JP2013082064A - Method of removing surface of as-cast workpiece by means of planer device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of removing a surface of an as-cast workpiece capable of efficiently removing, by means of a planer device, a heat denatured layer present on the surface of an as-cast workpiece having a three-dimensionally varying surface without removing a normal metal structure.SOLUTION: The surface of a workpiece 90 in an as-cast state is divided into units of many cutting lines L1, a level variation of the surface of the workpiece 90 in each cutting line L1 is measured beforehand as two-dimensional level variation information by a laser beam ranging element 60, and planer type cutting work is performed, for each cutting line L1, while a cutting tool B is vertically feedback-controlled with the acquired level variation information assumed as a target value. A three-dimensional level variation of the workpiece surface is indirectly targeted for control as parallel information to the two-dimensional level variation information, and only a heat denatured layer present on the surface of the as-cast workpiece 90 can be removed without removing a normal metal structure.

Description

  The present invention, in a broad sense, is formed by casting a molten metal into a predetermined size casting frame or mold and solidifying it, or by forming it into an ingot shape or other arbitrary shape by hot forging means. The present invention relates to a method for removing the surface of an as-cast workpiece by a planar device for removing a thermally denatured layer such as an oxide film formed in a layer on the surface of a so-called as-cast workpiece.

  On the surface of an as-cast workpiece in which molten metal is poured into a casting frame or mold of a size corresponding to a predetermined application and solidified, or on the surface of the as-cast workpiece formed by hot forging into an arbitrary shape, an oxide film or A heat-denatured layer similar to a quenched structure is formed by a rapid temperature change. Further, these as-cast work surfaces are usually accompanied by warpage, distortion, swelling of the body, undulation, and the like.

  The heat-denatured layer such as an oxide film on the surface of the as-cast workpiece has the effect of preventing further progress of oxidation and enhancing the adhesion of the paint. Is done. However, when the as-cast work is a starting work for a malleable product or a ductile product, the following inconvenience occurs.

  The heat-denatured layer formed on the surface of the as-cast workpiece is greatly different from the normal metal structure in that it is an impurity for the normal metal structure. In addition, malleable processing or the like is a processing method in which an external force is applied to the workpiece in a cold or hot state to cause the metal structure to gradually flow and deform. As a result, the heat-denatured layer, which is an impurity, is kneaded into a normal metal structure through a malleable process or the like, resulting in a problem that the purity of the final product is greatly reduced.

  Today, with the advancement of technology and product quality, there is a need for more advanced technologies and materials. As for purity requirements for secondary products and final products, it is not rare that purity requirements of six nine levels (99.9999%) or higher are made. And in the material field where purity requirements are high, high purity itself creates great added value.

  Therefore, when the purity requirement for a product to be manufactured by malleable processing or the like is high, it is necessary to completely remove the heat-denatured layer existing on the surface of the as-cast workpiece as the starting workpiece. . However, in general, malleable processing is intended to produce a continuous long product such as a wire or sheet material whose length is not limited. It is required not to reduce the volume as much as possible. Such a requirement is particularly remarkable in a metal species having a high transaction price per unit weight.

  Conventionally, the removal of the heat-denatured layer on the surface of the as-cast workpiece has been performed using a plano mirror. The planomirror is a processing machine including a milling head that can move along a cross beam frame on a reciprocating table on which a work is mounted, and is a processing machine that applies a reciprocating feed motion to a work to perform milling.

  The removal of the heat-denatured layer by the planomirror is performed while attaching a bevel gear-shaped milling cutter to the milling head, supplying cutting oil to the processing portion, and cooling. This is because if the cutting oil is not applied, a problem arises in that a new heat-denatured layer is immediately formed at a portion where the heat-denatured layer is removed by the processing heat generated during cutting. In a high-speed rotating tool such as a milling cutter, work burning of the workpiece is unavoidable, and a large amount of machining heat is generated particularly when the as-cast workpiece is a difficult-to-cut material.

  Several problems have been pointed out regarding the conventional as-cast workpiece surface deletion method using a plano mirror as described below.

  A problem that has been pointed out is that when the heat-denatured layer on the surface of the as-cast workpiece is deleted, a large amount of normal metal structure is deleted and the volume is reduced. In addition, as another problem to be pointed out, there is a problem that the processing efficiency is extremely low, and further, there is a problem that the milling cutter is lost early.

  Further, from the viewpoint of recycling of cutting waste, there has been pointed out a problem of cost of removing cutting oil used to prevent work burn of the workpiece. Cutting oil contains antioxidants and other chemical substances, and when processing cutting waste with cutting oil attached as it is, not only can the quality of the recycled material not be maintained at a predetermined level, There is concern that it may increase the environmental load.

  The reason why a plano mirror provided with a milling head has been used for the purpose of eliminating the heat-denatured layer on the surface of the as-cast workpiece is that high machining efficiency is expected. As described above, the planomirror is a processing machine that deletes the surface of a workpiece by repeating a unit cutting process that gives a reciprocating feed motion to the workpiece. Therefore, the machining efficiency is determined by the cutting width per unit cutting process, and it is advantageous that the cutting width is wide. In this respect, the cutting width of the rotationally driven milling cutter is, for example, much wider than the cutting tool of the planar device, and is considered advantageous for pursuing efficiency.

  The problem that a large amount of normal metal structure is lost when the heat-denatured layer is removed is due to the fact that the surface of the as-cast workpiece is not flat. The surface of the as-cast workpiece is an irregular surface that changes three-dimensionally without regularity. However, the thickness of the heat-denatured layer formed on the surface of the as-cast work is substantially constant.

  If an as-cast workpiece with an irregular surface is subjected to a simple horizontal feed motion to remove all heat denatured layers, after all, the most depressed low level heat denatured layers are removed. It is necessary to delete all the upper level parts until it is done. This is the reason why a large amount of normal metal structure is lost during the removal of the heat-denatured layer. Moreover, since the cutting depth per unit cutting process of the milling cutter is limited within a certain limit, it is necessary to cut the same cutting line many times in order to delete all the upper level parts. . This is the reason why the expected machining efficiency cannot be achieved despite the use of a milling cutter with a wide cutting width.

  Conventionally known countermeasures against the above problems include so-called profiling, in which the surface of an as-cast workpiece is mechanically traced and the tool is controlled to follow the surface level of the as-cast workpiece. There is a way to do it. However, since the milling cutter in a plano mirror has a wide cutting width, the advantage of the profiling process cannot be sufficiently exhibited regardless of the position within the cutting width. This is because the surface of the as-cast workpiece changes not only in the cutting direction but also in the cutting width direction. Therefore, even by copying, the waste that the same cutting line must be cut a plurality of times cannot be eliminated.

  Further, the problem of early chipping of the milling cutter is that the surface of the workpiece moves up and down irregularly relative to the milling cutter during cutting because the as-cast workpiece is warped and distorted. The heat-denatured layer on the surface of the as-cast workpiece is formed of a heat-denatured structure with extremely high hardness similar to a metal oxide or a quenched structure. Therefore, if the surface of the workpiece moves up and down irregularly with respect to the milling cutter, this results in repeated movements in and out of the high-hardness thermally denatured tissue, and the milling cutter is lost due to the impact load at this time. It will end up.

  Missing milling cutters may not seem like a big problem for outsiders. However, if the milling cutter is missing, it is necessary to temporarily stop the operation of the machine, replace the milling cutter, and re-set the reference vertical position of the cutting edge. It has become.

  The present invention generally has the above-mentioned problems that have been conventionally pointed out in processing for removing the surface of an as-cast workpiece by using a planar device that is considered to have a processing efficiency much lower than that of a plano mirror. That is, it is an object to solve the problem that a large amount of normal metal structure is deleted when the heat-denatured layer on the workpiece surface is deleted, the problem that processing efficiency is extremely low, and the problem of early chipping of the blade. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for removing the surface of an as-cast workpiece that can be carried out in a dry manner without using cutting oil, from the viewpoint of improving the reclaimed quality of cutting waste and reducing the cost.

  As mentioned above, a tool with a low cutting speed is used for the blade behind the reversal idea of intentionally selecting a processing machine that is considered to have a lower processing efficiency than a conventional processing machine. In the planar device, it is possible to perform dry processing without using cutting oil, and in the planar device, the cutting width of one cutting line can be set to an extremely narrow width. There is a speculation of the inventors that the level change of the workpiece surface in the cutting width direction can be suppressed to a negligible range by sufficiently suppressing the width.

  That is, when the level change in the cutting width direction can be ignored for each cutting line, the level change remaining in the cutting line is a two-dimensional vertical level change in the cutting direction, and only a two-dimensional vertical level change. If there is, it can cope by devising the copying processing means. In addition, it is considered that the mechanical characteristics of the planar device, which are inferior in processing efficiency, can be supplemented with a sufficient margin by surely completing the required work in each cutting line by one cutting.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following solution.

(Solution 1)
A method for removing the surface of an as-cast workpiece by the planar device of the present invention comprises a carriage installed on a bed so as to be capable of reciprocating horizontal movement, and a cross beam frame supported above the bed via a column. The workpiece is fixed to the horizontal girder frame, the tool post is attached to the horizontal girder frame via the vertical feed mechanism and the horizontal feed mechanism, and the tool attached to the tool post is laterally fed in the width direction of the work via the horizontal feed mechanism. The cutting line for the workpiece is determined, the cutting depth for the workpiece is adjusted by moving the tool up and down via the vertical feed mechanism, the carriage is driven in the cutting direction to cut the workpiece with a predetermined cutting width, and the vertical feed The unit cutting process is repeated many times to remove the workpiece surface by driving the carriage back in the return direction and returning it to the standby position after raising the tool through the mechanism. In the as-cast surface delete a workpiece by planar device was made in the,
Set a number of cutting lines with a cutting width suitable for the tool used on the workpiece surface, and measure the laser beam in advance as a two-dimensional level change for each cutting line that sets the three-dimensional level change of the workpiece surface. By storing feedback in the vertical feed mechanism and horizontal feed mechanism using the stored level change information for each cutting line as a target value, the cutting depth to the workpiece is constant regardless of the change in the workpiece surface level. It is characterized by maintaining to.

  The solving means 1 will be described. The above-described surface removal method of the as-cast workpiece is characterized in that a large number of cutting lines to be subjected to the unit cutting process are preset on the workpiece surface. Each cutting line is set so that, for example, the maximum width of the workpiece is divided by the cutting width on the basis of the cutting width of the cutting tool to be used.

  Also, the level change information on the workpiece surface for each set cutting line is acquired by the laser beam measurement means which is a non-contact measurement means, and the horizontal position and vertical position of the tool are feedback controlled based on this level change information It is a feature that it is done.

  The surface of the as-cast workpiece is a three-dimensional irregular curved surface with warping and distortion. However, when a large number of cutting lines are set on the entire surface of the workpiece, the level change in the width direction of each cutting line falls within a negligible range. As a result, the three-dimensional level change of the workpiece surface can be expressed as a set of two-dimensional level change information of a large number of cutting lines.

  The cutting tool is attached to the tool post and supported above the workpiece via a horizontal feed mechanism and a vertical feed mechanism. The cutting tool is feedback-controlled using cutting line information for the horizontal feed mechanism and level change information for the vertical feed mechanism associated with the cutting line as target values.

  As a result, when the workpiece is horizontally fed in the cutting direction via the carriage under the correspondence between the specific cutting line and the horizontal position of the cutting tool, the level change information associated with the cutting line is read from the storage means. The vertical position of the byte can be automatically changed based on the level change information.

  That is, in the unit cutting process in each cutting line, the cutting tool moves up and down so as to maintain a constant cutting depth with respect to the workpiece regardless of changes in the level of the workpiece surface, and deletes the normal metal structure portion of the workpiece. In addition, only the heat-denatured layer can be removed without being left uncut.

  As described above, since the three-dimensional level change of the workpiece surface is expressed as a set of two-dimensional level change information in each of a plurality of cutting lines set on the workpiece surface, as a result, Thus, a high degree of cutting that follows the three-dimensional level change of the workpiece surface is realized.

(Solution 2)
The method for removing the surface of an as-cast workpiece according to the present invention is based on the method for removing the surface of an as-cast workpiece described in Solution 1 above, and a laser beam distance measuring element is directed downward to a horizontal feed mechanism that supports the tool post. It is characterized in that a level change of an uncut cutting line is measured by using a horizontal movement of a carriage when performing a unit cutting process for attachment and a specific cutting line.

  The above solution 2 shows an advantageous method when acquiring level change information of each cutting line by the laser beam distance measuring element.

  In order to acquire level change information of each cutting line, it is necessary to drive the carriage. At this time, it is possible to obtain the level change information by simply flying the carriage without performing any cutting work, but for feeding the carriage for the total number of cutting lines, With reasonable time and running costs.

  Therefore, by measuring the level change of the uncut cutting line using the horizontal movement of the carriage when executing the unit cutting process for the specific cutting line, the cutting operation for the specific cutting line and other cuttings are performed. Since the line measurement work can proceed simultaneously, the work efficiency can be significantly improved as compared with the case where the measurement work is carried out independently.

(Solution 3)
The surface removal method of the as-cast workpiece according to the present invention is based on the surface removal method of the as-cast workpiece described in Solution 1, and the laser beam distance measuring element is attached downward to the horizontal feed mechanism of the tool post, Level changes after pre-acquiring level change information for all cutting lines by adding workpiece individual information to be evaluated for each workpiece to the obtained level change information The information is used as a target value for controlling the vertical feed mechanism.

  The solving means 3 indicates that the level change information of the cutting line acquired by the laser beam distance measuring element can be artificially processed and used.

  It can be said that no as-cast workpiece has the same surface condition. The surface of the as-cast work may include a capillary crack or a fold-shaped deformed surface layer that extends to the inner layer part that cannot be obtained by a laser beam distance measuring element. These surface defects cannot be completely removed in a single unit cutting process by the basic surface removal method of the present invention, which simply removes the surface uniformly based on the level change information of each cutting line. Cases arise.

  Therefore, the level change information of all the cutting lines is acquired in advance by emptying the carriage for each cutting line, and the individual information of the work to be evaluated for each work in the acquired level change information, for example, only the portion where the crack exists The above problem can be solved by setting the level change information after adding correction information for cutting deeper than other parts as a target value when controlling the vertical feed mechanism of the tool post.

(Solution 4)
The surface removal method for an as-cast workpiece according to the present invention is based on the surface removal method for an as-cast workpiece according to any one of Solution 1 to Solution 3 described above, and is independent of a common horizontal feed mechanism in a cross beam frame. A plurality of turrets are attached via a vertical feed mechanism, and a plurality of cutting lines set on the workpiece surface are divided by a plurality of cutting tools attached to the respective turrets to simultaneously cut a plurality of cutting lines. It is characterized by.

  The above solution shows a method of simultaneously machining a plurality of cutting lines corresponding to the number of cutting tools by attaching a plurality of independently controllable cutting tools to one planar device.

  As a method for attaching a plurality of cutting tools to the planar device, a method in which the tool post itself is provided with a repetitive number is employed. At this time, a horizontal feed mechanism for selecting the cutting line by horizontally feeding the tool post along the cross beam frame is shared by a plurality of tool posts. Therefore, the plurality of tool rests can move simultaneously while maintaining a mutual interval when assembled to the horizontal feed mechanism so as to correspond to the plurality of cutting lines. On the other hand, the vertical feed mechanism for maintaining the cutting depth with respect to the workpiece constant by moving the tool post up and down is independent for each tool post.

  When any one of the plurality of cutting tools attached via the tool post is positioned on the set cutting line, the other cutting tools are also positioned on the cutting line located at a predetermined interval. Next, level change information associated with each cutting line is read from the storage means and provided to the vertical feed mechanism of a plurality of cutting tools. Accordingly, each bite can be cut at the same time while following a plurality of unique level change information. As a result, the machining efficiency can be improved in proportion to the number of cutting tools.

  The surface removal method of an as-cast workpiece by the planar device of the present invention sets a large number of cutting lines on the surface of the workpiece, and changes the three-dimensional level change of the workpiece surface as a two-dimensional vertical level change of the cutting line unit. By measuring the laser beam and performing the unit cutting process many times on the cutting line while driving the tool back and forth based on the measured level change information for each cutting line, the two-dimensional process is finally achieved. Since it is possible to indirectly follow the surface of a three-dimensional workpiece as a parallel set of vertical level change information, it is based on a simple planing method using a planar method. Only the heat-denatured layer existing at a constant thickness on the surface can be efficiently removed. As a result, the problem that a large amount of normal metal structure is lost when the surface of the as-cast workpiece is deleted has been solved.

  In addition, as a result of the feedback control of the cutting tool based on the level change information of each cutting line, it is possible to delete the heat-denatured layer of the cutting line without removing it by simply performing one cutting process for each cutting line. Therefore, a significant improvement in efficiency was realized compared with the conventional method in which the unit cutting process had to be repeated many times until the level change on the workpiece surface disappeared.

  In addition, the constant cutting depth can be maintained at all times regardless of workpiece warpage or undulation, so that the cutting edge of the cutting tool is stably maintained between the thermally denatured layer and the normal metal structure. Since the frequency at which the cutting edge of the cutting tool collides with the heat-denaturing layer can be greatly reduced by the level change, the problem of early chipping of the cutting tool is solved at the same time.

It is a perspective view of the planar apparatus suitable for use of the surface removal method of the as-cast work of this invention. It is a front view which expands and shows the principal part of the said planar apparatus. It is a conceptual diagram of the feedback control in the surface deletion method of the as-cast work of this invention. It is a perspective view of the other planar apparatus suitable for use of the surface removal method of the as-cast work of this invention.

  Embodiments of a method for removing the surface of an as-cast workpiece by the planar device of the present invention, specifically, a processing machine suitable for use of the method, a method for creating a control target value, and a method for using the same will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  By applying the surface removal method for an as-cast workpiece of the present invention to the planar device 100 having a machine scale corresponding to the size of the workpiece 90 in an as-cast state to be machined, the intended machining object can be achieved. (FIG. 1).

  In the present invention, the term “planar device 100” refers to a device whose general name is “planar device”. A wide range of processing machines that can perform surface cutting or surface grinding by applying a linear motion are included. This is because today, a multi-function processing machine in which a plurality of types of processing machines are combined is also provided.

  Here, a configuration example of the planar device 100 used in the present embodiment will be described.

  The planar device 100 includes a bed 10 as a machine base that serves as a reference scaffold for linear motion. On the bed 10, a carriage 13 is installed that carries a workpiece 90 and performs a reciprocating linear motion along the bed 10. The carriage 13 is usually provided with a T groove (not shown) for fixing the workpiece. Further, a linear guide member is interposed between the bed 10 and the carriage 13 so as to allow only the linear movement of the carriage 13 while prohibiting operations other than linear movement. The drive mechanism of the carriage 13 is usually installed in the bed 10.

  The planar device 100 exemplified in this embodiment is of a so-called portal type machine type. That is, above the carriage 13, a cross beam frame 20 is horizontally installed in a direction crossing the carriage 13 through a pair of left and right columns 21, 21 standing upright from the floor level. It has a portal shape in vision.

  The cross beam frame 20 includes a tool post 50 for attaching the cutting tool B. The tool post 50 uses a drive motor M1 as a drive source, a horizontal feed mechanism 30 arranged in the width direction of the carriage 13 so as to operate along the cross beam frame 20, and a drive motor M2 as a drive source. These are attached via a vertical feed mechanism 40 mounted on the horizontal feed mechanism 30.

  The horizontal feed mechanism 30 has a configuration in which a slide base 33 assembled to a pair of linear guides 31 and 31 is horizontally fed by a feed screw shaft 32 that is rotationally driven by a drive motor M1 (FIGS. 1 and 2). The vertical feed mechanism 40 is configured to vertically feed a slide base 43 that is assembled to the slide base 33 of the horizontal feed mechanism 30 so as to freely move up and down by a feed screw shaft 42 that is rotationally driven by a drive motor M2.

  Here, when the longitudinal direction of the carriage 13 is the X-axis direction and the width direction of the carriage 13 is the Y-axis direction, relative movement in the X-axis direction is performed with respect to the tool rest 50 by the movement of the carriage 13. The drive motor M1 can provide an operation in the Y-axis direction, and the drive motor M2 can provide an operation in the Z-axis direction. Among these, regarding the operation of the carriage 13 in the X-axis direction, there is a distinction between the cutting direction F1 and the return direction F2 (FIG. 1).

  An extension plate 34 is connected to the slide base 33 of the horizontal feed mechanism 30, and a laser beam distance measuring element 60 is attached to this portion in a downward direction. Further, the drive motors M1 and M2 used are servomotors for feedback control, and are driven by a dedicated motor driver 62 having a storage means 63 capable of storing a control target value (see FIG. 3). ).

  The above is the outline of the hardware resources used for carrying out the method for removing the surface of an as-cast workpiece according to the present invention. Next, a method for creating and using a control target value will be described.

  First, the cutter to be used is determined in consideration of the material of the workpiece 90 to be processed. The cutting tool used for the planar device 100 is usually a bite B. Selection of the cutting edge shape and the like of the cutting tool B is a matter of empirical judgment and is determined by trial cutting or the like.

  Next, the cutting depth for the workpiece 90 is determined. Since the cutting depth at this time is determined by the thickness of the heat-denatured layer 91 existing on the surface of the workpiece 90, the cutting depth is usually determined to be a depth that can be removed by one cutting operation according to the situation (see FIG. 2).

  Next, the width D of the cutting lie set for the workpiece 90 is determined. The width D of this cutting line corresponds to the cutting width of the cutting tool B to be used. The cutting width at this time is determined empirically by the balance with the cutting depth of the cutting tool B to be used.

  After determining the width D of the cutting line, the determined cutting lines L1, L2,... Are set on the surface of the workpiece 90. Needless to say, this work does not draw an actual line on the surface of the workpiece 90, but the storage means 63 built in the motor driver 62 of the drive motor M1 of the horizontal feed mechanism 30 and the width direction ( This means that the feed amount of the width D step of the cutting line is set with reference to one end side in the Y axis direction). The width D of the cutting line at this time is uniform for the entire width of the workpiece 90.

  Next, the change in the vertical level of the workpiece 90 is measured for each set cutting line L1, L2,. There are several methods for measuring the vertical level change. Here, the laser beam ranging elements 60 attached to the slide base 33 of the horizontal feed mechanism 30 are used to measure each of the cutting lines L1, L2,. A method of acquiring level change information will be described (FIGS. 1 and 2).

  First, the horizontal feed mechanism 30 is driven to make the laser beam distance measuring element 60 coincide with the first cutting line L1. Next, the workpiece 90 is fed in the cutting direction F1 to read the level change of the cutting line L1. Thereby, level change information 1L of the cutting line L1 is obtained (FIG. 3). This is set in the storage means 63. At this time, the cutting depth at the cutting start position of the first cutting line L1 is also set as the cutting depth reference position given to the vertical feed mechanism 40.

  Next, the carriage 13 is driven in the return direction F2 to return to the original position. The laser beam distance measuring element 60 is made to coincide with the adjacent cutting line L2 via the horizontal feed mechanism 30, and the level change of the cutting line L2 is read. Thereby, the upper and lower levels 2L of the cutting line L2 are obtained (FIG. 3). This is set in the storage means 63. By performing the same operation for all the cutting lines L1... LN, the storage means 63 can store the level change information 1L... NL associated with each cutting line L1.

  Thereafter, the planar device 100 is automatically operated based on the acquired level change information 1L... NL.

  When the carriage 13 is driven, the motor driver 62 horizontally feeds the level change information 1L of each cutting line L1 as a target value while using the cutting depth reference position stored in the storage means 63 as the origin position of the upper and lower levels. The drive motor M1 of the mechanism 30 and the drive motor M2 of the vertical feed mechanism 40 are closed-loop controlled.

  Specifically, the horizontal feed mechanism 30 positions the cutting tool B at the cutting start position corresponding to the first cutting line L1, and the vertical feed mechanism 40 lowers the cutting tool B to the origin position that is the reference position of the cutting depth. . Thereafter, the carriage 13 is driven in the cutting direction F1, and the vertical feed mechanism 40 moves the cutting tool B in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) so as to follow the undulation of the cutting line L1 according to the level change information 1L of the cutting line L1. Stepless control. As a result, the cutting tool B only maintains the cutting depth corresponding to the set thickness of the heat-denatured layer 91 at all times, regardless of the change in the upper and lower levels 1L of the cutting line L1, and only the heat-denatured layer 91 in the cutting line L1. Can be deleted.

  By performing the above operation for all the cutting lines L1,..., The heat-denatured layer 91 on the entire surface of the workpiece 90 is efficiently deleted by automatic operation without deleting the normal metal structure.

  As for the method for obtaining the level change information 1L of the cutting lines L1, L2,..., The laser beam ranging element 60 performs the cutting operation on the cutting lines L1, L2,. , L2... Can be acquired. In this case, it is preferable to attach the laser beam ranging element 60 as close to the tool B as possible. Also in this method, it is necessary to obtain the level change information 1L ... for the first few cutting lines L1 ... by moving the carriage 13 idle.

  Then, the cutting work is started based on the level change information 1L... Acquired by the air carriage operation of the carriage 13 and the level change information of the cutting line passing under the laser beam distance measuring element 60 at that time may be read. It is. This method has the advantage that the time required for setup can be greatly reduced since the cutting operation and the acquisition operation of the level change information 1L... Can be performed simultaneously.

  In the as-cast surface removal method of the present invention, a plurality of blades that can be controlled to move up and down independently are attached to the planar device 100, and the cutting lines L1 acquired in advance in the individual vertical feed mechanisms 40, 40 of the blades. By providing the level change information 1L in a distributed manner, a plurality of parts of the workpiece 90 can be cut simultaneously. However, in order to employ such a method, the following special planar device 100 is required.

  In the planar device 100, a pair of independent vertical feed mechanisms 40 are assembled to a common horizontal feed mechanism 30. Bits B and B are attached to the vertical feed mechanisms 40 and 40 via tool rests 50, respectively. (FIG. 4). At this time, the mutual interval between the pair of cutting tools B and B is fixed to an interval that can correspond to any one of the cutting lines L1,..., That is, an interval that is an integral multiple of the cutting width D of the cutting tool B, When the horizontal feed mechanism 30 is driven, the cutting tools B and B can move in the width direction (Y-axis direction) of the workpiece 90 while maintaining the mutual distance.

  The pair of vertical feed mechanisms 40, 40 corresponding to the pair of bytes B, B are provided with level change information 1L of the cutting lines L1,. , B are always maintained at the two positions of the workpiece 90 while maintaining the cutting depth corresponding to the set thickness of the heat-denatured layer 91 regardless of the change in the upper and lower levels 1L of the cutting line L1. Only the heat-denatured layer 91 can be deleted.

  The above-described simultaneous machining method at a plurality of locations can exhibit an overwhelming high efficiency that reduces the work use time by half, and is particularly effective when the width of the workpiece 90 is large. Therefore, when newly developing a dedicated processing machine, it is recommended to use the planar device 100 of this type.

  Furthermore, in the as-cast workpiece surface deletion method of the present invention, on the premise of preparation of a dedicated machine, two-surface simultaneous cutting with the upper surface of the workpiece 90 and one side surface in the width direction described above, It is possible to perform three-surface cutting with both the upper surface and the side surfaces in the width direction. In addition, the processing machine required in this case changes the direction of the combination mechanism of the horizontal feed mechanism 30, the vertical feed mechanism 40, and the tool rest 50 described in the above-described embodiment by 90 degrees to one column. 21 or the planar device 100 mounted on both the columns 21 and 21. In this case, since a predetermined clearance is required as a work space between the carriage 13 and the workpiece 90, it is necessary to interpose a spacer member between the workpiece 90 and the carriage 13.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Planar apparatus B Byte L1 ... Cutting line F1 Cutting direction F2 Return direction 1L ... Level change information 90 Work 91 Heat-denaturing layer 60 Laser beam ranging element 63 Storage means 50 Tool post 40 Vertical feed mechanism 30 Horizontal feed mechanism 20 Cross beam frame 21 column 13 carriage

Claims (4)

A reciprocating table installed on a bed so as to be able to reciprocate horizontally, and a cross beam frame supported above the reciprocating table via a column, and a work is fixed on the reciprocating table, and the cross beam frame A tool post is attached to the tool post via a horizontal feed mechanism and a vertical feed mechanism, and a cutting line for the work is determined by laterally feeding a tool attached to the tool post in the width direction of the work via the horizontal feed mechanism, The cutting depth with respect to the workpiece is adjusted by moving the cutting tool up and down via the vertical feed mechanism, the workpiece is cut with a predetermined cutting width by driving the carriage in the cutting direction, and the cutting tool is driven via the vertical feed mechanism. A planar which is configured to repeat the unit cutting step of driving the carriage in the return direction and returning to the standby position many times, and then removing the surface of the workpiece. In the surface Delete method of work by the location,
A large number of cutting lines having a cutting width suitable for the tool used on the workpiece surface are set in advance, and the three-dimensional level change of the workpiece surface is measured in advance as a two-dimensional level change for each cutting line. By storing feedback in the vertical feed mechanism using the stored level change information for each cutting line as a target value, the cutting depth for the workpiece can be maintained constant regardless of the level change of the workpiece surface. A method for removing the surface of an as-cast workpiece by a planar device characterized by the above.   A laser beam ranging element is attached downward to the horizontal feed mechanism that supports the tool post, and the horizontal movement of the carriage when performing a unit cutting process for a specific cutting line to be processed is not used. 2. A method for removing a surface of an as-cast workpiece by a planar device according to claim 1, wherein a level change of a cutting line of cutting is measured.   A laser beam distance measuring element is attached downward to the horizontal feed mechanism that supports the tool post, and the level change information of all the cutting lines is acquired in advance by causing the workpiece to be idled for all the set cutting lines. 2. The planar according to claim 1, wherein the level change information after adding the individual information of the workpiece to be evaluated for each workpiece to the obtained level change information is set as a target value for controlling the vertical feed mechanism. A method for removing the surface of an as-cast workpiece by an apparatus.   A plurality of turrets are attached to the horizontal feed mechanism via a vertical feed mechanism, and a plurality of cutting lines are made by sharing a unit cutting process with respect to a cutting line set on the surface of a workpiece by a tool attached to each turret. The method of removing the surface of the as-cast workpiece by the planar device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface is cut simultaneously.

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