JP2013059728A - Treatment apparatus and composting treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment apparatus capable of efficiently treating supplied organic matter while reducing input energy for carrying out decomposition treatment of the supplied organic matter.SOLUTION: The treatment apparatus includes a treatment tank 10 into which the organic matter W subjected to biological decomposition is supplied, and a ventilating means connected to the treatment tank 10 to ventilate air in the treatment tank 10. The treatment tank 10 is sealed before and after ventilating air in the treatment tank 10 by the ventilating means. A stirring means 15 for stirring the organic matter W is provided in the treatment tank 10. The treatment apparatus further includes a ventilation control means 40 for controlling the amount of ventilation by the ventilating means based on the state of the organic matter W in the treatment tank 10.

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus and a fertilizer processing apparatus for decomposing organic substances put into a processing tank.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a fertilizer processing apparatus for fermenting (aging) organic waste such as raw garbage and using it for organic fertilizer is known. Among such fertilizer processing apparatuses, there is an apparatus that decomposes organic waste by utilizing the action of treated organisms (microorganisms such as yeast and fungi).

  Garbage or the like used as a raw material for fertilizer contains organic substances that are easily decomposed (easy-degradable organic substances) and organic substances that are decomposed relatively slowly (non-degradable organic substances). When a fertilizer target that contains a large amount of readily decomposable organic matter is applied to the soil, rapid degradation of the easily decomposable organic matter occurs in the soil, resulting in plant deficiency due to lack of oxygen in the soil, a large amount of fermentation heat, and gas generation. May cause harm. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to fermentatively decompose readily decomposable organic substances in the waste in the fertilizer treatment. In the fermentative decomposition of organic matter mainly composed of aerobic microorganisms in the treatment of organic waste as fertilizers, the microorganisms grow while absorbing moisture and oxygen in the fertilizer target, and the fermentation decomposition proceeds.

  By the way, as a fertilizer processing device of organic matter, there are a watering device for adjusting the amount of water to promote fermentation decomposition, an air supply port for maintaining an aerobic state, and a heating means for maintaining a suitable fermentation temperature. There is known a fertilizer treatment apparatus provided. (See Patent Document 1)

JP-A-8-132009

  In the processing apparatus of Patent Document 1, it is possible to accelerate the fermentation decomposition and shorten the time for fertilizer, but supplement the temperature so that the microorganisms can easily perform the fermentation decomposition with the watering device or the temperature decreased by aeration or watering. It was necessary to provide a heating source and the like, and the processing apparatus was large in energy consumption.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a processing apparatus capable of efficiently biodegrading organic substances while suppressing the input of external energy. Is.

In order to solve the above problems, the treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises a treatment tank for biodegrading organic matter, and a ventilation means connected to the treatment tank for ventilating the air in the treatment tank,
The treatment tank is sealed before and after the air in the treatment tank is ventilated by the ventilation means.

In order to solve the above problems, the treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises a treatment tank for biodegrading organic matter,
A stirring means provided in the treatment tank for stirring the organic matter, and a ventilation means connected to the treatment tank for ventilating the air in the treatment tank, the treatment tank being contained in the treatment tank by the ventilation means. The air is sealed before and after the air is ventilated.

  The treatment apparatus of the present invention can efficiently biodegrade organic matter while suppressing the input of external energy.

It is a three-dimensional projection figure showing the external appearance of embodiment of the processing apparatus by this invention. It is sectional drawing which represents typically the internal structure of embodiment shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed the structure of the control apparatus of embodiment shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed the stirring process control flowchart of embodiment shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed the ventilation process control flowchart of embodiment shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed the control flowchart in the ventilation process of embodiment shown in FIG.

  An embodiment of a processing apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

<Processing device configuration>
The external appearance of the processing apparatus A according to this embodiment is shown in FIG. 1, and its cross-sectional structure is shown in FIG. That is, the organic substance processing apparatus A in the present embodiment includes a treatment tank 10 for decomposing the charged organic substance W. The processing apparatus A seals the container body 11, the lid (ventilation unit) 12, the fastening means 13 for connecting the lid 12 and the container body 11, and the gap between the lid 12 and the container body 11. Sealing means 14 and stirring means 15 are provided. A space formed by the container main body 11 and the lid 12 functions as a treatment tank 10 that decomposes the organic matter W. The container main body 11 in the present embodiment has a cylindrical shape, and an opening 11a into which an organic substance containing aerobic microorganisms, that is, an organic substance W to be biodegraded and processed as a fertilizer is charged. The opening 11a also functions as a takeout port for taking out the organic matter W that has been biodegraded and fertilized.

  The lid 12 in the present embodiment has a cylindrical shape corresponding to the shape of the container body 11, and can be detachably attached to the container body 11 to open and close the opening 11 a of the container body 11. In this embodiment, it is possible to completely remove the lid 12 from the container body 11, but the lid 12 is attached to the container body 11 via hinges 17 a and 17 b, and the lid 11 is opened from the opening 11 a of the container body 11. 12 to be opened and closed.

  The fastening means 13 in the present embodiment for connecting the lid 12 and the container body 11 is attached to the container body 11 so that the catch 13a fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the lid 12 can be engaged with the catch 13a. And a fixed latch lever 13b. By using such fastening means 13, the opening 11 a of the container body 11 can be reliably sealed in a sealed state, and the lid 12 can be removed from the container body 11 even when the container body 11 is accidentally tilted. It is possible to prevent problems that may occur.

  The container body 11 and the lid 12 have heat insulating walls 11d and 12a for keeping the inside warm. The heat insulating walls 11d and 12a serving as heat insulating portions for reducing heat radiation from the container main body 11 and the lid 12 in the present embodiment are configured by a heat insulating material arranged so as to cover the outer peripheral surfaces of the container main body 11 and the lid 12. Yes. As such a heat insulating material, there is no particular limitation as long as the heat of fermentation generated by the activity of microorganisms can be minimized and the temperature of the organic matter W can be appropriately maintained, and a known heat insulating material is used. can do. For example, glass wool, rock wool, ceramic sheet, polystyrene foam, polyethylene foam and the like can be used.

  The sealing means 14 is for sealing a gap between the lid 12 and the container body 11 in a state where the opening 11 a of the container body 11 is closed by the lid 12. In the present embodiment, a seal ring such as a silicone resin is attached to the lower end surface of the lid 12 as the seal means 14, but it may be attached to the opening 11 a of the container body 11 or both of them. In this way, the sealing means 14 ensures the hermeticity of the container body 11 with the opening 11 a closed by the lid 12. Therefore, the water spraying means for accelerating the fermentation decomposition of the organic matter W, that is, the fertilizer subject is unnecessary, and a simple and low-cost apparatus can be obtained.

  The agitating means 15 is for agitating the organic substance W put into the container body 11 with the lid 12 attached. The stirring means 15 according to the present embodiment includes a motor rotating portion 15a, a rotating shaft 15b protruding from the motor rotating portion 15a, and a stirring blade 15c attached integrally to the rotating shaft 15b. The motor rotating portion 15a is fixed to the back surface of the bottom wall 11c of the container body 11, and the rotating shaft 15b penetrates the bottom wall 11c of the container body 11 from the motor rotating portion 15a and the upper end protrudes into the container body 11 It has become. A seal member (not shown) is incorporated between the rotating shaft 15 b of the motor rotating portion 15 a and the bottom wall 11 c of the container body 11. The motor rotating unit 15a is driven by electric power supplied from a power source (not shown) to rotate the stirring blade 15c, whereby the organic matter W put into the container body 11 is stirred at a predetermined frequency, and oxygen is supplied to the organic matter W. Promote.

  In the present embodiment, there are provided a plurality of legs 19 that protrude downward from the bottom of the container body 11 and come into contact with the floor surface F, and the motor rotation section 15a is directly on the floor surface F by these legs 19. Care is taken to avoid contact.

  When fertilizing the organic substance W using such a processing apparatus A, first, the lid 12 fixed to the container body 11 is opened and closed via the hinges 17a and 17b, and the organic substance W is removed from the opening 11a of the container body 11. Put into the container body 11. In addition, the water content is appropriately adjusted so that aerobic microorganisms can easily grow, and a small amount of supplement such as inoculum is mixed as necessary. Thereafter, the lid 12 is overlaid on the opening 11a of the container body 11, and the lid 12 is integrally connected to the container body 11 by the fastening means 13 as shown in FIG. . Thereby, the water | moisture content from the organic substance W is maintained in an appropriate water | moisture content state without excessively evaporating outside, and the fermentation decomposition by microorganisms will advance smoothly.

The lid (ventilation unit) 12 includes ventilation ducts 12b, 12c, 12d, and 12e, a heat exchange unit Eh, and heating deodorizing means Dh. (Plate-shaped member having a vent hole, forming a partition gas passage space.) Ventilation duct 12b is a remaining space of the space for processing space S ₁ and an organic material W for exchanging heat of the container main body 11 upward divide a certain space _{S 2.} The ventilation duct 12b, the communication port of the space S ₁ and the space S ₂ is provided below the heating deodorizing means Dh. Ventilation duct 12c is provided an inner space of the space S ₂ communicates space S ₁ and the space S _2, as the gas passes through a gas containing moisture transpired from organic matter W from the lower side of the container main body 11 R ₄ is led to the ventilation duct 12d.

  A heat exchange part Eh is provided on the ventilation duct side of the ventilation duct 12d with the outside air, and a large number of metal fins are provided to increase the surface area. On the side facing the heat exchanging part Eh, there is no dent or reservoir where water is collected. The ventilation duct 12d is provided so as to be inclined with respect to the bottom wall 11c of the container body 11 together with the heat exchanging part Eh, and moisture condensed by metal fins provided in a large number in the heat exchanging part Eh returns to the organic matter W. The structure is easy to do. The moisture condensed and condensed in the heat exchange part Eh falls into the ventilation duct 12d. Aggregated moisture flows due to the inclination of the ventilation duct 12d, and forms a reflux path through which the moisture is refluxed from the ventilation duct 12c to the container body 11 which is a processing tank containing the organic matter W. As a structure for retaining the moisture of the organic substance W in the container body 11, the moisture contained in the organic substance W once evaporated by the exhaust ducts 12 c and 12 d forming the heat exchange part Eh and the reflux path is given to the organic substance W in the container body 11. It functions as a reflux part for refluxing and moisture. The air whose water content has decreased after passing through the ventilation duct 12d passes through the ventilation duct 12e and passes through the heating deodorizing means Dh.

  The mass of the organic substance W thrown into the inside is measured by a weight sensor Mw disposed on the tank bottom wall 11c. Further, the volume is detected by a plurality of light emitting units 21a, 21b, and 21c installed at corresponding heights by a plurality of light receiving units 20a, 20b, and 20c installed at substantially different heights. The corresponding light receiving unit 20 and the light emitting unit 21 in the tank are provided at substantially the same height, and the light receiving unit 20 detects light shielding from the light emitting unit 21, and the volume of the organic substance W in the container main body A is determined. Is detected. Using these measuring means, the input amount or the processing amount of the organic matter W in the container body A after the ventilation processing is measured. The density also changes during the fermentation decomposition process. Therefore, the state of the organic substance W can also be estimated by obtaining the density from the two measuring means and performing comparison processing with data stored in advance as a processing amount change by combining the volume or mass and the density change.

  Further, the organic substance W in the container body 11 is intermittently stirred by the stirring means 15 at a predetermined period. The frequency of agitation of the organic substance W due to the rotation of the agitation blade 15c is determined based on comprehensive judgment based on data such as the temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon dioxide concentration in the container body 11 that changes due to the fermentation of the organic substance W. It is preferable.

For example, it may be effective to activate the stirring means 15 every two hours. Thus, by performing the agitation of the organic matter W, the probability of contact with oxygen in the air to be interposed in the space S ₂ of the remaining non-occupied by organic matter W of the sealed container body 11 and the microorganisms in the organic material W Can be increased. At the same time, it can be supplied to the organic matter W with the oxygen in the air in the space S ₂ above the organic W contained in the container main body 11 at a position closer to the bottom wall 11c of the container body 11. As a result, it becomes possible to improve the aerobic environment of the whole organic matter W and further promote its fertilization.

  However, when measuring the volume or mass of the organic substance W, the measurement error of the processing amount can be reduced by controlling so as not to perform stirring. On the other hand, when the ventilation process is performed, the aerobic environment can be improved by performing agitation, and oxygen can be supplied to the deep part in the organic matter W. Therefore, fertilization can be promoted by making the cycle of stirring correspond to the operation of the ventilation process.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the stirring unit 15 is erected from the bottom of the container body 11, and the light receiving unit 20 and the light emitting unit 21 as measurement units for measuring the volume of the organic matter W toward the upper side of the container body 11 are provided. Prepare. Therefore, compared with the case of stirring with the stirring means provided horizontally on the container body 11, even if stirring is performed, the possibility that the stirring means 15 is exposed on the upper part of the organic substance W is small, and a measurement error in the processing amount is less likely to occur. . In addition to the optical sensor, various contact-type sensing sensors, ultrasonic sensors, and the like provided on the peripheral wall 11c at different heights can be used to measure the volume.

Ventilation in the treatment tank 10 is performed by a ventilation fan 22. The ventilation fan 22 is disposed in the upper part of the tank, and is disposed in the heating and deodorizing means Dh using the catalyst 23. The heating deodorizing means Dh includes a catalyst heater 24 for heating the catalyst 23. The ventilation fan 22 sucks the outside air from the intake port 25 into the tank, passes the catalyst 23 heated by the catalyst heater 24, and deodorized exhaust is exhausted from the exhaust port 27 to the outside of the container body 11. At this time, ventilation is performed when the electromagnetic valve 28a provided in the intake port 25 for outside air and the electromagnetic valve 28b provided in the exhaust port 27 for open air are opened. Before and after the ventilation fan 22 is operated, the electromagnetic valve 28a and the electromagnetic valve 28b as opening / closing portions for opening and closing the ventilation passage between the treatment tank 10 and the outside air close the intake port 25 and the exhaust port 27, and the container body 11 The inside is sealed. The ventilation passage to the intake port 25 and the exhaust port 27 is constituted by the ventilation duct 12. The ventilation means is connected to the treatment tank through the ventilation passage. During ventilation process, the temperature of the catalyst 23 was measured in the catalyst temperature sensor M _T disposed in the lower portion of the catalyst 23, to hold the deodorization temperature capable. Catalyst temperature sensor M _T also serves as a temperature measurement provided container temperature and the catalyst 23 under the catalyst 23.

  The ventilation means connected to the treatment tank 10 in the present invention is not limited to the form of the ventilation fan 22 and the electromagnetic valves 28a and 28b. Like a backflow prevention valve in which the passage of the intake port 25 and the opening / closing valve of the exhaust port 27 are opened by the forward rotation of the ventilation fan, and the passage of the intake port 25 and the exhaust port 27 is closed by the reverse rotation of the ventilation fan. It may be a simple structure. Further, if there is a sufficient temperature difference between the organic matter W and the outside air, ventilation can be performed by changing the treatment tank from a sealed state to an opened state by opening and closing a solenoid valve or the like without providing a ventilation fan. . Any ventilation means may be used as long as oxygen is consumed by fermentative decomposition of the organic substance W, outside air containing oxygen is taken into the container body A, and oxygen is replaced.

  Since the catalyst heater 24 of the heating and deodorizing means Dh is installed above the container body 11, the amount of heat for deodorization can also be used for improving the temperature in the tank. In addition, since the catalyst heater 24 is heated during the ventilation process, it can quickly compensate for the amount of heat in the container body 11 where the temperature has decreased due to ventilation, and return the temperature to the temperature at which the aerobic bacteria undergo fermentation. Moreover, the heating deodorizing means Dh is used to prevent a bad odor in the processing apparatus A from being leaked to the outside by a ventilation process. Therefore, it is possible to prevent energization except when performing ventilation processing. Thereby, energy consumption can be suppressed. Moreover, since the air to be deodorized by heating is recirculated in the heat exchanging portion Eh and the amount of moisture is reduced, it can be efficiently deodorized while suppressing a decrease in the catalyst temperature.

Before and after performing the ventilation process, the electromagnetic valves 28a and 28b are closed and sealed so as not to evaporate excessively the water in the tank. Thereby, the water | moisture content contained in the organic substance W is discharged | emitted out of the processing tank 10, and it can prevent that the moisture content of the organic substance W falls greatly below the moisture content suitable for fermentation. Moreover, it can suppress that the heat which the organic substance W generate | occur | produced by fermentation decomposition | disassembly is radiated outside the processing tank 10 through the air in the processing tank 10. Further, heat is generated when oxygen in the ventilated air is consumed and fermentation decomposition of the organic matter W proceeds. Decreases the activity of the aerobic bacteria oxygen concentration of the space S ₂ is constant below the temperature of the exotherm subsides the container main body 11 is reduced.

That the temperature decrease due to a decrease in the activity of aerobic bacteria has become a predetermined value or less as measured by the temperature sensor M _T, that one of the ventilation process supplied oxygen is consumed by the aerobic environment is not maintained Detect. As the heat retaining means 29, a heat retaining heater or the like can be used in order to further promote fermentation decomposition of the in-tank environment. However, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to obtain a simple device, the heat retaining means 29 uses a heat storage material having a melting point of about 30 ° C. to 70 ° C. corresponding to the activation temperature of the aerobic microorganism. Thereby, the temperature in the container main body A that has been lowered by the ventilation process can be stored and used at a high temperature of 200 ° C. to 300 ° C. used for deodorization by the catalyst heater 24 or heat generated by fermentation decomposition.

<Gas channel>
The gas flow path in the ventilation process will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The ventilation fan 22 and the electromagnetic valves 28a and 28b are intermittently driven by the control described later. When the catalyst heater 24 is heated and the catalyst 23 is heated so as to deodorize the exhaust, the ventilation fan 22 rotates and the electromagnetic valves 28a and 28b are opened to take outside air into the ventilation duct (wall) 12b. The gas R _1, which is the outside air taken into the container body 11, is heat-exchanged and warmed with the gas R ₄ containing water evaporated from the organic matter W in the heat exchange part Eh above the container body 11 provided in the lid 12. It is done.

State gas R ₁ incorporated into the container main body 11 is warmed by heat exchange is gas R _2, it passes below the heating deodorizing means. The gas R ₂ passes under the catalyst heater 24 and is further heated, and the gas flowing into the space S ₂ in the heated state is indicated as a gas R ₃ . With an oxygen-containing, by gas warmed by the heat exchange unit Eh and the catalyst heater 24 flows into the S _2, aerobic bacteria in organic material W is rapidly regain activity.

The gas R ₄ containing water that has been warmed by the consumption of oxygen from the container body 11 and evaporated from the organic matter W passes through the ventilation duct 12 c, and is exchanged with the gas R ₁ taken from the outside air into the lid (ventilation unit) 12. Perform heat exchange. At this time, due to the temperature difference between the gas R ₁ and the gas R ₄ , dew condensation occurs in the heat exchange part Eh and the ventilation duct 12 d. A large number of metal fins in the heat exchanging portion Eh have high heat conductivity and a large area, so that more moisture is condensed than the ventilation duct 12d. Moisture that has condensed and condensed is dripped directly into the ventilation duct 12d from the heat exchanging part Eh, and is returned to the organic matter W in the container body 11 through the ventilation duct 12c. Each of the heat exchange part Eh, the ventilation duct 12d, and the ventilation duct 12c functions as a reflux part for refluxing moisture contained in the organic matter W independently or integrally. The air R _{5 that} has undergone heat exchange is deodorized and exhausted by the heating deodorizing means Dh.

<Control device>
In FIG. 3, the control apparatus mounted in the organic matter fertilizer processing apparatus A is illustrated. The control means 40 controls each part of the processing apparatus A using various control programs and processing results stored in the memory 41. An operation panel 42 (not shown) is provided in the main body of the processing apparatus A, and the control means 40 sets various control methods for the processing apparatus A by setting the operation content displayed on the operation panel 42. The control means 40 operates by receiving power from a power source (not shown) by the main power switch 43.

Also in the memory 41, the capacity of the space S ₂ which defines the interior of the organic matter treatment apparatus A (volume) or, for comparison with the measured values, such as substantially turned can process maximum capacity so treated is not spilled Is stored. The capacitance sensor Mv measures the volume by not detecting or detecting the signals of the light emitting units 21a, 21b, and 21c having the corresponding heights of the light receiving units 20a, 20b, and 20c, and converts the volume as a measurement result of the processing amount by the control unit 40. . Moreover, the control means 40 can measure the amount of the organic substance W that has been subjected to the input amount or the decomposition process from the mass detected by the weight sensor Mw, and performs a plurality of measurements to detect a change in the amount of the organic substance W. be able to.

  The control means 40 controls the opening / closing of the electromagnetic switching valve 28 by controlling the current to the electromagnetic switching coil 31. The electromagnetic on-off valve 28 includes an intake electromagnetic on-off valve 28a and an exhaust electromagnetic on-off valve 28b, and is controlled so as to maintain hermeticity before and after ventilation. The operations of the ventilation fan motor 32, the stirring motor 33, and the catalyst heater 34 are controlled by the control means 40, respectively. In the embodiment of the present invention, the stirring motor 33 is not operated when measuring the throughput because the measurement is not stable when the organic substance W in the container body 11 moves.

<Agitation treatment>
As described above, in the stirring process, stirring is started at a predetermined cycle, and the stirring process is performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG. The control process of a stirring process is shown below. S represents a step of the control process. The control means 40 instructs each unit to control each process.

In the agitation process, in S11, the control means 40 sets a threshold value T _MR (for example, 10 minutes) of the agitation timer in the control means 40 at a predetermined cycle.

In S12, the control means 40 starts counting the stirring timer T _Mn in the control means 40 and counts as time passes. In S13, it is determined whether the processing amount is being measured using various sensors. If the processing amount is not being measured, the process proceeds to S14, and the stirring motor 33 is rotated to perform stirring. On the other hand, when the processing amount is being measured, the process proceeds to S15 without stirring.

In S15, compares the count value T _Mn stirring timer with a threshold T _MR agitation timer, the process proceeds when S16 the predetermined time has passed, the control means 40, the count value of the agitation timer with a threshold T _MR stirring timer Reset T _Mn to 0. If the predetermined time has not passed, the process returns to S13. After S16, the stirring process is repeated at a predetermined cycle until the fertilizer process is completed.

<Ventilation control>
In order to start the biodegradation treatment of the organic matter W, the organic matter and a small amount of supplement material such as inoculum as needed are mixed and introduced from the opening 11a of the treatment apparatus A. The lid 12 is attached and sealed, and the operation panel 42 is operated to start the disassembling process.

In S101, the control means 40 measures and sets the input amount from the measurement result using the weight sensor Mw and / or the capacitance sensor Mv. At this time, the ventilation counter C _En in the control means 40 is set to zero. The processing amount in the container body 11 is stored in the memory 41.

In S <b> 102, the control unit 40 functions as a unit for controlling the ventilation amount based on the measurement result, and instructs the ventilation fan motor 32 to perform a ventilation process corresponding to the processing amount stored in the memory 41. Details of the processing of S102 are shown in the flowchart of FIG. At this time, every time a ventilation process is performed, one is added to the ventilation counter C _En as the number of ventilation processes.

S102 ventilation process ends with the process proceeds to S103, the temperature of the organic material W by the temperature sensor _{M T,} detecting the temperature change of organic material W. At this time, the control means 40 has the temperature change settled in a state where the catalyst heater 31 is not energized for a predetermined time, and the organic matter itself is 40 to the extent that the heat storage of the organic matter W does not fall below the optimum fermentation temperature by the ventilation process. It is detected that the temperature has fallen from about ℃. As a result, it detects that the oxygen in the space S ₂ which is ventilated in S102 has been performed is oxygen used in the decomposition of organic matter W becomes poverty state.

When the temperature does not change for a predetermined time, the processing amount of the organic matter W after the ventilation process is measured in S104. This measurement determines the remaining ventilation rate. At this time, the information to be referred to can be based on how many times the ventilation process has been performed, the amount of change in the amount of treatment after ventilation, the time required for the temperature change to end, and the like. After the one of the ventilation process, the change in amount of processing to match the number of ventilation counter C _En below the C _ER when within a predetermined threshold value (the change in the amount of processing for example, 1% or less).

In S105, the ventilation counter C _En and the ventilation counter threshold C _ER are compared, and when it is confirmed that the remaining number of ventilations has become 0, the disassembly process ends. On the other hand, in S105, the ventilation counter C _En and the ventilation counter threshold C _ER are compared. If the value of the ventilation counter C _En has not reached the threshold C _ER , the process proceeds to S106, and the ventilation counter threshold is set to 0. Reset and repeat the ventilation process of S102. In S102, a new ventilation amount is set based on the measurement result of the organic matter W remaining in the container body 10 after ventilation.

In addition to the above-described flow, various modifications such as the case where the ventilation frequency is determined at the first input are conceivable. In that case, without the step of resetting the threshold C _ER, when setting the amount of processing, it sets the threshold value C _ER, it is also possible to repeat the ventilation process until ventilation counter C _En reaches the threshold C _ER.

  With reference to FIG. 6, the ventilation process corresponding to the processing amount will be described in detail. Each step is instructed by the control means 40.

In S01, the control section 40, the threshold T _ER of the ventilation timer corresponding to the amount of processing measurement results are stored for ventilation timer in the control unit 40 _(for example, ventilation does not exceed the capacity of the space S ₂ ventilation takes place or, to set the amount) not exceeding the capacity of the organic matter W and the space S ₂ is a volume of approximately the container body 11. In S02, starts counting of the count value _{T En} of the ventilation timer, opens the electromagnetic valve 28 advances to S03, the ventilation fan 22, to continue the ventilation until _{T En} is set threshold _{T ER} in S04 . During this time, the control means 40 functions as a ventilation control means by rotating the ventilation fan motor 32 until the determined ventilation amount is ventilated, and energizing the electromagnetic switching coil 31 to open the electromagnetic switching valve 28. .

S01 reaches the threshold T _ER of the determined ventilation time when the process proceeds to S05, the control unit 40 stops the rotation of the ventilation fan motor 32, closing the solenoid valve 28 stops the energization of the electromagnetic switch coil 31 Put it in a state. In S06, the threshold value _TER and the threshold value T _En are reset to zero. In S07, the ventilation process with the set ventilation volume is performed once, and the ventilation frequency is added to the ventilation timer C _En once. Each time the ventilation process is repeated, the process of FIG. 6 is repeated. If the measured processing volume is different, the ventilation volume is changed and the appropriate ventilation volume is maintained.

  The processing apparatus A thus controlled is sealed before and after the air in the processing tank 10 is ventilated by the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 28. Specifically, in fertilization processing of organic waste, fertilization decomposition is performed while mixing the fertilizer target and oxygen in a processing tank 10 that is sealed and adjusted to an appropriate ventilation rate, and maintaining an aerobic environment. Can proceed. For this reason, it can be efficiently fertilized, and excessive power and excessive water evaporation due to excessive use of a blower or the like can be suppressed. Here, in the present embodiment, after the air in the processing tank 10 is appropriately ventilated by the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 28, the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 28 is closed to shut off the atmosphere of the processing tank 10 and the outside air, thereby the processing tank. 10 can be sealed. As described above, by using the processing apparatus of the present embodiment, the organic matter is fertilized to suppress the input of external energy, and the oxygen necessary for the microorganisms to maintain an aerobic environment efficiently and economically. Can be supplied. In addition, the water necessary for microbial activity and aerobic decomposition, and the dissipation of the heat of fermentation accumulated in the fertilized object are minimized, and the water and temperature of the fertilized object are properly maintained. I can do it.

  The inside of the processing tank A is in a state of being sealed before and after the ventilation treatment so that fermentation decomposition by microorganisms can proceed smoothly, and appropriate moisture without excessive evaporation of moisture from the fertilizer target. It is kept in a state. Therefore, it is not necessary to add water to the fertilizer object and add water. Furthermore, it is not necessary to provide a heater for heating the fertilizer object to the appropriate fermentation temperature necessary for the fermentation decomposition treatment below the treatment tank. In addition, the processing tank 10 is maintained in a sealed state until before and after the ventilation process, so that the environment inside the processing tank 10 is isolated from the environment outside the processing tank while being an optimum processing environment inside the processing tank 10. It is possible to effectively promote the processing of the fertilizer object. Accordingly, even when a ventilation fan is provided, energy consumption can be suppressed and ventilation can be performed efficiently. In addition, the reflux path or the reflux structure for refluxing the moisture of the organic substance W may be variously modified such that the heat exchange part is exposed on the organic substance W as it is. Preferably, the moisture discharge port of the reflux unit is installed at the upper part of the region where the stirring blade of the stirring means can stir, whereby the moisture is refluxed to the organic matter W, and the whole organic matter W has a moisture content suitable for fermentation by stirring. Can keep.

  Therefore, in the fertilizer processing apparatus in the present embodiment, when the oxygen in the organic matter is insufficient due to the fermentation decomposition in the processing tank A and the stagnation of fermentation occurs, the ventilation fan configured in the processing tank A is operated, New air is sent to the fertilizer object. By introducing new air from the outside, oxygen in the processing tank A can be replenished, and carbon dioxide and other gases can be replaced with air introduced from the outside and driven out by the exhaust port. As a result, the aerobic microorganisms are likely to proliferate again, and fertilization can be promoted.

Per this ventilation ventilating fan 22 once, it is preferably carried out by ventilation only significantly exceeding the space occupied by the residual space S ₂ of the processing tank 10. When the organic substance is introduced into the treatment tank at a volume of two-thirds in the treatment tank, ventilation is performed so that the ventilation amount becomes one third in the treatment tank. In this case at least, to control the amount of ventilation per in the processing tank capacity eggplant space in the processing bath (total volume of the residual space S ₂ and the organic substance W) as the maximum value. Therefore, it supplies oxygen necessary for microbial activity, prevents excessive transpiration of moisture necessary for microbial activity, and minimizes the dissipation of fermentation heat accumulated in the processing target, Since the temperature of the chemical conversion object can be appropriately maintained, fertilization can be efficiently promoted.

  At that time, it is preferable to mix the new air introduced from the outside with the organic substance W by operating the stirring means 15 at the same time as performing the ventilation by the control method of the ventilation process. The fertilizer object is uniformly stirred simultaneously with the ventilation process by the stirring means 15. Ventilation allows air containing new oxygen from the outside to be supplied deep inside the object to be fertilized, making it possible to improve the aerobic environment between the particles of the object to be fertilized. Can be promoted more. Moreover, although the timing of ventilation can be suitably adjusted according to the process condition in the processing tank 10, it is preferable to stir at the timing of ventilation. Here, stirring at the timing of ventilation includes the case of stirring at the same time as ventilation. However, stirring may be started before ventilation and ventilation may be performed during stirring, or stirring may be started during ventilation. In any case, the timing of ventilation and agitation is controlled according to the situation in the processing tank 10, and the processing environment in the processing tank 10 is maintained, so that the processing tank 10 that is in a sealed state thereafter is used. It is possible to efficiently and effectively carry out the fertilizer treatment inside.

  In this way, in fertilization of organic waste, fertilization is performed in a sealed treatment tank having a heat insulating structure with water confined in the system as much as possible, and the outside air introduced by ventilation is converted into organic matter. By making it reflux, the water | moisture content of organic substance can be utilized effectively. Furthermore, by intermittently ventilating a predetermined amount every predetermined interval, it is possible to suppress the release to the outside of the system and effectively use the water in the fertilizer object. In addition, it is possible to prevent the heat in the processing container from being dissipated, and it is possible to efficiently promote fertilization. A short period of several weeks compared to the conventional basic method of turning accumulated organic waste and turning it into fertilizer that takes about 3 to 6 months. Thus, it becomes possible to efficiently fertilize the object to be fertilized.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the single-layer type can easily configure the structure for returning water to the organic matter, so that one layer is used as the treatment tank. However, the present invention is also applied to the one having a multi-layer treatment tank. can do. Moreover, although the heating deodorizing means is provided in the upper part of the container body, it is possible to modify the heating deodorizing means adjacent to or outside of the treatment tank or the container body, and effectively use the heat of fermentation and an aerobic environment. In the case of a processing amount that can maintain the above, a deodorizing filter can be used.

  Further, the treatment apparatus of the present invention is preferably used in a fertilizer treatment apparatus that performs fermentation decomposition in order to use organic matter as fertilizer, and also uses input energy by decomposing organic waste and using it in a treatment apparatus for volume reduction treatment. The decomposition process can be efficiently performed by reducing the above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Treatment tank 11 Container body 11a Opening 11b Perimeter wall 11c Bottom wall 11d Thermal insulation wall 12 Lid (ventilation unit)
12a Heat insulation wall 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e Ventilation duct 13 Fastening means 13a Catch 13b Latch lever 14 Sealing means 15 Stirring means 15a Motor 15b Rotating shaft 15c Stirring blades 17a, 17b Hinge 19 Legs 20a, 20b, 20c Light receiving part 21a, 21b, 21c Light-emitting part 22 Ventilation fan 23 Catalyst 24 Catalyst heater 25 Intake port 27 Exhaust port 28 Solenoid valve 31 Electromagnetic switching coil 32 Ventilation fan motor 33 Stirring motor 34 Catalyst heater 40 Control means 41 Memory

A Treatment device W Organic matter (fertilizer object)
S spatial F floor Dh heating deodorizing means Eh heat exchanger Mv capacitive sensors Mw weight sensor M _T catalyst temperature sensor

Claims (10)

A treatment tank for biodegrading organic matter;
A ventilation means connected to the treatment tank for ventilating the air in the treatment tank;
The processing apparatus, wherein the processing tank is in a sealed state before and after the air in the processing tank is ventilated by the ventilation means. A treatment tank for biodegrading organic matter;
Stirring means provided in the processing tank for stirring the organic matter;
A ventilation means connected to the treatment tank for ventilating the air in the treatment tank;
The treatment tank is in a sealed state before and after the air in the treatment tank is ventilated by the ventilation means, and the agitation means agitates the organic substance in the sealed treatment tank. Processing equipment.   The said processing tank is sealed after the said organic substance in the said processing tank is stirred by the said stirring means at the timing which ventilates the air in the said processing tank by the said ventilation means. Processing equipment. Furthermore, the processing apparatus of any one of Claims 1-3 provided with the ventilation control means which controls the ventilation amount by the said ventilation means based on the state of the said organic substance in the said processing tank. The processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the ventilation control unit intermittently ventilates the ventilation unit. The processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the ventilation control unit controls the ventilation amount by setting a capacity of a space formed in the processing tank by the ventilation unit as a maximum value. Furthermore, the processing apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-6 provided with the recirculation | reflux part which recirculate | circulates the water | moisture content condensed with the external air taken in using the said ventilation means in the said processing tank. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation unit includes an opening / closing part that opens and closes a ventilation passage between the processing tank and the outside air. Furthermore, the outer periphery of the said processing tank is provided with a heat insulation part, The processing apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-8 characterized by the above-mentioned. The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
A fertilizer treatment apparatus characterized by being used as a means for fertilizing the organic matter.

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