JP2002224649A - Organic waste fermentation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide organic waste fermentation equipment which conditions the environment good for activation of microorganisms by suppressing the production of condensate in a fermenter and makes it possible to obtain a sufficient deodorization effect by suppressing the corrosion and deterioration of heat source members in deodorization equipment. SOLUTION: The hot air exhaust gas exhausted by the deodorization equipment 6 is circulated in a fermentation unit 2 by upper hot air exhaust gas circulation piping 26 installed in the fermentation unit 2 and a heating chamber 27 and therefore the temperature in the fermentation unit 2 is elevated by the heat released by such piping, by which the temperature difference from the temperature in the fermenter 5 is lessened and the occurrence of the dew condensation in the fermenter 5 is suppressed. Since the heaters and radiation fins of the deodorization equipment 6 are covered, the corrosion and deterioration by odors are prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic waste fermentation apparatus for composting or reducing the amount of organic waste by fermenting the same, and more particularly, it suppresses the generation of dew condensation water in a fermenter and is good for activating microorganisms. The present invention relates to an organic waste fermentation apparatus which can provide a sufficient environment while providing a sufficient deodorizing effect by suppressing corrosion and deterioration of a heat source member in the deodorizing apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, many organic waste fermentation apparatuses have been developed for composting or reducing organic waste such as raw garbage, livestock manure, pruning waste, and the like by fermentation. These organic waste fermentation apparatuses are provided with a fermenter, and the organic waste contained in the fermenter is fermented and decomposed by microorganisms to be composted or reduced in weight. Here, since heat is released during the fermentation decomposition process of the microorganisms, the temperature in the fermenter rises, and a temperature difference occurs between the fermenter and the fermentation unit in which the fermenter is installed. Dew condensation occurs at The dew water due to the dew is absorbed by the organic waste in the fermenter, and the organic waste that has absorbed the dew water becomes a lump mainly in a wet portion, and the density between the particles increases. Therefore, there is a problem that the function as a fermentation tank cannot be performed because the inside air permeability is deteriorated and decay proceeds. Therefore,
There is a type in which a heat source is provided in a fermentation unit in which a fermentation tank is provided, and the temperature difference between the fermentation tank and the fermentation unit is reduced to suppress dew condensation in the fermentation tank.

[0003] In addition, since some fermenters produce odors containing malodorous components such as ammonia, amines, and mercaptans, some fermenters are equipped with a deodorizer employing various deodorization methods to remove such odors. For example, a deodorizing apparatus that employs a method of deodorizing using a platinum catalyst is provided with a surface heater for heating odor, and the odor is heated to a high temperature by the surface heater and is contact-burned with the platinum catalyst at a temperature of about 300 degrees. Malodorous components such as ammonia are decomposed and deodorized.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned fermenter, a heat source for suppressing dew condensation in the fermenter must be provided in the fermentation unit.
There is a problem that the production cost of the organic waste fermentation apparatus increases.

Further, in the deodorizing apparatus, since the odor generated in the fermenter is brought into direct contact with the surface heater to heat the heater, the heater is corroded and deteriorated by ammonia or dust contained in the odor. Such corrosion and deterioration of the heater causes a decrease in the performance of the heater, and there has been a problem that a malodorous component cannot be decomposed and a sufficient deodorizing effect cannot be obtained. Further, since such a surface heater is expensive, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost of the organic waste fermentation apparatus is increased.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and suppresses the generation of dew water in a fermenter to provide a favorable environment for activating microorganisms.
An object of the present invention is to provide an organic waste fermentation apparatus capable of suppressing corrosion and deterioration of a heat source member in a deodorization apparatus and obtaining a sufficient deodorization action.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve this object, an organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 comprises an input port into which organic waste is charged, and an organic waste input into the input port. A fermenter for fermenting to compost or reduce weight;
A deodorizing device for deodorizing by heating the odor generated in the fermenter, wherein the deodorizing device transmits heat generated by the heat source member and heat generated by the heat source member, and the heat generates the heat. A heat transfer member for heating the odor generated in the fermenter.

[0008] According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the first aspect, the organic waste input from the input port is fermented in a fermentation tank and composted or reduced. On the other hand, the odor generated in the fermenter is deodorized by the deodorizer.
Specifically, high-temperature heat generated by the heat source member is transmitted to the heat transfer member, and the odor generated in the fermenter is heated and deodorized by the heat.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the first aspect, the heat transfer member includes a plurality of metal plates having high thermal conductivity.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the first or second aspect, wherein the heat source member is formed in a rod shape, and is disposed so as to penetrate the heat transfer member. Has been established.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the heat source member and the heat transfer member are covered.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the heat source member and the heat transfer member are coated with nickel.

[0013] The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 6 comprises an input port into which the organic waste is charged, a fermenter for fermenting the organic waste input to the input port to make compost or reduce the amount of compost, A fermentation unit having the input port and a fermenter,
A deodorizer that deodorizes by heating the odor generated in the fermenter, and circulates the hot air exhausted by the deodorizer in the fermentation unit.
A hot air exhaust circulation member is provided in the fermentation unit.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus of the present invention, the organic waste fed from the inlet of the fermentation unit is fermented in a fermenter in the fermentation unit to be composted or reduced. On the other hand, the odor generated in the fermenter is deodorized by the deodorizer. Thereafter, the hot air exhausted by the deodorizing device is circulated into the fermentation unit by a hot air exhaust circulation member disposed in the fermentation unit.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the sixth aspect, wherein the hot air exhaust circulation member is a pipe.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the sixth aspect, the hot air exhaust circulation member forms a flow path of the hot air exhaust inside.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of the sixth to eighth aspects, the hot air exhaust circulation member is disposed above the fermentation unit. I have.

An organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 10 is
The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the hot air exhaust circulation member is disposed laterally in the fermentation unit.

An organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 11 is
The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the hot air exhaust circulation member is disposed below the fermentation unit.

An organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 12 is
The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 11, further comprising temperature measuring means for measuring a temperature in the fermenter, wherein the hot air exhaust circulation member is provided in accordance with the temperature measured by the temperature measuring means. A first control device for controlling the circulation of the hot air exhaust circulated by the first control device.

The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 13 is
The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 12, further comprising an outside air supply member that supplies outside air to the fermenter, wherein the hot air exhaust circulation member is provided inside the outside air supply member.

An organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 14 is
14. The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising oxygen concentration measuring means for measuring the oxygen concentration in the fermenter, wherein the oxygen is supplied by the outside air supply member according to the oxygen concentration measured by the oxygen concentration measuring means. A second control device for controlling the supply of external air to be supplied.

The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 15 is
An organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 14, comprising the deodorization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

[0024]

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an organic waste fermentation apparatus 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The organic waste fermentation apparatus 1 has garbage inside,
It is for storing organic waste such as manure and pruning waste of pets and livestock, and fermenting the organic waste to make compost or reduce the weight. In the figure, a part of the internal structure of the organic fermentation apparatus 1 is shown.

As shown in FIG. 1, an organic waste fermentation apparatus 1
A fermenter 5 for fermenting the input organic waste to compost or reduce the amount thereof, and a suction fan 7 for sucking odor generated from the fermenter 5 and supplying the odor to the deodorizer 6. A deodorizing device 6 for deodorizing the odor supplied from the suction fan 7.

The fermenter 5 is formed in a hollow columnar shape and is provided inside the fermentation unit 2. Inside the fermenter 5, a rotating shaft 9 laid horizontally on the fermenter 5, and a stirring rod 11 formed in a rod shape slightly shorter than the diameter of the fermenter 5 with a substantially trapezoidal spatula welded to the end. A temperature sensor 12a for measuring the temperature in the fermenter 5; a temperature sensor 12b for measuring the temperature at the bottom in the fermenter 5; an oxygen concentration sensor 13 for measuring the oxygen concentration in the fermenter 5; The fermenter 5 includes a PH sensor 14 for measuring the PH of the organic waste and a moisture sensor 15 for measuring the moisture of the organic waste in the fermenter 5.

In the fermenter 5, the organic waste inserted from the inlet 8 and stored in the fermenter 5 is driven by the drive box 1.
Rotation of a stirring rod 11 welded to a shaft 9 rotated by a motor (not shown) provided in the inside of the fermenter 5 stirs the floor material provided in the fermenter 5 in advance, thereby ensuring air permeability and ensuring microorganisms. Is fermented and decomposed. Temperature sensor 12a, oxygen concentration sensor 13, PH sensor 14,
Each sensor of the moisture sensor 15 is provided around the lower part of the shaft 9 at the center of the side wall in the fermenter 5 and is provided at a position where it does not contact the stirring rod 11 and where the movement of the processed material is small. I have. In the drawing, the temperature sensor 1
2a is provided on the left side surface, and the other sensors 13, 14, 15
Is disposed on the right side, but there is no limitation on which side the sensors are disposed on the left or right. Each sensor detects the value detected by each sensor in the control box 16 in order to appropriately perform processing according to the state of the processed material in the fermenter 5.
Is displayed.

For example, in order to properly ferment organic waste, it is necessary to reduce the water content of the organic waste to 60 to 65%, and it is determined from the signal of the moisture sensor 15 that excessive moisture is contained. In this case, an environment suitable for fermentation and decomposition by microorganisms can be prepared by mixing organic substances having a low water content such as straw and sawdust. Further, the pH of the processed product for proper fermentation is in the range of pH 5 or more. Therefore, when the value detected by the PH sensor 14 is equal to or lower than PH5, acidification of the processed material can be prevented by mixing organic waste containing a large amount of nitrogen such as feces. Further, the temperature in the fermenter 5 can be grasped by the temperature sensor 12a, and the fermentation state of the processed material in the fermenter 5 can be estimated. The temperature sensor 12b and the oxygen concentration sensor 13 will be described later.

The suction fan 7 is provided inside the fan unit 4 provided above the fermentation unit 2. The suction fan 7 includes an odor suction pipe 18 communicating with the inside of the fermenter 5 on the suction side, and an odor supply pipe 19 connected to the deodorizing device 6 on the discharge side. The odor generated in the processing step of the organic waste in the fermenter 5 is sucked by the suction fan 7 through the odor suction pipe 18 communicating with the fermenter 5. Thereby, the odor in the fermenter 5 is sucked. still,
A dust filter 28 for removing dust and the like generated in the fermentation tank 5 is provided in the middle of the odor suction pipe 18 and the suction fan 7 to prevent the dust and the like from flowing out to the deodorizing device 6. The sucked odor is supplied to the deodorizing device 6 by the suction fan 7 through the odor supply pipe 19.

The deodorizing device 6 is provided in the deodorizing unit 3. The deodorizing unit 3 mainly has an automatic damper for switching whether or not to circulate hot air exhaust from the deodorizing device 6 downward in the fermentation unit 2. 21, an outside air supply duct 23 that supplies outside air to the fermenter 5, and an outside air supply fan 25 that supplies outside air in response to a signal from an oxygen concentration sensor. The deodorizing device 6 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

The odor supplied to the deodorizing device 6 is
, And is oxidized by contact with a platinum catalyst at a temperature of about 300 degrees C., whereby components such as ammonia, amine, and mercaptan, which are malodorous components, are decomposed and deodorized. The deodorized exhaust becomes high-temperature hot air exhaust and is led to the automatic damper 21 via the hot air exhaust pipe 20. Here, a part of the hot air exhaust pipe 20 is exhausted from the upper hot air exhaust circulation pipe 2.
6 feeds the fermentation unit 2 upward.

The upper hot air exhaust circulation pipe 26 taken out from the hot air exhaust pipe 20 is piped above the fermentation unit 2. Therefore, a part of the hot air exhaust gas exhausted by the deodorizing device 6 is piped above the fermentation unit 2 and is reused to increase the temperature in the fermentation unit 2 by the radiant heat radiated from the pipe. be able to. That is, in the fermentation process in the fermenter 5, the temperature in the fermenter 5 increases due to the decomposition action of the microorganism. In such a case, the temperature difference between the temperature in the fermenter 5 and the temperature in the fermentation unit 2 in which the fermenter 5 is provided increases, and dew water is generated in the fermenter 5. Particularly in winter when the outside air temperature is low, the temperature difference becomes large and the amount of dew water generated in the fermenter 5 increases. This condensed water is a factor that destroys the moisture balance in the fermenter 5 and inhibits a favorable composting environment. Therefore, as a means for raising the temperature in the fermentation unit 2, the high-temperature exhaust gas heated by the deodorizing device 6 is circulated and reused in the fermentation unit 2, thereby raising the temperature in the fermentation unit 2 and providing a new heat source. The dew condensation occurring in the fermenter 5 can be suppressed without providing the fermenter 5, and the fermentation environment in the fermenter 5 can be maintained in a favorable state.

In addition, the temperature above the fermentation unit 2 can be raised as a whole. For example, in the case of using a method in which hot air is blown into the fermentation unit 2 from above in the fermentation unit 2 without piping to the upper part in the fermentation unit 2, the entire upper part in the fermentation unit 2 is changed by the wind speed of the exhaust gas. I can't spray it all over. Therefore, by piping the upper hot air exhaust circulation pipe 26 above the fermentation unit 2, the temperature above the fermentation unit 2 can be uniformly increased.

The automatic damper 21 is provided with an atmosphere discharge pipe 22 for discharging hot air exhaust gas sent from the hot air exhaust pipe 20 into the atmosphere.
And a heating chamber 27 for supplying the hot air exhaust to the lower part of the fermentation unit 2. The automatic damper 21 is controlled by a signal from a temperature sensor 12 b provided at the bottom of the fermenter 5, and switches between discharging the hot air exhaust to the atmosphere discharge pipe 22 and supplying the hot air exhaust to the heating chamber 21. That is, when the temperature in the fermenter 5 is higher than the predetermined temperature, the supply of the hot air exhaust to the heating chamber 27 is cut off,
, The hot air exhaust is circulated downward in the fermentation unit 2 and the temperature rise in the fermenter 5 due to heat radiation from the heating chamber 27 is suppressed. On the other hand, when the temperature in the fermenter 5 is lower than the predetermined temperature, the discharge of the hot air exhaust to the atmosphere discharge pipe 22 is shut off, the hot air exhaust is supplied to the heating chamber 27, and the hot air exhausts downward in the fermentation unit 2. The exhaust gas is circulated, and the heat release from the heating chamber 27 promotes a temperature rise in the fermenter 5.

The heating chamber 27 is formed in a substantially box shape.
Inside the box, a regulating plate 27a for regulating the flow of the hot air exhaust supplied by the automatic damper 21 is provided. A plurality of restricting plates 27a are provided, and each restricting plate 27a is arranged so as to partition the inside of the box in parallel at a certain interval, and one end of the restricting plate 27a is configured such that hot-air exhaust is wavy inside the box. The end on the opposite side is opened for each adjacent regulating plate 27a so as to pass through (see the arrow in FIG. 1). Therefore, the hot air exhaust passes through the inside of the box evenly,
Heat the inside of the box almost evenly. By arranging the heating chamber 27 thus configured at the bottom of the fermenter 5, radiant heat is radiated from the entire upper surface of the heating chamber 27, and the radiant heat uniformly spreads the bottom of the fermenter 5. It can be heated.

The outside air supply duct 23 is formed in a substantially hollow rectangular shape, and is disposed so as to include the hot air exhaust pipe 20 inside. The outside air is naturally supplied by one end of the outside air supply duct 23 in the longitudinal direction (the direction of the arrow W in the figure), and the outside air taken into the outside air supply duct 23 is supplied to the outside air supply pipe 24 provided at the other end. Is supplied to the fermenter 5 through the fermenter 5.

Accordingly, the cold air outside is heated by the radiant heat of the hot air exhaust pipe 20 through which the heated exhaust gas passes through the deodorizing device 6. For example, when the temperature in the fermenter 5 is set at around 50 ° C. for processing by the most actively growing microorganisms, supplying cold outside air into the fermenter 5 inhibits the growth of the microorganisms and inhibits the promotion of the fermentation process. Is what you do. Therefore, the preheated outside air is supplied to the fermenter 5
The fermentation process can be promoted without inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. In addition, since the heat required to heat the outside air uses the heat of the hot air exhausted by the deodorizing device 6, there is no need to provide a new heat source device for heating the outside air. Therefore, the organic waste fermentation apparatus 1
Can be manufactured at low cost.

The outside air supply fan 25 is connected to the outside air supply pipe 24.
And operates according to the state of the oxygen concentration in the fermenter 5 based on the signal of the oxygen concentration sensor 13 provided in the fermenter 5. For example, in the fermentation decomposition process, the organic waste is decomposed into carbon dioxide, ammonia, and the like by microorganisms, so that the oxygen concentration in the fermenter decreases. In such a case, the supply of outside air can be increased by the outside air supply fan 25, and the oxygen concentration in the fermenter can be kept constant.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the internal structure of the deodorizing device 6 shown in FIG. 1 (see FIG. 1), and an arrow X in the figure indicates an odor generated in the fermenter 5 to the deodorizing device 6. The supply direction is shown, and the arrow Y indicates the exhaust direction of the hot air exhausted by the deodorizer 6. Note that the deodorizing device 6 in FIG. 2 is obtained by rotating the deodorizing device 6 in FIG. 1 clockwise by 90 degrees. The deodorizing device 6 includes a heater 30 for generating heat, a radiation fin 31 for transmitting heat generated by the heater 30 to exchange heat with odor, and a platinum catalyst device 32 coated with platinum.
And

The heat generated by the heater 30 is transmitted to the radiation fins 31. On the other hand, suction fan 7 (see FIG. 1)
The odor generated in the fermenter 5 (see FIG. 1) is supplied from the direction of the arrow X (left side in the figure) and passes through the radiating fins 31 to exchange heat with the radiant heat from the radiating fins 31. To about 300 ° C. By causing the heated odor to contact and oxidize with a platinum catalyst, malodorous components such as ammonia, amine, and mercaptan contained in the odor are decomposed and deodorized.

Here, the heater 30 is formed by plating the periphery of a rod-shaped tungsten with nickel. Since the surface of the heater 30 is coated with nickel, corrosion and deterioration due to ammonia, dust and the like contained in the odor can be prevented. Further, since the heater 30 is provided so as to penetrate through the radiating fins 31, the space for installing the heater 30 can be omitted and the device can be more compact than when the heater 30 is provided around the radiating fins 31 and heat is transferred to the radiating fins 31. A deodorizing device 6 can be provided. Further, the four heaters 30 are arranged at the center when the surface of the radiation fin 31 is divided into four equal parts in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.
The heat can be evenly transmitted over the entire surface of the fin, and the odor passing through the radiation fins 31 can be heated uniformly. Note that the number of heaters 30 is not limited to four as long as heat can be evenly transmitted to the radiation fins 31.

The radiation fins 31 are made of a cold-rolled steel plate (SPSS) having a high thermal conductivity. Therefore, the heater 3
The heat loss that is lost when transferring heat from zero is small. For example, it is not necessary to improve the heater performance as compared with the case where the odor is directly heated by the surface heater without passing through the radiation fins 31. That is, by heating the odor through the heat radiation fins 31 from the heat from the heater 30, the expensive surface heater becomes unnecessary, and the manufacturing cost of the organic waste fermentation apparatus 1 can be reduced. The radiating fins 31 are connected with a small gap between the cold-rolled steel plates so that their surfaces are parallel to the odor supply direction (the direction of the arrow X). Odor and radiation fins 3
Since the heat exchange with the radiant heat is performed, the contact area between the odor and the radiating fins is increased, and the heat exchange can be performed efficiently. Since the surface of the radiation fin 31 is plated with nickel, it is possible to prevent corrosion and deterioration of the radiation fin 31 due to ammonia, dust, and the like contained in the odor.

The platinum catalyst device 32 has a substantially rectangular shape and the inside thereof is partitioned into a large number of small meshes by a metal plate.
The heated odor passes through one of the small meshes and is contact-oxidized in a limited space with platinum applied to the surface of the metal plate. The area of contact with the material is increased, and deodorization can be performed efficiently. The shape partitioned by the metal plate is not limited to a mesh shape, and may be a circular shape, a square shape, or the like.

Next, the hot air exhaust from the automatic damper 21 provided in the hot air exhaust pipe 20 (FIG. 1) of the organic waste fermenting apparatus 1 configured as described above is supplied to the lower part of the fermentation unit 2 and the atmosphere. The process of switching to release to the air will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The switching process is performed by detecting the temperature in the fermentation tank 5 based on the signal of the temperature sensor 12b provided in the fermentation tank 5 and operating the automatic damper 21 in accordance with the temperature in the fermentation tank 5 to thereby control the fermentation unit 2
This is a process for determining whether or not supply can be performed downward.

In this embodiment, the switching process at the time of starting the fermentation process of the organic waste put into the fermenter 5 will be described. At the start of fermentation process, fermenter 5
It is necessary to stimulate the fermentation process by promoting the growth of microorganisms in the inside. For propagation of such microorganisms, there is a proper reproduction temperature depending on the microorganisms. The appropriate breeding temperature at the start of the fermentation process is about 50 ° C.

For example, first, the temperature in the fermenter 5 is 53 ° C.
It is determined whether or not this is the case (S1). Temperature in fermenter 5
If the temperature is 3 ° C. or more (S1: Yes), the growth of microorganisms in the fermenter 5 is inhibited at a temperature of 53 ° C. or more.
4) Suppress the temperature in the fermenter 5 from becoming 53 ° C. or more. On the other hand, when the temperature in the fermenter 5 is not higher than 53 ° C. (S1: No), it is further determined whether it is lower than 47 ° C. (S2). If the temperature in the fermenter 5 is equal to or lower than 47 ° C. (S2: Yes), the fermentation unit 2 is prevented from growing at a temperature lower than 47 ° C.
Hot air is supplied downward in the inside (S3) to suppress the temperature in the fermenter 5 from falling below 47 ° C.

When the temperature in the fermenter 5 is not higher than 53 ° C. (S1: No), and when the temperature is not lower than 47 ° C. (S2: No), the temperature in the fermenter 5 is 53 ° C.
Below and in the temperature range of 47 ° C. or higher, the microorganisms in the fermenter 5 actively proliferate at a proper reproduction temperature,
Since the fermentation process is accelerated, the damper is maintained as it is.

Next, the flow of composting or reducing the amount of organic waste in the organic waste fermentation apparatus 1 will be described. Organic waste is introduced from an inlet 8 communicating with the fermenter 5,
It is stored in the fermenter 5. The fermenter 5 is provided with a floor material in which microorganisms for fermenting and decomposing the processed material are inhabited in advance.

A motor provided in the drive box 10 rotates the shaft 9, and the processed material is appropriately stirred with the floor material by the stirring rod 11 welded to the shaft 9 so that oxygen is supplied to the entire processed material. Become. In this way, the treated product is fermented and decomposed into water, carbon dioxide, ammonia, etc. by microorganisms,
The processed material is being reduced. And in the case of composting, it is discharged through the discharge port 17 in order to perform secondary fermentation in order to produce high-quality compost. On the other hand, in the case of weight reduction, organic waste is continuously administered to promote further weight reduction.
The processed materials are a temperature sensor 12a, a moisture sensor 14, and a PH sensor.
The state is detected by the sensor 15 and the fermenter 5
By grasping the state of the processed material in the inside, it is possible to take measures to prevent putrefaction due to excessive moisture, acidification, and the like.

On the other hand, the odor generated in the fermentation decomposition process in the fermenter 5 is sucked by the suction fan 7 through the odor suction pipe 18. The sucked odor is the odor supply pipe 19
Is supplied to the deodorizer 6. The odor supplied to the deodorizing device 6 is a radiating fin 31 transmitting the heat from the heater 30.
The odor is heated to around 300 ° C. by the radiant heat, and passes through the platinum catalyst device 32 to contact and oxidize with the platinum catalyst to be deodorized. The exhaust of the hot air deodorized by the deodorizing device 6 is led to a hot air exhaust pipe 20.

Since the hot air exhaust pipe 20 is provided in the outside air supply duct 23, the outside air naturally supplied to the outside air supply duct 23 is heated by the radiant heat of the hot air exhaust pipe 20, and the heated outside air is supplied. Can be supplied into the fermenter 5.
In other words, oxygen supply is indispensable for the propagation of microorganisms, but when such oxygen is to be supplied by outside air, supplying cold outside air into the fermenter 5 requires the supply of microorganisms having a proper breeding temperature. It can be a factor that hinders reproduction. Accordingly, the heat of the hot air exhausted from the deodorizing device 6 is used to heat the outside air, and the heated outside air is supplied into the fermenter 5 to thereby supply oxygen without inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.

A part of the hot air exhaust from the hot air exhaust pipe 20 is supplied to the upper part of the fermentation unit 2 by the upper hot air exhaust circulation pipe 26 and is reused to raise the temperature in the fermentation unit 2. It is used to suppress dew condensation in the fermenter 5 due to a temperature difference from the temperature of the fermenter 5. In addition, the hot air exhaust that has been reused is supplied again by the suction fan 7 to the deodorizer 6 because the upper hot air exhaust circulation pipe 26 is connected to the odor suction pipe 18.

The hot-air exhaust from the hot-air exhaust pipe 20 is discharged to the atmosphere by an atmospheric discharge pipe 22 connected to an automatic damper 21 or supplied to the lower part of the fermentation unit 2 by a heating chamber 27 and processed in the fermenter 5. Used to raise the temperature of an object. The hot air exhaust from the heating chamber 27 is supplied to the fermentation unit 2.
After circulating down the inside, it is discharged to the atmosphere. Here, the supply of the hot air exhaust downward in the fermentation unit 2 is performed by the temperature sensor 12.
This is controlled by operating the damper with the signal from b, thereby preventing the temperature of the processed material in the fermenter 5 from rising above a certain temperature. As mentioned above, the odor generated during composting or weight reduction is treated.

As described above, according to the organic waste fermentation apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the heater 30 coated with nickel is used.
The heat generated from the radiating fins 31 covered with nickel
And the odor generated in the fermenter 5 is burned, so that the heater 30 and the odor are not directly in contact with each other and the corrosion and deterioration of the heater 30 and the radiation fins 31 due to ammonia or dust contained in the odor are suppressed. be able to. Therefore, there is an effect that an insufficient deodorizing effect due to the deterioration of the performance of the heat source member of the heater 30 and the radiation fin 31 due to corrosion and deterioration can be suppressed.

The hot air exhausted by the deodorizing device 6 is circulated in the fermenting unit 2 by the upper hot air exhaust circulating pipe 26 laid in the fermenting unit 2 and the heating chamber 27. The exhausted hot air is used to raise the temperature in the fermentation unit 2, and the heat released from those pipes reduces the temperature difference between the temperature in the fermentation tank 5 and the temperature in the fermentation unit 2. The occurrence of condensation in the fermenter 5 can be suppressed. Also, since the hot air exhaust pipe 20 is provided inside the outside air supply duct 23,
The hot air exhausted by the deodorizer 6 can be used to increase the outside air temperature supplied to the fermentation tank 5, and the pre-heated outside air is supplied to the fermentation tank 5 without inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. It can accelerate the fermentation process.

As described above, the present invention has been described based on the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Can easily be inferred.

In this embodiment, as the hot air exhaust circulation member,
An upper hot air exhaust circulation pipe 26 is provided above the fermentation unit 2 and a heating chamber 27 is provided below the fermentation unit 2 to raise the temperature inside the fermentation unit 2 and reduce the temperature difference from the temperature inside the fermentation tank 5. Thus, the occurrence of dew condensation in the fermenter 5 is prevented. However, the hot air exhaust circulation member is not necessarily limited to the upper part and the lower part of the fermentation unit 2.
May be provided with a side hot air exhaust circulation pipe. Further, a new outlet may be provided from the upper hot air exhaust circulation pipe 26 or the lower hot air exhaust circulation pipe 27, and a side hot air exhaust circulation pipe may be provided on the side of the fermentation unit 2. By providing the hot air exhaust circulation pipe in the entire fermentation unit 2 in this manner, the temperature in the fermentation unit 2 is easily increased, and dew condensation in the fermentation tank 5 can be more effectively suppressed.

In this embodiment, an automatic damper 21 is provided for the supply to the heating chamber 27, and the supply of hot air to the fermentation unit 2 is controlled to control the heating action on the organic waste in the fermentation tank 5. Promotes the activation of microorganisms. However, the automatic damper 21 for controlling the circulation of the hot air exhaust is not limited to being provided only in the heating chamber 27. When the upper hot air exhaust circulation pipe 26 and the side hot air exhaust pipe are provided, the side hot air exhaust circulation is not required. An automatic damper may be provided for each pipe. Thereby, for example, when the temperature difference between the temperature in the fermentation unit 2 and the temperature in the fermentation tank 5 is small and there is no risk of dew condensation in the fermentation tank 5, the circulation of each hot air exhaust circulation pipe is stopped, Suction fan 7 by circulating
Of the fermentation unit 2 can be prevented from increasing.

In this embodiment, a temperature sensor 12a is provided at the center of the side wall of the fermenter 5, and the detected value is used as the temperature in the fermenter 5 to estimate the state of the processed material in the fermenter 5.
However, the temperature sensor 1 provided at the bottom in the fermenter 5
2b or a new temperature sensor is provided at the bottom of the fermenter 5 and the average value of the measured values of the two temperature sensors at the center and the bottom of the fermenter 5 is used, so that the processed product can be more accurately processed. Can be inferred. The same applies to the oxygen concentration sensor 13, the PH sensor 14, and the moisture sensor 16.

[0060]

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the first aspect, the heat generated in the heat source member is transmitted to the heat transfer member and heats the odor generated in the fermentation tank. In addition, it is possible to suppress corrosion and deterioration of the heat source member due to ammonia, dust and the like contained in the odor without being contacted. Therefore, there is an effect that it is possible to suppress an insufficient deodorizing effect due to a decrease in performance of the heat source member due to corrosion and deterioration of the heat source member.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus of the second aspect, in addition to the effect of the organic waste fermentation apparatus of the first aspect, the heat transfer member is made of a metal plate having a high heat conductivity. Therefore, the heat loss that is lost when transferring heat from the heat source member can be suppressed to a minimum. Therefore, compared with the case where the heat source member is directly contacted with the odor, even when the heat generated by the heat source member is brought into contact with the odor via the heat transfer member, the odor is heated without increasing the performance of the heat source member. There is an effect that can be.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the third aspect, in addition to the effects of the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the first or second aspect, the heat source member is formed in a rod shape, and heat transfer is achieved. Since the heat source member is disposed so as to penetrate the member, a space for disposing the heat source member is not required as compared with a case where the heat source member is disposed around the heat transfer member, and a compact organic waste fermentation apparatus can be provided. This has the effect. Further, for example, by disposing the heat source members evenly on the heat transfer member, the temperature distribution on the heat transfer member can be made uniform. Therefore, when the odor is brought into contact with the heat transfer member and deodorized, there is an effect that the odor can be uniformly deodorized.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus of the fourth aspect, in addition to the effects of the organic waste fermentation apparatus of the first aspect, the heat source member and the heat transfer member are covered. Therefore, corrosion and deterioration of the heat source member and the heat transfer member due to the odor can be suppressed without being in direct contact with the odor. Therefore, there is an effect that a decrease in performance of the heat source member and the heat transfer member can be suppressed.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus of the fifth aspect, in addition to the effect of the organic waste fermentation apparatus of any one of the first to fourth aspects, furthermore, the coating of the heat source member and the heat transfer member is achieved. Is made of nickel, so that the raw material cost required for coating can be reduced and the coating process can be facilitated. Therefore, there is an effect that the manufacturing cost of the organic waste fermentation apparatus can be reduced.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus of the present invention, the hot air exhausted by the deodorizer is circulated in the fermentation unit by the hot air exhaust circulation member disposed in the fermentation unit. The hot air exhaust exhausted by the above can be reused to raise the temperature in the fermentation unit. That is, in the fermentation process in the fermenter, the temperature in the fermenter increases due to the decomposition action of the microorganism. In such a case, the temperature difference between the temperature in the fermenter and the temperature in the fermentation unit in which the fermenter is provided increases, and dew water is generated in the fermenter. Particularly in winter when the outside air temperature is low, the temperature difference becomes large and the amount of dew water generated in the fermenter increases. This condensed water is a factor that destroys the moisture balance in the fermenter and impedes a favorable composting environment. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the temperature difference between the temperature in the fermentation unit and the temperature in the fermentation tank in order to suppress the condensation in the fermentation tank.

However, eliminating such a temperature difference by providing a new heat source in the fermentation unit increases the production cost of the organic waste fermentation apparatus. Therefore,
As a means for raising the temperature in the fermentation unit, the high-temperature exhaust gas heated by the deodorizer is circulated and reused in the fermentation unit to increase the temperature in the fermentation unit, and the fermenter can be provided without providing a new heat source. It is possible to suppress the dew condensation occurring in the inside. Therefore, there is an effect that the fermentation environment in the fermenter can be favorably maintained without increasing the production cost of the organic waste fermentation apparatus.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the seventh aspect, in addition to the effect of the organic exhaust fermentation apparatus according to the sixth aspect, since the hot air exhaust circulation member is a pipe, for example, the inside of the fermentation unit In the case of the method of blowing hot air exhaust, it is not possible to blow all over the fermentation unit due to the wind speed of the hot air exhaust. Therefore, by piping the hot air exhaust circulation member in the fermentation unit, there is an effect that the temperature in the fermentation unit can be uniformly increased.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the eighth aspect, in addition to the effect of the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the sixth aspect, the hot air exhaust circulation member further includes a hot air exhaust flow passage therein. Since the hot air exhaust is formed, the hot air exhaust uniformly passes through the inside of the hot air exhaust circulation member, and heats the inside thereof almost uniformly. By arranging the hot air exhaust circulation member configured as described above in accordance with the size of the fermentation unit, there is an effect that the inside of the fermentation unit can be uniformly heated.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the ninth aspect, in addition to the effect of the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of the sixth to eighth aspects, the hot air exhaust circulation member further comprises:
Since it is arranged above the fermentation unit, there is an effect that the temperature above the inside of the fermentation unit can be raised as a whole.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus of the tenth aspect, in addition to the effect of the organic fermentation apparatus of any one of the sixth to ninth aspects, the hot air exhaust circulation member further includes a hot air exhaust circulation member. Since it is arranged on the side, the temperature distribution in the fermentation unit can be more evenly distributed.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the eleventh aspect, in addition to the effects of the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of the sixth to tenth aspects, the hot air exhaust circulation member further comprises the fermentation unit. Because it is located below in
The organic waste in the fermenter can be heated by radiant heat from the hot air exhaust circulation member. That is, for example, in the initial stage of the fermentation process, it is desirable to increase the temperature in the fermenter to a temperature suitable for growth in order to stimulate the growth of microorganisms and promote the fermentation process. In such a case, the radiant heat of the hot air exhaust circulation member piped down in the fermentation unit has the effect of increasing the temperature inside the fermenter, promoting the growth of microorganisms, and preparing a favorable fermentation environment. .

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the twelfth aspect, in addition to the effect of the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of the sixth to eleventh aspects, the temperature measured by the temperature measuring means is further reduced. Accordingly, since the first control device that controls the circulation of the hot air exhaust circulated by the hot air exhaust circulation member is provided, the circulation of the hot air exhaust according to the temperature condition in the fermenter can be controlled. That is, for example, in the early stage of the fermentation process, it is desirable to increase the temperature in the fermenter to a temperature suitable for growth in order to activate the propagation of microorganisms and promote the fermentation process. In such a case, the hot air exhaust from the deodorizing device is circulated to the hot air exhaust circulating member disposed below the fermentation unit by the first control device, and the temperature of the fermenter is increased by radiant heat from the hot air exhaust circulating member. There is an effect that the fermentation process can be promoted. In addition, when the fermentation process proceeds to some extent and the temperature in the fermenter rises, there is an effect that the circulation to the bottom of the fermentation unit can be stopped by the first control device.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the thirteenth aspect, in addition to the effect of the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of the sixth to twelfth aspects, the hot air exhaust circulation member further includes an outside air supply member. , The outside air supplied to the fermenter can be raised by radiant heat from the hot air exhaust circulation member. That is, for example, in the case of growing microorganisms most suitable when the temperature in the tank is around 50 ° C., supplying cold outside air into the fermentation tank hinders the growth of microorganisms and hinders the promotion of the fermentation process. is there. Therefore, by supplying the preheated outside air into the fermenter, the fermentation process can be promoted without inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. Further, since the heat required to heat the outside air utilizes the heat of the hot air exhausted by the deodorizing device, there is no need to provide a new heat source device for heating the outside air. Therefore, there is an effect that an increase in the manufacturing cost of the organic waste fermentation apparatus can be suppressed.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the fourteenth aspect, in addition to the effect of the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the thirteenth aspect, the outside air supply member according to the oxygen concentration measured by the oxygen concentration measurement means. Since the second control device that controls the supply of the supplied outside air is provided, it is possible to control the supply of the outside air according to the state of the oxygen concentration in the fermenter. For example, in the fermentation decomposition process, the organic waste is decomposed into carbon dioxide, ammonia, and the like by microorganisms, so that the oxygen concentration in the fermenter decreases. In such a case, there is an effect that the supply of outside air is increased by the second control device and the oxygen concentration in the fermenter can be kept constant.

According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the fifteenth aspect, in addition to the effects achieved by the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of the sixth to fourteenth aspects, furthermore, the organic waste fermentation apparatus according to the first aspect further includes: Since the deodorizing device described above is provided, the same effects as the effects of the organic waste fermenting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 described above can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an organic waste fermentation apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an internal configuration diagram of the deodorizing device.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a switching process performed by an automatic damper of the organic waste fermentation apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Organic waste fermentation apparatus 2 Fermentation unit 5 Fermenter 6 Deodorizer 8 Input port 12a, b Temperature sensor (temperature measurement means) 15 Oxygen concentration sensor (oxygen concentration measurement means) 21 Automatic damper (first control device) 23 Supply of outside air Duct (outside air supply member) 24 outside air supply pipe (outside air supply member) 25 outside air supply fan (second control device) 26 upper hot air exhaust circulation pipe (hot air exhaust circulation member) 27 heating chamber (hot air exhaust circulation member) 30 heater (heat source) Member) 31 Radiation fin (Heat transfer member)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (Reference) C12M 1/36 C12M 1/38 A 1/38 B09B 3/00 ZABD (72) Inventor Kazuya Nakajima Nagoya Ms Show Co., Ltd. 1-44-2 Shirokane, Showa-ku (72) Inventor Hirokazu Ishikawa 232-1 Abe, Ano-cho, Aki-gun, Mie Prefecture F-term (reference) 4B029 AA03 BB01 CC07 EA12 EA14 EA20 4D004 AA02 AA03 AA12 AC04 BA04 CA15 CA19 CA22 CA48 CB04 CB28 CB32 CB44 CC08 DA01 DA02 DA06 DA09 DA10 4D059 AA01 AA07 BA03 BA05 BA07 BA27 BA56 BJ03 CA16 CC01 EA09 EA10 EB09 EB10

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. An input port into which organic waste is charged, a fermenter for fermenting the organic waste input to the input port to make compost or reduce the amount of waste, and an odor generated in the fermenter. In the organic waste fermentation apparatus provided with a deodorization device that deodorizes the heat source member, the deodorization device transmits heat generated by the heat source member and heat generated by the heat source member, and the heat generates heat in the fermentation tank. An organic waste fermentation apparatus, comprising: a heat transfer member for heating generated odor. 2. The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer member is constituted by a plurality of metal plates having high thermal conductivity. 3. The heat source member is formed in a rod shape,
The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is disposed so as to penetrate the heat transfer member. 4. The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat source member and the heat transfer member are covered. 5. The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat source member and the heat transfer member are coated with nickel. 6. A fermenter having an input port into which an organic waste is charged, a fermenter for fermenting the organic waste input to the input port to make compost or reduce the weight, and the input port and the fermenter. Unit, and in an organic waste fermentation apparatus equipped with a deodorization device that deodorizes by heating the odor generated in the fermentation tank, the hot air exhausted by the deodorization device is circulated in the fermentation unit. An organic waste fermentation apparatus comprising a hot air exhaust circulation member disposed in a fermentation unit. 7. The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the hot air exhaust circulation member is a pipe. 8. The hot air exhaust circulation member has a flow path for the hot air exhaust formed therein.
The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 1. 9. The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the hot air exhaust circulation member is disposed above the inside of the fermentation unit. 10. The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the hot air exhaust circulation member is disposed on a side of the fermentation unit. 11. The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the hot air exhaust circulation member is arranged below the inside of the fermentation unit. 12. A temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature in the fermenter, wherein the circulation of the hot air exhaust circulated by the hot air exhaust circulating member is controlled according to the temperature measured by the temperature measuring means. The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 11, further comprising a first control device. 13. The apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising an outside air supply member for supplying outside air to the fermenter, wherein the hot air exhaust circulation member is provided inside the outside air supply member. An organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of the above. 14. An oxygen concentration measuring means for measuring an oxygen concentration in the fermenter, wherein supply of outside air supplied by the outside air supply member is performed according to the oxygen concentration measured by the oxygen concentration measuring means. The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising a second control device for controlling. 15. A deodorizing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the deodorizing device is provided.
The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to any one of the above.