JP2013057197A - Variable elastic body restriction degree structure and bearing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop perpendicular spring performance matching wide-range input from a low load to a high load.SOLUTION: A variable elastic body restriction degree structure includes an upper shoe 11, a lower shoe 12, an elastic body 13 arranged between the upper shoe 11 and lower shoe 12, and an elastic deformation restriction body 16 which surrounds the elastic body 13 at a position a side face of the elastic body 13 having elastically deformed comes close or abuts. A projection part 14 or recess part 15 along a height direction is formed on the side face of the elastic body 13. The elastic body 13 is surrounded with the upper shoe 11, lower shoe 12, and elastic deformation restriction body 16 to be put in a semi-sealed state, and changes into a higher sealed state as a load on the elastic body 13 increases.

Description

  The present invention relates to an elastic body restraint degree variable structure that supports various structures such as buildings and bridges and a support device using the same.

  2. Description of the Related Art A bearing device for a structure such as a building or a bridge includes a rubber bearing in which rubber plates and iron plates are alternately stacked and bonded together by vulcanization bonding (see Patent Document 1). In the rubber bearing, by constraining the displacement of the rubber, a device for improving the vertical spring rigidity and a device for improving the rotation follow-up performance are made. For example, in rubber bearings, rubber plates and iron plates are alternately laminated and vulcanized and bonded to reduce the fluidity of rubber and increase the rigidity of the vertical spring.

  Also, in the sealed rubber bearing, the rubber plate is placed in the metal pot that serves as the lower shell, and the piston-shaped upper flange is placed on the rubber plate so that the rubber plate behaves in an incompressible fluid. It is comprised so that rotation tracking performance may be acquired by being restrained (refer patent document 2). This sealed rubber bearing is handled as a metal bearing because it does not have vertical flexibility.

  Furthermore, in so-called compact bearings, in order to support a large vertical load, a concave portion is provided on each of the opposing surfaces of the upper and lower collars, and a rubber layer is disposed in each concave portion. Is prevented from bulging outward in the radial direction due to bending deformation, thereby improving the vertical spring rigidity (see Patent Document 3).

JP 2000-1820 A JP 2000-178922 A JP 2009-13773 A

  An object of this invention is to provide the elastic body restraint degree variable structure and support apparatus which can support a high load, expressing moderate vertical flexibility according to the load from a load.

  Specifically, it is an object of the present invention to provide an elastic body restraint degree variable structure and a bearing device capable of expressing vertical spring performance suitable for a wide range of inputs from low loads to high loads.

  It is another object of the present invention to provide an elastic body restraint degree variable structure and a support device that can realize good rotation followability while increasing surface pressure.

  Further, the present invention provides an elastic body restraint degree variable structure in which an elastic body can be easily inserted into a pot portion constituted by any rigid body and an elastic deformation restraint body, and an improvement in assembly efficiency can be realized. An object is to provide a bearing device.

  The elastic body restraint degree variable structure according to the present invention is used as a support device for supporting various structures such as buildings and bridges, and includes a first rigid body, a second rigid body, and the first rigid body. An elastic body disposed between the elastic body and the second rigid body, and an elastic deformation restraining body that surrounds the elastic body at a position where a side surface of the elastic body that is elastically deformed approaches or contacts. And the convex part or recessed part along a height direction is formed in the side surface of the said elastic body, and / or the restraint surface of the said elastic deformation restraint body. When the input is greater than a predetermined value, the elastic body is elastically deformed so as to reduce the volume of the gap created by the convex portion and the concave portion, and the deformed elastic body becomes the elastic deformation restraining body. The deformation of the elastic body is constrained by contact and / or pressure contact. For example, the elastic body is surrounded by the first rigid body, the second rigid body, and the elastic deformation restraining body to be in a semi-sealed state, and the higher the load on the elastic body, the more advanced the elastic body. It changes to a sealed state. In such an elastic body constraint degree variable structure, when a load is input, the elastic body is deformed so as to fill a gap formed by the concave portions between the convex portions according to the magnitude of the input. The degree to which the portion comes into pressure contact with the restraining surface of the elastic deformation restraining body increases. The elastic deformation restraining body restrains such deformation of the elastic body.

  The elastic body is formed so that the diameter of at least one end face is minimized, and the one end face is housed in a pot portion configured by the elastic deformation restraining body. The elastic body has the convex portion or the concave portion formed along the height direction. That is, the direction in which the convex portion or the concave portion is provided is the same as the insertion direction into the pot portion. Therefore, the elastic body has a smaller resistance at the time of insertion than the case where the convex portion and the concave portion are provided around the elastic body in the circumferential direction (a direction perpendicular to the height direction) in the pot portion. And can be inserted smoothly. For example, the elastic body is formed so that the diameter of at least one end face is minimized, and the one end face is used as an insertion face into the pot portion constituted by the elastic deformation restraining body. Thereby, the said elastic body can be easily inserted in the said pot part. Further, the elastic body can be formed in a barrel shape so that the diameter of the substantially central portion in the height direction is maximized, that is, in a barrel shape. Also in this case, at least one end surface has a minimum diameter, and can be easily inserted into the pot portion.

  The elastic body may be configured by a laminated structure in which an elastic layer and a reinforcing plate are stacked, or may be configured by a single elastic layer without including the reinforcing plate.

  The support device according to the present invention includes a first rigid body, a second rigid body, an elastic body disposed between the first rigid body and the second rigid body, and a side surface of the elastic body that is elastically deformed. Elastic deformation restraining body surrounding the elastic body at a position where the elastic body approaches or abuts, and a convex portion or a concave portion along the height direction is formed on the side surface of the elastic body and / or the restraining surface of the elastic deformation restraining body. Is formed. As a structure of the support device, for example, a core material is provided in either the first rigid body or the second rigid body, and the core material includes a lifting prevention portion and a horizontal displacement prevention portion. I can do it.

  In such a support device, when a predetermined amount or more is input, the elastic body constraint degree variable structure elastically deforms so that the elastic body reduces the volume of the gap created by the convex portion and the concave portion, In addition, the deformed elastic body is brought into contact with and / or pressed against the elastic deformation restraining body, and the deformation of the elastic body is restrained.

  In the present invention, the elastic body is surrounded by the first rigid body, the second rigid body, and the elastic deformation restraining body to form a semi-sealed space portion, and a small bearing such as a sealed rubber bearing. A vertical flexible displacement with respect to a vertical load can be realized by providing a convex portion or a concave portion on the restraining surface of the elastic body or the elastic deformation restraining body and providing a gap while realizing a high load bearing in an area. In addition, during the rotation action, the elastic body is deformed by the gaps between the convex portions or the concave portions, and good rotation followability can be realized.

  In addition, by providing convex portions or concave portions on the restraint surface of the elastic body or elastic deformation restraint body and providing a gap, the amount of vertical displacement increases as the vertical load increases. The inclination (constraint degree or spring constant) of the graph representing the magnitude of the vertical load reaction force with respect to the displacement increases as the vertical displacement or the vertical load increases. As described above, in the present invention, the vertical displacement is increased as the load is increased by setting the gap created by the concave portion and the convex portion provided between the restraint surface of the elastic deformation restraint body and the side surface of the elastic body. It is possible to support the superstructure with such a characteristic that the increase amount of is small, that is, the degree of restraint is variable. Further, the smaller the gap is, the narrower the range (primary gradient) of the slope of the graph representing the magnitude of the vertical load reaction force with respect to the vertical displacement can be set. For example, when a heavy load is applied, for example, when a live load is applied in addition to a dead load, the vertical flexible displacement is reduced, and it behaves like a sealed rubber bearing. It is possible to reduce vibration and noise when the vehicle passes due to a step (displacement). It should be noted that the bearing device of the present invention can be treated as belonging to the elastic bearing device because there is vertical deflection at low load.

  Further, the elastic body is housed in a pot portion constituted by either the first rigid body or the second rigid body and the elastic deformation restraining body. As for the elastic body, the convex part or the recessed part is formed along the thickness direction. That is, the direction in which the convex portion or the concave portion is provided is the same as the insertion direction into the pot portion. Therefore, the elastic body has a smaller resistance at the time of insertion than the case where the pot portion is provided with a convex portion and a concave portion around the elastic body in a circumferential direction (a direction perpendicular to the height direction), and smoothly. It can be inserted, and the position of the elastic body with respect to the pot portion can be easily set with high accuracy.

It is sectional drawing which shows the normal use condition of the support apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is a perspective view of the elastic body which provided the linear convex part and the recessed part in the side surface to which this invention is applied. It is a perspective view of the elastic body which provided the wavy line convex part and the recessed part in the side surface to which this invention is applied. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the support device before installation (before a load is applied) between the upper structure and the lower structure, and a gap between the convex portion of the elastic body side surface and the restraint surface of the elastic deformation restraint body is not present. Indicates the state of contact. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the support device before being installed between the upper structure and the lower structure (before a load is applied), and a gap between the convex portion of the elastic body side surface and the restraint surface of the elastic deformation restraint body is applied. The contact state is shown. It is a characteristic graph which shows the relationship between the amount of displacements of a perpendicular direction, and a vertical load. It is a figure which shows the truncated cone-shaped elastic body which made the insertion surface the minimum diameter, (A) is a perspective view of an elastic body, (B) is a perspective view which shows the insertion state to a pot part. It is a figure which shows a barrel-shaped elastic body, (A) is a perspective view of an elastic body, (B) is a perspective view which shows the insertion state to a pot part. It is a figure which shows the modification which provided the convex part of the circumference direction in the barrel-shaped elastic body of FIG. 8, (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a top view. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus using a laminated elastic body. (A)-(E) is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the reinforcement board of a laminated | stacked elastic body. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus which the core material penetrated the upper collar. It is a modification of FIG. 12, and is sectional drawing of the support apparatus which fixed the elastic deformation restraint body to the lower collar. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the support apparatus which is not penetrated in any of upper / lower cores. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus which made FIG. 14 more concrete. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus which provided the convex part or the recessed part in the restraint surface of an elastic deformation restraint body. (A)-(D) is sectional drawing which shows the example which provided the recessed part and the convex part in both the elastic body and the elastic deformation | transformation restraint body.

  Hereinafter, a bearing device to which an elastic body constraint degree variable structure according to the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings. Hereinafter, the support device will be described in the following order.

1. 1. Explanation of bearing device 2. Description of elastic body and elastic deformation restraint body 3. Explanation of operation of bearing device 4. Description of modification of elastic body 5. Explanation of laminated elastic body 6. Description of modification of reinforcing plate Modification 1 of bearing device
8). Modification 2 of bearing device
9. Modification 3 of bearing device
10. Modification 4 of bearing device
11. Other variations

[1. Description of bearing device]
As shown in FIG. 1, a bearing device 10 is mounted between an upper structure 1 such as a bridge girder and a lower structure 2 such as a bridge pier or an abutment to support various loads such as a horizontal load, a vertical load, and a rotational load. At the same time, it is a bridge support device that supports and absorbs and disperses vibrations, vibrations and stresses caused by earthquakes, winds, dynamic or static traffic loads, and the like. In the support device 10, an elastic body 13 serving as a support body is interposed between an upper collar 11 serving as a first rigid body and a lower collar 12 serving as a second rigid body. The elastic body 13 is surrounded by an elastic deformation restraining body 16 fixed to the upper collar 11 or the lower collar 12 (here, the upper collar 11).

  The upper arm 11 is preferably made of a rigid material such as metal, ceramics, or a hard resin or a reinforced resin such as FRP, but is not necessarily limited to a rigid material. It can also be configured by a material combining the above. The upper collar 11 made of various materials can be set to an appropriate shape such as a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially circular shape, a substantially oval diameter, or a substantially elliptical shape in plan view. It is advantageous in terms of replacement from the top or construction. In addition, you may comprise the upper collar 11 so that an outer surface may be entirely covered with coating layers, such as an elastic body, and a weather resistance and a rust prevention effect may be acquired.

  As a means for fixing the upper collar 11 to the upper structure 1, the upper collar 11 may be directly secured to the upper structure using fastening means such as bolts and nuts. The upper plate 11 is indirectly fixed to the upper structure 1 using the upper plate 3 having a plate shape with a larger area. The method for fixing the upper collar 11 to the upper structure 1 is not limited to these examples.

  When used as a movable support device, the sliding member 4 is disposed above the upper rod 11, for example, between the upper rod 11 and the upper plate 3, so that the upper structure 1 and the support device 10 are relative to each other. You may fix so that displacement is possible. As the sliding member 4, for example, a plate having a surface with a low coefficient of friction such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) which is a kind of fluorocarbon resin is fixed to the upper surface of the upper collar 11, or It can be configured by being fixed to the upper structure 1 or the lower surface on the attachment means side fixed to the upper structure 1.

  The lower arm 12 is preferably composed of a rigid material such as metal, ceramics, or a reinforced resin such as a hard resin or FRP, but is not necessarily limited to a rigid material. It can also be formed of a combination of a rigid material and an elastic material. The lower bar 12 made of various materials can be set to an appropriate shape such as a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially circular shape, a substantially oval diameter, or a substantially oval shape in plan view. It is advantageous in terms of top, construction, and replacement. The planar shape or the like of the lower eyelid 12 does not necessarily match the upper eyelid 11, but the size of each part, the shape and position of the convex portion and the recessed portion, etc. match the setting of the lower eyelid 12 and the setting of the upper eyelid 11. It is necessary to let In addition, the lower eyelid 12 can also be comprised so that an outer surface may be entirely covered with coating layers, such as an elastic body, and a weather resistance and a rust prevention effect may be acquired.

  As a means for fixing the lower rod 12 to the lower structure 2, the lower rod 12 may be directly fixed to the lower structure 2 using fastening means such as bolts and nuts. The lower collar 12 is indirectly fixed to the lower structure 2 using lower fixing means such as the lower plate 5 having a plate shape larger than 12. The method for fixing the lower rod 12 to the lower structure 2 is not limited to these examples.

  When used as a movable bearing device, a sliding member 6 is disposed below the lower rod 12, for example, between the lower plate 5 and the lower rod 12, so that the lower structure 2 and the bearing device 10 are relative to each other. You may fix so that displacement is possible. As the sliding member 6, for example, a plate having a low coefficient of friction surface such as PTFE is fixed to the lower surface of the lower rod 12, or the lower structure 2 or the lower structure 2 is fixed. It is possible to fix to the upper surface on the means side.

  The direct or indirect fixing of the upper rod 11 and the lower rod 12 is preferably a detachable method, and fastening with bolts, nuts, etc. is an example.

[2. Explanation of elastic body and elastic deformation restraint body]
As the elastic body 13, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, thermoplastic elastomer or thermosetting elastomer can be used, and among these, natural rubber is preferably used as a main component. Specific elastomer components include, for example, natural rubber (NR), polyisoprene rubber (IR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), ethylene-propylene rubber, butyl rubber ( IIR), halogenated butyl rubber (brominated, chlorinated, etc.), acrylic rubber, polyurethane, silicone rubber, fluorinated rubber, polysulfide rubber, hyperon, ethylene vinyl acetate rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer, styrene series Elastomer, urethane elastomer, polyolefin elastomer, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS), epoxidized natural rubber, trans-polyisoprene, norbornene Ring polymer (polynorbornene), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), high styrene resin, a rubber such as isoprene rubber alone, or may be used in combination of two or more.

  The elastic body 13 shown in FIG. 2 has, for example, a cylindrical shape and one (single layer) elastic layer in which a rigid reinforcing plate such as an iron plate is not provided. The elastic body 13 is provided with linear convex portions 14 and concave portions 15 along the height (thickness) direction on the side surface at equal intervals in parallel with each other in the circumferential direction. In addition, although the convex part 14 and the recessed part 15 may be comprised continuously in the height (thickness) direction as shown in FIG. 2, you may be intermittent in a height direction. Further, the intervals in the circumferential direction between the linear protrusions 14 and the recesses 15 may not be equal.

  Further, the elastic body 13 shown in FIG. 3 also has a cylindrical shape and has a single elastic layer (single layer) in which no reinforcing plate is provided. The elastic body 13 is provided with wavy convex portions 14 and concave portions 15 along the height (thickness) direction on the side surface at equal intervals in parallel with each other in the circumferential direction. In addition, although the convex part 14 and the recessed part 15 may be comprised continuously in the height direction, as shown in FIG. 3, it may be intermittent in the height direction. Further, the circumferential interval between the wavy convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 may not be equal.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, the elastic body 13 as described above is disposed on the lower collar 12 and supported by the lower collar 12. The elastic body 13 may be bonded to the upper collar 11 and the lower collar 12 to increase the bearing pressure. However, by not bonding, the elastic follower 13 can also achieve good rotation followability.

  The elastic body 13 is surrounded by an elastic deformation restraining body 16 as shown in FIG. The elastic deformation restraining body 16 is a cylindrical body having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the elastic body 13, and is fixed to either the upper collar 11 or the lower collar 12, or the outer periphery of the upper collar 11 in FIG. 1. For example, the upper rod 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 may be coupled by using a fixing means 16b such as a bolt and a nut. As the fixing means 16b, either one of the upper collar 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 is provided with a male screw, and the other is provided with a female screw. Further, it can be performed by a conventionally known bonding method or the like. The tip of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 on the lower collar 12 side is located outside the outer periphery of the lower collar 12 and is not fixed. As a result, the upper rod 11 can move vertically downward while compressing the elastic body 13 when a vertical load is input. That is, the elastic body in which the lower collar 12 is disposed between the upper collar 11 and the lower collar 12 because the tip of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 on the lower collar 12 side is positioned outside the outer peripheral portion of the lower collar 12. The function which suppresses the shear deformation of 13 and the role of the piston which restrains the elastic body 13 in a substantially sealed state and increases the bearing pressure are realized. Thus, the elastic body 13 supported by the lower collar 12 is surrounded by the upper collar 11 on the upper surface and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 on the side surface, and is disposed in a semi-sealed space. The bearing device 10 is a semi-sealed rubber bearing, and can support a high load with a small bearing area.

  The assembly method of the support device 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 1. First, the upper collar 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 are coupled using the fixing means 16b to form the pot portion 11a for housing the elastic body 13. To do. And after mounting the elastic body 13 on the lower collar 12, the elastic body 13 is inserted in the pot part 11a. Alternatively, after the elastic body 13 is inserted into the pot portion 11a, the lower eyelid 12 is disposed on the elastic body 13. As described above, the elastic body 13 is provided with the convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 in the height direction on the side surface. That is, the direction in which the convex part 14 and the recessed part 15 were provided is the same as the insertion direction to the pot part 11a. Therefore, in the pot portion 11a, the substantially cylindrical elastic body 13 substantially the same as the pot diameter is inserted more than when the convex portions 14 and the concave portions 15 are provided in the circumferential direction (direction perpendicular to the height direction). Can be inserted smoothly. The elastic deformation restraining body 16 may be coupled to the lower rod 12 using the fixing means 16b, provided with a pot portion 11a, and the elastic body 13 may be fitted into the pot portion 11a. Of course, the assembly method of the support device 10 is not limited to the above example.

  Here, the relationship between the sizes of the elastic body 13 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 will be described. In the example of FIG. 1, the support device 10 is installed between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2. 10, when the elastic body 13 is deformed by the load of the upper structure 1 (a dead load is applied), the convex portion 14 on the side surface of the elastic body 13 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the elastic deformation restraining body 16. The state is in contact with the restraining surface 16a. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, before being installed between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2, the convex portion 14 on the side surface of the elastic body 13 is constrained on the inner peripheral surface of the elastic deformation restraint body 16. When it is installed between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2, it is elastic due to the dead load of the upper structure 1. The convex portion 14 on the side surface of the body 13 is in contact with the restraining surface 16 a on the inner peripheral surface of the elastic deformation restraining body 16. When a dead load is loaded, the convex portion 14 on the side surface of the elastic body 13 is not in contact with the constraining surface 16a on the inner peripheral surface of the elastic deformation restraining body 16, and a high load exceeding the normal use range (for example, a large vehicle) When there is a live load due to traffic load, the convex portion 14 on the side surface of the elastic body 13 comes into contact with the restraining surface 16a on the inner peripheral surface of the elastic deformation restraining body 16, and the restraining surface 16a is brought into contact with the input of a further high load. You may make it the convex part 14 and the part which the bulging deformation | transformation of the recessed part 15 press-contacted. Even in such a case, the elastic body 13 can be smoothly inserted into the pot 11a because the convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 are provided along the height (thickness) direction.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the convex portion 14 on the side surface of the elastic body 13 is constrained on the inner peripheral surface of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 before being installed between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2. The state which contact | abutted to 16a may be sufficient. In this case, when the elastic body 13 is disposed in the elastic deformation restraining body 16, the elastic body 13 in the elastic deformation restraining body 16 can be accurately positioned. Moreover, since the elastic body 13 is provided with the convex part 14 and the concave part 15 along the height (thickness) direction, it can be smoothly inserted into the pot 11a. It should be noted that a minute gap having a tolerance may exist between the restraining surface 16 a of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 and the elastic body 13.

[3. Explanation of operation of bearing device]
In the support device 10 as described above, when installed between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2, as shown in FIG. 1, the elastic body 13 has a load in a normal use range (for example, a dead load or (Dead load + live load during vehicle travel) is compressed, and the convex portion 14 of the elastic body 13 is positioned close to or in contact with the restraining surface 16a of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 surrounding the elastic body 13. In the support device 10, the elastic body 13 is elastically deformed in accordance with the magnitude of the vertical load, and the elastic deformation is restrained while the side surface convex portion 14 is deformed so as to fill the gap formed by the concave portion 15. The body 16 is pressed against the restraining surface 16a. That is, the amount of displacement of the elastic body 13 is limited by the elastic deformation restraining body 16.

  In such a support device 10, the elastic body 13 supported by the lower rod 12 is surrounded by the upper rod 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16, and the convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 are provided on the side surface of the elastic body 13, A semi-sealed space portion having a predetermined gap is provided between the constraining surface 16a. Therefore, at the beginning of input or at the time of low load input, as the input becomes higher while performing vertical flexible displacement with respect to the vertical load, the increase in vertical displacement gradually decreases and the elastic modulus increases, resulting in a large load. It behaves like a sealed rubber bearing with respect to the input and realizes high load support with a small bearing area.

  In addition, when a rotational force is applied in the vertical plane over a low load to a high load input, the elastic body 13 is partially supported by the elastic deformation restraining body 16, but the elastic body is caused by the gap between the convex portion 14 or the concave portion 15. 13 is deformed, and excellent rotation followability can be realized without an extreme load on the elastic body.

FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the amount of vertical displacement and the vertical load.
Line 100 indicates a general laminated rubber bearing.
In addition, the rubber bearing mentioned here is a horizontal force distribution type rubber bearing or seismic isolation bearing with an elastic body made of laminated rubber and a plurality of steel plates inside, and is not a sealed rubber bearing but a load. It is a bearing that is not restrained from displacement when applied.
Wire 101... The elastic body 13 has a smaller outer shape than the inner diameter of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 (the inner diameter of the pot portion 11a), and the convex portions 14 and the concave portions 15 are formed larger. The characteristic when the clearance gap between the side surfaces is enlarged is shown. (Large gap)
Line 102... Shows characteristics when the gap between the restraining surface 16 a and the side surface of the elastic body 13 is made smaller than that of the line 101. (In the gap)
Line 103... Shows characteristics when the gap between the restraint surface 16a and the side surface of the elastic body 13 is minimized. (Small gap)

  In the rubber bearing as a reference example indicated by the line 100 in FIG. 6, as the vertical load increases, the vertical displacement amount increases substantially proportionally, and the inclination (constraint degree or spring constant) of the graph is substantially constant. On the other hand, according to the example of the line 101-103 of the present invention, the vertical displacement amount increases as the vertical load increases, but the characteristic is nonlinear. That is, the inclination (constraint degree or spring constant) of the graph representing the magnitude of the vertical load reaction force with respect to the vertical displacement increases as the vertical displacement or the spring increases. Thus, the support device 10 provides a clearance between the constraining surface 16a and the side surface of the elastic body 13 by the concave portion 15 and the convex portion 14, so that the higher the load is input, the higher the sealed state. Thus, the upper structure 1 can be supported with the characteristic that the amount of increase in the vertical displacement amount becomes smaller, that is, the degree of restraint is variable. In other words, the bearing device 10 can support a high load while having appropriate vertical flexibility. Looking at the example of the line 101-103, the smaller the gap, the narrower the range (primary gradient) of the slope of the graph representing the magnitude of the vertical load reaction force with respect to the vertical displacement can be set. That is, the vertical displacement is reduced.

  Thus, this bearing device 10 behaves like a sealed rubber bearing when the high load is applied, the vertical flexible displacement becomes small. That is, in the support apparatus 10, the use range in the line 101-103 in FIG. 6 is set according to the type and application of the superstructure 1 to be supported. Therefore, for example, when the live load is added to the dead load, the support device 10 is included in the region of the steep slope range (secondary slope) of the graph, thereby reducing vibration and noise when passing through the vehicle. You will be able to

[4. Description of Elastic Body Modifications]
By the way, the elastic body 13 can also be comprised like FIG. The elastic body 13 shown in FIG. 7A has a substantially trapezoidal vertical cross section, has a diameter of one end surface 13a and the other end surface 13b different from each other, has a truncated cone shape, and the one end surface 13a has an inner diameter of the pot portion 11a. Use a smaller diameter. That is, the one surface 13a is set to the minimum diameter. Even in the elastic body 13, linear or wavy convex portions 14 and concave portions 15 along the height (thickness) direction are provided on the side surface in parallel with each other in the circumferential direction (see FIG. Example 7 is linear). As shown in FIG. 7B, such an elastic body 13 is inserted into the pot portion 11a with one surface 13a serving as an insertion surface to the pot portion 11a. Thereby, the elastic body 13 can insert one side 13a easily in the pot part 11a. Thereafter, the elastic body 13 is pushed into the pot portion 11a. At this time, the wavy line-shaped convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 along the height (thickness) direction are provided. 11a can be inserted in a smoothly positioned state with reduced resistance during insertion. The other surface 13b of the elastic body 13 may be larger in diameter than the inner diameter of the pot portion 11a or may be smaller in diameter. If it has a large diameter, it can be inserted in a state of being positioned in the pot portion 11a, and if it has a small diameter, the whole can be smoothly inserted into the pot portion 11a.

  Moreover, the elastic body 13 can also be comprised like FIG. The elastic body 13 of FIG. 8 is provided on the side surface of the cylindrical main body portion so that the convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 along the height (thickness) direction are parallel to each other in the circumferential direction. Here, the convex part 14 is formed so that the height from the side surface of the main body part is the highest in the middle of the height (thickness) direction, and is formed so as to form a barrel shape as a whole. Moreover, in the elastic body 13 of FIG. 8, at least one end surface is smaller in diameter than the inner diameter of the pot portion 11a. In FIG. 8, the diameters of the opposite end faces 13a and 13b are the same. Any end surface of the elastic body 13 can be used as a surface for insertion into the pot portion 11a, and can be easily assembled. When any end face is inserted into the pot portion 11a, the elastic body 13 is then pushed into the pot portion 11a. At this time, the wavy line shape along the height (thickness) direction is pushed. Since the convex part 14 and the concave part 15 are provided, the resistance at the time of insertion can be made small in the pot part 11a, and it can be inserted in the state positioned smoothly.

  Further, the elastic body 13 has a characteristic that when a dead load or a live load is applied, the elastic body 13 swells so that the middle in the thickness direction has the largest diameter. When a dead load or a live load is applied, the elastic body 13 is such that the protruding portion 14 swelled in the middle in the thickness direction is first brought into pressure contact with the restraining surface 16a of the elastic deformation restraining body 16, and its periphery gradually becomes the restraining surface 16a. Since the elastic deformation is constrained so as to be pressed against each other, the stress distribution of the elastic body 13 can be made uniform.

  Further, FIG. 9 is a modified example of the barrel-shaped elastic body 13 of FIG. 8, and is further provided with a convex portion 14a along the circumferential direction. The convex part 14a orthogonal to the convex part 14 along the thickness direction is formed to be lower than the convex part 14, for example. Thereby, this elastic body 13 prevents the convex part 14a provided in the direction orthogonal to the insertion direction to the pot part 11a from increasing resistance at the time of insertion to the pot part 11a. In addition, in this example, the space | interval and the number of the convex parts 14a are not specifically limited. In the examples of FIGS. 8 and 9, the vertical protrusions 14 may be wavy as shown in FIG.

  In the present invention, the shape, the number, the interval, and the like of the elastic body 13 are particularly limited as long as the protrusion 14 and the recess 15 of the elastic body 13 are provided along the height (thickness) direction of the elastic body 13. It is not a thing.

[5. Explanation of laminated elastic body]
In the above example, the supporting device 10 using the elastic body 13 having a single elastic layer has been described. As the elastic body 13, a laminated structure in which an elastic layer and a reinforcing plate are laminated as shown in FIG. The elastic body 17 may be used. The elastic body 17 includes a reinforcing plate 17a, a plurality of elastic layers 17b, and the reinforcing plate 17a and the elastic layer 17b are bonded to each other by vulcanization bonding. When a load is applied to the single-layer elastic body 13, the free side surface is pushed out to the side, and in particular, bulges around the central portion in the thickness direction. In the laminated elastic body 17, since the reinforcing plate 17 a is provided, swelling of the free side surface of the elastic body 17 is suppressed, and the load bearing capacity is increased. However, since the side surface of the elastic layer 17b between the reinforcing plates 17a is also a free side surface, it slightly bulges to the side according to the load. However, in the support device 10, since the elastic deformation restraining body 16 restrains the deformation of the elastic body 17, the bulge amount is small. Even in the elastic body 17, convex portions 18 and concave portions 19 along the height (thickness) direction are provided on the side surface in the circumferential direction.

  In the elastic body 17, the free side surface of the elastic layer 17 b slightly bulges and the convex portion 18 is first pressed into contact with the restraining surface 16 a of the elastic deformation restraining body 16. The amount of swelling of the elastic layer 17 b depends on the restraining surface 16 a. Be bound. Therefore, the elastic body 17 can relieve local stress on the elastic layer 17b around the internal reinforcing plate 17a even when a high load is input. Further, the internal reinforcing plate 17a is not easily crushed by a high load, and the reinforcing plate 17a can be thinned, and the entire thickness of the support device 10 can be reduced.

  The relationship between the size of the laminated elastic body 17 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 is the same as that of the elastic body 13, and as described with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. A state in which the convex portion 18 on the side surface is not in contact with the constraining surface 16a on the inner peripheral surface of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 may be in contact, or may be in contact. In this case, the convex portion 18 on the side surface of the elastic body 17 comes into contact with the restraining surface 16a on the inner peripheral surface of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 at the time of assembly, which is preferable because the positioning property is improved. When the convex portion 18 and the restraining surface 16a are in contact with each other, the resistance during insertion increases, but the convex portion 18 and the concave portion 19 are provided along the height (thickness) direction of the elastic body 17, so The resistance of time can be relaxed. In the present invention, the presence / absence of contact between the elastic body and the elastic deformation restraint body when there is no input (no load) is not particularly limited. For example, when a large load is input, the elastic body The convex portions 18 on the 17 side surfaces may come into contact with the restraining surface 16 a on the inner peripheral surface of the elastic deformation restraining body 16.

  In addition, you may comprise an upper collar and an elastic deformation | transformation restraint body integrally. In the example of FIG. 10, the upper collar 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 are configured to overlap and be integrated in the vertical direction. In the laminated elastic body 17, the vertical load support performance, the horizontal load support performance, and the vertical rotation performance are adjusted by the area and thickness of the elastic layer, the number, the area and thickness of the reinforcing plate, the number, and the like. I can do it. Also. The elastic deformation restraining body 16 is fixed to the outer peripheral side of the lower surface of the upper collar 11. For example, the upper rod 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 may be coupled by using a fixing means 16b such as a bolt and a nut. Further, as the fixing means 16b, either one of the upper collar 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 is provided with a male screw and the other is provided with a female screw, and these are screwed together and welded together. Further, it can be performed by a conventionally known bonding method or the like.

[6. Description of modification of reinforcing plate]
Specifically, the reinforcing plate 17a used for the laminated elastic body 17 can be configured as shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 11A, a protrusion 21a is provided at the center of the surface of the upper collar 11 on which the elastic body 17 is disposed, and an annular recess 21b is provided around the protrusion 21a. . Moreover, the protrusion part 22a is provided in the center part of the surface by which the elastic body 17 of the lower collar 12 is arrange | positioned, and the recessed part 21b is provided in the circumference | surroundings of the protrusion part 22a. Therefore, the elastic body 17 disposed between the upper collar 11 and the lower collar 12 has a thin center portion and an annular thick portion around the periphery. Inside the elastic body 17, an annular reinforcing plate 17 a is provided in an outer peripheral region that becomes a thick portion. In the elastic body 17, a convex portion 18 and a concave portion 19 are provided continuously or intermittently on the side surface along the height (thickness) direction. Moreover, you may make it provide the space | gap part 23a in the center part of the elastic body 17 for a restraint degree adjustment. Since such an elastic body 17 has a thin portion at the center and an annular thick portion around the center portion, it is possible to improve the rotation followability.

  FIG. 11 (B) is a modification of FIG. 11 (A), in which the surface on the side where the elastic body 17 of the lower eyelid 12 is disposed is formed flat, and only the upper eyelid 11 side has a protrusion 21a and a recess. 21b. In this elastic body 17, since the surface of the lower eyelid 12 on which the elastic body 17 is disposed is formed flat, the shape of the lower eyelid 12 and the elastic body 17 can be simplified, and the processing cost can be reduced. Can be reduced. Also in this example, the gap portion 23 a may be provided in the central portion of the elastic body 17. Further, a convex portion 18 and a concave portion 19 are provided on the side surface of the elastic body 17 continuously or intermittently along the height (thickness) direction.

  In FIG. 11C, a plurality of annular reinforcing plates 17 a are provided concentrically with the elastic body 17. In this example, the opposed surfaces of the upper collar 11 and the lower collar 12, that is, the surface on which the elastic body 17 is disposed are formed flat. In this example, the protrusions 21a and 22a and the recesses 21b and 22b (see FIGS. 11A and 11B) are not provided on the surface on which the elastic body 17 of the upper and lower collars 11 and 12 is disposed. The structure is simplified and the processing cost can be reduced. The number of the plurality of annular reinforcing plates 17a may be one on the inner peripheral side or one on the outer peripheral side, and the number is not particularly limited. Further, in FIG. 11C, a plurality of annular reinforcing plates 17a are provided concentrically at the same height, but the heights at which the reinforcing plates 17a are provided are not necessarily the same. In this example as well, a gap 23a may be provided in the center of the elastic body 17. Further, the side surface of the elastic body 17 is provided with a convex portion 18 and a concave portion 19 continuously or intermittently along the height (thickness) direction.

  In FIG. 11D, a plurality of reinforcing plates 17a are provided apart from each other in parallel. In this example, the number of reinforcing plates 17a may be one or more. On the side surface of the elastic body 17, a convex portion 18 and a concave portion 19 are provided continuously or intermittently along the height (thickness) direction.

  In FIG. 11E, a plurality of annular protrusions 17c are provided concentrically on the front and back of the reinforcing plate 17a. In this example, the number of reinforcing plates 17a may be one or more. Further, the number of the annular protrusions 17c is not particularly limited, and may be one, for example. Moreover, the cyclic | annular protrusion part 17c may be an intermittent thing instead of a continuous protrusion part. Further, the annular protrusion 17c may be provided on only one of the front and back surfaces, and a plurality of reinforcing plates 17a may be provided. In this example, a convex portion 18 and a concave portion 19 are provided continuously or intermittently on the side surface of the elastic body 17 along the height (thickness) direction.

[7. Modification 1 of bearing device]
A support device 30 shown in FIG. 12 has a core 31 attached to the lower rod 12 and a lifting prevention portion and a horizontal displacement prevention portion. The bearing device 30 includes an elastic body 17 having a laminated structure in which an elastic layer and a reinforcing plate are laminated between an upper collar 11 as a first rigid body and a lower collar 12 as a second rigid body. ing. The upper collar 11 of the support device 30 has a through hole 32 penetrating through the front and back surfaces. The core material 31 is inserted into the through hole 32 from the upper surface side of the upper collar 11. The through hole 32 is formed to a depth that allows the tip surface of the core member 31 to be lowered by one step without protruding from the upper surface of the upper rod 11 in consideration of the displacement of the upper flange 11 vertically downward. In the through hole 32, a lifting prevention piece 32a is formed in a flange shape.

  The core member 31 inserted into the through hole 32 is made of a metallic bolt-shaped member having a head that becomes the large diameter portion 33, and the large diameter portion 33, which is the tip portion, is inside the through hole 32 of the upper collar 11. It is set to a size that can be accommodated. The core material 31 is inserted into the insertion hole 34 formed in the substantially central portion of the elastic body 17 from the through hole 32 of the upper collar 11, and further, the screw formed on the support surface side of the elastic body 17 of the lower collar 12. It is fixed by being screwed into the hole 35. When the core material 31 is inserted from the through hole 32 and fixed to the screw hole 35, the large diameter portion 33 is accommodated in the through hole 32 so as to be lowered by one step. The core member 31 is fixed to the lower rod 12 so that when the upper rod 11 and the lower rod 12 are about to be displaced in the horizontal direction, the tip surface of the lifting prevention piece 32a or the side surface of the through hole 32 is At the end, the displacement of the upper collar 11 is restricted. That is, the core material 31 functions as a horizontal displacement prevention unit, and prevents the upper collar 11 and the lower collar 12 from being excessively displaced in the horizontal direction. Further, the large-diameter portion 33 of the core member 31 is larger than the opening diameter of the lifting prevention piece 32a of the through hole 32 and engages with the lifting prevention piece 32a. The core material 31 has a large-diameter portion of the core material 31 fixed to the lower collar 12 when an upward lifting force is applied to the upper collar 11, that is, a force that the upper collar 11 attempts to lift relative to the lower collar 12. When the lifting prevention piece 32 a is locked to the 33, it is possible to prevent the upper collar 11 and the lower collar 12 from separating. That is, the large diameter part 33 functions also as a lifting prevention part.

  The elastic body 17 is surrounded by an elastic deformation restraining body 16 as shown in FIG. The elastic deformation restraining body 16 is a cylindrical body having an inner diameter that is slightly larger than the average outer diameter of the elastic body 17. The elastic deformation restraining body 16 is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the upper collar 11, and a pot portion 11 a in which the elastic body 17 is accommodated is provided inside. Is formed. For example, the upper rod 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 may be coupled by using a fixing means 16b such as a bolt and a nut. As the fixing means 16b, either one of the upper collar 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 is provided with a male screw, and the other is provided with a female screw. It can be performed by a conventionally known bonding method or the like.

  The tip of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 on the lower collar 12 side is located outside the outer periphery of the lower collar 12 and is not fixed. As a result, when the vertical load is input, the upper collar 11 can be displaced vertically downward while compressing the elastic body 13. That is, the distal end portion of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 on the lower collar 12 side is positioned outside the outer peripheral portion of the lower collar 12, so that it cooperates with the core member 31 and between the upper collar 11 and the lower collar 12. It plays the role of suppressing the shear deformation of the elastic body 17 to be arranged, and the function of a cylinder that restrains the elastic body 17 in a semi-sealed state to increase the bearing pressure. Thus, the elastic body 17 supported by the lower collar 12 is disposed in a semi-sealed space with the upper surface surrounded by the upper collar 11 and the side surface by the elastic deformation restraining body 16. That is, the bearing device 10 is a semi-sealed rubber bearing, and can support a high load with a small bearing area.

  The assembly method of such a support device 30 will be described. First, the upper collar 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 are coupled using the fixing means 16b to form the pot portion 11a that houses the elastic body 13. Then, after the elastic body 17 is placed on the lower rod 12, the elastic body 17 is inserted into the pot portion 11a before or after the core material 31 is inserted into the through hole 32. Alternatively, before or after the core material 31 is inserted into the through hole 32, the elastic body 13 is inserted into the pot portion 11 a, and then the lower eyelid 12 is disposed on the elastic body 13. As described above, the elastic body 17 is provided with the convex portion 18 and the concave portion 19 in the height direction on the side surface, so that the resistance at the time of insertion can be reduced and can be smoothly inserted. Of course, the assembly method of the support device 30 is not limited to the above example.

  Even in such a support device 30, like the above-described support device 10, the elastic body 17 supported by the lower collar 12 is surrounded by the upper collar 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 to be semi-sealed. A constraining surface 16a is formed by providing a convex portion 18 and a concave portion 19 on the side surface of the elastic body 17, while realizing a high load bearing with a small bearing area like a semi-sealed rubber bearing. By providing a gap between them, a vertical flexible displacement with respect to a vertical load can be realized. In addition, when the rotating action is performed, the elastic body 17 is deformed by a gap formed by the convex portion 18 or the concave portion 19, and good rotation followability can be realized. And as shown in the said FIG. 6, by providing a clearance gap by the recessed part 19 and the convex part 18 between the constraining surface 16a and the side surface of the elastic body 17, so that a larger load is input, and a more advanced sealing is carried out. By changing to the state, the amount of increase in the vertical displacement can be reduced.

  In the support device 30, the elastic body 17 serving as a support body may be an elastic body 13 having a single elastic layer (see FIGS. 2, 7 to 9). Alternatively, the upper eyelid 11 may be used as the lower eyelid, and the lower eyelid 12 may be used as the upper eyelid. Furthermore, when installing in the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2, as described above, the upper plate 3 and the lower plate 5 may be interposed and fixed, and the sliding members 4 and 6 are further interposed. It is possible to fix them (see FIG. 1).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the support device 30 may fix the elastic deformation restraining body 16 to the outer peripheral portion of the lower rod 12 instead of the upper rod 11 by the fixing means 16 b. In this case, the distal end portion of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 is located outside the outer peripheral portion of the upper collar 11 and is not fixed. Then, the elastic body 17 is inserted into the pot portion 12 a configured by the lower rod 12 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16, and then the upper rod 11 is disposed on the elastic body 17, and the core material 31 is the elastic body 17. Is inserted into the insertion hole 34 and fixed to the screw hole 35 of the lower collar 12. Even in the support device 30 as shown in FIG. 13, when the vertical load is input, the upper collar 11 can be displaced vertically downward while compressing the elastic body 13, similar to the example of FIG. 12. An effect can be obtained.

[8. Modification 2 of bearing device]
In the support device 40 shown in FIG. 14, the core member 41 does not penetrate the upper and lower collars 11 and 12. In this support device 40, a core material 41 is attached to the lower rod 12, and a lifting prevention portion and a horizontal displacement prevention portion are provided. In addition, the bearing device 40 includes an elastic body 17 having a laminated structure in which an elastic layer and a reinforcing plate are laminated between an upper collar 11 as a first rigid body and a lower collar 12 as a second rigid body. ing.

  The upper collar 11 is disposed on the upper surface of the elastic body 17, and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 is fixed to the outer peripheral portion. For example, the upper collar 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 may be coupled using a fixing means 16b such as a bolt and a nut. Further, as the fixing means 16b, either one of the upper collar 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 is provided with a male screw and the other is provided with a female screw, and these are screwed together and welded together. It can be performed by a conventionally known bonding method or the like. The tip of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 on the lower collar 12 side is formed with a flange-shaped lifting prevention piece 42 projecting inward.

  The core member 41 is made of a metal bolt-shaped member having a head portion that becomes the large-diameter portion 43, and the tip portion is screwed into a screw hole 44 formed on the support surface side of the elastic body 17 of the lower collar 12. Fixed by. The core member 41 has a large diameter portion 43 at the upper end portion, and serves as a support surface that supports the elastic body 17. Further, the large diameter portion 43 engages with the rising prevention piece 42 of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the upper collar 11. The large-diameter portion 43 of the core member 41 fixed to the lower rod 12 serves as an anti-lifting portion, and when an upper lifting force is applied to the upper rod 11, the upper anti-raising piece 42 on the upper rod 11 side is locked. This prevents the upper eyelid 11 and the lower eyelid 12 from separating. Further, the large-diameter portion 43 of the core member 41 is formed in such a size as to slide on the restraining surface 16a of the elastic deformation restraining body 16, and restrains the elastic body 17 in a semi-sealed state to increase the bearing pressure. It functions like a piston, allows vertical displacement, and functions as a horizontal displacement prevention unit, and restricts horizontal displacement by the core member 41. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the upper collar 11 and the lower collar 12 from being relatively displaced in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, a gap is provided between the lifting prevention piece 42 and the lower rod 12 so that the lifting prevention piece 42 does not hit the lower rod 12 when the vertically downward upper rod 11 is displaced.

  The assembly method of the support device 40 will be described. First, the core material 41 is inserted into the elastic deformation restraining body 16 and the core material 41 is fixed to the screw hole 44 of the lower collar 12. Thereby, a pot portion 43 a is formed in the elastic deformation restraining body 16 by the large diameter portion 43. Thereafter, the elastic body 17 is disposed on the large-diameter portion 43 of the core member 41 in the pot portion 43a. At this time, since the elastic body 17 is provided with the convex portion 18 and the concave portion 19 in the height direction on the side surface as described above, the resistance at the time of insertion can be reduced and can be smoothly inserted. . Thereafter, the upper collar 11 is coupled to the elastic deformation restraining body 16 by the fixing means 16b. Of course, the method of assembling the support device 40 is not limited to the above example.

  Even in such a support device 40, the elastic body 17 supported by the lower rod 12 is surrounded by the upper rod 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 in the same manner as the above-described support devices 10 and 30. A constrained surface 16a is formed by providing a convex portion 18 and a concave portion 19 on the side surface of the elastic body 17 while forming a sealed space portion and realizing high load support with a small bearing area like a sealed rubber bearing. By providing a gap between them, vertical flexible displacement according to the vertical load can be made possible. In addition, during the rotation action, the elastic body 17 is more easily deformed by the gap between the convex portion 18 or the concave portion 19, and good rotational followability can be realized. And as shown in the said FIG. 7, by providing the clearance gap between the constraining surface 16a and the side surface of the elastic body 17 by the recessed part 19 and the convex part 18, the more highly sealed state is, so that there is a big input. It is possible to reduce the amount of increase in the vertical displacement amount by changing the pressure to high pressure.

  In the support device 40, the elastic body 17 serving as the support body may be a single-layer elastic body 13 (see FIGS. 2, 7 to 9). Alternatively, the upper eyelid 11 may be used as the lower eyelid, and the lower eyelid 12 may be used as the upper eyelid. Furthermore, when installing in the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2, as described above, the upper plate 3 and the lower plate 5 may be interposed and fixed, and the sliding members 4 and 6 are further interposed. It is possible to fix them (see FIG. 1).

[9. Modification 3 of bearing device]
The support device 50 shown in FIG. 15 is a further modification of the support device 40 of FIG. In this support device 50, a core material 51 is attached to the lower rod 12, and a lifting prevention portion and a horizontal displacement prevention portion are provided. In this support device 50, an elastic body 17 having a laminated structure in which an elastic layer 17b and a reinforcing plate 17a are laminated is interposed between an upper collar 11 as a first rigid body and a lower collar 12 as a second rigid body. ing.

  The upper collar 11 is disposed on the upper surface of the elastic body 17, and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 is fixed to the outer peripheral portion. For example, fixing means 16b such as bolts and nuts can be used for coupling the upper collar 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16. Further, as the fixing means 16b, either one of the upper collar 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 is provided with a male screw and the other is provided with a female screw, and these are screwed together and welded together. It can be performed by a conventionally known bonding method or the like. The tip of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 on the lower collar 12 side is formed with a flange-shaped lifting prevention piece 52 projecting inward.

  The lower end portion of the core material 51 is fixed to the lower collar 12 serving as a base plate. The lower end surface of the core material 51 is provided with a positioning convex portion 51a, and the positioning convex portion 51a is positioned by being fitted into the positioning concave portion 51b on the lower collar 12 side. Further, the lower rod 12 is formed with an insertion hole 55a, and the fixing bolt 55b is fixed by being fastened to a fixing hole 55c provided at the lower end portion of the core member 51. A large-diameter portion 53 serving as a support surface for supporting the elastic body 17 is integrally provided at the upper end portion of the core material 51. The large-diameter portion 53 is provided with a screw hole 53a at the center of the back surface, and is integrated by tightening a screw portion 54 formed at the tip of the core material 51 into the screw hole 53a. Note that the bolt head portion of the fixing bolt 55b is accommodated without protruding into the recess 55d communicating with the insertion hole 55a of the lower collar 12.

  The large-diameter portion 53 integral with the core member 51 engages with the rising prevention piece 52 of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 whose lower surface of the outer peripheral portion is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the upper collar 11. The large-diameter portion 53 of the core member 51 integrated with the lower rod 12 serves as a lifting prevention portion, and when the upper lifting force is applied to the upper collar 11, the lifting prevention piece 52 on the upper collar 11 side is locked. This prevents the upper eyelid 11 and the lower eyelid 12 from separating. The large-diameter portion 53 of the core member 51 is formed to a size that slides on the restraining surface 16a of the elastic deformation restraining body 16, and restrains the elastic body 17 in a semi-sealed state to increase the bearing pressure. It functions like a piston, allows vertical displacement, and functions as a horizontal displacement prevention unit, and the horizontal displacement is regulated by the core material 51. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the upper collar 11 and the lower collar 12 from being relatively displaced in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, a gap is provided between the lifting prevention piece 52 and the lower rod 12 so that the upper prevention piece 52 does not hit the lower rod 12 when the upper rod 11 is displaced vertically downward. .

  The assembly method of the support device 50 will be described. For example, first, the core material 51 having the large-diameter portion 53 fixed to the elastic deformation restraining body 16 is inserted, and the core material 51 is fixed to the lower collar 12. Thereby, a pot portion 53 b is formed by the large diameter portion 53 in the elastic deformation restraining body 16. Thereafter, the elastic body 17 is disposed on the large-diameter portion 43 of the core member 41 in the pot portion 53b. At this time, since the elastic body 17 is provided with the convex portion 18 and the concave portion 19 in the height direction on the side surface as described above, the resistance at the time of insertion can be reduced and can be smoothly inserted. . Thereafter, the upper collar 11 is coupled to the elastic deformation restraining body 16 by the fixing means 16b. Of course, the method of assembling the support device 50 is not limited to the above example.

  Even in such a bearing device 50, the elastic body 17 supported by the lower collar 12 is surrounded by the upper collar 11 and the elastic deformation restraining body 16 in the same manner as the above-described bearing apparatuses 10, 30, and 40. By forming a semi-enclosed space and realizing a high load bearing with a small bearing area like a sealed rubber bearing, a convex portion 18 and a concave portion 19 are provided on the side surface of the elastic body 17 to restrain it. By providing a gap with the surface 16a, it is possible to realize a vertical flexible displacement with respect to a vertical load. In addition, during the rotation action, the elastic body 17 is more easily deformed by the gap between the convex portion 18 or the concave portion 19, and good rotational followability can be realized. And as shown in the said FIG. 6, by providing a clearance gap by the recessed part 19 and the convex part 18 between the constraining surface 16a and the side surface of the elastic body 17, the more highly sealed state is, so that there is a big load. Thus, the amount of increase in the vertical displacement can be reduced.

  In the support device 50, the elastic body 17 serving as a support body may be an elastic body 13 having a single elastic layer (see FIGS. 2, 7 to 9). Alternatively, the upper eyelid 11 may be used as the lower eyelid, and the lower eyelid 12 may be used as the upper eyelid. Furthermore, when installing in the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2, as described above, the upper plate 3 and the lower plate 5 may be interposed and fixed, and the sliding members 4 and 6 are further interposed. It is possible to fix them (see FIG. 1).

[10. Modification 4 of bearing device]
In the above example, the case where the convex portions 14 and 18 and the concave portions 15 and 19 are provided on the side surfaces of the elastic bodies 13 and 17 has been described. However, as shown in FIG. Instead of providing the portions 14 and 18 and the concave portions 15 and 19, the constraining surface 16a of the elastic deformation constraining body 16 may be provided with the convex portions 61 or the concave portions 62 along the height (thickness) direction. . The structure of the support device is the same as that of the support device 40 shown in FIG. Here, as an example, the laminated elastic body 17 is used. In FIG. 16, a flange-shaped lifting prevention piece 42 is fixed to the tip of the lower deformation 12 side of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 by fixing means 16 c such as bolts and nuts so as to project inward.

  For assembling such a support device, the upper collar 11 is fixed to the elastic deformation restraining body 16 by the fixing means 16b and the pot portion is formed, or at least the core member 41 of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 is inserted, The lifting prevention piece 42 may be fixed by the fixing means 16c to form the pot portion, and then the elastic body 17 may be fitted into the pot portion.

  A convex surface 61 or a concave portion 62 along the height (thickness) direction is provided on the constraint surface 16a of the elastic deformation constraint body 16 shown in FIG. In this case, when a load is applied to the convex portion 61, the free side surface of the elastic layer 17 b bulges, so that the side surface that bulges laterally between the reinforcing plates 17 a and 17 a is pressed into contact with the convex portion 61. Will be. Thus, even when the convex portion 61 and the concave portion 62 are provided on the restraining surface 16 a of the elastic deformation restraining body 16, the convex portions 14 and 18 and the concave portions 15 and 19 are provided on the side surfaces of the elastic bodies 13 and 17. Similar effects can be obtained.

[11. Other variations]
In the above example, the case where the convex portions 14 and 18 and the concave portions 15 and 19 are provided on the side surfaces of the elastic bodies 13 and 17 and the case where the convex portion 61 and the concave portion 62 are provided on the restraining surface 16a of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 are described. However, you may make it provide a recessed part and a convex part in both the side surface of an elastic body, and the restraint surface 16a of the elastic deformation restraint body 16. FIG. In FIG. 17A, the convex portions 14 and 18 on the side surfaces of the elastic bodies 13 and 17 are provided, and the convex portions 14 and 18 enter the concave portion 62 of the restraining surface 16 a of the elastic deformation restraining body 16. At this time, the width of the concave portion 62 is formed to be larger than the width of the convex portions 14 and 18. In FIG. 17B, the convex portions 14 and 18 on the side surfaces of the elastic bodies 13 and 17 are in contact with the convex portion 61 of the restraining surface 16 a of the elastic deformation restraining body 16. Here, the convex portions 14 and 18 and the convex portion 61 are formed to have the same width. In this example, the convex portions 14 and 18 and the convex portion 61 are shifted in the width direction, and the convex portions 14 and 18 and the convex portion 61 may not completely face each other. In FIG. 17C, the widths of the convex portions 61 and the concave portions 62 of the restraining surface 16a of the elastic deformation restraining body 16 are wider than the widths of the convex portions 14 and 18 and the concave portions 15 and 19 on the side surfaces of the elastic bodies 13 and 17, respectively. It is formed to become. In this case, a plurality of narrow convex portions 14 and 18 on the inner side come into contact with the wide convex portion 61 located on the outer side. On the other hand, FIG. 17D shows the convex portions 14, 18 and the concave portions 15, 19 on the side surfaces of the elastic bodies 13, 17 than the width of the convex portions 61 and the concave portions 62 of the restraining surface 16 a of the elastic deformation restraining body 16. Each width is formed to be wide.

  In any case of FIGS. 17A to 17D, the convex portions 14 and 18 of the elastic bodies 13 and 17 are elastic because the free side surface of the elastic layer bulges when a load is applied. The deformation is restrained while being elastically deformed so as to fill the concave portions 15, 19 and the concave portion 62 by being pressed against the restraining surface 16 a of the deformation restraining body 16. As described above, even when the concave portion and the convex portion are provided on both the side surface of the elastic body and the constraining surface 16a of the elastic deformation constraining body 16, the same effect can be obtained.

  Furthermore, in the above description, the bridge support device has been described as the support device of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the bridge support device, and is used for vibration control and seismic isolation of various structures. It can be employed as a device.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upper structure, 2 Lower structure, 3 Upper plate, 4 Sliding member, 5 Lower plate, 6 Sliding member, 10 Support apparatus, 11 Upper rod, 12 Lower rod, 13 Elastic body, 13 (13a, 13b, 13c) Elastic body, 14 convex part, 14a convex part, 15 concave part, 16 elastic deformation restraint body, 16a restraint surface, 16b, 16c fixing means, 17 elastic body, 17a reinforcing plate, 17b elastic layer, 17c annular projecting part, 18 Projection, 19 Concave, 30 Bearing device, 31 Core material, 32 Lifting prevention piece, 32a Lifting prevention piece, 33 Large diameter portion, 34 Insertion hole, 35 Screw hole, 40 Bearing device, 41 Core material, 42 Lifting prevention piece, 43 Large-diameter part, 43a Pot part, 44 Screw hole, 50 Bearing device, 51 Core material, 51a Positioning convex part, 51b Positioning concave part, 52 Lifting prevention piece, 53 Large-diameter part, 53a Di hole, 53b pot portion, 54 screw portion 55 fixed bolts, 55a fixing hole, 61 protrusion, 62 recess

Claims (15)

A first rigid body;
A second rigid body;
An elastic body disposed between the first rigid body and the second rigid body;
An elastic deformation restraining body that surrounds the elastic body at a position where the side surface of the elastic body that is elastically deformed approaches or abuts,
The elastic body restraint degree variable structure in which a convex part or a concave part along a height direction is formed on a side surface of the elastic body and / or a restraint surface of the elastic deformation restraint body.   When a predetermined value is input, the elastic body is elastically deformed so as to reduce the volume of the gap created by the convex portion and the concave portion, and the deformed elastic body contacts the elastic deformation restraining body. 2. The elastic body restraint degree variable structure according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body is configured to be restrained from being deformed by pressure contact. The elastic body is surrounded by the first rigid body, the second rigid body, and the elastic deformation restraint body to be in a semi-sealed state,
The elastic body restraint degree variable structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure changes to a higher sealed state as the load on the elastic body increases.   The elastic body is formed so that a diameter of at least one end face is minimized, and the one end face serves as an insertion face into a pot portion constituted by the elastic deformation restraining body. The elastic body constraint degree variable structure according to any one of -3.   The elastic body constraint degree variable structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the elastic body is formed so that a diameter of a substantially central portion in a height direction is maximized.   The elastic body variable degree variable structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the elastic body is formed of a single elastic layer.   The elastic body constraint degree variable structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the elastic body has a laminated structure in which an elastic layer and a reinforcing plate are laminated. A first rigid body;
A second rigid body;
An elastic body disposed between the first rigid body and the second rigid body;
An elastic deformation restraining body that surrounds the elastic body at a position where the side surface of the elastic body that is elastically deformed approaches or abuts,
A support device in which a convex portion or a concave portion along the height direction is formed on the side surface of the elastic body and / or the constraining surface of the elastic deformation constraining body. Either the first rigid body or the second rigid body is provided with a core material,
The bearing device according to claim 8, wherein the core member includes a lifting prevention portion and a horizontal displacement prevention portion.   When a predetermined value is input, the elastic body is elastically deformed so as to reduce the volume of the gap created by the convex portion and the concave portion, and the deformed elastic body contacts the elastic deformation restraining body. The bearing device according to claim 8, wherein the elastic body is configured to be restrained from being deformed by pressure contact. The elastic body is surrounded by the first rigid body, the second rigid body, and the elastic deformation restraint body to be in a semi-sealed state,
The bearing device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the bearing device changes to a higher sealed state as the load on the elastic body increases.   The said elastic body is formed so that the diameter of at least one end surface may become the minimum, and this one end surface becomes an insertion surface to the pot part comprised with the said elastic deformation | transformation restraint body. The bearing device according to any one of -11.   The support device according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the elastic body is formed so that a diameter of a substantially central portion in a height direction is maximized.   The support device according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the elastic body includes a single elastic layer.   The support device according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the elastic body has a laminated structure in which an elastic layer and a reinforcing plate are laminated.

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