JP2013050022A - Weed-proof treatment method for road slope and others - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a slope protection method which can easily establish, on a slope face and others, a weed-proof solidification foundation that is solidified for a short time with an excellent adhesive property to concrete and asphalt without causing a crack or the like and which has water permeability and water holding ability so as to prevent the depletion of underground water and has a depression effect of heat island phenomenon.SOLUTION: In a weed-proof treatment method for road slope and others, a base material comprising a 40-75vol% of a porous inorganic material including soluble silica and/or soluble alumina at a total of 40 mass% or more and 25-60vol% of a dry plant material which is dried so that the moisture is 10 mass% or less is mixed with 50 kg-200 kg/mof a solidification reactant material of any one or more of dolomite, cement and hydrated lime, 30 kg/m-100 kg/mof a solidification reaction promotion material comprising calcium aluminate or sodium silicate, and 25-50vol% of water, as additional numbers, and the obtained mixed base material is sprayed or placed on a constructed surface to cover the surface.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of protecting and protecting slopes such as roads and railways, and embankment slope shoulders, and in particular, plants that germinate and grow in adjacent areas of the slope are protected by an environmentally friendly method. The present invention relates to a method that can effectively prevent erosion of slopes and planes even in grass and heavy rain.

The slopes on the roads and the sides of the railway lines are known to grow from spring to autumn, and this causes traffic obstacles. By cutting grasses about 2-3 times a year, It is processed so as not to cause any trouble. However, the cost of one time including the disposal cost of mowing grass costs between 150 and 300 yen per m ² , and this is a significant burden in maintaining and managing roads and railways. . Therefore, various herbicidal methods for such slopes have been developed and put into practical use. However, these herbicidal methods that have already been put to practical use have the following problems.

(1) Method using a herbicidal sheet With this conventional method, construction is easy and the construction cost is low. However, there was a possibility that the accident was caused by being beaten by the wind. Moreover, since a resin sheet is used, disposal after use is also a problem. Furthermore, in the case of this weedproof sheet, it is not easy to install on uneven surfaces and slopes, but there is a problem that there is a gap in the joint part or the place where the sheet is fixed with a pile etc., and plants grow from that part There is.

(2) Method using asphalt With this conventional method, it is necessary to heat and melt the work, so it is difficult to install on the slope, etc. Furthermore, there is a possibility that the environment may be polluted by oil that does not permeate and dissolves. is there. In addition, the heat energy emitted from the sun can be stored easily, and the heat island phenomenon is promoted to worsen the environment. Further, since there is a gap in the joint portion, there is a problem that plants grow on the portion.

(3) Method using concrete, mortar concrete, etc. With regard to this conventional method, if concrete, mortar concrete, or the like is solidified, it has strength and has a herbicidal effect and a erosion prevention effect on the slope. However, in the case of this method, there is no water permeability on the construction surface, and the energy from the sun is stored, so that the heat island phenomenon is promoted and the environment is deteriorated. In addition, there is a problem that gaps are likely to occur in the jointed parts because of poor adhesion, and there is a problem that plants grow from that part.Furthermore, in the case of concrete and mortar concrete, the bending strength and tensile strength are low, so the temperature Cracks are generated due to expansion and contraction accompanying changes in the plant, and plants also grow from that part. In particular, when the temperature is low or the amount of cement is small, the solidification rate is slow, so plants may grow in places where strength is not achieved.

(4) Method using sand, coal ash, cement, chips, etc. This prior art is a method of mixing cement with coal ash and further mixing wood chips, etc. (Patent Documents 1 and 2). In this technique, the characteristic chip or the like contains a large amount of moisture, lignin, cellulose, carbohydrate, fatty acid, amino acid, polyphenolic acid, and the like, and these inhibit the cement solidification reaction. For this reason, there is a problem that the plant is germinated and grown during this period because the strength is difficult and it takes a long time until the strength is developed. In addition, since untreated bark and chips corrode in a short period of time, it is difficult to maintain the strength of the covering material for a long period of time. Has the problem of growing.

(5) Method using bark, chip, stone, gravel, plant, etc. This conventional technique includes a method of covering the ground surface with bark, chip, stone, gravel, plant, etc. (Patent Documents 3 and 4). In the case of this technique, there is water permeability, but there are many voids etc., and plants grow from the gaps, so there is no long-term herbicidal effect.

  In addition to having the above-mentioned problems, the conventional technology has recently become more serious in the global environment due to the effects of global warming and air pollution and water pollution due to vehicle exhaust. The fact is that the materials and the herbicidal treatment methods are not in time.

JP 2007-77597 A JP 2006-248837 A JP 2004-183348 A JP 2001-17002 A

  As mentioned above, on the slopes of roadsides and tracksides, plants that grew from spring to autumn protrude from the roads and railroads, etc., resulting in traffic obstruction, etc. Development of a new construction method was required. In addition, these slopes and the like have many places where there is a risk of erosion and collapse due to heavy rain caused by abnormal weather etc., and it is also necessary to make them strong.

  Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to easily create a grass-proof solidified base that has good adhesion to concrete and asphalt, solidifies in a short time, and does not generate cracks and the like on the slope, etc. Providing water permeability and water retention to prevent groundwater depletion, suppress heat island phenomenon, and also have a function to adsorb and remove harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide emitted from traveling vehicles. It is to propose a protection method.

The present invention proposes a method according to the following gist configuration as a construction method capable of overcoming the above-described problems of the prior art and achieving the above-described object. That is, the present invention includes a porous inorganic material 40 to 75 vol% containing a total of 40 mass% or more of soluble silicic acid and / or soluble alumina, and a dried plant material 25 to 60 vol% of which moisture is reduced to 10 mass% or less by drying treatment. The base material is 50 kg to 200 kg / m ³ of a solidification reaction material of at least one of dolomite, cement and slaked lime, and 30 kg / m ^{3 of a} solidification reaction promoting substance composed of calcium aluminate or sodium silicate. Road slope characterized by mixing ~ 100kg / m ³ and 25 ~ 50vol% water, spraying or placing the obtained mixed base material on the work surface and covering the surface It is a herbicidal treatment method.

In addition, the present invention provides a water-soluble polymer or water for a porous inorganic material 40 to 75 vol% containing a total of 40 mass% or more of soluble silicic acid and / or soluble alumina, and a dry plant material that has been dried to a moisture content of 10 mass% or less. 50 kg to 200 kg / m ³ of a solidified reaction material of any one or more of dolomite, cement and slaked lime with respect to the base material composed of 25 to 60 vol% of the material impregnated with any one or more of glass, the solidified reaction promoting substance consisting of calcium aluminate or sodium silicate with ^{30kg / m 3 ~100kg / m 3} , and mixed 25～50Vol% water, spray the resulting mixture based material to be processed surface with or hit We propose a grass-proofing method for road slopes, which is characterized by covering the surface.

The present invention also provides:
(1) The dry plant material is obtained by impregnating 0.1 kg to 1 kg of a corrosion inhibitor such as tannin or hinokitiol with respect to 1000 liters of the dry plant material,
(2) The mixed base material further includes titanium oxide in an amount corresponding to 0.1 to 5 vol% of the mixed base material.
(3) The mixed base material further includes a carbide or smoked product of a tree or herbaceous plant,
Is a preferable means for solving the problem.

According to the grass protection method (slope protection method) such as road slope according to the present invention configured as described above, the following effects can be expected.
a. After covering construction (construction), the construction surface (road slope, etc.) will develop the necessary strength within a short time, reliably prevent plant growth and maintain the herbicidal effect over a long period of time. Can do.
b. The slope after the cover construction has water permeability and water retention, and it contributes to prevention of urban flooding and recharge of groundwater by allowing rain etc. to penetrate well underground, and the retained water evaporates. This contributes to the prevention of the heat island phenomenon.
c. The slope after the coating is formed can effectively suppress the erosion of the construction surface due to heavy rain or frost heave because the base is solid and strong.
d. Adhesiveness at joints and the like is good, and the bending strength and the like are strengthened, so that no cracks or the like occur.
e. The color is light brown and does not give a sense of incongruity to the surrounding environment.
f. Since many years have passed, it will turn into soil and no industrial waste will be generated.
g. Since the harvested vegetation is dried or carbonized and used, it is expected to suppress the generation of carbon dioxide and to adsorb and fix harmful gases such as nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide emitted from cars by the carbide. it can.
h. Has the function of purifying harmful gases such as nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide.

  As mentioned above, many roads and railways are currently built throughout Japan, and vehicles and people are passing through. However, plants grow rapidly around roads and railways, especially in the summer. May cause traffic obstacles. Therefore, it is necessary to mow and prevent grass traffic every year.

  As described above, there have been proposals for various herbicidal construction methods, but there are few construction methods that consider environmental improvement and heavy rain countermeasures. For example, a conventional method for preventing grass by mixing wood chips with a material in which cement ash is mixed with cement. In fact, in the case of this construction method, the wood chips to be blended are plants that have not been subjected to a treatment such as drying, so they contain a lot of water (≧ 20 mass%), and also include carbohydrates, amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, Since organic substances such as lignin and cellulose are contained, the solidification reaction of the cement is inhibited and the strength is reduced, and the wood chip itself is decomposed by microorganisms or the like in a short period of time. Therefore, in the case of this prior art, it is known that even when wood chips are blended, the strength of the base material is still low, and even its strength is reduced within a short period of time. Moreover, since cracks and the like are also generated, it is difficult to maintain the herbicidal effect over a long period of time.

In addition, there are also proposals such as pavement materials in which cement ash is mixed with coal ash to give water permeability and water retention, but even if compressive strength can be expected, since fiber reinforcement is not included, bending strength and The tensile strength is low, cracks are likely to occur due to freezing, etc., and plants grow from the place (cracks), so the herbicidal effect is low. Furthermore, the effectiveness of water permeability and water retention is low, and there is a problem in landscape. In this regard, even if a large amount of cement (350 kg / m ³ or more) is used to develop strength, it will fill the voids and lose water permeability and water retention as in mortar.

  The present invention is a herbicidal treatment method developed in view of these problems of the prior art.

  In other words, the present invention provides a base material for slope construction, in which a solidification reaction material such as cement, slaked lime, and dolomite and water are solidified by causing a pozzolanic reaction to express water permeability and water retention. Uses porous inorganic materials such as volcanic ash, mullet, white clay, incinerated ash, etc. that are porous and have water permeability and water retention, including at least one of soluble silicic acid and soluble alumina as a main component. Decided to do. Unlike ordinary aggregates such as sand, this porous inorganic material provides strength even if the amount of solidification reactants such as cement, lime, and dolomite is suppressed, greatly increasing the amount of solidification reactants used. Can be reduced. In addition, these materials are effective in ensuring water permeability and water retention because the voids and the like are not blocked by the solidified reactant.

  And in this invention, in addition to use of the said porous inorganic material, there exists a big characteristic in the point which mixes the dry plant material which functions as a fiber reinforcement. Generally, when a plant is mixed, an improvement in strength cannot be ensured unless a large amount of the solidification reaction substance is used due to the action of a solidification reaction inhibitor contained in the plant. In addition, as described above, the untreated plant contains a large amount of water and various organic substances, so that it is decomposed into carbon dioxide and the like in a short time by microorganisms. In addition, when a large amount of moisture or the like is contained, the density of the fiber is lowered, so that the strength cannot be expected so much. Therefore, for example, when a house or the like is made, it is usually used after drying wood or the like to develop strength.

  That is, it is considered that a plant having the above-described defects can exhibit a high strength as in the case of building wood when used after being dried. The present invention has focused on such dry plant materials. The reason for this is that plants generally contain tannin, hinokitiol, polyphenols, etc. that suppress the degradation of plants by microorganisms, etc., and by drying this, these concentrations can be increased, As a result, it was found that the plant degradation rate can be suppressed. It has also been found that the plant degradation can be suppressed even when the dried plant is further impregnated with tannin, hinokitiol, polyphenols and the like.

In addition, the inventors' research has found that when the dry moisture of the plant is 10 mass% or less, substances that inhibit the solidification reaction of the solidification reaction substance such as cement decrease, and the strength of the plant fiber also increases. The reason is that when the water content is 10 mass% or less, the concentration of a substance that suppresses corrosion such as tannin and hinokitiol contained in the bark and the like can be increased. Therefore, in this invention, you may use the plant material which impregnates 0.1 kg-1 kg with respect to 1000 liter of dry plant materials with the substance which suppresses corrosion, such as a tannin and a hinokitiol, with respect to the said dry plant material. .
In the present invention, it was also found that when the dried plant material is further impregnated with a water-soluble polymer such as vinyl acetate emulsified resin or water glass, a mixed base material with higher bending strength can be obtained.

In the present invention, relative to the mixing base materials, further adding 30kg ^{/ m 3} ~100kg ^/ m 3 the solidified reaction promoting substances such as calcium or sodium silicate aluminate. By adding the solidification reaction promoting substance in this way, it becomes solidified in a short time and a high-strength base material can be obtained.

  In short, in the present invention, it is possible to construct a herbicidal treatment in consideration of the environment, landscape, etc., basically by combining the porous inorganic material and the dried plant material.

That is, in the present invention, as a basic composition, porous silica such as incineration ash such as volcanic ash, mullet, white clay, coal ash, etc., Kanuma earth, red terrain earth, etc., containing a total of 40 mass% or more of soluble silicic acid and / or soluble alumina. One or more solidification reactants of dolomite, cement, or slaked lime with respect to a base material composed of 25 to 60 vol% of dry plant material that has been dried to 40 to 75 vol% of inorganic material and moisture of 10 mass% or less the a ^{50kg / m 3 ~200kg / m 3} , the solidified reaction promoting substance such as calcium aluminate or sodium silicate with ^{30kg / m 3 ~100kg / m 3} , and to consist of 25～50Vol% water.

  In the above formulation, when the total amount of the porous inorganic material is less than 40 vol%, the color of the herbicidal base material is close to the earth color, and there is water permeability and water retention, which matches the environment. However, the strength of the solidified material is weak and the herbicidal effect is low. On the other hand, if the blending ratio exceeds 75 vol%, the strength of the solidified material is increased, but the water permeability and water retention are lowered, and the color becomes close to mortar, so that it is not good for the landscape. Therefore, in this invention, the compounding quantity of a porous inorganic material shall be 40-75 vol%.

  Next, the plant material which performed the drying process is added with respect to the said porous inorganic material. If the blended amount of this dry plant material is less than 25 vol%, the strength can be secured and the herbicidal effect is high, but there are problems in terms of water permeability, water retention, landscape properties, etc. On the other hand, when it exceeds 60 vol% As a result, the strength of the solidified material is lowered and the herbicidal effect cannot be expected. Therefore, in this invention, this dry plant material mix | blends 25-60 vol%.

  In addition, as plant materials used in the present invention, cedar and oak skins (mulching materials) that have been used as roofs for shrines from the old days because they are not easily corroded, pine, yew, beech or elm Any of the bark, wood fragments, and herbs of trees belonging to the above can be used.

In the present invention, in addition to the above materials, one or more solidification reaction materials of dolomite, cement, and slaked lime are further added in excess of 200 kg / m ³ . If it does so, the intensity | strength of a base material can be made high and a herbicidal effect will go up, but a space | gap will be blocked and water permeability and water retention will fall. On the other hand, if the amount of the solidified reactant added is less than 50 kg / m ³ , the necessary strength as a base material is not obtained, so that the herbicidal effect is also low in this case. Accordingly, in the present invention, the solidification reaction material is an external number of 50 to 200 kg / m ³ added to the base material.

  In the present invention, charcoal and smoked products (moisture: 3.5 to 5 mass%) of trees and plants can be used in the range of 25 to 60 vol% in the mixed base material. By blending in this way, plant decomposition can be almost eliminated, a stable herbicidal base can be created, and these carbonized components are harmful to nitrogen dioxide emitted from automobiles, etc. Demonstrate the effect of gas adsorption.

  For dry plant materials, impregnation with water-soluble polymers such as vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, or water glass greatly increases the tensile strength and bending strength of plant fibers, making it more effective. Can create a strong herbicidal base.

In addition, when about 1 to 10 kg / m ^{3 of a} water-soluble polymer or water glass is added to the base material, the adhesion to asphalt or concrete is improved, and the strength of the jointed portion can be increased. In addition, it can prevent germination and growth of plants from joints.

  Moreover, in this invention, a titanium oxide can further be added in said mixed base material. In this case, an oxidation reaction between titanium oxide and sunlight occurs in the slope of the applied slope, and the action of oxidizing and purifying harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide is exhibited.

  Next, in the present invention, the dry plant material is produced by, for example, about 70 to 80 mass% by heating to about 90 to 110 ° C. using a heater or a dryer capable of introducing hot air. The water content is set to 10 mass% or less. This drying process may be performed in combination with sun drying (about 1 to 3 days in fine weather).

As a method of construction, for example, on a slope (partially flat), sun-dried or machine-dried cedar or straw peel and clinker ash (coal ash) discharged from a thermal power plant etc. The bark multi-soil produced by pulverizing and mixing and adjusting the particle size is mixed with cement and water at a predetermined ratio and sprayed to a certain thickness. In the case of slopes, lath tension work is used together as necessary to prevent erosion due to running water, frost heave, etc. and to maintain the foundation. (Las tension standard is based on the standard of slope spraying greening method and mortar spraying method, but is necessary when the slope is steeper than 1: 1)
The above clinker ash is porous, water permeable, lightweight, and contains a lot of soluble silica, so it is different from aggregates such as sand that are generally used, and a small amount of cement, slaked lime, etc. However, it is a preferable material because it easily causes a solidification reaction (pozzolanic reaction) to solidify.
The solidified base has a soil hardness that makes it difficult for plants to germinate and grow (Yamanaka-type soil hardness of 27 mm or more). By covering, growth can be prevented for many years.

Table 1 below shows a blending example of typical spray materials per 1 m ³ .

Example 1
Various materials were mixed at a predetermined ratio and sprayed with a mortar sprayer. The strength, corrosion resistance of plants, herbicidal performance, water permeability, water retention, and landscape were verified. It was shown in 3.
As a result, in the method in which the plant is not dried, the herbicidal effect is low due to the inhibition of the solidification reaction or the decomposition of the plant due to the substance coming from the plant. However, the example suitable for the present invention has a herbicidal effect and is effective in terms of environment. In addition, specific gravity was lighter than normal mortar (specific gravity: 2.1-2.5), and was 1.3-1.8, and the water retention amount also had a water retention amount of 10-35 mass% per weight.

(Example 2)
Basically, when the test of the same composition as in Example 1 is performed, in the test on the material further mixed with vinyl acetate emulsified resin, the adhesion of concrete or asphalt is good, and there is a gap in the joint after placing. Did not occur.

(Example 3)
In materials obtained by adding titanium oxide to the above materials (Table 3, Material No. 22), an oxidation reaction or the like occurred on the surface layer, and a decrease in nitrogen dioxide or the like in the atmosphere was recognized.

Example 4
In the materials (Table 2, Material No. 10, No. 11, Table 3, Material No. 24, No. 25) in which plant carbide is mixed with the above materials, adsorb harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere. The effect to do was recognized.

(Example 5)
For the weathering promotion test, acid rain was sprayed on the grass protection bases solidified in Tables 2 and 3 for six months to examine the weathering conditions of the bases. As a result, it became soil after about 4300 hours.

  The present invention basically proposes a grass protection coating method such as a road slope, but is also effective as a surface pavement coating method for sidewalks, a river bank coating method, and the like.

Claims (5)

For a base material composed of 40 to 75 vol% of a porous inorganic material containing a total of 40 mass% or more of soluble silicic acid and / or soluble alumina, and 25 to 60 vol% of a dried plant material that has been dried to a moisture content of 10 mass% or less, outside number, dolomite, and 50kg~200kg / ^{m 3} of any one or more of the solidified reactants cement and hydrated lime, a solidification reaction promoting substance consisting of calcium aluminate or sodium silicate with 30kg ^{/ m 3} ~100kg ^/ m 3 Then, 25-50 vol% of water is mixed, and the resulting mixed base material is sprayed or placed on the work surface to cover the surface, and a herbicidal treatment method for road slopes, etc. . Porous inorganic material 40 to 75 vol% containing 40 mass% or more of soluble silicic acid and / or soluble alumina in total, and dry plant material that has been dried to a moisture content of 10 mass% or less, either water-soluble polymer or water glass 50 to 200 kg / m ³ of one or more solidified reaction materials of dolomite, cement and slaked lime with respect to the base material composed of 25 to 60 vol% of the material 25 impregnated with calcium aluminate or sodium silicate and 30kg ^{/ m 3} ~100kg ^/ m 3 the solidified reaction promoting substance consisting of, and mixed 25～50Vol% water, by spraying or pouring the mixed base material obtained in the construction surface, the surface Weed prevention treatment method such as road slope characterized by covering 3. The dry plant material according to claim 1, wherein the dry plant material is obtained by impregnating 0.1 liter to 1 kg of a corrosion inhibitor such as tannin or hinokitiol with respect to 1000 liter of the dry plant material. Weed control methods such as road slopes. The road slope according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mixed base material further includes titanium oxide in an amount corresponding to 0.1 to 5 vol% of the mixed base material. Herbicidal treatment method. The said mixed base material further contains the carbide | carbonized_material or smoked product of a tree or a herbaceous plant, The herbicidal treatment method of the road slope etc. of any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned.