JP2013044339A - Impact absorber housing and impact absorber for vehicle using the same - Google Patents

Impact absorber housing and impact absorber for vehicle using the same Download PDF

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JP2013044339A
JP2013044339A JP2011180377A JP2011180377A JP2013044339A JP 2013044339 A JP2013044339 A JP 2013044339A JP 2011180377 A JP2011180377 A JP 2011180377A JP 2011180377 A JP2011180377 A JP 2011180377A JP 2013044339 A JP2013044339 A JP 2013044339A
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Prior art keywords
absorbing member
shock absorber
shock
impact
shock absorbing
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JP2013044339A5 (en
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Nobuhisa Okuda
修久 奥田
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Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd
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Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2011180377A priority Critical patent/JP2013044339A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2012/069834 priority patent/WO2013027559A1/en
Publication of JP2013044339A publication Critical patent/JP2013044339A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
    • B62D25/16—Mud-guards or wings; Wheel cover panels
    • B62D25/163—Mounting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
    • B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
    • B60R19/34—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means destroyed upon impact, e.g. one-shot type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
    • B62D25/10—Bonnets or lids, e.g. for trucks, tractors, busses, work vehicles
    • B62D25/105—Bonnets or lids, e.g. for trucks, tractors, busses, work vehicles for motor cars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/12—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Superstructure Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an impact absorber housing which has good impact energy absorbing performance with a simple structure, and facilitates design of impact energy absorbing performance of the entire impact absorber.SOLUTION: The impact absorber housing 10 is for installing an impact absorption member 15 in the vehicle, and has an outline shape having two holding sections 10a which hold axial both ends of the impact absorption member 15, respectively, and two opposite connection arms 10b which connect both of the holding sections 10a outside the impact absorption member 15. The connection arm 10b is bent outward in a dog leg shape from the holding section 10a. When a compressive load acts in the axial direction, the connection arm 10b is deformed and buckled while moving in a direction separating from the impact absorption member 15 wherein the bent section 10c serves as a releasing mechanism for the compressive load.

Description

本発明は、車両に衝撃吸収部材を設置するための衝撃吸収具ハウジングと、これの内部に衝撃吸収部材を備える車両用衝撃吸収具に関する。   The present invention relates to an impact absorber housing for installing an impact absorbing member in a vehicle, and an impact absorber for a vehicle including an impact absorbing member inside the housing.

自動車等の車両には、衝突時の衝撃から乗員や歩行者を保護するため、フロントフェンダパネルの内側やラダーフレームなどの各所に、衝撃エネルギーを吸収する衝撃吸収具が設置されている。このような衝撃吸収具として、例えば下記特許文献１が提案されている。特許文献１では、金属製の衝撃吸収具ハウジングと、中空円筒形の金属製衝撃吸収部材を具備する複数個の車両用衝撃吸収具を連結してなる。衝撃吸収具ハウジングは、互いに平行に配された中央平板部、平板状の前側壁部、平板状の後側壁部同士が、それぞれ外方に湾曲した円弧状の第１の連結アームと第２の連結アームとによって連結され、側面視略８字状の外郭形状に形成されている。そのうえで、中央平板部と前側壁部の間、及び中央平板部と後側壁部の間に、それぞれ衝撃吸収部材が固定されている。そして、衝撃吸収部材の軸方向に圧縮荷重が作用すると、衝撃吸収具ハウジングの衝突エネルギー吸収性能と、衝撃吸収部材の衝突エネルギー吸収性能が互いに協調して機能する構成となっている。すなわち、衝撃吸収部材が圧縮変形することによる衝撃エネルギーの吸収に加えて、衝撃吸収具ハウジングも圧縮荷重に抗して（反力を生じながら）変形する構成とし、その変形に伴って衝撃エネルギーを吸収させている。   In vehicles such as automobiles, in order to protect passengers and pedestrians from impacts at the time of a collision, shock absorbers that absorb impact energy are installed inside the front fender panel and a ladder frame. As such an impact absorber, for example, the following Patent Document 1 has been proposed. In Patent Document 1, a metal shock absorber housing and a plurality of vehicle shock absorbers each having a hollow cylindrical metal shock absorber are connected. The shock absorber housing includes a central flat plate portion, a flat plate-like front side wall portion, and a flat plate-like rear side wall portion, which are arranged in parallel with each other, and arc-shaped first connection arms and second curves that are curved outward. It is connected by a connecting arm, and is formed in an outer shape of an approximately eight shape in side view. In addition, impact absorbing members are respectively fixed between the central flat plate portion and the front side wall portion and between the central flat plate portion and the rear side wall portion. When a compressive load is applied in the axial direction of the shock absorbing member, the collision energy absorbing performance of the shock absorbing member housing and the collision energy absorbing performance of the shock absorbing member function in cooperation with each other. That is, in addition to absorbing shock energy due to the compression deformation of the shock absorbing member, the shock absorber housing is also configured to deform against the compression load (while generating a reaction force), and the shock energy is reduced along with the deformation. It is absorbed.

特開２００８−６８９６号公報JP 2008-6896 A

しかしながら、特許文献１の衝撃吸収具ハウジングは略８字形状を呈する複雑な形状であり、当該８字が縦方向に潰れるように変形させているので、衝突エネルギーの吸収効率が悪い。そこで、特許文献１では複数個の衝撃吸収具を連結することで、上記問題に対応している。しかし、これでは部品点数が増加するので、設置スペースを大型化する必要が生じたり、重量増加や設置が煩雑になるなどの問題も生じる。   However, the shock absorber housing of Patent Document 1 is a complicated shape having an approximately eight-letter shape, and the eight-letter shape is deformed so as to be crushed in the vertical direction, so the collision energy absorption efficiency is poor. Therefore, in Patent Document 1, the above problem is addressed by connecting a plurality of shock absorbers. However, this increases the number of parts, which causes problems such as the need for a larger installation space, increased weight, and complicated installation.

なお、衝撃エネルギーの吸収性能は、衝撃吸収具の変位に対する圧縮荷重（反力）によって指標される。そして、衝撃吸収具は、初期変位での圧縮荷重の立ち上がりが速く、衝撃吸収具がこれ以上圧縮変形できなくなる「底付き状態」となるまでの変位量が大きく、初期変位から底付き状態までほぼ一定の圧縮荷重を維持することが好ましい。これに対し特許文献１では、衝撃吸収具ハウジングの破損も前提としているので、初期変位での圧縮荷重の立ち上がりが悪く、しかも複数個の衝撃吸収具を連結しているので、初期変位から底付き状態までの圧縮荷重が安定していない。   The impact energy absorption performance is indicated by a compressive load (reaction force) with respect to the displacement of the impact absorber. The shock absorber has a fast rise in compression load at the initial displacement, and the amount of displacement until the shock absorber can no longer be compressed and deformed is large. It is preferable to maintain a constant compressive load. On the other hand, in Patent Document 1, since the shock absorber housing is also assumed to be damaged, the rise of the compressive load at the initial displacement is poor and a plurality of shock absorbers are connected. The compression load to the state is not stable.

また、衝撃吸収具ハウジングにも衝撃エネルギーの吸収機能を持たせると、衝撃吸収部材の衝撃エネルギー吸収性能とのバランスを考慮しながら衝撃吸収具全体の衝撃エネルギー吸収性能を設計する必要があるので、衝撃吸収具全体の衝撃エネルギー吸収性能を設計し難い。   Also, if the shock absorber housing also has a shock energy absorbing function, it is necessary to design the shock energy absorbing performance of the entire shock absorber while considering the balance with the shock energy absorbing performance of the shock absorbing member. It is difficult to design the impact energy absorption performance of the entire shock absorber.

そこで、本発明者らは上記課題に鑑みて鋭意検討の結果、衝撃吸収具ハウジングと衝撃吸収部材の機能（役割）をそれぞれ明確に分担させ、衝撃吸収具ハウジングは圧縮荷重に対して逃げる（受け流す）構造として専ら設置固定用として使用する一方、衝撃エネルギーは専ら衝撃吸収部材によって吸収させる構成とすることで、上記課題を解決できることを知見し、本発明を完成させるに至った。   In view of the above problems, the present inventors have intensively studied, and as a result, the functions (role) of the shock absorber housing and the shock absorber are clearly assigned to each other, and the shock absorber housing escapes (passes) against the compressive load. ) While being used exclusively for installation and fixing as a structure, it has been found that the above problem can be solved by adopting a configuration in which impact energy is absorbed exclusively by an impact absorbing member, and the present invention has been completed.

すなわち、本発明は上記課題を解決するものであって、簡素な構成で良好な衝撃エネルギー吸収性能を有し、且つ衝撃吸収具全体の衝撃エネルギー吸収性能の設計も容易な衝撃吸収具ハウジングと、これを用いた車両用衝撃吸収具を提供することを目的とする。   That is, the present invention solves the above-described problem, and has a shock absorber housing that has a simple structure and good shock energy absorption performance, and that can easily design the impact energy absorption performance of the entire shock absorber, It aims at providing the shock absorber for vehicles using this.

そのための手段として、本発明は車両に衝撃吸収部材を設置するための衝撃吸収具ハウジングであって、前記衝撃吸収部材の軸方向両端部をそれぞれ保持する二つの保持部と、前記衝撃吸収部材の外方において前記両保持部を連結する連結アームとを有する外郭形状を呈し、前記連結アームは、前記両保持部から外方へ向けてく字状に屈曲している。そして、衝撃吸収部材軸方向の圧縮荷重が作用したとき、前記連結アームは、これの屈曲部が前記圧縮荷重に対する逃げ機構となって前記衝撃吸収部材から離間する方向に移動しながら、座屈変形可能となっている。   As a means for this, the present invention is an impact absorber housing for installing an impact absorbing member in a vehicle, and includes two holding portions for respectively holding both axial ends of the impact absorbing member, and the impact absorbing member. It has an outer shape having a connecting arm for connecting the two holding portions on the outer side, and the connecting arm is bent in a square shape outward from the two holding portions. Then, when a compressive load in the axial direction of the shock absorbing member is applied, the connecting arm is buckled and deformed while its bent portion moves away from the shock absorbing member as a relief mechanism for the compressive load. It is possible.

これによれば、圧縮荷重が作用したときに連結アーム部分が逃げ機構となって圧縮荷重を受け流すので、基本的に衝撃吸収具ハウジング自体は衝撃エネルギーを吸収しない。また、連結アームはこれの屈曲部が衝撃吸収部材から離間する方向に移動しながら座屈変形するので、衝撃吸収部材の圧縮変形を阻害しない。これにより、衝撃エネルギーを専ら衝撃吸収部材によって的確に吸収させることができ、初期変位での圧縮荷重の立ち上がりが速く、且つ初期変位から底付き状態まで安定した圧縮荷重（反力）を維持することができる。しかも、衝撃吸収部材の目付け（密度）、厚み、外形寸法等を適宜調整することで、衝撃吸収具全体による衝撃エネルギー吸収性能の設計も容易となる。また、二つの保持部と、両保持部を連結する連結アームとを有する簡素な構成なので、コンパクト化、軽量化、コスト削減などにも有利となる。   According to this, when the compressive load is applied, the connecting arm portion serves as a relief mechanism and receives the compressive load, so that the shock absorber housing itself basically does not absorb the impact energy. In addition, the connecting arm is buckled and deformed while its bent portion moves away from the shock absorbing member, so that it does not hinder the compressive deformation of the shock absorbing member. As a result, the impact energy can be accurately absorbed exclusively by the impact absorbing member, the rise of the compression load at the initial displacement is fast, and the stable compression load (reaction force) from the initial displacement to the bottomed state is maintained. Can do. In addition, by appropriately adjusting the basis weight (density), thickness, outer dimensions, and the like of the impact absorbing member, it is easy to design the impact energy absorbing performance of the entire impact absorbing tool. Moreover, since it is a simple structure which has two holding | maintenance parts and a connection arm which connects both holding | maintenance parts, it becomes advantageous also for compactization, weight reduction, cost reduction, etc.

なお、二つの保持部のうち、少なくとも一方好ましくは双方を、前記衝撃吸収部材の軸方向端面を覆う平板状としておく。これによれば、平板状の保持部によって圧縮荷重を全面的に受け止めるので、衝撃吸収部材を確実に圧縮変形させることができる。また、衝撃吸収部材を保持する形状としては、後述のように衝撃吸収部材を外周から保持する筒状に形成することも可能であるが、この場合、筒部によって外周が保持されている部分は圧縮変形できず、衝撃エネルギーを吸収でいない部分が生じるが、平板状としていれば、このような問題はなく衝撃吸収部材の軸方向端部も圧縮変形させることができる。すなわち、衝撃吸収部材が圧縮変形する際の変位量を大きくすることができる。   Of the two holding portions, at least one, preferably both, are formed in a flat plate shape that covers the axial end surface of the shock absorbing member. According to this, since the compressive load is completely received by the flat holding portion, the shock absorbing member can be reliably compressed and deformed. Further, as the shape for holding the shock absorbing member, it can be formed in a cylindrical shape that holds the shock absorbing member from the outer periphery as described later, but in this case, the portion where the outer periphery is held by the cylindrical portion is A portion that cannot be compressed and deformed and does not absorb impact energy is produced, but if it is flat, there is no such problem, and the axial end of the impact absorbing member can also be deformed by compression. That is, the amount of displacement when the impact absorbing member is compressively deformed can be increased.

保持部を平板状とした場合、その内面には前記衝撃吸収部材を位置決め保持する位置決め片を設けておくことが好ましい。これにより、衝撃吸収部材の位置ズレが防止され、衝突による圧縮荷重を適格に受け止めて衝撃エネルギーの吸収性能を最大限発揮させることができる。   When the holding portion is flat, it is preferable that a positioning piece for positioning and holding the shock absorbing member is provided on the inner surface. Thereby, the displacement of the shock absorbing member is prevented, and the compressive load due to the collision can be properly received and the shock energy absorbing performance can be maximized.

二つの保持部のうち一方を平板状とした場合は、他方の保持部は、前述のように前記衝撃吸収部材を外周から保持する筒状に形成することもできる。なお、衝撃吸収具は車両を構成する二つの部材間に設置されることが前提なので、衝突による圧縮荷重が作用しても、車両構成部材によって衝撃吸収部材が受け止められるので、当該衝撃吸収部材が筒部から抜け外れることはない。   When one of the two holding portions is formed in a flat plate shape, the other holding portion can be formed in a cylindrical shape that holds the shock absorbing member from the outer periphery as described above. Since the shock absorber is assumed to be installed between two members constituting the vehicle, the shock absorbing member is received by the vehicle constituent member even when a compressive load due to a collision is applied. It will not come off the tube.

前記連結アームは、前記保持部の一側方のみに設けることもできるが、前記保持部の両側方において対向状に設けることが好ましい。これによれば、圧縮荷重が二つの連結アームに均等に作用し、衝撃吸収具ハウジングを円滑に変形させることができると共に、衝撃吸収部材も軸方向へ適格に圧縮変形させることができる。   The connecting arm can be provided only on one side of the holding part, but it is preferable that the connecting arm is provided opposite to both sides of the holding part. According to this, the compressive load acts equally on the two connecting arms, the shock absorber housing can be smoothly deformed, and the shock absorbing member can also be appropriately compressed and deformed in the axial direction.

また、上記構成の衝撃吸収具ハウジングと、該衝撃吸収具ハウジング内に保持された衝撃吸収部材とからなる、車両用衝撃吸収具も提案される。ここでの衝撃吸収部材としては、中心軸を囲むように平巻きされた紙製の筒部材（以下、平巻紙筒と称す）や、発泡樹脂製のブロック体を使用できる。中でも、平巻紙筒が好ましい。平巻紙筒であれば、植物由来の材料からなるので、環境負荷が小さい。また、紙筒としては、トイレットペーパーの芯のように、中心軸を囲むように螺旋状に巻回された筒部材もあるが、中心軸を囲むように平巻きされた紙筒であれば、軽量でありながら良好な衝撃エネルギーの吸収性能を有する。   There is also proposed a vehicle shock absorber including the shock absorber housing having the above-described configuration and a shock absorbing member held in the shock absorber housing. As the impact absorbing member here, a paper tube member (hereinafter referred to as a flat paper tube) that is flat wound so as to surround the central axis, or a block body made of foamed resin can be used. Among these, a flat paper tube is preferable. If it is a flat rolled paper tube, it is made of plant-derived material, so the environmental load is small. In addition, as a paper cylinder, there is a cylindrical member that is spirally wound so as to surround the central axis, like the core of toilet paper, but if it is a paper cylinder that is wound flatly so as to surround the central axis, Although it is lightweight, it has good impact energy absorption performance.

本発明によれば、簡素な構成でありながら、衝撃吸収具全体の衝撃エネルギー吸収性能の設計も容易な衝撃吸収具ハウジング及び車両用衝撃吸収具とすることができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it can be set as the impact absorber housing and vehicle impact absorber which are easy structure and can design the impact energy absorption performance of the whole impact absorber easily.

衝撃吸収具の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of an impact-absorbing tool. 衝撃吸収具の分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view of an impact absorber. 衝撃吸収具の圧縮変形状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the compression deformation state of an impact absorber. 衝撃吸収具ハウジングが変形する様子を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows a mode that an impact-absorber housing deform | transforms. 衝撃吸収具の設置例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the example of installation of an impact-absorbing tool. 図５のVI−VI線断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 5. 衝撃吸収具の衝撃エネルギー吸収性能を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the impact energy absorption performance of an impact-absorbing tool. 衝撃吸収具ハウジングの実施形態２を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows Embodiment 2 of a shock absorber housing. 衝撃吸収具ハウジングの実施形態３を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows Embodiment 3 of a shock absorber housing.

（実施形態１）
以下に、本発明の代表的な実施の形態について具体的に説明する。衝撃吸収具１は、自動車等の車両に設置されて衝突時の衝撃エネルギーを吸収するための部材であって、図１、図２に示すように、車両に設置固定するための衝撃吸収具ハウジング（以下、単にハウジングと称す）１０と、ハウジング１０内に保持された衝撃吸収部材１５とからなる。 (Embodiment 1)
Below, typical embodiment of this invention is described concretely. The shock absorber 1 is a member that is installed in a vehicle such as an automobile and absorbs impact energy at the time of collision. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shock absorber housing is installed and fixed on the vehicle. (Hereinafter simply referred to as a housing) 10 and an impact absorbing member 15 held in the housing 10.

ハウジング１０は金属製であり、衝撃吸収部材１５の軸方向両端部をそれぞれ保持する二つの保持部１０ａと、衝撃吸収部材１５の外方において両保持部１０ａを連結する連結アーム１０ｂとを有する、中空外郭形状を呈する。両保持部１０ａは、衝撃吸収部材１５の軸方向端面を覆う大きさの平板状であり、衝撃吸収部材１５を軸方向両端から挟み込むように保持する。   The housing 10 is made of metal, and includes two holding portions 10 a that respectively hold both ends of the shock absorbing member 15 in the axial direction, and a connecting arm 10 b that connects the holding portions 10 a outside the shock absorbing member 15. It has a hollow outer shape. Both holding parts 10a are flat plate-shaped with a size covering the axial end surface of the shock absorbing member 15, and hold the shock absorbing member 15 so as to be sandwiched from both axial ends.

連結アーム１０ｂは、両保持部１０ａの対向する側縁からそれぞれ外方に向けて斜めに延在して、ハウジング１０の両側方において対向状に二つ設けられており、両連結アーム１０ｂは、外方へ向けてく字状に屈曲している。本実施形態のハウジング１０は、長方形の平板材から、長手方向両端部にフランジ部１０ｃを有するような略台形状に折り曲げ形成した二枚の板材を、一方を反転させた状態でフランジ部１０ｃ同士を突き合わせて溶接等によって接合することで、中空外郭形状に形成されている。これにより、フランジ部１０ｃにおいて強固に接合されると共に、フランジ部１０ｃの根元部（連結アーム１０ｂの屈曲部）が円滑に変形可能となるので、後述のように衝突時の圧縮荷重に対して的確に逃げ機構として機能する。また、ハウジング１０は金属製で上記構成となっていることで、衝撃吸収具１を車両へ設置固定した状態での剛性も確保される。なお、連結アーム１０ｂの屈曲部は、軸方向において衝撃吸収部材１５の中央に位置している。   The connecting arms 10b extend obliquely outward from the opposing side edges of the two holding portions 10a, and are provided in two opposite directions on both sides of the housing 10. The connecting arms 10b are It is bent in a square shape toward the outside. The housing 10 according to the present embodiment includes two plate members formed by bending a rectangular plate material into a substantially trapezoidal shape having flange portions 10c at both ends in the longitudinal direction in a state in which one of the flange portions 10c is reversed. Are joined together by welding or the like to form a hollow outer shape. As a result, the flange portion 10c is firmly joined and the base portion of the flange portion 10c (the bent portion of the connecting arm 10b) can be smoothly deformed. It functions as an escape mechanism. Further, since the housing 10 is made of metal and has the above-described configuration, rigidity in a state where the shock absorber 1 is installed and fixed to the vehicle is also ensured. The bent portion of the connecting arm 10b is located at the center of the shock absorbing member 15 in the axial direction.

また、両保持部１０ａの内面であって、連結アーム１０ｂが延在する両側縁（連結アーム１０ｂの根元）には、それぞれ衝撃吸収部材１５を位置決め保持する位置決め片１０ｄが設けられている。また、両保持部１０ａの中央部には、衝撃吸収具１をボルトによって車両へ締結固定する場合にボルトが挿通されるボルト孔１０ｅが穿設されている。   Positioning pieces 10d for positioning and holding the shock absorbing members 15 are provided on both inner surfaces of the holding portions 10a and on both side edges (the base of the connecting arm 10b) where the connecting arm 10b extends. In addition, a bolt hole 10e through which a bolt is inserted when the shock absorber 1 is fastened and fixed to the vehicle with a bolt is formed in the central portion of both holding portions 10a.

衝撃吸収部材１５としては、従来からこの種の衝撃吸収具において一般的に使用されている公知の発泡樹脂製ブロック体を特に制限無く使用することもできるが、本実施形態では、中心軸を囲むように平巻きされた紙製の筒部材からなる平巻紙筒が使用されている。衝撃吸収具全体による衝撃エネルギー吸収性能は、設置箇所において想定される圧縮荷重等に応じて、衝撃吸収部材１５の目付け、厚み、外形寸法等を調整することで適宜設計すればよい。   As the shock absorbing member 15, a known foamed resin block body that has been generally used in this type of shock absorbing device can be used without any particular limitation, but in this embodiment, the central axis is surrounded. A flat-wrapped paper cylinder made of a paper-made cylindrical member is used. What is necessary is just to design the impact energy absorption performance by the whole impact-absorbing tool suitably by adjusting the fabric weight, thickness, external dimensions, etc. of the impact-absorbing member 15 according to the compression load etc. which are assumed in an installation location.

次に、衝撃吸収具１に衝突に伴う圧縮荷重が作用したときの作用機能について説明する。衝撃吸収具１は、車両の衝突方向と軸方向が平行になるように設置される。そのうえで、衝突に伴って衝撃吸収具１に軸方向の圧縮荷重が作用すると、当該圧縮荷重をハウジング１０の両保持部１０ａが受けて、図３に示すように、ハウジング１０及びその内部に配された衝撃吸収部材１５が軸方向に押し潰されるように圧縮変形する。   Next, the function when the compressive load accompanying a collision acts on the shock absorber 1 will be described. The shock absorber 1 is installed so that the collision direction of the vehicle and the axial direction are parallel. In addition, when an axial compressive load is applied to the shock absorber 1 due to a collision, the compressive load is received by both holding portions 10a of the housing 10, and as shown in FIG. The shock absorbing member 15 is compressed and deformed so as to be crushed in the axial direction.

このときハウジング１０は、図４に示すように、両連結アーム１０ｂが屈曲部（フランジ部１０ｃ）において座屈変形することで、両保持部１０ａ同士は互に平行状態を保ちながら近接する方向に変形していく。これにより、衝撃吸収部材１５は軸方向からずれることなく真っ直ぐ圧縮変形することができ、効率よく衝撃エネルギーを吸収することができる。しかも、両連結アーム１０ｂは、これの屈曲部が衝撃吸収部材１５から離間する方向に移動しながら座屈変形することで、圧縮荷重に対する逃げ機構として機能し、ハウジング１０は圧縮荷重を受け流すので、衝撃吸収部材１５の圧縮変形を阻害することもない。したがって、衝撃吸収部材１５の衝撃エネルギー吸収性能を設計するだけで、衝撃吸収具１による全体的な衝撃エネルギー吸収性能を容易に設計できる。   At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, in the housing 10, the two connecting arms 10b are buckled and deformed at the bent portion (flange portion 10c), so that the two holding portions 10a are close to each other while being kept parallel to each other. It will be transformed. Thereby, the impact absorbing member 15 can be directly compressed and deformed without being displaced from the axial direction, and the impact energy can be efficiently absorbed. Moreover, both the connecting arms 10b function as a relief mechanism against the compressive load by the buckling deformation while the bent portion of the connecting arm 10b moves away from the shock absorbing member 15, and the housing 10 receives the compressive load. The compressive deformation of the shock absorbing member 15 is not hindered. Therefore, the overall impact energy absorption performance of the impact absorber 1 can be easily designed simply by designing the impact energy absorption performance of the impact absorbing member 15.

衝撃吸収具１は、典型的にはボルト孔１０ｅを介してハウジング１０を車両の適所へボルト留めすればよいが、保持部１０ａの外面を溶接や接着等によって車両へ固定することもできる。衝撃吸収具１の設置場所は、乗員や歩行者等を保護するために衝突エネルギーを吸収すべき場所であれば特に限定されない。例えば、フェンダパネルとボディパネルとの間、バンパリインホースとサイドメンバとの間、ドアパネルとドアトリムとの間、ピラーとピラートリムとの間、天井パネルとルーフライナとの間、フロアパネルとカーペットとの間などに設置することができる。   The shock absorber 1 typically has only to bolt the housing 10 to an appropriate position of the vehicle via the bolt hole 10e, but the outer surface of the holding portion 10a can also be fixed to the vehicle by welding or bonding. The installation location of the shock absorber 1 is not particularly limited as long as it is a location where collision energy should be absorbed in order to protect passengers, pedestrians, and the like. For example, between fender panels and body panels, between bumper in hoses and side members, between door panels and door trims, between pillars and pillar trims, between ceiling panels and roof liners, between floor panels and carpets. It can be installed in between.

図５、図６に、フロントフェンダパネルとボディパネルとの間に衝撃吸収具１を設置した例を示す。図５はエンジンルームの内側から見た側面図であり、図６は図５のVI−VI線断面図である。   5 and 6 show an example in which the shock absorber 1 is installed between the front fender panel and the body panel. 5 is a side view seen from the inside of the engine room, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG.

図５，６に示すように、車体前部の側面にはフロントフェンダパネル５０が配設されている。フロントフェンダパネル５０は、前輪の上方側を覆い意匠面を構成する外側縦壁部５０ａと、当該外側縦壁部５０ａの上端部から垂下されて内方（エンジンルーム側）へ水平に屈曲された内側縦壁部５０ｂとを有する。フロントフェンダパネル５０の内側縦壁部５０ｂの下方には、エプロンアッパメンバ５４が配設されている。エプロンアッパメンバ５４は下向きに開放された略コ字状断面とされており、車両前後方向を長手方向として配設されている。   As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a front fender panel 50 is disposed on the side surface of the front portion of the vehicle body. The front fender panel 50 covers the upper side of the front wheel and forms an outer surface vertical wall portion 50a that forms a design surface. The front fender panel 50 is suspended from the upper end portion of the outer vertical wall portion 50a and bent inward (engine room side) horizontally. And an inner vertical wall portion 50b. An apron upper member 54 is disposed below the inner vertical wall portion 50b of the front fender panel 50. The apron upper member 54 has a substantially U-shaped cross-section opened downward, and is disposed with the longitudinal direction of the vehicle as the longitudinal direction.

左右一対のフロントフェンダパネル５０の内側縦壁部５０ｂの上端部間には、エンジンルームを開閉するフード５６が配設されている。フード５６の幅方向両端部の下縁側には、ゴム製のシール材（図示せず）が配設されており、フロントフェンダパネル５０の内側縦壁部５０ｂの垂直部５０ｂ1へ弾性変形した状態で圧接されるようになっている。フロントフェンダパネル５０の内側縦壁部５０ｂは、前後一対の衝撃吸収具１を介してエプロンアッパメンバ５４に取り付けられている。衝撃吸収具１は、上方の保持部１０ａにおいてフロントフェンダパネル５０の内側縦壁部５０ｂへボルト５８によって締結固定されている。下方の保持部１０ａも、エプロンアッパメンバ５４に当接している。 A hood 56 for opening and closing the engine room is disposed between the upper ends of the inner vertical wall portions 50b of the pair of left and right front fender panels 50. A rubber sealing material (not shown) is disposed on the lower edge side of both end portions in the width direction of the hood 56 and is elastically deformed to the vertical portion 50b 1 of the inner vertical wall portion 50b of the front fender panel 50. It comes to be pressed with. The inner vertical wall portion 50 b of the front fender panel 50 is attached to the apron upper member 54 via a pair of front and rear shock absorbers 1. The shock absorber 1 is fastened and fixed by bolts 58 to the inner vertical wall portion 50b of the front fender panel 50 in the upper holding portion 10a. The lower holding portion 10 a is also in contact with the apron upper member 54.

そして、車両が歩行者等と衝突してフロントフェンダパネル５０へ上方から荷重が負荷されると、当該荷重を受けて衝撃吸収具１が圧縮変形することで衝撃エネルギーが吸収され、歩行者や乗員へのダメージが軽減される構成となっている。   When the vehicle collides with a pedestrian or the like and a load is applied to the front fender panel 50 from above, the shock absorber 1 is compressed and deformed in response to the load, so that the impact energy is absorbed, and the pedestrian or passenger The damage is reduced.

以下に、上記実施形態１と同じ構成の具体的な実施例を用いて衝撃エネルギーの吸収性能を評価した結果について説明するが、本発明は当該実施例に限られるものではない。   The results of evaluating the impact energy absorption performance using a specific example having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to this example.

評価用の実施例には次の衝撃吸収具を用いた。
＜ハウジング＞
材質；アルミニウム（Ａ５０５２）
板厚；０．５ｍｍ
保持部寸法；４２×４２ｍｍ
内面高さ；７０ｍｍ
位置決め片の高さ；５ｍｍ
連結アームの外方突出量；１０ｍｍ
＜衝撃吸収部材＞
種類；平巻紙筒
外形寸法；４０×４０ｍｍ
高さ；７０ｍｍ
厚み；２．８ｍｍ
目付け；約２２００ｇ／ｍ2 The following shock absorbers were used in the examples for evaluation.
<Housing>
Material: Aluminum (A5052)
Plate thickness: 0.5mm
Holding part dimensions: 42 x 42 mm
Inner surface height: 70mm
Positioning piece height: 5 mm
Outward protrusion amount of connecting arm; 10mm
<Shock absorbing member>
Type: Flat-wrapped paper cylinder External dimensions: 40 x 40 mm
Height: 70mm
Thickness: 2.8mm
Weight per unit: about 2200 g / m 2

上記構成の実施例を、株式会社島津製作所製の圧縮試験機（オートグラフＡＧ−１００ＫＮＥ型）へ設置し、２ｍｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で軸方向に圧縮した場合の、変位量と圧縮荷重（反力）との関係を測定した。その結果を図７に示す。   Displacement amount and compressive load (reaction force) when an example of the above configuration is installed in a compression tester (Autograph AG-100KNE type) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation and compressed in the axial direction under the condition of 2 mm / min. ) Was measured. The result is shown in FIG.

図７の結果から明らかなように、本発明の衝撃吸収具によれば、初期変位での圧縮荷重の立ち上がりが速く、且つ初期変位から底付き状態まで安定した圧縮荷重（反力）が維持されているので、良好な衝撃エネルギー吸収性能を有することが確認された。   As is apparent from the results of FIG. 7, according to the shock absorber of the present invention, the compression load rises quickly at the initial displacement, and a stable compression load (reaction force) is maintained from the initial displacement to the bottomed state. Therefore, it was confirmed that the battery has a good impact energy absorption performance.

（変形例）
以上、本発明の代表的な実施形態１について説明したが、これに限られず本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変形が可能である。例えば、図８に示す実施形態２のように、ハウジング１０を構成する二つの保持部のうち、一方を平板状の保持部１０ａとし、他方の保持部１０ｆは、衝撃吸収部材を外周から保持する筒状に形成することもできる。この場合、筒状の保持部１０ｆには、位置決め片１０ｄは不要である。なお、筒状の保持部１０ｆ側は車両の構成部材へ固定できないので、ボルト孔１０ｅを有する平板状の保持部１０ａ側において車両へ固定することになる。但し、衝撃吸収具を車両へ設置した際、筒状の保持部１０ｆも車両の構成部材へ当接支持されているので、衝突時に内部の衝撃吸収部材が筒状の保持部１０ｆから抜け外れることはない。その他は上記実施形態１と同じなので、同じ部材（部位）に同じ符号を付してその説明を省略する。 (Modification)
The representative embodiment 1 of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, as in Embodiment 2 shown in FIG. 8, one of the two holding portions constituting the housing 10 is a flat plate-like holding portion 10 a, and the other holding portion 10 f holds the shock absorbing member from the outer periphery. It can also be formed in a cylindrical shape. In this case, the positioning piece 10d is not necessary for the cylindrical holding portion 10f. In addition, since the cylindrical holding part 10f side cannot be fixed to the structural member of a vehicle, it fixes to a vehicle in the flat holding part 10a side which has the bolt hole 10e. However, when the shock absorber is installed in the vehicle, the cylindrical holding portion 10f is also abutted and supported by the constituent members of the vehicle, so that the internal shock absorbing member is detached from the cylindrical holding portion 10f in the event of a collision. There is no. The other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same members (parts) are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

また、図９に示す実施形態３のように、連結アーム１０ｂはハウジング１０の一側方のみに設けるだけでもよい。この場合、二つの保持部１０ａ・１０ｆは、片持ち梁状に連結支持される。その他は実施形態１や実施形態２と同じなので、同じ部材（部位）に同じ符号を付してその説明を省略する。当然、二つの保持部が共に平板状の保持部１０ａの場合であっても、ハウジング１０の一側方のみに連結アーム１０ｂを設けることもできる。   Further, as in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the connecting arm 10 b may be provided only on one side of the housing 10. In this case, the two holding portions 10a and 10f are connected and supported in a cantilever shape. Others are the same as those in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and therefore, the same members (parts) are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted. Of course, even if the two holding portions are both flat plate-like holding portions 10a, the connecting arm 10b can be provided only on one side of the housing 10.

また、上記実施形態１〜３では二枚の板部材を軸方向（図面基準では上下）に突き合せ接合しているが、二枚の板部材を軸方向と直交する方向（図面基準では左右）から突き合せて接合することもできる。また、必ずしも二枚の板部材によって構成する必要も無く、各部位を構成する複数枚（三枚以上）の板部材をそれぞれ溶接して連結させることもできる。さらに、連結アーム１０ｂは、圧縮荷重に対して逃がし機構となるようなく字状に屈曲している限り、必ずしもフランジ部１０ｃは必要ない。   In the first to third embodiments, the two plate members are butt-joined in the axial direction (up and down in the drawing standard), but the two plate members are perpendicular to the axial direction (left and right in the drawing standard). Can also be joined together. Further, it is not always necessary to use two plate members, and a plurality of (three or more) plate members constituting each part can be welded and connected. Further, the flange portion 10c is not necessarily required as long as the connecting arm 10b is bent in a letter shape so as not to escape from a compressive load.

１ 衝撃吸収具
１０ ハウジング
１０ａ 平板状の保持部
１０ｂ 連結アーム
１０ｄ 位置決め片
１０ｆ 筒状の保持部
１５ 衝撃吸収部材
５０ フロントフェンダパネル
５４ エプロンアッパメンバ

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shock absorber 10 Housing 10a Flat holding part 10b Connecting arm 10d Positioning piece 10f Cylindrical holding part 15 Shock absorbing member 50 Front fender panel 54 Apron upper member

Claims (7)

車両に衝撃吸収部材を設置するための衝撃吸収具ハウジングであって、
前記衝撃吸収部材の軸方向両端部をそれぞれ保持する二つの保持部と、前記衝撃吸収部材の外方において前記両保持部を連結する連結アームとを有する外郭形状であり、
前記連結アームは、前記両保持部から外方へ向けてく字状に屈曲しており、
衝撃吸収部材軸方向の圧縮荷重が作用したとき、前記連結アームは、これの屈曲部が前記圧縮荷重に対する逃げ機構となって前記衝撃吸収部材から離間する方向に移動しながら座屈変形可能な、衝撃吸収具ハウジング。 A shock absorber housing for installing a shock absorbing member in a vehicle,
It is an outer shape having two holding portions that respectively hold both axial end portions of the shock absorbing member, and a connecting arm that connects the holding portions outside the shock absorbing member,
The connecting arm is bent like a letter toward the outside from the both holding portions,
When a compressive load is applied in the axial direction of the shock absorbing member, the connecting arm can be buckled and deformed while its bent portion becomes a relief mechanism for the compressive load and moves away from the shock absorbing member. Shock absorber housing. 前記二つの保持部のうち、一方又は双方が、前記衝撃吸収部材の軸方向端面を覆う平板状であり、
該平板状の保持部の内面には、前記衝撃吸収部材を位置決め保持する位置決め片が設けられている、請求項１に記載の衝撃吸収具ハウジング。 One or both of the two holding portions is a flat plate covering the axial end surface of the shock absorbing member,
The shock absorber housing according to claim 1, wherein a positioning piece for positioning and holding the shock absorbing member is provided on an inner surface of the flat holding portion. 前記二つの保持部のうち一方を平板状とした場合、
他方の保持部は、前記衝撃吸収部材を外周から保持する筒状に形成されている、請求項２に記載の衝撃吸収具ハウジング。 When one of the two holding portions is flat,
The shock absorber housing according to claim 2, wherein the other holding portion is formed in a cylindrical shape that holds the shock absorbing member from the outer periphery. 前記連結アームは、前記保持部の両側方において対向状に設けられている、請求項１ないし請求項３のいずれかに記載の衝撃吸収具ハウジング。   The shock absorber housing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the connecting arm is provided in an opposing manner on both sides of the holding portion. 請求項１ないし請求項４のいずれかに記載の衝撃吸収具ハウジングと、該衝撃吸収具ハウジング内に保持された衝撃吸収部材とからなる、車両用衝撃吸収具。   A vehicle shock absorber comprising the shock absorber housing according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and a shock absorbing member held in the shock absorber housing. 前記衝撃吸収部材が、中心軸を囲むように平巻きされた紙製の筒部材である、請求項５に記載の車両用衝撃吸収具。   The vehicle shock absorber according to claim 5, wherein the shock absorbing member is a paper tube member wound flat so as to surround a central axis. 前記衝撃吸収部材が、発泡樹脂製のブロック体である、請求項５に記載の車両用衝撃吸収具。

The vehicle shock absorber according to claim 5, wherein the shock absorbing member is a block body made of foamed resin.

JP2011180377A 2011-08-22 2011-08-22 Impact absorber housing and impact absorber for vehicle using the same Pending JP2013044339A (en)

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