JP2013028868A - Long and short composite spun yarn, fabric including the same and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a long and short composite yarn having heat-storing and insulating properties in spite of having a thin thickness, and capable of obtaining a fabric excellent in pilling resistance, soft touch feeling, a water absorbing property, and a water-absorbing and diffusing property.SOLUTION: There is provided a long and short composite yarn in which a thermoplastic fiber capable of selectively absorbing solar light as a filament forms a core portion, and a solvent-spun cellulose fiber as a staple fiber is wound around the core portion to form a sheath portion to thereby bind the core portion and the sheath portion. A weight ratio of the core portion to the sheath portion is (the core portion)/(the sheath portion)=10/90-60/40, and the long and short composite yarn is substantially twistless.

Description

  The present invention relates to a long / short composite spun yarn, a fabric including the long / short composite spun yarn, and a method for producing the long / short composite spun yarn.

  Conventionally, various heat insulating materials have been studied for use in applications such as innerwear and sports clothing that require high heat retention. As such a heat insulating material, for example, a three-layer structure knitted fabric in which a front surface layer and a back surface layer are tacked with a binding yarn, and a heat insulating knitted fabric in which a hollow fiber is used as the binding yarn has been proposed. (Patent Document 1). However, the heat insulating knitted fabric of Patent Document 1 only uses the heat retaining power by creating an air layer with hollow fibers, and does not have a spontaneous heat accumulating function, so the heat accumulating heat retaining property is insufficient. . Moreover, due to the three-layer structure, there was a drawback that the resulting fabric was thick.

  Moreover, the fabric which has the heat storage heat retention property formed by mixing sunlight selective absorption heat storage fiber and hollow fiber is proposed (patent document 2). However, since the fabric of Patent Document 2 uses synthetic fibers, it is inferior in texture, water absorption and water absorption diffusibility. In addition, since a special device is required when the solar selective absorption heat storage fiber and the hollow fiber are mixed, there is a drawback that the loom or knitting machine is restricted in terms of facilities and organization.

  A plurality of sheath yarns made of short fiber yarns are arranged around a core yarn made of long fiber yarns, surrounding the core yarns in parallel in a cylindrical shape, and further, short fiber yarns are wound around the outer layer. A three-layer long / short bundling composite yarn having a bundling portion has been proposed (Patent Document 3). However, the fabric obtained from the composite yarn of Patent Document 3 is inferior in heat storage and heat retention, and is unsuitable for uses that require higher heat retention, such as clothing for autumn and winter. In addition, the long and short bundling composite yarns are substantially twisted. Therefore, when a fabric having the composite yarn as a constituent fiber is used for actual use, fluff is likely to occur (that is, anti-pilling property is reduced). Inferior).

Japanese Patent No. 3880320 Japanese Patent No. 3831076 JP 2009-242975 A

  The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, have a high heat storage and heat retaining property despite its thin thickness, and have anti-pilling properties, soft texture, water absorption and water absorption diffusibility The present invention provides a long and short composite spun yarn capable of obtaining a fabric excellent in the quality.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have reached the present invention.
That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A sunlight selective absorption type thermoplastic fiber that is a long fiber constitutes a core part, and a solvent-spun cellulose fiber that is a short fiber is wound around the core part to form a sheath part. Long and short composite spun yarn in which the core portion and the sheath portion are bound, and the mass ratio of the core portion to the sheath portion is (core portion) / (sheath portion) = 10/90 to 60/40, and substantially Long and short composite spun yarn characterized by being untwisted.
(2) A fabric comprising the long and short composite spun yarn of (1) as a constituent fiber.
(3) The fabric according to (2), wherein the fabric is in any of a circular knitting, a weft knitting, a warp knitting, and a woven fabric.
(4) A method for producing a long / short composite spun yarn, wherein the long / short composite spun yarn of (1) is spun using an air spinning machine.

  According to the present invention, a long fiber containing fine particles having a light-absorbing heat conversion function is used as a core, and when the short fiber is wound around the core to form a sheath, it is substantially untwisted. When the obtained long and short composite spun yarn is used as a constituent fiber of the fabric, it is possible to provide a long and short composite spun yarn that can exhibit high heat storage and heat retaining properties despite its thin thickness. And since the spun yarn of this invention uses the fiber which has a thermoplastic resin as a main component for a core part, the effect that it is lightweight is show | played. In addition, since it is substantially non-twisted when used as a constituent fiber of the fabric, it has excellent anti-pilling properties and can exhibit soft texture, water absorption and water absorption diffusibility due to cellulosic fibers. Long and short composite spun yarn can be provided. Fabrics obtained from such long and short composite spun yarns are suitable for applications such as innerwear and sports apparel where high heat retention is required without being thick and water absorption and water diffusibility are required. Used for.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The long and short composite spun yarn of the present invention has a long-fiber solar selective absorption type thermoplastic fiber (hereinafter referred to as fiber A) as a core, and a solvent-spun cellulose fiber that is a short fiber around the core. A core part and a sheath part are bound by forming a sheath part by winding (hereinafter referred to as fiber B). In addition, this long / short composite spun yarn needs to be substantially untwisted.

The fiber A will be described below.
The fiber A is a fiber containing fine particles having a thermoplastic resin as a main component and a light absorption heat conversion function.

  Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyamide resins such as nylon 6 and nylon 66; polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate; polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Of these, polyethylene terephthalate is preferable from the viewpoint of yarn strength, dyeability, fastness, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Thermoplastic resins are advantageous in that they are lightweight and have excellent fiber formability.

  The fine particles having a light-absorbing heat conversion function are substances that can absorb visible light and near-infrared light energy, convert the absorbed energy into heat energy, or emit the absorbed energy. That is, it is a fine particle having a characteristic of generating heat when irradiated with sunlight. Examples of such fine particles include transition metal carbide fine particles, carbon fine particles, and white ceramic fine particles.

  Examples of transition metal carbide fine particles include fine particles formed of zirconium carbide, iron carbide, copper carbide, and the like. Examples of the white ceramic fine particles include stannic oxide fine particles doped with antimony oxide, or white fine particles obtained by coating the stannic oxide with another inorganic substance.

  Among the above-mentioned fine particles having a light absorption heat conversion function, zirconium carbide is preferable from the viewpoint of good light absorption heat conversion efficiency.

  The size of the fine particles having a light absorption heat conversion function is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 20 μm, and more preferably 0.1 to 10 μm. If it is less than 0.01 μm, handling may be difficult, while if it exceeds 20 μm, the production of fiber A may be difficult.

  Although content of the microparticles | fine-particles which have the light absorption heat conversion function in the fiber A is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is 0.1-20 mass% with respect to the fiber A whole, and is 0.3-10 mass%. It is more preferable. When the amount is less than 0.1% by mass, the solar absorption performance cannot be sufficiently exhibited, and the heat storage and heat retaining properties of the obtained long and short composite spun yarn may be inferior. On the other hand, when it exceeds 20% by mass, the fluidity of the thermoplastic resin containing the fine particles is lowered, and the spinnability of the fiber A is deteriorated, and at the same time, the strength is sometimes lowered.

  The method for incorporating the fine particles having the light absorption heat conversion function into the fiber A is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of directly mixing and spinning the thermoplastic resin that is a raw material polymer of the fiber A. . The spinning method is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used.

  The fiber A may be a raw yarn or a false twisted yarn. The fiber A may be a monofilament or a multifilament.

  The thickness of the fiber A can be appropriately selected depending on the application and is not particularly limited, but is preferably 33 dtex to 167 dtex, and more preferably 56 dtex to 110 dtex. If it is less than 33 dtex, the solar absorption performance may not be sufficiently exhibited. If it exceeds 167 dtex, the fiber B described later wraps around the fiber A as the core part to form the sheath part. It may be difficult to form the structure.

The fiber B will be described below.
The fiber B which is a solvent-spun cellulose fiber is a fiber having a soft texture, water absorption and water absorption diffusivity, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a fiber obtained as follows.

  That is, the pulp is dissolved in an appropriate solvent, and then the solvent is filtered to remove impurities. Thereafter, a filament is obtained by spinning the solvent after filtration by a dry spinning method or a wet spinning method, and the filament B is cut to an appropriate length to obtain a fiber B which is a short fiber yarn. The solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve pulp, and examples thereof include N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpiperidine-N-oxide, and dimethylacetamide. .

  The thickness of the fiber B is preferably 1 to 4 dtex, more preferably 1 to 3 dtex, since stable spinning is possible and, in addition, when the fabric is used later, it can be comfortably worn for clothing. preferable.

  The fiber length of the fiber B is preferably 30 to 60 mm, more preferably 30 to 50 mm, since stable spinning is possible and, in addition, when it is later made into a fabric, it can be comfortably worn for clothing. preferable. In addition, when the fiber B is a long fiber, the obtained long and short composite spun yarn is not substantially untwisted, and actual twist is developed. The effect of being substantially untwisted will be described later.

  In the long and short composite spun yarn of the present invention, the mass ratio of the core part to the sheath part needs to be (core part) / (sheath part) = 10 / 90-60 / 40, and 20 / 80-50 / 50 is preferable, and 30/70 to 40/60 is more preferable. When the ratio of the fiber A is less than 10% by mass, sufficient heat storage and heat retention performance cannot be obtained, and in addition, the lightness is inferior. On the other hand, when the ratio of the fiber A exceeds 60% by mass, there is a problem that the soft texture, water absorption, and water absorption diffusibility of the fiber B cannot be expressed in the fabric. In addition, since the ratio of the sheath part which contains air effectively decreases, it becomes inferior also to heat storage heat retention.

  As described above, the long and short composite spun yarn of the present invention uses the fiber A as a core part, and the core part and the sheath part are bound by forming the sheath part by winding the fiber B around the core part. Virtually no twist. Since the long and short composite spun yarn of the present invention is substantially untwisted, the fiber B forming the sheath portion is randomly wound around the fiber A. As a result, since air can be effectively contained in the sheath portion, there is an effect that heat storage heat retention is improved. Furthermore, since it is substantially untwisted, an extra load is not applied to the sheath part as compared with the case where actual twist is manifested, and short fibers can be prevented from jumping to the surface of the spun yarn. As a result, the expression of fluff can be suppressed, and the effect of excellent anti-pilling properties is exhibited. Furthermore, since the fibers B forming the sheath are randomly wound around the fibers A, the light weight is excellent. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to provide an air layer separately, there is an effect that, when a fabric is formed, it does not become thick.

  In the present invention, “no twist” means a state in which the sheath yarn of the long and short composite spun yarn is substantially not twisted as a fiber bundle.

The method for producing the long and short composite spun yarn of the present invention will be described below.
The primary method for producing the long and short composite spun yarn of the present invention is to obtain a substantially untwisted spun yarn.

  First, fiber A (long fiber yarn) and fiber B (short fiber yarn) are prepared. Each fiber can be obtained by a known production method. Then, both are spun, that is, the fiber B serving as the sheath is wound around the fiber A serving as the core to bind them together, thereby obtaining the long and short composite spun yarn of the present invention.

  As a method of spinning the fiber A and the fiber B, it is necessary to use an air spinning machine for the purpose of making the obtained long and short composite spun yarn substantially untwisted.

The advantages of using an air spinning machine are described below.
The air spinning machine is usually used for spinning thick fibers (for example, mainly fibers of about 20 cotton, that is, fibers having a total fineness of about 266 dtex) due to structural characteristics. When an air spinning machine is used, a spun yarn can be obtained by bundling fibers B (short fibers) serving as a sheath portion with fibers A (long fibers) serving as a core portion by a swirling action of an air flow. Then, using an apparatus for ordinary long fibers having an appropriate feed roller and a yarn path guide, the fiber A serving as the core is supplied to the center of the fiber B serving as the sheath before the spun yarn forming unit. Thus, a non-twisted spun yarn can be easily obtained without using a special device. On the other hand, when a spinning machine other than an air spinning machine such as a ring spinning machine is used, actual twist appears in the obtained spun yarn. Therefore, a fabric obtained using such a spun yarn has a problem that heat storage and heat retention properties are lowered and pilling frequently occurs.

  Various spinning methods using the swirling action of the air flow have been proposed. In order to obtain the long and short composite spun yarn of the present invention, an apparatus that uses the swirling force generated by the high-speed air flow ejected from the spinning nozzle. Is preferably used. Examples of such an apparatus include Murata-Vortex-Spinner (Murata Machinery Co., Ltd.) (MVS). In the present invention, from the viewpoint of the texture and water absorption of the obtained long and short composite spun yarn, it is preferable that the coverage when the core portion is covered with the sheath portion is good. For example, it is preferable that the area occupied by the short fibers in the sheath is 50 to 90% with respect to the entire surface of the core. According to the spinning method using the above MVS or the like, the above-described coverage can be easily achieved.

  The processing speed when spinning the long / short composite spun yarn of the present invention is preferably 150 to 400 m / min, and more preferably 200 to 350 m / min, from the viewpoint of improving the coverage.

  The thickness of the long and short composite spun yarn of the present invention obtained as described above can be appropriately used for the purpose, but from the viewpoint of the texture of the resulting fabric and the thickness of the fabric, in terms of cotton count The spun yarn is preferably 20 to 80, and more preferably 40 to 60. Moreover, it is preferable that it is 66-265 denier by denier number, and 88-133 denier is more preferable.

  By using the above-mentioned long and short composite spun yarn as a constituent fiber, the fabric of the present invention can be obtained. The fabric of the present invention may contain fibers other than the long and short composite spun yarns of the present invention, but from the viewpoint of texture and physical properties, the long and short composite spun yarns are preferably contained in an amount of 50% by mass or more. 80% by mass or more is more preferable, and 100% by mass is even more preferable. If it is less than 50% by mass, the effect of the present invention that has high heat storage and heat retention and excellent anti-pilling property, soft texture, water absorption and water absorption diffusivity cannot be achieved. There is a case.

Moreover, the fabric weight of the fabric of the present invention is preferably 50 to 300 g / m ² and more preferably 150 to 250 g / m ² from the viewpoint of texture and wearing feeling.

  Such a fabric may be in any form of circular knitting, flat knitting, warp knitting, and woven fabric. Further, the fabric may be subjected to normal scouring, dyeing, resin processing, or the like, if necessary.

  EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The evaluation method used in the present invention is shown below.
(1) Thermal storage heat retention The fabric obtained in the examples and comparative examples was cut into a size of 20 cm × 20 cm to obtain a sample. Next, in a room of constant temperature and humidity at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 65%, the sample was attached to a heat insulating plate, irradiated with light from a white bulb of 100 W from a distance of 1.5 m, and an infrared sensor (manufactured by JEOL Ltd., “ The surface temperature of the sample was measured using Thermoviewer JTG-4200 "). The time when the surface temperature of the sample stopped increasing was judged to have reached thermal equilibrium. Evaluation was made according to the following criteria.
A: The surface temperature of the sample when reaching thermal equilibrium is 26 ° C. or higher.
○: The surface temperature of the sample when reaching thermal equilibrium is 22 ° C. or higher and lower than 26 ° C.
X: The surface temperature of the sample when reaching thermal equilibrium is less than 22 ° C.

(2) Anti-pilling property Measured after a frictional operation for 5 hours according to JIS L-1076 ICI method (Method A). Evaluation was made according to the following criteria.
A: Grade determination was grade 4 or higher.
○: The grade was grade 3.
X: The grade judgment was 2nd grade or less.

(3) Texture By the handling test (sensory evaluation), the evaluation was made according to the following three criteria.
A: Soft feeling is excellent.
○: Soft feeling is normal.
X: It is inferior to a soft feeling.

(4) Water absorption According to JIS L-1907 dropping method, it evaluated on the following references | standards.
A: The test result of the dropping method is 3 seconds or less.
A: The test result of the dropping method is 4 to 10 seconds.
X: The test result of the dropping method is 11 seconds or more.

(5) Water absorption diffusivity A sample was placed on a flat surface, and 0.1 ml of water was dropped from a height of 0.5 cm with a pipette. The diffusion area after 60 seconds from below was measured and evaluated according to the following criteria.
A: The diffusion area is 300 cm ² or more.
A: The diffusion area is 200 to 299 cm ² .
X: The diffusion area is 199 cm ² or less.

(6) Lightweight Mass (g / m ² ) of a sample obtained by cutting the fabrics obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples into a size of 20 cm × 20 cm in a standard state (that is, 20 ° C., humidity 65%) Was calculated with an average value of n = 10 and evaluated according to the following criteria.
A: The mass is less than 200 g / m ² .
○: Mass is 200 to 300 g / m ² .
X: Mass exceeds 300 g / m < ² >.

(7) Number of fluffs in spun yarns The number of fluffs in the long and short composite spun yarns obtained in the examples and comparative examples was measured using a fluff measuring instrument F-INDEXTESTA (manufactured by Shikishima Technos), with a roller speed of 30 m / min. The measurement was performed under the condition of a gauge of 3 mm, and the number of fluffs per 10 m was displayed. In Comparative Example 1 described later, the number of fluff is not evaluated because normal semi-dal polyester filaments are used instead of long and short composite spun yarns.

Example 1
Solar selective absorption type polyethylene terephthalate filament yarn (trade name “Solar Alpha” manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) (33 dtx / 12f) (polyethylene terephthalate resin as a main component and zirconium carbide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 0.7 μm in the core. 3% by mass) was used, and a solvent-spun cellulose fiber sliver (manufactured by Lenzing Co., trade name “Lyocell”) (fineness: 1.3 dtx, fiber length: 38 mm) was used for the sheath.

  A sliver of the above-mentioned sunlight selective absorption type polyethylene terephthalate filament yarn and solvent-spun cellulose fiber was placed on an air spinning machine (Murata Machinery Co., Ltd., “Murata-Vortex-Spinner”) having a roller-type draft mechanism, 300 m / A long and short composite spun yarn having a cotton spinning count of 50 and a denier number of 106 denier was obtained at a spinning speed of min. The mass ratio of the core part to the sheath part in this long / short composite spun yarn was (core part) / (sheath part) = 30/70. Moreover, it was substantially untwisted.

Using this long / short composite spun yarn, a smooth knitted fabric (circular knitted fabric) was knitted with 38 "28G using a double knit machine (" LPJ-H type "manufactured by Fukuhara Seiki Co., Ltd.). The knitted fabric was refined by a conventional method, and then dyed and finished to obtain a fabric having a basis weight of 200 g / m ^2. The obtained fabric was evaluated, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

(Example 2)
A long and short composite spun yarn and fabric were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of the core part to the sheath part was (core part) / (sheath part) = 50/50 (mass ratio). It was attached to evaluation. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

(Example 3)
A long and short composite spun yarn and fabric were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of the core part to the sheath part was (core part) / (sheath part) = 10/90 (mass ratio). It was attached to evaluation. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Example 4
A long and short composite spun yarn and fabric were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of the core part to the sheath part was (core part) / (sheath part) = 60/40 (mass ratio). It was attached to evaluation. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

(Comparative Example 1)
In the same manner as in Example 1, except that a normal semi-dal polyester filament (manufactured by Unitika, containing 0.4% by mass of titanium oxide) (84 dtx / 36f) was used instead of the long and short composite spun yarn. Fabrics were prepared and subjected to evaluation. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

(Comparative Example 2)
Instead of long and short composite spun yarns, spun yarns composed only of solvent-spun cellulose fibers (manufactured by Lenzing, trade name “Lyocell”) (British cotton count: 50/1, denier number: 106 denier, twist number: A fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 25T / inch) was used, and subjected to evaluation. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

(Comparative Example 3)
In place of the solvent-spun cellulose fiber sliver, a spun yarn (British cotton count: 50/1, twist factor K: 3.3) composed only of solvent-spun cellulose fiber (manufactured by Lenzing, trade name “Lyocell”). 8) and using a ring spinning machine ("RX230 type" manufactured by Toyota Industries Corporation) instead of the air spinning machine, except that a composite yarn of long and short fibers is obtained at the spinning stage. Fabrics were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 and subjected to evaluation. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

  As is apparent from Table 1, the fabrics obtained from the long and short composite spun yarns of Examples 1 to 4 have high heat storage and heat retention properties, and have anti-pilling properties and a soft texture, despite being thin. It was excellent in water absorption and water absorption diffusivity.

  The fabric obtained in Comparative Example 1 was inferior in heat storage heat retention, texture, water absorption, and water absorption diffusivity because the sheath was composed of filaments that did not contain solvent-spun cellulose fibers.

  The fabric obtained in Comparative Example 2 was inferior in heat storage heat retention and anti-pilling properties because a spun yarn not containing sunlight selective absorption type thermoplastic fiber was used.

  Since the fabric obtained in Comparative Example 3 was obtained from a composite yarn including a spun yarn having a real twist, the fabric was inferior in anti-pilling property, fluff feeling, and the number of fluff. Moreover, it was remarkably inferior to lightness.

Claims (4)

  A solar selective absorption type thermoplastic fiber that is a long fiber constitutes a core part, and a solvent-spun cellulose fiber that is a short fiber is wound around the core part to form a sheath part. Long and short composite spun yarn in which the parts are bundled, and the mass ratio of the core part to the sheath part is (core part) / (sheath part) = 10/90 to 60/40, and is substantially untwisted Long and short composite spun yarn characterized by being.   A fabric comprising the long and short composite spun yarn according to claim 1 as a constituent fiber.   The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the fabric is in the form of a circular knitting, a weft knitting, a warp knitting, or a woven fabric.   A method for producing a long / short composite spun yarn, wherein the long / short composite spun yarn according to claim 1 is spun using an air spinning machine.