JP2013024336A - Lubrication device for selective gear type transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cause the quantity of lubricating oil supplied from a distribution hole, in a radial direction, formed at each of a plurality of spots in an axial direction of a transmission shaft to be a suitable value, respectively, in a lubrication device for a selective gear type transmission.SOLUTION: A transmission shaft 20 supported rotatable and horizontal in a casing 10 accommodating lubricating oil on a bottom supports transmission gears 21A-21C relatively rotatable at a plurality of spots in an axial line direction, respectively, and includes a shaft hole 20a having an introduction port 20b for introducing the lubricating oil at least on an end face at one terminal side in the axial line direction. At positions to provide the transmission gears 21A-21C in the transmission shaft 20, a plurality of distribution holes 20c-20e are formed which make an outer circumferential surface communicate with the shaft hole and in the distribution holes 20c, 20d closer to the introduction port, oil quantity adjusting pipes 29a, 29b are provided while being protruded into the shaft hole 20a for adjusting the quantity of the lubricating oil supplied to relative rotating portions of the transmission shaft 20 and each of the transmission gears.

Description

  The present invention relates to a lubrication device for performing lubrication between a transmission shaft and a transmission gear supported so as to be relatively rotatable on an outer peripheral surface thereof in a selective gear transmission.

  As a lubrication device for this type of selective gear transmission, there is one described in Patent Document 1. This includes a case containing lubricating oil at the bottom, a shaft that is rotatably and horizontally supported in the case, three transmission gears that are supported by the shaft so as to be relatively rotatable along the axial direction thereof, An axial hole that is coaxially formed on the shaft and has an inlet for introducing lubricating oil to an end surface on one end side in the axial direction, and a plurality of transmission gears that are radially formed at a plurality of axial positions on the shaft are relatively A plurality of radial holes communicating with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft that is rotatably supported and the shaft hole are provided. In the lubricating device of this selective gear type transmission, the lubricating oil rotated by the rotation of the transmission gear is guided to the guide wall and the guide portion and introduced into the axial hole, and is introduced into the axial hole introduced from the introduction port. Lubricating oil is layered on the inner circumferential surface of the axial hole of the shaft by centrifugal force due to the rotation of the shaft and spreads to the opposite side of the inlet, and from each radial hole to the relative rotation part between the shaft and each transmission gear Have been supplied.

JP 2002-181168 (paragraphs [0013] to [0018], FIG. 1 and FIG. 2)

  In the lubricating device for the selective gear transmission described in Patent Document 1 as described above, the lubricating oil in the axial hole introduced from the introduction port is entirely removed from the inner surface of the axial hole of the shaft by the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the shaft. It spreads in a layered manner around the circumference, flows to the opposite side of the inlet, and is supplied from each radial hole to a relative rotating portion between the shaft and each transmission gear. It is considered that the amount of lubricating oil supplied from each radial hole to the shaft and each transmission gear is proportional to the thickness of the layered lubricating oil in the portion of each axial hole having each radial hole. The thickness of the layered lubricating oil in the axial hole is the thickest in the part with the radial hole near the inlet of the shaft, whereas the axial hole when the lubricating oil flows to the opposite side of the inlet In a part with a radial hole away from the shaft inlet due to fluid friction with the inner wall of the shaft and a decrease in the amount of oil due to the lubricating oil in the axial hole being led out from the radial hole near the inlet of the shaft It was thin. Therefore, the amount of lubricating oil supplied from each radial hole between the shaft and each transmission gear has decreased as the distance from the introduction port of the shaft increases. In order to make the amount of lubricating oil supplied from each radial hole between the shaft and each transmission gear uniform regardless of the distance from the introduction port of the shaft, for example, the diameter of each radial hole is set to It is necessary to increase the thickness as the distance from the introduction port increases, or to increase the number formed in the circumferential direction of each radial hole as the distance from the introduction port of the shaft increases. In order to change the diameter of each radial hole, it is necessary to change a tool such as a drill every time the axial position of the shaft is changed when drilling the radial hole, and there is a problem that workability deteriorates. . Further, when the number of the radial holes formed in the circumferential direction is changed, the amount of lubricating oil supplied from the radial holes can be changed only in stages, so that the lubricating oil supplied from each radial hole can be changed. The amount may not always be uniform or appropriate. According to the present invention, in a lubricating device for a selective gear transmission, the amount of lubricating oil supplied from radial distribution holes formed at a plurality of locations in the axial direction of the transmission shaft is set to an appropriate value. With the goal.

  To this end, a lubricating device for a selective gear transmission according to the present invention includes a casing that contains lubricating oil at the bottom, a transmission shaft that is horizontally and rotatably supported in the casing, and is rotatable relative to the transmission shaft. A plurality of transmission gears supported by the shaft, a shaft hole formed coaxially with the transmission shaft and having an introduction port for introducing lubricating oil into at least one end face in the axial direction, and a plurality of positions in the axial direction of the transmission shaft. A plurality of distribution holes that communicate with the outer peripheral surface of the transmission shaft that is formed in the radial direction and supports the plurality of transmission gears so as to be relatively rotatable and a shaft hole are provided, and a plurality of lubricants introduced into the shaft hole from the introduction port In a lubricating device for a selective gear type transmission in which a transmission shaft and a plurality of transmission gears are supplied to a relative rotation portion of the transmission shaft, at least the distribution hole close to the introduction port protrudes into the shaft hole and the transmission shaft and the transmission gear Supplied to the relative rotating part of Characterized in that a fluid level regulating tube for adjusting the supply amount of that lubricating oil.

  In the lubricating device for the selective gear transmission according to the preceding paragraph, an oil amount adjusting pipe is provided at least at two or more locations near the inlets of the distribution holes arranged in the axial direction of the transmission shaft, and the shaft of each oil amount adjusting pipe is provided. It is preferable that the protrusion length in the hole is made longer in the order closer to the introduction port, and is made shorter in order as it gets away from it.

  As described above, in this type of selective gear transmission lubrication device, the lubricating oil introduced into the shaft hole from the introduction port is layered on the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the transmission shaft. It spreads in the circumferential direction and flows from the inlet to the opposite side of the axial direction, but the thickness of the lubricating oil layer in the axial hole of the part with the distribution hole away from the inlet is larger than the part with the distribution hole near the inlet Since the thickness of the lubricating oil is reduced, the amount of lubricating oil supplied from the distribution hole apart from the inlet is smaller than that of the distributing hole near the inlet, and the balance of the amount of lubricating oil supplied from each distributing hole is not always appropriate. There is a risk that it will not become a thing. However, at least the distribution hole close to the introduction port is provided with an oil amount adjusting pipe that adjusts the supply amount of the lubricating oil that protrudes into the shaft hole and is supplied to the relative rotation portion of the transmission shaft and the transmission gear. According to the above, since the oil amount adjusting pipe protruding into the shaft hole is provided in the distribution hole close to the introduction port, the oil amount of the lubricating oil supplied from the distribution hole close to the introduction port is suppressed, and a plurality of locations in the axial direction are provided. The amount of the lubricating oil supplied from each distribution hole arranged in can be made appropriate.

  Oil quantity adjusting pipes are provided in at least two locations near the inlets of the distribution holes arranged in the axial direction of the transmission shaft, and the protruding lengths in the shaft holes of the respective oil quantity adjusting pipes are made longer near the inlets, According to the second aspect of the present invention, the length of the lubricating oil supplied from each distribution hole arranged in the axial direction of the transmission shaft can be easily made appropriate.

It is sectional drawing of the longitudinal direction which shows the principal part of an example of the lubrication apparatus of the selection gear type transmission by this invention.

  The best mode for carrying out the lubricating device for a selective gear transmission according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to an intermediate shaft 20 of a selective gear transmission. In a selective gear type transmission to which this lubricating device is applied, an intermediate shaft (transmission shaft) 20 is supported via a rolling bearing 11 in a rotatable and horizontal manner in a casing 10 containing lubricating oil at the bottom. Three transmission gears 21 </ b> A to 21 </ b> C (21 </ b> C is a reverse gear) are supported on the outer peripheral surface of the left side portion from the center portion of the intermediate shaft 20 via a needle bearing. A reduction small gear 21D is integrally provided. The gears 21A to 21D are always meshed with gears 22A to 22D (all of which are partially indicated by two-dot chain lines) supported by other transmission shafts (not shown).

  An inertia lock type synchromesh mechanism is provided between the transmission gears 21A and 21B. The transmission gears 21A and 21B are engaged with a clutch hub 23 that is integrally fixed to the outer periphery of the intermediate shaft 20 therebetween by spline engagement. The shift fork 24 is selectively connected to the intermediate shaft 20 by a sleeve 25 that moves in the axial direction to perform a shift.

  A lever-type synchromesh mechanism is provided on the left side of the transmission gear 21C. The transmission gear 21C is engaged with a clutch hub 26 that is integrally fixed to the outer periphery of the intermediate shaft 20 on the left side by spline engagement and shifts. A sleeve 28 that moves in the axial direction by a fork 27 is selectively connected to the intermediate shaft 20 to change speed. In addition, although the selection gear type transmission in the present embodiment is of a synchromesh type, a synchronizer such as a synchronizer ring is well known, and the description thereof is omitted.

  A shaft hole 20a penetrating both ends is formed coaxially in the intermediate shaft 20, and the right side opening of the shaft hole 20a serves as a lubricant inlet 20b. Further, the intermediate shaft 20 is formed with a plurality of radial distribution holes 20c to 20e communicating with the shaft hole 20a and the outer peripheral surface at a position where the transmission gears 21A to 21C are rotatably supported. Each of the distribution holes 20 c to 20 e is formed along the circumferential direction of the intermediate shaft 20. Oil distribution adjusting pipes 29a and 29b that slightly protrude into the shaft hole 20a are press-fitted into the distribution holes 20c and 20d. These oil adjustment pipes 29a and 29b are connected to the intermediate shaft 20 through the distribution holes 20c and 20d. The supply amount of the lubricating oil supplied to the relative rotation portion with the transmission gears 21B and 21C is adjusted. The oil amount adjusting pipe 29a fitted into the distribution hole 20c closest to the lubricating oil inlet 20b of the shaft hole 20a protrudes into the shaft hole 20a longer than the oil amount adjusting pipe 29b on the left side. . The distances from the center line of the shaft hole 20a of the openings into which the lubricating oil flows into the oil amount adjusting pipes 29a and 29b and the openings into which the lubricating oil flows into the distribution holes 20e are determined at the inlet 20b of the shaft hole 20a. The closest oil amount adjusting pipe 29a is the smallest and becomes larger as it is farther from the inlet 20b.

  A recess 10 b is formed on the inner side of the right end portion 10 a of the casing 10 at a position facing the end surface of one end portion of the intermediate shaft 20 supported via the rolling bearing 11. The concave portion 10b is provided with a guide member 12 including a cylindrical portion 12a and a flange portion 12b extending outward in the radial direction from one end edge of the cylindrical portion 12a. The guide member 12 has a cylindrical portion 12a rotatably inserted into the shaft hole 20a of the intermediate shaft 20 with a slight clearance so as to leave a gap S between the flange portion 12b and the concave portion 10b. The outer peripheral portion of 12 b is fitted and fixed between the inner bearing 10 of the end portion 10 a of the casing 10.

  In the casing 10, a bowl-shaped oil receiver 13 is provided on the radially outer side of each of the transmission gears 21 </ b> A to 21 </ b> D with the upper side extending in the axial direction of the intermediate shaft 20 opened. The oil receiver 13 is supported by the casing 10 so as to be inclined so that the inlet 20b side of the shaft hole 20a of the intermediate shaft 20 faces downward. The right end portion on the lower side of the oil receiver 13 communicates with the gap S.

  The operation and effect of the lubricating structure of the selective gear transmission configured as described above will be described. When this selective gear transmission is operated, the lubricating oil accommodated in the bottom of the casing 10 is scattered by the respective gears (for example, gears 21A to 21D) and discharged toward the upper portion of the side wall of the casing 10, and the side wall of the casing 10 is discharged. Part of the lubricating oil adhering to the upper part flows down into the oil receiver 13. The lubricating oil that has flowed down to the oil receiver 13 flows into the gap S due to its inclination, and the lubricating oil that has flowed into the gap S passes through the cylindrical portion 12a of the guide member 12 and enters the shaft hole 20a from the introduction port 20b. The lubricating oil introduced into the shaft hole 20a from the introduction port 20b spreads in the circumferential direction in a layered manner on the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 20a due to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the intermediate shaft 20, and is opposite to the axial direction from the introduction port 20b. Flows to the side. Lubricating oil in the shaft hole 20a is supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate shaft 20 that rotatably supports the transmission gears 21A to 21C from oil amount adjusting pipes 29a and 29b and distribution holes 20e provided in the distribution holes 20c and 20d. The support portions of the transmission gears 21A to 21C are lubricated.

  In the above-described embodiment, the lubricating oil flowing into the shaft hole 20a can freely rotate the transmission gears 21A to 21C through the needle bearings from the oil amount adjusting pipes 29a and 29b and the distribution holes 20e provided in the distribution holes 20c and 20d. To the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate shaft 20 supported by the At this time, the lubricating oil introduced into the shaft hole 20a from the introduction port 20b spreads from the introduction port 20b to the opposite side so as to be layered on the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 20a by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the intermediate shaft 20. (The lubricating oil layer O in the shaft hole 20a is indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1). At this time, the thickness of the layered lubricating oil in the shaft hole 20a is thickest in the portion where the distribution hole 20c is close to the inlet 20b of the intermediate shaft 20, whereas the lubricating oil is opposite to the inlet 20b. Fluid friction with the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 20a when expanding to the angle, and the lubricating oil in the shaft hole 20a is led out from the oil amount adjusting pipe 29a (and 29b) of the distribution hole 20c (and 20d) close to the opening of the intermediate shaft 20. As a result, the amount of oil is reduced, so that the portion of the intermediate shaft 20 that is away from the inlet 20b of the intermediate shaft 20 is thinned. However, each of the distribution holes 20c and 20d is provided with oil amount adjusting pipes 29a and 29b. Of these, the oil amount adjusting pipe 29a close to the introduction port 20b is located in the shaft hole 20a from the oil amount adjusting pipe 29b farther away. Protrusively long. By this. The distances from the openings through which the lubricating oil flows into the oil amount adjusting pipes 29a and 29b and the distribution holes 20e to the surface of the layered lubricating oil are substantially equal. Therefore, the lubricating oil supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate shaft 20 that rotatably supports the transmission gears 21A to 21C from the oil amount adjusting pipes 29a and 29b and the distribution hole 20c is approximately the same amount or according to the respective required amount. The support portions of the transmission gears 21A to 21C are partially lubricated without running out of lubricating oil.

  In the present embodiment, the application to the intermediate shaft 20 of the selective gear transmission has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to, for example, an input shaft or an output shaft. Even in this way, the same effect can be obtained.

  In the present embodiment, the shaft hole 20a of the intermediate shaft 20 penetrates both ends. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the shaft hole 20a of the intermediate shaft 20 can be moved from the inlet 20b on one end side to the other. Even if it does not penetrate to the end, it is possible to obtain the same function and effect even in this way.

  In the present embodiment, the two distribution holes 20c to 20e of the intermediate shaft 20 are formed along the circumferential direction of the intermediate shaft 20. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and each distribution hole is shifted. The present invention may be applied to one or three or more formed in the circumferential direction of the shaft, and similar effects can be obtained even in such a case.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Casing, 20 ... Transmission shaft, 21A-21C ... Transmission gear, 20a ... Shaft hole, 20b ... Introduction port, 20c-20e ... Distribution hole, 29a, 29b ... Oil quantity adjustment pipe | tube.

Claims (2)

A casing that contains lubricating oil at the bottom, a transmission shaft that is horizontally and rotatably supported in the casing, a plurality of transmission gears that are rotatably supported by the transmission shaft, and coaxial with the transmission shaft A shaft hole having an introduction port for introducing lubricating oil to at least one end face in the axial direction, and a plurality of transmission gears that are radially formed at a plurality of positions in the axial direction of the transmission shaft so as to be relatively rotatable. A plurality of distribution holes communicating with the outer peripheral surface of the transmission shaft supported by the shaft hole and the shaft hole, and the lubricating oil introduced into the shaft hole from the introduction port from the plurality of distribution holes to the transmission shaft and the In a lubricating device for a selective gear type transmission that is supplied to a relative rotating portion of a plurality of transmission gears,
At least the distribution hole close to the introduction port is provided with an oil amount adjustment pipe that protrudes into the shaft hole and adjusts the supply amount of lubricating oil supplied to the relative rotation portion of the transmission shaft and the transmission gear. A lubrication device for a selection gear type transmission characterized by the above.   2. The lubricating device for a selection gear transmission according to claim 1, wherein the oil amount adjusting pipes are provided at least at two or more locations near the introduction port of the distribution holes arranged in the axial direction of the transmission shaft. A lubrication device for a selective gear transmission, wherein a protruding length of the amount adjusting pipe in the shaft hole is made longer near the introduction port, and is gradually shortened as the distance from the projecting length increases.

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