JP2013019733A - Peel-off shape measurement device for cover concrete, and peel-off shape measurement method for cover concrete - Google Patents
Peel-off shape measurement device for cover concrete, and peel-off shape measurement method for cover concrete Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、かぶりコンクリートの剥落形状を計測する装置等に関する。 The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring a peeling shape of a cover concrete.
鉄筋コンクリート構造物は、老朽化するとかぶりコンクリートの剥落を起こすことがある。「かぶりコンクリートの剥落」とは、コンクリート内部の鉄筋が腐食し、その腐食生成物の膨張圧により、引っ張りに弱いコンクリートの非線形特性に基づいて鉄筋から表面部分までの最短距離部分、所謂「かぶり」部分を中心とした周辺部がひび割れ、はがれ落ちる現象である。 Reinforced concrete structures may cause the cover concrete to fall off when they age. “Falling of cover concrete” means that the rebar inside the concrete corrodes, and due to the expansion pressure of the corrosion product, the shortest distance part from the rebar to the surface part based on the nonlinear characteristics of concrete that is vulnerable to pulling, so-called “cover” This is a phenomenon in which the peripheral part around the part is cracked and peeled off.
かぶりコンクリートの剥落は、落下して第三者に被害を及ぼす可能性があるので、構造物の維持管理者はその防止に努めることが望まれる。例えば、定期的な検査を励行することも有効とされ、ひび割れの進展の有無を高精度で検査する手法が考案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。また、積極的に剥落を抑制する工法を採用することも有効とされ、接着用ポリマーセメントモルタル及びメッシュ状シートでコンクリート構造物表面を被覆し、その上から水系塗料で被覆する工法などが考案されている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。 The fall of cover concrete may fall and cause damage to third parties, so it is desirable for the structural maintenance manager to try to prevent it. For example, it is also effective to carry out periodic inspections, and a technique for inspecting the presence or absence of crack growth with high accuracy has been devised (for example, see Patent Document 1). In addition, it is effective to adopt a method that actively suppresses peeling, and a method of covering the surface of a concrete structure with a polymer cement mortar for adhesion and a mesh-like sheet, and then covering with a water-based paint has been devised. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).
かぶりコンクリートへの的確な対処のための一つのアプローチとして、非線形ＦＥＭ解析等により剥落のメカニズムを解明することが考えられている。但し、ＦＥＭ解析の結果を有効に活用するためには実証が必要となる。かぶりコンクリートの剥落に関して言えば、ＦＥＭ解析の結果と、実際のかぶりコンクリートの剥離状況との比較をより多くのケースで行うのが望まし。つまりは、どのような大きさや形状でかぶりコンクリートが剥落したかをより多く計測する必要がある。しかし、かぶりコンクリートの剥落が起きる現場は、高架橋の下面であったりトンネルの天井など容易には接近し難く、既存の計測装置では設置が難しかった。そのため、現場のかぶりコンクリートの剥落部の形状を計測することは行われていないのが現実であった。 As one approach for accurately dealing with cover concrete, it is considered to elucidate the mechanism of peeling by nonlinear FEM analysis or the like. However, verification is required to effectively use the results of FEM analysis. Regarding covering concrete peeling, it is desirable to compare the results of FEM analysis with actual covering concrete peeling in more cases. In other words, it is necessary to measure more in what size and shape the cover concrete has peeled off. However, the site where the cover concrete peels off is not easily accessible on the underside of the viaduct or the ceiling of the tunnel, and it was difficult to install with existing measuring devices. Therefore, in reality, it has not been done to measure the shape of the peeled-off part of the cover concrete on site.
本発明は、上述した課題に鑑みてなされた、作業性に優れたかぶりコンクリート剥落形状計測装置を実現し、実際のかぶりコンクリートの剥落部を現場で計測可能とすることを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to realize a covering concrete peeling shape measuring apparatus excellent in workability, which has been made in view of the above-described problems, and to make it possible to measure an actual covering concrete peeling portion on site.
以上の課題を解決するための第１の形態は、２次元の形状計測が可能な非接触式のセンサ（例えば、図１のレーザ変位センサ５）と、
鉄筋コンクリート構造におけるかぶりコンクリートの剥落部に所定距離離して対向させ、且つ、前記センサの２次元の計測方向に直交する方向に位置変化可能に前記センサを支持する可搬型のフレーム部（例えば、図１のフレーム部４）と、
を備え、前記センサの２次元の計測方向が、前記剥落部の鉄筋方向に直交するように配置されて使用される、かぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置である。
A first embodiment for solving the above problems is a non-contact sensor capable of measuring a two-dimensional shape (for example, the laser displacement sensor 5 in FIG. 1),
A portable frame portion (for example, FIG. 1) that faces the peeled portion of the cover concrete in the reinforced concrete structure at a predetermined distance and supports the sensor so that its position can be changed in a direction orthogonal to the two-dimensional measurement direction of the sensor. Frame part 4) of
And a two-dimensional measuring direction of the sensor is arranged and used so as to be orthogonal to the reinforcing bar direction of the peeling portion.
第１の形態によれば、可搬型のフレーム部を用いることで、計測装置を容易に持ち込むことができる。また、鉄筋腐食に起因する剥落の解析にあたっては、鉄筋と直角方向の断面に対する力学的な破壊性状が重要となる。よって２次元の計測方向が鉄筋方向に直交するように計測できるので、ＦＥＭ解析の実証用データに適切な計測データを簡単に得ることができる。 According to the 1st form, a measuring apparatus can be easily brought in by using a portable frame part. Further, in the analysis of peeling due to corrosion of reinforcing bars, mechanical fracture properties with respect to the cross section perpendicular to the reinforcing bars are important. Therefore, since the measurement can be performed so that the two-dimensional measurement direction is orthogonal to the reinforcing bar direction, it is possible to easily obtain measurement data appropriate for FEM analysis verification data.
第２の形態は、計測の間、ユーザの手で前記フレーム部を前記鉄筋コンクリート構造に押しつけて固定させるための把持部（例えば、図１の把持部８）、を更に備えた第１の形態のかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置である。 The second form is a first form further comprising a gripping part (for example, the gripping part 8 in FIG. 1) for pressing and fixing the frame part to the reinforced concrete structure with a user's hand during measurement. This is a covering shape measuring device for covering concrete.
第２の形態によれば、第１の形態と同様の効果が得られるとともに、人力で計測装置を固定することができる。また、計測時の装置姿勢の維持が容易になる。 According to the 2nd form, while the same effect as a 1st form is acquired, a measuring device can be fixed manually. In addition, it is easy to maintain the device posture during measurement.
第３の形態は、前記フレーム部は、前記センサを、前記センサの２次元の計測方向に直交する方向にスライド自在に支持するリニアガイド（例えば、図１のリニアガイド１２）を有する、第１又は第２の形態のかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置である。 In the third mode, the frame unit includes a linear guide (for example, the linear guide 12 in FIG. 1) that supports the sensor slidably in a direction orthogonal to a two-dimensional measurement direction of the sensor. Or it is a peeling shape measuring apparatus of the covering concrete of a 2nd form.
第３の形態によれば、第１又は第２の形態と同様の効果が得られるとともに、センサの移動をより正確に且つスムーズに実現できるので、測定精度を向上させることができる。また、センサの移動が容易に行えるので作業性が向上する。 According to the 3rd form, while the same effect as the 1st or 2nd form is acquired, since movement of a sensor can be realized more correctly and smoothly, measurement accuracy can be improved. Further, since the sensor can be easily moved, workability is improved.
第４の形態は、前記フレーム部が、前記剥落部の鉄筋方向に直交する方向に前記剥落部を跨ぐように２００ｍｍ以上５００ｍｍ以下の所定間隔をあけて設けられた脚部を有する、第１〜第３の何れかの形態のかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置である。 4th form has the leg part which the said frame part provided with the predetermined interval of 200 mm or more and 500 mm or less so that the said peeling part might be straddled in the direction orthogonal to the reinforcing bar direction of the said peeling part. It is a peeling shape measuring apparatus of the covering concrete of any 3rd form.
また、第５の形態は、前記フレーム部が、前記剥落部の鉄筋方向に直交する方向に前記剥落部を跨ぐように２００ｍｍ以上５００ｍｍ以下の所定間隔をあけて設けられた脚部と、前記脚部の底面と反対側の脚線方向上に設けられた、計測の間、ユーザの手で前記脚部を前記鉄筋コンクリート構造に押しつけて固定させるための把持部と、を有する、第１の形態のかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置である。 Further, according to a fifth aspect, the leg portion provided with a predetermined interval of 200 mm or more and 500 mm or less so that the frame portion straddles the peeling portion in a direction orthogonal to the reinforcing bar direction of the peeling portion, and the leg A gripping part provided on the direction of the leg opposite to the bottom surface of the part for gripping the leg part against the reinforced concrete structure with a user's hand during measurement, This is a covering shape measuring device for covering concrete.
第４の形態によれば、第１〜第３の形態の何れかと同様の効果が得られるとともに、装置としての可搬性を確保しつつ、今までの剥落形状の測定結果の統計に基づき、十分な数の剥落部を測定可能となる。第５の形態についても同様である。 According to the 4th form, while obtaining the same effect as any of the 1st-3rd form, while ensuring the portability as an apparatus, based on the statistics of the measurement result of the conventional peeling shape, it is enough A large number of peeled portions can be measured. The same applies to the fifth embodiment.
第６の形態は、幾何的な外形特徴を有し、前記剥落部の鉄筋方向に沿って前記剥落部上を架け渡すように仮止めされて前記剥落部とともに形状計測される基準ガイド（例えば、図４の基準ガイド２２）、を更に備えた第１〜第５の何れかの形態のかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置である。 A sixth form has a geometric outer shape feature, and is temporarily fixed so as to bridge over the peeled portion along the reinforcing bar direction of the peeled portion, and a shape guide is measured together with the peeled portion (for example, It is the peeling shape measuring apparatus of the covering concrete of the form in any one of the 1st-5th further provided with the reference | standard guide 22) of FIG.
第６の形態によれば、第１〜第５の形態の何れかと同様の効果が得られるとともに、基準ガイドを剥落部とともに形状計測させることで、計測ズレなどの補正が容易になる。 According to the sixth embodiment, the same effect as any of the first to fifth embodiments can be obtained, and correction of measurement deviation or the like is facilitated by measuring the shape of the reference guide together with the peeling portion.
第７の形態は、第１〜第６の何れかの形態のかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置を、前記センサの２次元の計測方向が、前記剥落部の鉄筋方向に直交するように配置する配置ステップ（例えば、図８のステップＳ１０、Ｓ１６、Ｓ２０）と、
前記配置された状態で、前記センサによる２次元の形状計測と、当該２次元の計測方向に直交する方向に前記センサの位置を変更する位置変更とを繰り返す計測ステップ（例えば、図８のステップＳ１２）と、を含むかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測方法である。
7th form is arrangement | positioning which arrange | positions the peeling shape measurement apparatus of the covering concrete of the form in any one of the 1st-6th so that the two-dimensional measurement direction of the said sensor may be orthogonal to the reinforcing bar direction of the said peeling part. Steps (for example, steps S10, S16, S20 in FIG. 8);
A measurement step (for example, step S12 in FIG. 8) of repeating the two-dimensional shape measurement by the sensor and the position change for changing the position of the sensor in a direction orthogonal to the two-dimensional measurement direction in the arranged state. ), And a covering shape measuring method of the covering concrete.
第７の形態によれば、第１〜第６の形態の何れかの剥落形状計測装置を用いて、簡単に剥落形状を計測できる。 According to the 7th form, a peeling shape can be easily measured using the peeling shape measuring apparatus in any one of the 1st-6th form.
第８の形態は、第１〜第５の何れかの形態のかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置を用いたかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測方法であって、
幾何的な外形特徴を有する基準ガイドを、前記剥落部の鉄筋方向に沿って前記剥落部上を架け渡すように設置する基準ガイド設置ステップ（例えば、図８のステップＳ８、Ｓ１４）と、
前記剥落形状計測装置を、前記センサの２次元の計測方向が、前記剥落部の鉄筋方向に直交するように配置する配置ステップ（例えば、図８のステップＳ１０、Ｓ１６、Ｓ２０）と、
前記配置された状態で、前記センサによる２次元の形状計測と、当該２次元の計測方向に直交する方向に前記センサの位置を変更する位置変更とを繰り返す計測ステップ（例えば、図８のステップＳ１２）と、を含むかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測方法である。
The eighth form is a method for measuring the shape of stripped concrete of cover concrete using the stripped shape measuring apparatus for cover concrete of any one of the first to fifth forms,
A reference guide installation step (for example, steps S8 and S14 in FIG. 8) for installing a reference guide having a geometric outer shape so as to cross over the peeling portion along the reinforcing bar direction of the peeling portion;
An arrangement step (for example, steps S10, S16, and S20 in FIG. 8) in which the peeling shape measuring device is arranged so that a two-dimensional measurement direction of the sensor is orthogonal to a reinforcing bar direction of the peeling portion;
A measurement step (for example, step S12 in FIG. 8) of repeating the two-dimensional shape measurement by the sensor and the position change for changing the position of the sensor in a direction orthogonal to the two-dimensional measurement direction in the arranged state. ), And a covering shape measuring method of the covering concrete.
第８の形態によれば、第１〜第５の形態の何れかの剥落形状計測装置を用いて、簡単にそして正確に剥落形状を計測できる。 According to the 8th form, a peeling shape can be measured easily and correctly using the peeling shape measuring apparatus in any one of the 1st-5th form.
図１は、本発明を適用した剥落形状計測装置の構成例を示す側面図である。図２は、図１のＡ−Ａ断面図、図３は同上面図である。 FIG. 1 is a side view showing a configuration example of a peeling shape measuring apparatus to which the present invention is applied. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a top view thereof.
剥落形状計測装置２は、側面視コの字型の可搬型のフレーム部４と、当該フレーム部によりスライド自在に支持されたレーザ変位センサ５とを備える。 The peeled shape measuring device 2 includes a U-shaped portable frame portion 4 that is U-shaped in a side view, and a laser displacement sensor 5 that is slidably supported by the frame portion.
フレーム部４は、下端が外向きＬ字に屈曲して接地部を形成する一対の脚部６と、設置部とは反対側の上端側に設けられた把持部８と、脚部６の上端部にボルト固定される天板部１０と、同フレーム部の上部に取り付けられたリニアガイド１２と、を備える。フレーム部４は、適宜各パーツに分解して計測現場まで運び込み、現場で組み立て使用することができる。 The frame part 4 has a pair of leg parts 6 whose lower ends are bent outward L-shaped to form a grounding part, a grip part 8 provided on the upper end side opposite to the installation part, and an upper end of the leg part 6 And a linear guide 12 attached to the upper part of the frame part. The frame part 4 can be appropriately disassembled into parts and carried to the measurement site, and can be assembled and used at the site.
一対の脚部６の間隔は、下限２００ｍｍ、上限５００ｍｍとし、望ましくは２５０ｍｍ〜３００ｍｍとする。この間隔は、これまでの測定事例から定規等により測定した結果の統計結果から、計測装置の可搬性と測定可能な剥落部の頻度とから最適と推測される値である。 The distance between the pair of leg portions 6 is a lower limit of 200 mm and an upper limit of 500 mm, and preferably 250 mm to 300 mm. This interval is a value that is estimated to be optimal from the portability of the measuring device and the frequency of the peelable portion that can be measured from the statistical results of the results measured with a ruler or the like from the previous measurement examples.
脚部６の高さは、レーザ変位センサ５のレーザ照射角θや焦点距離等の諸元により求められる計測可能幅Ｌが、計測面で２５０ｍｍ程度となるように適宜定められる。 The height of the leg portion 6 is appropriately determined so that the measurable width L obtained from various parameters such as the laser irradiation angle θ and the focal length of the laser displacement sensor 5 is about 250 mm on the measurement surface.
天板部１０には、脚部間方向に沿って平行する２本の固定溝１１が設けられており、リニアガイド１２を脚部間方向の任意の位置で固定可能に構成されている。
つまり、リニアガイド１２は、フレーム部４に対して着脱自在に構成されており、分解して計測現場まで持ち込み、現場で適宜組み立てて使用することができる。
The top plate 10 is provided with two fixing grooves 11 that are parallel to each other in the direction between the legs, and the linear guide 12 can be fixed at an arbitrary position in the direction between the legs.
That is, the linear guide 12 is configured to be detachable with respect to the frame portion 4, and can be disassembled and brought to the measurement site, and can be assembled and used as appropriate at the site.
リニアガイド１２は、長さ２５０ｍｍ以上のレール１４と、当該レールに沿ってスライド自在に案内されるブロック１６と、レール内に設けられたボールネジ部１８と、当該ボールネジ部のシャフトを回動するモータ２０とを備える。 The linear guide 12 includes a rail 14 having a length of 250 mm or more, a block 16 that is slidably guided along the rail, a ball screw portion 18 provided in the rail, and a motor that rotates a shaft of the ball screw portion. 20.
レール１４の長さは、これまでの測定事例から定規等により測定した結果の統計結果から、計測装置の可搬性と測定可能な剥落部の頻度とから好適と判断される長さに定められる。 The length of the rail 14 is determined to be a length determined to be preferable from the portability of the measuring device and the frequency of the peelable portion that can be measured based on the statistical result of the result measured with a ruler or the like from the past measurement examples.
モータ２０は、図示されない計測データ収集用のパソコン等により回転制御される。
ボールネジ部１８は、ブロック１６を稼動部とする。つまり、モータ２０の回転を適切に制御することで、ブロック１６を所定単位距離で段階的に移動させることができる。
The rotation of the motor 20 is controlled by a measurement data collection personal computer (not shown).
The ball screw portion 18 uses the block 16 as an operating portion. That is, the block 16 can be moved stepwise by a predetermined unit distance by appropriately controlling the rotation of the motor 20.
ブロック１６には、レーザ変位センサ５が、レーザ照射方向を下方に向け、且つ２次元走査方向がリニアガイド１２のレール１４の案内方向と直交する姿勢で、着脱自在に固定されている。 A laser displacement sensor 5 is detachably fixed to the block 16 so that the laser irradiation direction is directed downward and the two-dimensional scanning direction is orthogonal to the guide direction of the rail 14 of the linear guide 12.
レーザ変位センサ５は、計測対象に対して直線沿いにレーザ光を揺動照射して、或いはライン状の幅広レーザ光を照射して、その反射光を２次元ＣＣＤセンサやラインＣＣＤによって受光し、三角測量の原理を応用してレーザ光を照射した部分の測定対象までの距離を計測することのできる公知のセンサである。いわゆる２次元スキャン型のレーザ変位センサであり、２次元形状計測センサなどとも呼ばれる。
尚、ブロック１６とレーザ変位センサ５の連結には、適宜、連結ステー９を用いることができる。
The laser displacement sensor 5 irradiates the measurement target with laser light along a straight line, or irradiates a line-shaped wide laser beam, and receives the reflected light by a two-dimensional CCD sensor or a line CCD. This is a known sensor that can measure the distance to the measurement target of the portion irradiated with laser light by applying the principle of triangulation. This is a so-called two-dimensional scan type laser displacement sensor, which is also called a two-dimensional shape measurement sensor.
For connecting the block 16 and the laser displacement sensor 5, a connecting stay 9 can be used as appropriate.
図４は、計測時に使用される基準ガイド２２の例を示す（１）端面図、（２）長手方向側面図である。
基準ガイド２２は、測定範囲に含まれるようにして計測時に計測対象の近傍に設置される基準部材である。本実施形態では、正方形断面を有する直棒であり、長手方向側面には等間隔にメモリ２３が設けられている。計測範囲に基準ガイド２２を入れて計測することにより、基準ガイド２２が計測されたであろう部分を計測ズレ等の補正処理の基準として利用することができる。
4A and 4B are (1) an end view and (2) a longitudinal side view showing an example of a reference guide 22 used during measurement.
The reference guide 22 is a reference member installed in the vicinity of the measurement target at the time of measurement so as to be included in the measurement range. In this embodiment, it is a straight bar having a square cross section, and memory 23 is provided at equal intervals on the side surface in the longitudinal direction. By measuring with the reference guide 22 in the measurement range, the portion where the reference guide 22 would have been measured can be used as a reference for correction processing such as measurement deviation.
図５は、レーザ変位センサ５の計測可能範囲Ｌに対して剥離幅が狭い剥落部を計測する方法を説明するための図である。
図５（１）に示すように、鉄筋３０が露出した剥落部３２の剥落幅Ｗ（鉄筋３０の長手方向と直交する方向の幅）が、レーザ変位センサ５の計測可能幅Ｌより小さい場合には、基準ガイド２２を鉄筋３０の露出長手方向３４とできるだけ平行にして剥落部３２の近傍に仮止めする。そして、剥落形状計測装置２の把持部８を持って、図５（２）に示すように剥落部３２に被せるようにして、脚部６の下端をコンクリート面に押し当てて固定する。この時、リニアガイド１２の案内方向が、鉄筋３０の露出長手方向３４とできるだけ平行になるようにして、そして剥落部３２がレーザ変位センサ５の計測可能幅Ｌ内に収まるようにする。
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a method of measuring a peeled portion having a narrow peel width with respect to the measurable range L of the laser displacement sensor 5.
As shown in FIG. 5A, when the peeling width W of the peeling portion 32 where the reinforcing bar 30 is exposed (width in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing bar 30) is smaller than the measurable width L of the laser displacement sensor 5. The reference guide 22 is temporarily fixed in the vicinity of the peeling portion 32 with the exposed longitudinal direction 34 of the reinforcing bar 30 as parallel as possible. And the holding part 8 of the peeling shape measuring apparatus 2 is held, and the lower end of the leg part 6 is pressed against the concrete surface so as to cover the peeling part 32 as shown in FIG. At this time, the guide direction of the linear guide 12 is set to be as parallel as possible with the exposed longitudinal direction 34 of the reinforcing bar 30, and the peeling portion 32 is set within the measurable width L of the laser displacement sensor 5.
計測は、鉄筋３０の露出長手方向３４方向の一端側から他端側へ向けて、所定間隔（例えば、１０ｍｍ間隔）で実施される。図５（１）の上下方向の破線１本が１回の走査ラインを例示している。図に向かって左側、剥落部３２のやや外側を測定開始位置とし、段階的に相対位置を図に向かって、基準距離（例えば１０ｍｍ）移動させては計測し、また移動させては計測するを繰り返し、剥落部３２のやや右側に至るまで移動と計測とを繰り返して１回分の計測とする。尚、計測位置の移動は、モータ２０を所定回転角度回転させることで実現するが、モータ２０やボールネジ部１８を備えない構成の場合には、基準ガイド２２のメモリを頼りに、ブロック１６ごとレーザ変位センサ５を手動で移動させるものとする。 The measurement is performed at a predetermined interval (for example, an interval of 10 mm) from one end side to the other end side in the exposed longitudinal direction 34 of the reinforcing bar 30. One broken line in the vertical direction in FIG. 5A illustrates one scanning line. The measurement start position is on the left side of the figure, slightly outside the peeled portion 32, and the relative position is measured by moving the reference distance (for example, 10 mm) stepwise in the stepwise manner, and measured by moving the relative position. Repeatedly, the movement and measurement are repeated until reaching the slightly right side of the peeled portion 32 to obtain one measurement. The movement of the measurement position is realized by rotating the motor 20 by a predetermined rotation angle. However, in the case where the motor 20 and the ball screw portion 18 are not provided, the laser of each block 16 is relied on using the memory of the reference guide 22. It is assumed that the displacement sensor 5 is moved manually.
図６に示すように、剥落部３２の剥落幅Ｗがレーザ変位センサ５の計測可能幅Ｌより広い場合には、基準ガイド２２を鉄筋３０の真上を跨ぐように（より具体的には剥落部３２の周りのコンクリートに架け渡すように）仮止めする。尚、ここで言う「真上」とは剥落部３２に向かって手前側という意味である。例えば、天井面で剥落が起こっていれば実際には基準ガイド２２を鉄筋３０の下に仮止めすることになる。 As shown in FIG. 6, when the peeling width W of the peeling portion 32 is wider than the measurable width L of the laser displacement sensor 5, the reference guide 22 is straddled just above the reinforcing bar 30 (more specifically, peeling off). Temporarily fasten (so as to hang over the concrete around the part 32). Here, “directly above” means the front side toward the peeling portion 32. For example, if peeling occurs on the ceiling surface, the reference guide 22 is actually temporarily fixed below the reinforcing bar 30.
そして、図７（１）に示すように、１回目計測の準備として、剥落形状計測装置２の把持部８を持って、鉄筋３０及び基準ガイド２２を含む剥落部３２の一方側（図７（１）における上側）を覆うようにして、脚部６の下端をコンクリート面に押し当てて固定する。この時、リニアガイド１２のガイド方向が、鉄筋３０の露出長手方向３４とできるだけ平行になるようにして、剥落部３２の鉄筋３０及び基準ガイド２２を含む一方側がレーザ変位センサ５の計測可能幅Ｌ内に収まるようにする。そして、１回目の計測を行う。 Then, as shown in FIG. 7 (1), as preparation for the first measurement, holding the gripping portion 8 of the peeling shape measuring device 2, one side of the peeling portion 32 including the reinforcing bar 30 and the reference guide 22 (FIG. 7 ( The lower end of the leg portion 6 is pressed against the concrete surface and fixed so as to cover the upper side in 1). At this time, the guide direction of the linear guide 12 is set to be as parallel as possible with the exposed longitudinal direction 34 of the reinforcing bar 30, and one side including the reinforcing bar 30 and the reference guide 22 of the peeled portion 32 is the measurable width L of the laser displacement sensor 5. To fit within. Then, the first measurement is performed.
次に、２回目計測の準備として、剥落形状計測装置２の把持部８を持って、図７（２）に示すように、鉄筋３０及び基準ガイド２２を含む剥落部３２の他方側（図７（２）における下側）を覆うようにして、脚部６の下端をコンクリート面に押し当てて固定する。この時、リニアガイド１２のガイド方向が、鉄筋３０の露出長手方向３４とできるだけ平行になるようにして、剥落部３２の鉄筋３０及び基準ガイド２２を含む他方側がレーザ変位センサの計測可能幅Ｌ内に収まるようにする。そして、２回目の計測を行う。 Next, as preparation for the second measurement, as shown in FIG. 7 (2), holding the gripping portion 8 of the peeling shape measuring device 2, the other side of the peeling portion 32 including the reinforcing bar 30 and the reference guide 22 (FIG. 7). The lower end of the leg 6 is pressed against the concrete surface and fixed so as to cover the lower side in (2). At this time, the guide direction of the linear guide 12 is made as parallel as possible to the exposed longitudinal direction 34 of the reinforcing bar 30, and the other side including the reinforcing bar 30 and the reference guide 22 of the peeling portion 32 is within the measurable width L of the laser displacement sensor. To fit in. Then, the second measurement is performed.
２回の計測を行ったならば、１回目の計測結果（図７（３））と２回目の計測結果（図７（４））とを、それぞれに含まれている基準ガイド２２の部分３１を基準にして合成し、剥落部３２全体の形状を求める（図７（５））。 If the measurement is performed twice, the first measurement result (FIG. 7 (3)) and the second measurement result (FIG. 7 (4)) are included in the portion 31 of the reference guide 22 included in each. And the shape of the entire peeled portion 32 is obtained (FIG. 7 (5)).
図８は、本実施形態の計測手順の流れを説明するためのフローチャートである。
先ず測定対象となる剥落部３２のコンクリートを洗浄し（ステップＳ２）、目視や定規により剥落部３２の大きさを測定する（ステップＳ４）。
FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of the measurement procedure of the present embodiment.
First, the concrete of the peeling part 32 to be measured is washed (step S2), and the size of the peeling part 32 is measured visually or by a ruler (step S4).
もし、剥落部３２の剥落幅Ｗが計測可能幅Ｌ未満であれば（ステップＳ６のＹＥＳ）、剥落部３２の脇に基準ガイド２２を仮止めする（ステップＳ８；図５（１）参照）。そして、リニアガイド１２の案内方向を鉄筋３０の露出長手方向３４に合わせ、且つレーザ変位センサ５の計測可能範囲Ｌの中心を鉄筋３０の位置に合わせるように、把持部８を持って剥落形状計測装置２をコンクリートに押し当てて固定する（ステップＳ１０）。レーザ変位センサ５の２次元の計測方向と、リニアガイド１２の案内方向との相対関係からすれば、レーザ変位センサ５の計測方向が、剥落部３２の鉄筋方向に直交するように配置されることになる。そして、計測を行う（ステップＳ１２）。 If the peeling width W of the peeling portion 32 is less than the measurable width L (YES in step S6), the reference guide 22 is temporarily fixed to the side of the peeling portion 32 (step S8; see FIG. 5 (1)). Then, the peeling shape measurement is performed by holding the holding portion 8 so that the guide direction of the linear guide 12 is aligned with the exposed longitudinal direction 34 of the reinforcing bar 30 and the center of the measurable range L of the laser displacement sensor 5 is aligned with the position of the reinforcing bar 30. The device 2 is pressed against the concrete and fixed (step S10). From the relative relationship between the two-dimensional measurement direction of the laser displacement sensor 5 and the guide direction of the linear guide 12, the measurement direction of the laser displacement sensor 5 is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the reinforcing bar direction of the peeling portion 32. become. Then, measurement is performed (step S12).
もし、剥落部３２の短辺方向の幅が計測可能幅Ｌより大きいようであれば（ステップＳ６のＮＯ）、基準ガイド２２を鉄筋の真上に仮止めする（ステップＳ１４；図６参照）。 If the width of the peeled portion 32 in the short side direction is larger than the measurable width L (NO in step S6), the reference guide 22 is temporarily fixed immediately above the reinforcing bar (step S14; see FIG. 6).
次いで、リニアガイド１２の案内方向を鉄筋３０の露出長手方向３４に合わせ、且つレーザ変位センサ５の計測可能範囲に鉄筋３０と基準ガイドを含むように、計測可能範囲が鉄筋３０を中心にして一方側の剥落部３２を覆うようにして剥落形状計測装置２をコンクリートに押し当てて固定する（ステップＳ１６）。そして、１回目の計測を行う（ステップＳ１８；図７（１）参照）。 Next, the measurable range is centered on the reinforcing bar 30 so that the guide direction of the linear guide 12 is aligned with the exposed longitudinal direction 34 of the reinforcing bar 30 and the measurable range of the laser displacement sensor 5 includes the reinforcing bar 30 and the reference guide. The peeling shape measuring device 2 is pressed against and fixed to the concrete so as to cover the peeling portion 32 on the side (step S16). Then, the first measurement is performed (step S18; see FIG. 7 (1)).
続いて、剥落形状計測装置２を鉄筋３０を跨いで反対側を測定するように移動させる。すなわち、リニアガイド１２の案内方向を鉄筋３０の露出長手方向３４に合わせ、且つレーザ変位センサ５の計測可能範囲に鉄筋３０と基準ガイド２２を含むように、計測可能範囲が鉄筋３０を中心にして他方側の剥落部３２を覆うようにして剥落形状計測装置２をコンクリートに押し当てて固定する（ステップＳ２０）。そして、２回目の計測を行う（ステップＳ２２；図７（２）参照）。 Subsequently, the peeling shape measuring device 2 is moved so as to measure the opposite side across the rebar 30. That is, the measurable range is centered on the reinforcing bar 30 so that the guide direction of the linear guide 12 is aligned with the exposed longitudinal direction 34 of the reinforcing bar 30 and the measurable range of the laser displacement sensor 5 includes the reinforcing bar 30 and the reference guide 22. The peeling shape measuring device 2 is pressed against the concrete so as to cover the peeling portion 32 on the other side (step S20). Then, the second measurement is performed (step S22; see FIG. 7 (2)).
２回の計測が終了したならば、それぞれの計測結果で基準ガイド２２を測定した結果と思われる部分（基準ガイド２２が、正方形断面の直棒であることから容易に分る）を位置合わせとして利用し、計測結果を合成して剥落部３２の全体形状の計測結果を生成する（ステップＳ２４；図７（５）参照）。最終的には、例えば図９に示すように、鉄筋３が露出した剥落部３２の３次元形状を得ることができる。 When the two measurements are completed, the position that is considered to be the result of measuring the reference guide 22 in each measurement result (which can be easily understood from the fact that the reference guide 22 is a square cross section) is used as an alignment. The measurement results are combined to generate a measurement result of the entire shape of the peeling portion 32 (step S24; see FIG. 7 (5)). Finally, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, a three-dimensional shape of the peeled portion 32 where the reinforcing bar 3 is exposed can be obtained.
以上、本実施形態の剥落形状計測装置２によれば、装置を適当なサイズに分解して計測現場に持ち込み、現地で組み立てて測定を行うことができる。よって、橋脚やトンネルなど接近するのが比較的難しくても、比較的簡単に計測を行うことができる。
また、剥落形状計測装置２は可搬型であり、把持部８を持って押し当てるようにして固定すれば良いので測定がし易い。
As described above, according to the peeled shape measuring apparatus 2 of the present embodiment, the apparatus can be disassembled into an appropriate size, brought into a measurement site, and assembled and measured at the site. Therefore, even if it is relatively difficult to approach a bridge pier or a tunnel, measurement can be performed relatively easily.
Further, the peel-off shape measuring device 2 is portable and can be easily measured because it can be fixed by holding and holding the grip portion 8.
尚、剥落形状計測装置２の構成は、上述の構成に限るものではなく、適宜構成要素の変更・追加・省略などをすることができる。例えば、図１０及び図１１に示すように、レーザ変位センサ５の周りに遮光フード４０を追加し、環境光が計測に与える影響を軽減させる構成としても良い。また、レーザ変位センサ５をモータ２０の駆動により自動で段階的に移動させて計測するとしたが、ボールネジ部１８及びモータ２０を省略し、手動により移動させるとしても良い。その際、レーザの照射位置を仮止めしている基準ガイド２２のメモリ２３を基準にすると計測精度を高めることができる。 Note that the configuration of the peeling shape measuring apparatus 2 is not limited to the above-described configuration, and it is possible to appropriately change, add, or omit the constituent elements. For example, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a light shielding hood 40 may be added around the laser displacement sensor 5 to reduce the influence of ambient light on measurement. In addition, although the laser displacement sensor 5 is automatically moved and measured stepwise by driving the motor 20, the ball screw portion 18 and the motor 20 may be omitted and moved manually. At that time, the measurement accuracy can be improved by using the memory 23 of the reference guide 22 temporarily fixing the irradiation position of the laser.
また、上記実施形態では、リニアガイド１２を用いてレーザ変位センサ５の測定位置を移動させる構成としたが、リニアガイド１２を省略することができる。その場合、天板部１０に固定溝を設け、連結ステー９を固定する溝を変えることで、レーザ変位センサ５の測定位置の移動を実現する。 In the above embodiment, the linear guide 12 is used to move the measurement position of the laser displacement sensor 5, but the linear guide 12 can be omitted. In that case, the measurement position of the laser displacement sensor 5 can be moved by providing a fixing groove in the top plate 10 and changing the groove for fixing the connecting stay 9.
２…剥落形状計測装置
４…フレーム部
５…レーザ変位センサ
６…脚部
８…把持部
１０…天板部
１１…固定溝
１２…リニアガイド
１４…レール
１６…ブロック
１８…ボールネジ部
２０…モータ
２２…基準ガイド
２３…メモリ
３０…鉄筋
３２…剥落部
３４…露出長手方向
４０…遮光フード
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Stripping shape measuring device 4 ... Frame part 5 ... Laser displacement sensor 6 ... Leg part 8 ... Grip part 10 ... Top plate part 11 ... Fixed groove 12 ... Linear guide 14 ... Rail 16 ... Block 18 ... Ball screw part 20 ... Motor 22 Reference guide 23 ... Memory 30 ... Reinforcing bar 32 ... Stripped part 34 ... Longitudinal direction of exposure 40 ... Shading hood
Claims (8)
鉄筋コンクリート構造におけるかぶりコンクリートの剥落部に所定距離離して対向させ、且つ、前記センサの２次元の計測方向に直交する方向に位置変化可能に前記センサを支持する可搬型のフレーム部と、
を備え、前記センサの２次元の計測方向が、前記剥落部の鉄筋方向に直交するように配置されて使用される、かぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置。 A non-contact sensor capable of measuring a two-dimensional shape;
A portable frame portion that faces the peeled portion of the cover concrete in a reinforced concrete structure at a predetermined distance, and supports the sensor so that the position of the sensor can be changed in a direction orthogonal to a two-dimensional measurement direction of the sensor;
The covering concrete peeling shape measuring device is arranged and used so that the two-dimensional measuring direction of the sensor is orthogonal to the reinforcing bar direction of the peeling portion.
を更に備えた請求項１に記載のかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置。 A gripping part for pressing and fixing the frame part against the reinforced concrete structure with a user's hand during measurement,
The stripped shape measuring apparatus for covering concrete according to claim 1, further comprising:
請求項１又は２に記載のかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置。 The frame portion includes a linear guide that slidably supports the sensor in a direction orthogonal to a two-dimensional measurement direction of the sensor.
The covering shape measuring apparatus for covering concrete according to claim 1 or 2.
請求項１〜３の何れか一項に記載のかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置。 The frame portion has legs provided at a predetermined interval of 200 mm or more and 500 mm or less so as to straddle the peeling portion in a direction orthogonal to the reinforcing bar direction of the peeling portion.
The covering concrete peeling shape measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
前記剥落部の鉄筋方向に直交する方向に前記剥落部を跨ぐように２００ｍｍ以上５００ｍｍ以下の所定間隔をあけて設けられた脚部と、
前記脚部の底面と反対側の脚線方向上に設けられた、計測の間、ユーザの手で前記脚部を前記鉄筋コンクリート構造に押しつけて固定させるための把持部と、
を有する、
請求項１に記載のかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置。 The frame part is
Legs provided at a predetermined interval of 200 mm or more and 500 mm or less so as to straddle the peeling part in a direction orthogonal to the reinforcing bar direction of the peeling part;
A gripping part provided on the leg line direction opposite to the bottom surface of the leg part, for measuring and fixing the leg part against the reinforced concrete structure with a user's hand during measurement,
Having
The covering concrete peeling shape measuring apparatus according to claim 1.
を更に備えた請求項１〜５の何れか一項に記載のかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測装置。 A reference guide having a geometric outer shape, temporarily fixed so as to cross over the peeled portion along the reinforcing bar direction of the peeled portion, and shape-measured with the peeled portion,
The stripped shape measuring apparatus for covering concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:
前記配置された状態で、前記センサによる２次元の形状計測と、当該２次元の計測方向に直交する方向に前記センサの位置を変更する位置変更とを繰り返す計測ステップと、
を含むかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測方法。 An arrangement step of arranging the covering concrete peeling shape measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 so that a two-dimensional measurement direction of the sensor is orthogonal to a reinforcing bar direction of the peeling portion;
A measurement step of repeating the two-dimensional shape measurement by the sensor and the position change for changing the position of the sensor in a direction orthogonal to the two-dimensional measurement direction in the arranged state;
Method for measuring the peeling shape of cover concrete including
幾何的な外形特徴を有する基準ガイドを、前記剥落部の鉄筋方向に沿って前記剥落部上を架け渡すように設置する基準ガイド設置ステップと、
前記剥落形状計測装置を、前記センサの２次元の計測方向が、前記剥落部の鉄筋方向に直交するように配置する配置ステップと、
前記配置された状態で、前記センサによる２次元の形状計測と、当該２次元の計測方向に直交する方向に前記センサの位置を変更する位置変更とを繰り返す計測ステップと、
を含むかぶりコンクリートの剥落形状計測方法。 A covering concrete measuring method for covering concrete using the covering shape measuring apparatus for covering concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A reference guide installation step for installing a reference guide having a geometric outer shape so as to cross over the peeled portion along a reinforcing bar direction of the peeled portion;
An arrangement step of arranging the peeling shape measuring device so that a two-dimensional measurement direction of the sensor is orthogonal to a reinforcing bar direction of the peeling portion;
A measurement step of repeating the two-dimensional shape measurement by the sensor and the position change for changing the position of the sensor in a direction orthogonal to the two-dimensional measurement direction in the arranged state;
Method for measuring the peeling shape of cover concrete including
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011152440A JP5689035B2 (en) | 2011-07-11 | 2011-07-11 | Cover concrete peeling shape measuring device and covering concrete peeling shape measuring method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015105931A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-06-08 | 新東エスプレシジョン株式会社 | Measuring instrument |
| CN117450940A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-01-26 | 河北中铸爱军建设集团股份有限公司 | Concrete layer measuring device is pour for passive composite thermal insulation wall body |
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| JPS6129709A (en) * | 1984-07-20 | 1986-02-10 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Measuring method of shape |
| JPH04194704A (en) * | 1990-11-28 | 1992-07-14 | Tatsunoshin Yoshinaka | Instrument for measuring surface roughness |
| JPH1130510A (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 1999-02-02 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method and apparatus for measurement of degradation of concrete structure |
| JP2007517229A (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2007-06-28 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Apparatus and method for measuring surface shape |
| JP2007170955A (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-07-05 | Nagasaki Univ | Displacement/distortion measurement method, and displacement/distortion measuring device |
| JP2008107291A (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-05-08 | East Japan Railway Co | Device and method for measuring platform of railroad |
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| JPS6129709A (en) * | 1984-07-20 | 1986-02-10 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Measuring method of shape |
| JPH04194704A (en) * | 1990-11-28 | 1992-07-14 | Tatsunoshin Yoshinaka | Instrument for measuring surface roughness |
| JPH1130510A (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 1999-02-02 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method and apparatus for measurement of degradation of concrete structure |
| JP2007517229A (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2007-06-28 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Apparatus and method for measuring surface shape |
| JP2007170955A (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-07-05 | Nagasaki Univ | Displacement/distortion measurement method, and displacement/distortion measuring device |
| JP2008107291A (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-05-08 | East Japan Railway Co | Device and method for measuring platform of railroad |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2015105931A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-06-08 | 新東エスプレシジョン株式会社 | Measuring instrument |
| CN117450940A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-01-26 | 河北中铸爱军建设集团股份有限公司 | Concrete layer measuring device is pour for passive composite thermal insulation wall body |
| CN117450940B (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-05-14 | 河北中铸爱军建设集团股份有限公司 | Concrete layer measuring device is pour for passive composite thermal insulation wall body |
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