JP2008107291A - Device and method for measuring platform of railroad - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a measuring device of high operability that can accurately measure the distance between the track and a platform end and also measure surface shape of the platform end. <P>SOLUTION: This measuring device comprises a bogie 51 travelable on the track 10, a distance measuring means (travel distance sensor 57 and controller 65) for measuring the travel distance of the bogie 51 and outputting an electric signal by a certain travel distance, a non-contact position sensor 64 that is installed on the bogie 51 and measures longitudinal profile orthogonal to the track 10 at the end of the platform 20 whenever the electric signal is output, and a data collector 70. The data collector 70 comprises a means for calculating the distance of the end to the track 10 from measured data, a means for comparing the calculated value with a control value, a means for displaying the comparison result, and a means for storing the measured data and the comparison result. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention can measure the distance between the track of the railway track and the end (upper end) of the platform on the track side, and can measure the longitudinal profile of the end of the platform. About.

In the railroad track, the distance (height, separation) between the track and the end of the platform on the track side is determined in consideration of the safety of the traveling train and passengers when getting on and off the train. However, even if it is set within the control value at the time of construction, the track is not fixed and is not stationary.For example, the track gradually moves by receiving repeated loads during vehicle travel, and the positional relationship set at construction There are situations where you can't keep up. In addition, the positional relationship may shift when the alignment of the trajectory is maintained.
For this reason, it is necessary to always accurately grasp the distance between the track and the platform end and to maintain or improve the defective portion without missing the machine. Therefore, in addition to periodic measurements, measurements are performed to confirm the positional relationship even after track maintenance.

As a conventional method for measuring the distance between the track and the platform end, for example, there is a method by manual measurement using a scale such as a special large right angle ruler. However, this method has a problem in that the scale used is large and heavy, so that it takes time to move between the measuring points during the measurement and installation adjustment, resulting in poor work efficiency. In addition, there is a problem that human error such as misreading is likely to occur due to visual measurement.
Furthermore, the purpose of the measurement is to ensure safety, and in order to confirm safety, it is necessary to compare the measured value with the control value, but in the case of a curved section, for example, the control value takes into account the enlarged dimension due to curvature. Therefore, it is very difficult to compare with the control value while measuring, and the workability is also deteriorated. For this reason, in the method by manual measurement, the comparison work is often performed after the measurement work is completed, and in this case, safety confirmation cannot be performed during the measurement.

On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a measuring apparatus that can easily measure the distance between the track and the platform end and compare the control value. FIG. 8 shows the measuring apparatus described in Patent Document 1, in which 10 indicates a track and 20 indicates a platform.
This measuring device includes a carriage 31 that can be driven on the track 10 by hand (human power), and further in a height direction (Y direction) and a separation direction (X direction) from the track 10 while contacting the end of the platform 20. ) Are movably supported by a pair of rollers 32 and 33. In the figure, reference numeral 31a denotes a traveling wheel of the carriage 31, and 31b denotes a guide roller for preventing the wheel from being removed.

The rollers 32 and 33 are provided at the front end of a frame 35 protruding to the side of a shelf 34 installed on the carriage 31. In the figure, reference numeral 36 denotes a sensor storage box in which a pair of sensors that convert displacement amounts in the height direction and the separation direction detected by these rollers 32 and 33 into electrical signals are stored.
The rollers 32 and 33 are attached to the tip of a shaft 37 that passes through the sensor storage box 36, and the shaft 37 is biased by a conston spring 38 so as to press the roller 33 against the side surface of the platform 20. Further, the sensor storage box 36 is engaged with the Y rail 39 and supported so as to be movable up and down. With this support structure, the sensor storage box 36 is biased downward due to its own weight, so that the roller 32 is placed on the upper surface of the platform 20. It is pressed against.

With such a configuration, in this measuring apparatus, an electrical signal corresponding to the displacement amount in the separation direction and the displacement amount in the height direction between the track 10 and the platform 20 as the carriage 31 travels can be obtained from the pair of sensors. It has become.
The detection value of each sensor is converted into a digital signal every time the carriage 31 travels a certain distance, and the converted measurement value and a preset management value (planned value) are sequentially compared and displayed, The measurement value is stored as measurement data.
In the figure, reference numeral 41 denotes a data converter for converting the detection value of each sensor into a digital signal, and reference numeral 42 denotes a computer constituting means for comparison, display, storage and the like. The data converter 41 and the computer 42 are mounted on the shelf 34.

According to the measuring apparatus described in this Patent Document 1, the distance between the track 10 and the platform 20 can be measured during the traveling only by measuring and traveling on the track 10 along the platform 20. The control value and the measured value can be compared, displayed, and the like.
No. 7-26645

  By the way, since the above-described conventional measuring apparatus is a contact type measuring apparatus using a pair of rollers 32 and 33 that come into contact with the end portion of the platform 20, as shown in FIG. The sensor storage box 36 in which these sensors are stored and the mechanism for supporting these sensors are located at positions that are largely displaced toward the platform 20 with respect to the carriage 31 positioned on the track 10. Since the position of the center of gravity is greatly deviated from the center of the track 10 (the center of the pair of rails) toward the platform 20, there is a problem that traveling stability is extremely poor. In particular, when the platform 20 is located on the inner track side in the curved section, the center of gravity moves to the platform 20 side due to the influence of the setting cant (the difference in height between the outer track and the inner track). There is a risk of accidents such as falls and wheel removal.

In order to improve the running stability against such problems, for example, there is a method of balancing by placing a heavy object on the opposite side. However, this method increases the weight of the entire device and hinders transportation. In addition, workability and operability deteriorate.
Further, the contact method measurement using such a roller has the following problems.
In other words, most of the platform ends are made using concrete clean tiles, quarry stones, etc. to adjust the height and distance from the track, but in the case of older platforms Some are finished only with concrete.

The end of the platform is finished in the specified condition (irregularity) at the time of construction, but it is easy to cause partial chipping and deformation due to repeated getting on and off of passengers, and surface deterioration and chipping due to aging There are also concrete, pebbles, dirt, etc., and repairs are carried out regularly.
For example, when measurement is performed on such a platform end in a state before repair (a state that requires repair), the roller cannot follow the state of unevenness or the like, A situation occurs in which the roller jumps up and the roller does not rotate smoothly. For this reason, when measuring such a platform, it is necessary to perform the measurement while checking the contact state between the roller and the end of the platform at the slowest possible speed. But it will be problematic.

In addition, in the contact type measurement using a roller, the contact surface of the roller in contact with the platform end serves as a measurement point, that is, the quality of the platform end is determined from the measurement value of only one measurement point with which the roller contacts. . Therefore, even if a defective portion occurs during measurement, the measurer cannot accurately recognize in what range and in what state the defect has occurred. For this reason, when repair work is performed, it is necessary to perform measurement by manual measurement again before the work to check the state of the defective portion.
In view of such a situation, the object of the present invention is not affected by the surface state of the platform end, can be measured with high accuracy, and has excellent operability capable of measuring the surface shape of the platform end. An object of the present invention is to provide a railway platform measuring device and a measuring method.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the railway platform measuring device includes a carriage capable of traveling on the track, a distance measuring means for measuring a traveling distance of the carriage, and outputting an electric signal for every certain traveling distance, A non-contact position sensor that measures a longitudinal profile in a direction perpendicular to the track at the end of the track on the track side every time the electrical signal is output, and measurement data measured by the non-contact position sensor A calculating means for calculating the distance of the end with respect to the trajectory; a comparing means for comparing the calculated value of the calculating means with a preset management value; a display means for displaying a comparison result by the comparing means; And storage means for storing measurement data and comparison results.

In the invention of claim 2, in the invention of claim 1, the non-contact position sensor is a laser scanner.
In the invention of claim 3, in the invention of claim 1, the non-contact position sensor is attached to a support provided on the carriage, and the support is positioned on the platform side track.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a buzzer that emits an audible alarm when the calculated value exceeds the control value by comparison by the comparison means is provided.
According to the invention of claim 5, the railway platform measuring method for measuring the distance between the track and the platform end and the shape of the platform end by the measuring device provided with the carriage capable of traveling on the track is provided by the distance measuring means. The process of measuring the travel distance of the truck and outputting an electrical signal at every fixed travel distance, and the track at the end of the platform on the track side each time the electrical signal is output by the non-contact position sensor installed on the carriage A process of measuring a longitudinal profile in a direction perpendicular to the axis, a process of calculating the distance of the end with respect to the track from measurement data measured by a non-contact position sensor, and the calculated value and the management set in advance A process of comparing values, a process of displaying the compared result on the display means, a process of storing the measurement data and the comparison result in the storage means, Including.

According to the measuring apparatus of the present invention, the distance (height, separation) between the track and the platform end can be accurately measured without being affected by the surface state of the platform end for non-contact measurement. And the profile (surface shape) of the platform edge can also be measured.
Further, the state in which the position of the center of gravity of the entire measuring device is greatly deviated from the center of the track as in the conventional measuring device shown in FIG. 8 does not occur in the configuration, and good running stability and operability can be obtained.

  In addition, since the surface shape of the platform end can be obtained, even when a defective part occurs during measurement, the state can be accurately recognized, and the measured surface shape can be used when performing repair work. Can be very useful in that respect.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an embodiment of a measuring apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a state of the measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from above. In FIG. 1, 10 indicates a track, and 20 indicates a platform.
In this example, the measuring apparatus includes a carriage 51 that can travel on the track 10. The carriage 51 is a four-wheel carriage in which two wheels (traveling wheels) 52 are arranged on the left and right rails, and each side portion of the two wheels 52 on the platform 20 side and two wheels 52 on the opposite side. A guide roller 53 for preventing the wheel from coming off is provided at the central portion.

As shown in FIG. 3, a linear motion shaft 55 and a coil spring 56 for pressing the guide roller 53 against the gauge surface are incorporated in the support portion 54 of the guide roller 53 located at the center between the opposite wheels 52. Thus, the entire carriage 51 moves to the platform 20 side by the reaction force of the pressing force, and the state where each guide roller 53 is always in contact with the gauge surface is maintained.
The cart 51 is made to be able to travel by hand, and a travel distance sensor 57 for measuring the travel distance of the cart 51 is provided on the wheel 52. The travel distance sensor 57 is constituted by a rotary encoder, for example, and generates a pulse every time the wheel 52 rotates. In this example, the travel distance sensor 57 is provided on one of the wheels 52 on the platform 20 side.

  A support column 58 is erected on the carriage 51, and a mounting table 59 extending in the horizontal direction is attached to the upper end of the support column 58. A stopper pin 61 and a pair of fixing knobs 62 are provided on the base end portion supported by the support column 58 of the mounting base 59, and the mounting base 59 is positioned on the side surface of the support column 58 in the height direction. A guide plate 63 is attached. A plurality of holes 63a into which the stopper pins 61 are fitted are provided in the guide plate 63 in the height direction, and the mounting base 59 is attached to the support column by fitting the stopper pins 61 into the holes 63a and tightening the fixing knob 62. It is positioned and fixed at a predetermined height of 58. In this example, the support column 58 is provided on the track 10 on the platform 20 side.

A non-contact position sensor 64 is attached to the tip of the mounting base 59. In this example, a laser scanner is used as the non-contact position sensor 64.
The laser scanner projects laser light onto the object to be measured, forms an image of the light scattered on the surface of the object to be measured on the line CCD camera using a condenser lens, and inputs the image formation position as a counter value. Data is converted into data, and a large number of point group data can be obtained with a wide viewing angle by continuously scanning the optical axis of laser projection and reception with a galvanometer mirror at high speed.
In this example, by using such a laser scanner as the non-contact position sensor 64, the longitudinal profile (surface shape) in the direction orthogonal to the track 10 at the end of the platform 20 on the track 10 side can be measured. It has become a thing.

As a non-contact measurement method, for example, a laser transmitter and a camera are installed on the carriage 51, the position of the laser beam irradiated in a band shape on the end of the platform 20 is detected by the camera, and each detection position is detected. There is also a so-called light cutting method for measuring the positional relationship between the carriage 51 and the end of the platform 20. However, in the case of this measurement method, it is necessary to adjust the positional relationship and angle of the laser transmitter and the camera very accurately, and the measuring unit is enlarged, so that it can be transported and operated manually. It can not be.
On the other hand, the laser scanner used as the non-contact position sensor 64 in this example is small and light and can be easily adjusted.

On the carriage 51, a controller 65 and a data collection device 70 are mounted in addition to the non-contact position sensor 64. In this example, the data collection device 70 is installed on an installation table 66 provided at the center of the carriage 51, and the controller 65 is installed directly on the carriage 51.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining the electrical configuration of the measuring apparatus. In this example, the data collecting apparatus 70 is an input / output port 71, a CPU 72, an HDD (hard disk device) 73, a RAM 74, a keyboard 75, and a display 76. And a buzzer 77. The data collection device 70 having such a configuration can be configured by a personal computer, for example. 1 and 2, the data collection device 70 is shown as a notebook personal computer.

The HDD 73 of the data collection device 70 stores a data processing program for operating the CPU 72 in a predetermined order at the time of measurement and processing the data, and the distance (height, separation) between the track on each platform and the platform end. ) Management values are prepared and stored in advance. The RAM 74 temporarily stores a data processing program, measurement data, and the like during measurement.
Next, a measuring method and data processing using this measuring apparatus will be described.
In the measurement, first, the data collection device 70 is activated, the keyboard 75 is operated, each specification of the platform to be measured is set, and the management value of the distance (height, separation) between the track and the platform end is set. Read from HDD 73 and load into RAM 74.

Next, the measurement is started and measurement running is performed. A pulse generated from the travel distance sensor 57 is input to the controller 65 every time the wheel 52 rotates due to travel. The pulses input to the controller 65 are cumulatively added by coefficient means provided inside to calculate the travel distance. Each time the travel distance reaches a predetermined value (distance between the measuring points), a measurement command (electrical signal) is output to the measurement unit in the controller 65, whereby measurement by the non-contact position sensor 64 is performed.
The measured data is sent to the CPU 72, where the height and distance are calculated and compared with the management value.

FIG. 5 shows the positional relationship between the track 10 and the non-contact position sensor 64 and the platform 20, and the measurement range of the non-contact position sensor 64. In the figure, P is the position (reference position) of the non-contact position sensor 64. Θ ₀ represents the viewing angle of the non-contact position sensor 64. Here, as shown in the figure,
W ₁ : Distance from track center to reference position P ₁ H: Height from track top to reference position P ₁ : Set angle of non-contact position sensor 64 ₂ : Measurement point measurement angle L ₁ : Measurement point Assuming the distance measurement value, the height H of the measurement point of the platform 20 from the upper surface of the track and the distance W from the track center can be obtained by the following equations.

H = H ₁ −L ₁ × cos (θ ₁ −θ ₂ )
W = W ₁ + L ₁ × sin (θ ₁ −θ ₂ )
By calculating the height H and the separation W with respect to the measurement values at the respective measurement points, the longitudinal profile (surface shape) at the end of the platform 20 as shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained as point cloud data. For example, when the viewing angle θ _{0 is set} to 30 °, 200 or more measurement points are obtained, whereby the surface shape of the end portion of the platform 20 can be accurately grasped.

A value to be compared with the management value is extracted from the point group data (height and distance calculated values) obtained for each measurement point as the measurement travels. In this case, the height is the maximum value within a predetermined extraction range in the direction away from the end of the platform 20, and the height is the minimum value within the predetermined extraction range in the downward direction from the end of the platform 20. The extraction range is set to, for example, 100 mm on a general platform in both height and distance.
The CPU 72 compares the calculated value of the extracted height and separation with the management value, and determines the portion where the extracted calculated value is larger than the management value as the defective portion for the height, and the extracted calculated value is managed for the separation. A portion smaller than the value is determined as a defective portion.

In this way, the comparison result (good or bad) compared by the CPU 72 is displayed on the display 76. At this time, the compared calculated value and management value may be displayed simultaneously. If the comparison result is bad (when the calculated value exceeds the control value), the operator may be alerted by, for example, blinking the display, or an alarm sound may be generated by the buzzer 77. Good.
If point cloud data of a predetermined extraction range is not obtained for the height and the distance due to factors such as local height abnormality at the end of the platform 20, it is determined that the point cannot be measured. In this case, for example, measurement impossible is displayed on the display 76 to notify the measurer that the normal measurement has not been performed and an alarm sound is generated by the buzzer 77.

  Each calculated value (point cloud data) of the height and distance, the comparison result with the management value, and the measurement impossible judgment result are transferred to the HDD 73 and stored. After the measurement, for example, point cloud data in a predetermined range can be read from the HDD 73 and displayed on the display 76 or printed out by the printer 78. By displaying the point cloud data obtained at each measurement point on the display 76 continuously in the longitudinal direction of the platform, the end shape of the platform can be represented as shown in FIG. It can be used to check the construction range during repair work.

In this way, according to this measuring apparatus, it is possible to confirm the situation while looking at the surface shape data of the measurement point to see what the situation is when a defective part occurs at the time of measurement. Is possible.
In addition, because of non-contact measurement, there is no influence of the surface state of the platform end as in contact measurement, and stable and highly accurate measurement can always be performed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The front view for demonstrating the structure of one Example of the railway platform measuring apparatus by this invention. The top view of the measuring apparatus shown in FIG. The figure for demonstrating the structure of the support part of the guide roller located between the wheels on the opposite side to a platform in FIG. The block diagram for demonstrating the electrical structure of the measuring apparatus shown in FIG. The figure which shows the positional relationship with a track | orbit, a non-contact position sensor, a platform, and the measurement range of a non-contact position sensor. The figure which shows the longitudinal profile of the platform edge part obtained by a measurement. The figure which shows the shape of the platform edge part obtained by a measurement. The front view for demonstrating the structure of the conventional measuring apparatus.

Claims (5)

A dolly that can travel on the track,
A distance measuring means for measuring the travel distance of the carriage and outputting an electrical signal for each constant travel distance;
A non-contact position sensor that is installed on the carriage and measures a longitudinal profile in a direction orthogonal to the track at the end of the track on the track side every time the electrical signal is output;
A calculating means for calculating the distance of the end with respect to the trajectory from the measurement data measured by the non-contact position sensor;
Comparing means for comparing the calculated value of the calculating means with a preset management value;
Display means for displaying a comparison result by the comparison means;
A railway platform measuring device comprising a storage means for storing the measurement data and the comparison result. The railway platform measuring device according to claim 1,
A railway platform measuring device, wherein the non-contact position sensor is a laser scanner. The railway platform measuring device according to claim 1,
The non-contact position sensor is attached to a support provided on the carriage,
The railway platform measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the column is positioned on a track on the platform side. The railway platform measuring device according to claim 1,
A railway platform measuring device comprising a buzzer that emits an alarm sound when the calculated value exceeds the control value by comparison by the comparing means. A method of measuring a distance between a track and a platform end and a shape of the platform end by a measuring device including a carriage capable of traveling on the track,
A process of measuring the travel distance of the carriage by a distance measuring means, and outputting an electrical signal for each constant travel distance;
A process of measuring a longitudinal profile in a direction orthogonal to the track at the end of the platform on the track side every time the electrical signal is output by the non-contact position sensor installed on the carriage;
Calculating the distance of the end with respect to the trajectory from the measurement data measured by the non-contact position sensor;
A process of comparing the calculated value with a preset management value;
A process of displaying the comparison result on the display means;
A method for measuring a railway platform, comprising: storing the measurement data and the comparison result in a storage means.

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