JP2012525429A - 神経保護性マンネンタケ組成物およびその使用法 - Google Patents
神経保護性マンネンタケ組成物およびその使用法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2009年4月29日に出願された米国仮出願第61/173,802号の恩典を主張し、その全体を参照により本明細書に組み入れる。
パーキンソン病(PD)はよく知られた神経変性疾患であり、動作緩徐、筋固縮、安静時振戦および平衡障害を引き起こす。多くの患者はこの疾患の進行に伴い、不安、うつ、便秘、認知症等の非運動症状を発症する。
本発明は、マンネンタケエキスを用いて神経変性障害、例えばパーキンソン病(PD)を治療するための材料および方法を提供する。本発明により、マンネンタケエキスが神経保護性であることが見出された。特定の態様において、本発明に従い、マンネンタケエキスを、ミクログリアの活性化を阻害するために使用することができる。
配列番号:1は、本発明によるインターロイキン-1β(IL-1β)のフォワードプライマーである。
本発明は、マンネンタケエキスを用いて神経変性障害を治療するための材料および方法を提供する。本発明により、マンネンタケエキスが神経保護性であることが見出された。特定の態様において、マンネンタケエキスは、本発明に従い、神経変性障害、例えばパーキンソン病(PD)、アルツハイマー病(AD)を治療するためおよび/またはミクログリアの活性化を阻害するために使用することができる。
材料
マンネンタケエキスはPuraPharm Corporation(Guangxi, CN)からの好意により提供いただいた。該エキスは、メタノールおよび低温抽出技術によって子実体から得たものであった。使用したエキスの多糖およびエルゴステリンの含有量を規定した。多糖の収率は、マンネンタケの子実体に対して0.6%(w/w)であり、エルゴステロールは0.35%であった。マンネンタケはリン酸緩衝生理食塩水に溶解させた。細胞培養試薬はGibco(Grand Island, NY)から入手し、[3H]ドーパミン(DA)はPerkinElmer Life Science(Boston, MA)から購入した。リポ多糖およびグリース試薬はSigma(St. Louis, MO)から購入した。ラットCD11bに対するモノクローナル抗体(OX-42)はSerotec(Oxford, UK)から入手した。Diaclone(Besancon, FRA)からラットTNF-α検出用ELISAキットの提供を受け、スーパーオキシドアッセイキットWSTおよびラットIL-1β ELISAキットはそれぞれ、Dojindo、九州、日本およびIBL(群馬、日本)から入手した。リアルタイムPCR試薬はTakara(東京、日本)から提供を受けた。
ミクログリアは、Laboratory Animal Centerから供給された12〜24時間齢のウィスターラットの脳から単離および精製した(Le, W. D. et al., 2001, J. Neurosci., 21: 8447-8455)。簡単に説明すると、脳を切り出し髄膜を取り除いた後、組織を細断し、37℃で20分間トリプシン(0.1Mリン酸緩衝液中の0.25%トリプシン-EDTA)で消化し、これを熱加工したパスツールピペットで粉砕し、200μMナイロンセルストレーナーを通してろ過した。800rpmで5分間遠心分離した後、組織を、10%ウシ胎仔血清(FBS)を含有するDMEMに懸濁し、75cm2フラスコにフラスコ1つあたり細胞5×105 個/mlの密度で播種した。播種から二週間後、フラスコを180rpmで4時間振盪し、浮遊細胞を回収し、800rpmで5分間遠心分離した。さらなる実験処理のために、これらの細胞を再懸濁し、96ウェルプレートにプレーティングした。
パラホルムアルデヒドで固定した細胞培養物を以前に記載されたように免疫染色した(Gao, H. M. et al., 2002, J. Neurosci., 22: 782-790)。ミクログリアはモノクローナル抗体OX-42で染色した。簡単に説明すると、細胞培養物を3% H2O2で15分間処理し、次いで適切な正常血清でブロッキングした後、抗体希釈液中で希釈した一次抗体と共に4℃で一晩インキュベートした(Gao, H. M. et al., 2002, J. Neurosci., 22: 782-790)。適切なビオチニル化二次抗体および次いでABC試薬と共にインキュベートした後、結合した複合体を3,3'-ジアミノベンジジン(DAB)による発色により可視化した。画像はNikon倒立顕微鏡で記録した。
MES 23.5細胞をMPP+ 10μMに24時間曝露した後に、回収して0.25Mスクロース、100mM PBS、1mM MgCl2、1mM EDTAおよび2μMプロテアーゼインヒビターPMSFを含有する緩衝液に入れ、ガラス・テフロンホモジナイザーでホモジナイズした(Le, W. D. et al., 2001, J. Neurosci., 21: 8447-8455)。次に、ホモジネートを8000×gで10分間、4℃で遠心分離し、粗核画分を取り出した。上清を再度、100,000×gで60分間、4℃で遠心分離した。沈殿物をホモジナイズし、培養培地に懸濁し、これをニューロン膜画分として使用した。
各ウェル中の細胞を1mlのクレープス・リンガー緩衝液(16mM NaH2PO4、16mM Na2HPO4、119mM NaCl、4.7mM KCl、1.8mM CaCl2、1.2mM MgSO4、1.3mM EDTAおよび5.6mM グルコース;pH 7.4)で洗浄した。次いでこの細胞を、10nM [3H]ドーパミンを含むクレープス・リンガー緩衝液(10μl/ウェル)と共に、37℃で30分間インキュベートした(Gao, H. M. et al., 2002, J. Neurosci., 22: 782-790)。並行して、ドーパミンおよび、ニューロンによる高親和性ドーパミン取り込みのインヒビターである1mMノミフェンシンの両方を添加したウェル(10μl/ウェル)において、ドーパミンの非特異的取り込みを測定した。その後、細胞を氷冷クレープス・リンガー緩衝液(1ml/ウェル)で三回洗浄し、1N NaOH(0.5ml/ウェル)で溶解させた。溶解産物を3mlのシンチレーション液と一晩混合し、放射線をPerkin Elmer 1450LSC Luminescence Counter(Waltham, USA)で測定した。特異的取り込みは、総放射線量に対して非特異的カウントを除算することによって決定した。
NOの生成は、放出されたNO代謝産物(硝酸塩および亜硝酸塩)をグリース試薬で測定することによって定量した(Mayer, A. M., 1998, Medicina (B Aires), 58: 377-385)。LPS/細胞画分に24時間曝露した後、培養培地サンプルを回収し、遠心分離によって無細胞化した。この培地を同量のグリース試薬と共に室温で10分間インキュベートした後、LP-400 ELISAリーダー(Diagnostics Pasteur, Marne-la-Coquette, France)において適切な標準を用い、540nmで吸光度を測定した。
サンプルをNOサンプルと同じように調製し、ラットTNF-αキット、ラットIL-1β ELISAキットおよびスーパーオキシドアッセイキットWSTを製造元の指示に従って使用して、これらの因子の産生を決定した。測定は450nmで行った。
総RNAは、RNAprepキットを製造元の説明書に従って使用して初代ミクログリア細胞から抽出した。RNAをランダム9マーでプライミングし、製造元の推奨プロトコルに従いAMV逆転写酵素を用いた逆転写(RT)によりcDNAに変換した(Schell, J. B. et al., 2007, J. Neuroimmunol., 189: 75-87; Liu, B. et al., 2000, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 293: 607-617)。次いで、得られたcDNAを、20μlの反応液中に終濃度で1×SYBR Green(Molecular Probes)および0.2μMの関心対象のプライマーセットを含むSYBR Premix Ex Taqを用いたリアルタイムPCRに供した。PCR混合物をDNA engine Opticon 2(MJ research; Waltham, MA)で反応させた。最初の10秒間の95℃変性工程の後、95℃で5秒間、60℃で30秒間および80℃で1秒間のサイクルを35回繰り返して反応液を反応させた。反応液から得られた生成物の融点が同等かつ適切であることを確認するため、溶解曲線分析を行った。使用した特異的プライマーを表1に列挙する(Schell, J. B. et al., 2007, J. Neuroimmunol., 189: 75-87)。標的転写産物の定量は、較正曲線に基づき行った。「ハウスキーピング」遺伝子であるβ-アクチンを内部対照遺伝子として標的化した。試験遺伝子のデータを、対応するβ-アクチンのデータにより標準化した。
データは平均値±S.D.で表した。統計学的有意性は、SPSS 11.5を用いた分散分析(ANOVA)およびその後のLSD事後分析により評価した。p<0.05の値は統計学的に有意であるとみなされた。
神経変性におけるミクログリア活性化のモデルを樹立するため、LPSおよびMPP+で処理したドーパミン作動性細胞膜を、ミクログリア培養物またはドーパミン作動性ニューロン(MES23.5細胞株)とミクログリアとの共培養物のいずれかにおける刺激因子として使用した。
ミクログリアは活性化の結果としてサイトカインを産生できる(20〜22)。マンネンタケの神経保護活性の根本的メカニズムを解明するため、ミクログリア由来の炎症性サイトカインおよびROSのレベルに対するマンネンタケの効果を調査した。ミクログリア細胞培養物を異なる量(50〜400μg/ml)のマンネンタケで30分間前処理した後、LPSまたはMPP+処理したCFに曝露した。
炎症媒介性の神経毒性を評価するため、ドーパミン作動性MES23.5ニューロンを、ミクログリア共培養物の非存在下または存在下で100μM MPP+または0.25μg/ml LPSに24時間曝露し、[3H] DA取り込みアッセイを用いて神経毒性を評価した。
ニューロン・ミクログリア共培養物を0.25μg/ml LPSに24時間曝露すると、[3H] DA取り込みは共培養物と比較して有意に約50%減少した(図7)。400μg/mlマンネンタケによる共培養物の前処理もまた、LPSにより誘導される[3H] DA取り込みの減少を有意に軽減した(マンネンタケ未処理で50%減少に対してマンネンタケ処理で22%減少)。
炎症促進因子の合成は様々なレベルで制御される。転写後、翻訳時および翻訳後のメカニズムが重要な役割を果たしている一方、主要な調節の現場は遺伝子の転写であるようである。TNF-αおよびIL-1βのmRNA発現レベルは対照細胞ではほとんど検出不可能であったが、LPSおよびCFによって有意に増加した。
Claims (20)
- 神経変性障害を治療する方法であって、そのような治療を必要とする被験体に有効量のマンネンタケ(Ganoderma lucidum)エキスを投与する工程を含む、方法。
- マンネンタケエキスがマンネンタケの子実体から低温抽出により得られる、請求項1記載の方法。
- マンネンタケの子実体に対する収率約0.6%(w/w)で多糖が得られる、請求項2記載の方法。
- マンネンタケの子実体に対する収率約0.35%(w/w)でエルゴステロールが得られる、請求項2記載の方法。
- 被験体がヒトである、請求項1記載の方法。
- 炎症を軽減させる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 炎症が神経炎症である、請求項6記載の方法。
- TNF-αの産生を低下させる、請求項1記載の方法。
- IL-1βの産生を低下させる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 活性酸素種の産生を低下させる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 一酸化窒素の産生を低下させる、請求項1記載の方法。
- スーパーオキシドの産生を低下させる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 神経変性障害が、パーキンソン病、アルツハイマー病、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)、多発性硬化症、末梢性ニューロパシー、帯状疱疹、脳卒中、統合失調症、てんかん、ダウン症候群およびターナー症候群からなる群より選択される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 神経変性障害がパーキンソン病またはアルツハイマー病である、請求項13記載の方法。
- 黒質におけるミクログリアの活性化を阻害する方法であって、ミクログリアに有効量のマンネンタケエキスを接触させる工程を含む、方法。
- マンネンタケエキスの有効量が100μg/ml超である、請求項15記載の方法。
- マンネンタケエキスがマンネンタケの子実体から低温抽出により産生される、請求項15記載の方法。
- TNF-αの産生を低下させる、請求項15記載の方法。
- IL-1βの産生を低下させる、請求項15記載の方法。
- マンネンタケエキスおよび医学的に許容できる担体を含む、組成物。
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JP2015110546A (ja) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-06-18 | 日本メナード化粧品株式会社 | トランスポゾン移動抑制剤 |
JP2016501861A (ja) * | 2012-11-26 | 2016-01-21 | ウー ソフィア シュー フェン | オートファジーを誘導する方法及び組成物 |
KR20190059394A (ko) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-05-31 | 주식회사 뉴메디온 | 영지버섯 추출물 또는 에르고스테롤을 함유하는 피부 쿨링용 화장료 조성물 |
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US8628785B2 (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2014-01-14 | Yeastern Biotech Co., Ltd | Method for augmenting the immunogenicity of an antigen |
CN103536901A (zh) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-29 | 张喜田 | 重组灵芝免疫调节蛋白在制备治疗帕金森病药物中的应用 |
CN104825462B (zh) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-08-08 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | 白肉灵芝提取物的抗炎用途 |
WO2016130908A1 (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2016-08-18 | The University Of Toledo | Therapeutic polysaccharide midi-gagr and related materials and methods |
MA47395A (fr) * | 2015-05-27 | 2019-12-11 | Ucb Biopharma Sprl | Méthode pour le traitement d'une maladie neurologique |
WO2018082034A1 (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2018-05-11 | Trineo Biotechnology Co., Ltd | Uses of triterpenoid mixture for treating multiple sclerosis |
CN107625794A (zh) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-26 | 广东省微生物研究所(广东省微生物分析检测中心) | 灵芝醇提物在制备预防和/或治疗阿尔茨海默症的制剂中的用途 |
CN114107072B (zh) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-04-11 | 四川省中医药科学院 | 一种新灵芝菌株zl2及其用途 |
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JP2015110546A (ja) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-06-18 | 日本メナード化粧品株式会社 | トランスポゾン移動抑制剤 |
KR20190059394A (ko) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-05-31 | 주식회사 뉴메디온 | 영지버섯 추출물 또는 에르고스테롤을 함유하는 피부 쿨링용 화장료 조성물 |
KR102051057B1 (ko) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-12-02 | 주식회사 뉴메디온 | 영지버섯 추출물 또는 에르고스테롤을 함유하는 피부 쿨링용 화장료 조성물 |
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CN107456466A (zh) | 2017-12-12 |
WO2010127143A3 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
EP2424552B1 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
JP5993739B2 (ja) | 2016-09-14 |
AU2010242967A1 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
EP2424552A4 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
EP2424552A2 (en) | 2012-03-07 |
CA2760530C (en) | 2017-12-19 |
US20100278855A1 (en) | 2010-11-04 |
JP2016029057A (ja) | 2016-03-03 |
AU2010242967B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
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