JP2012251780A - Method of treating water contaminated by radioactive substance - Google Patents
Method of treating water contaminated by radioactive substance Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012251780A JP2012251780A JP2011122375A JP2011122375A JP2012251780A JP 2012251780 A JP2012251780 A JP 2012251780A JP 2011122375 A JP2011122375 A JP 2011122375A JP 2011122375 A JP2011122375 A JP 2011122375A JP 2012251780 A JP2012251780 A JP 2012251780A
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Abstract
Description
この発明は、放射性セシウムや放射性ヨウ素などの放射性物質を電気分解で処理する放射性物質汚染水の処理方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for treating radioactive material-contaminated water in which radioactive materials such as radioactive cesium and radioactive iodine are treated by electrolysis.
地震による津波の発生が引き起こした原発事故で、放射能汚染水の処理が大きな社会問題となっている。
従来、原子力施設で発生する放射性廃液の処理方法に関する提案があった（特許文献１）。
すなわち、核燃料再処理施設では再処理工程で硝酸（ＨＮＯ3）を用い、用済み後は水酸化ナトリウム（ＮａＯＨ）で中和処理するため、硝酸ナトリウム（ＮａＮＯ3）廃液が発生する。
この提案によれば、放射性物質及びナトリウム化合物を含む放射性廃液を乾燥して乾燥体とした後、該乾燥体を加熱により溶融塩としてこれを陽極液とし、ナトリウムイオン導電性のβ−アルミナを隔膜として電気分解することにより、放射性物質及びナトリウム化合物を含む放射性廃液中から、高純度（固体）で極低放射性レベルの金属ナトリウム又は水酸化ナトリウムを高電気効率で回収できる。また、陽極側の酸性根はガスとして発生するため、必要に応じ中和、分解処理し、非放射性物質として施設外に廃棄あるいは保管することができる。更に本発明によれば、従来のイオン交換膜を用いた電気透析による処理法に比べコンパクトな設備で処理が可能である、というものである。
しかし、この技術は排水の処理には適用し難いという問題があった。
Conventionally, there has been a proposal regarding a method for treating radioactive liquid waste generated in a nuclear facility (Patent Document 1).
That is, in the nuclear fuel reprocessing facility, nitric acid (HNO 3 ) is used in the reprocessing step and neutralized with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) after use, so that a sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ) waste liquid is generated.
According to this proposal, a radioactive waste liquid containing a radioactive substance and a sodium compound is dried to obtain a dried body, and then the dried body is heated to form a molten salt, which is used as an anolyte, and sodium ion conductive β-alumina is used as a diaphragm. As a result, it is possible to recover metal sodium or sodium hydroxide having high purity (solid) and extremely low radioactive level from a radioactive liquid waste containing radioactive substances and sodium compounds with high electrical efficiency. Further, since the acidic root on the anode side is generated as a gas, it can be neutralized and decomposed as necessary, and discarded or stored outside the facility as a non-radioactive substance. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the treatment can be performed with a compact facility as compared with the treatment method by electrodialysis using a conventional ion exchange membrane.
However, this technique has a problem that it is difficult to apply to wastewater treatment.
そこでこの発明は、排水の処理にも適用することができる放射性物質汚染水の処理方法を提供しようとするものである。 Therefore, the present invention is intended to provide a method for treating radioactive material contaminated water that can also be applied to wastewater treatment.
前記課題を解決するためこの発明では次のような技術的手段を講じている。
この発明の放射性物質汚染水の処理方法は、放射性物質汚染水を電気分解して変成する電解工程と、電解後に変成した放射性物質を除去する分離工程とを有することを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following technical means.
The method for treating radioactive material contaminated water according to the present invention is characterized by comprising an electrolysis step for electrolyzing and modifying radioactive material contaminated water, and a separation step for removing the radioactive material modified after electrolysis.
この発明によると、放射性物質汚染水を電気分解して変成する電解工程を有するので、例えば放射性セシウム（Ｃｓ）や放射性ヨウ素（Ｉ）を、放射性次亜ヨウ素酸（ＨＯＩ）、放射性次亜ヨウ素酸セシウム（ＣｓＯＩ）、放射性ヨウ化セシウム（ＣｓＩ）などの化合物の形に変化させることができる。 According to this invention, since it has an electrolysis process in which radioactive material contaminated water is electrolyzed and transformed, for example, radioactive cesium (Cs) and radioactive iodine (I) are converted into radioactive hypoiodous acid (HOI) and radioactive hypoiodous acid. It can be changed into the form of compounds such as cesium (CsOI) and radioactive cesium iodide (CsI).
そして、電解後に変成した放射性物質を除去する分離工程とを有するので、放射性次亜ヨウ素酸（ＨＯＩ）、放射性次亜ヨウ素酸セシウム（ＣｓＯＩ）、放射性ヨウ化セシウム（ＣｓＩ）などを活性炭に吸着させたり、ＲＯ膜に引っ掛けたりすることにより液相から除去することができる。 And a separation step of removing the radioactive material modified after electrolysis, so that radioactive hypoiodous acid (HOI), radioactive cesium hypoiodite (CsOI), radioactive cesium iodide (CsI), etc. are adsorbed on the activated carbon. Or can be removed from the liquid phase by hooking on the RO membrane.
また、放射性物質汚染水の電気分解により、放射性セシウム（Ｃｓ）や放射性ヨウ素（Ｉ）が電気分解の際の電磁波の影響を受け、複数の陽子と複数の中性子の集合体であって、陽子同士の電気的反発により大きな歪みを孕んだ原子核が安定化し、放射能が低減し放射性が低下する。 In addition, radioactive cesium (Cs) and radioactive iodine (I) are affected by electromagnetic waves during electrolysis due to electrolysis of radioactive material contaminated water, and are an assembly of a plurality of protons and a plurality of neutrons. Due to the electrical repulsion of the nuclei, the nuclei with large strain are stabilized, the radioactivity is reduced, and the radioactivity is lowered.
この発明は上述のような構成であり、次の効果を有する。
この発明は常温でも処理することができるので、排水の処理にも適用することができる放射性物質汚染水の処理方法を提供することができる。
The present invention is configured as described above and has the following effects.
Since this invention can be processed even at normal temperature, it can provide a method for treating radioactive material-contaminated water that can also be applied to wastewater treatment.
以下、この発明の実施の形態を説明する。
この実施形態の放射性物質汚染水の処理方法は、放射性物質汚染水を電気分解して変成する電解工程と、電解後に変成した放射性物質を除去する分離工程とを有するようにしている。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
The method for treating radioactive material contaminated water according to this embodiment includes an electrolysis process in which radioactive substance contaminated water is electrolyzed and modified, and a separation process in which the modified radioactive material is removed after electrolysis.
前記放射性物質として、例えば放射性セシウム（Ｃｓ）や放射性ヨウ素（Ｉ）を例示することができる。
電解による放射性セシウム（Ｃｓ）や放射性ヨウ素（Ｉ）の変成後の化合物として、放射性次亜ヨウ素酸（ＨＯＩ）、放射性次亜ヨウ素酸セシウム（ＣｓＯＩ）、放射性ヨウ化セシウム（ＣｓＩ）を例示することができる。
電解後に変成した放射性物質を除去する分離手段として、例えば活性炭に吸着させたり、ＲＯ膜に引っ掛けたりすることを例示することができる。
Examples of the radioactive substance include radioactive cesium (Cs) and radioactive iodine (I).
Illustrate radioactive hypoiodous acid (HOI), radioactive hypoiodous acid (CsOI), and radioactive cesium iodide (CsI) as compounds after modification of radioactive cesium (Cs) and radioactive iodine (I) by electrolysis Can do.
Examples of the separation means for removing the radioactive substance denatured after the electrolysis include, for example, adsorption onto activated carbon or hooking on an RO membrane.
次に、この実施形態の放射性物質汚染水の処理方法使用状態を説明する。
この実施形態によると、放射性物質汚染水を電気分解して変成する電解工程を有するので、例えば放射性セシウム（Ｃｓ）や放射性ヨウ素（Ｉ）を、放射性次亜ヨウ素酸（ＨＯＩ）、放射性次亜ヨウ素酸セシウム（ＣｓＯＩ）、放射性ヨウ化セシウム（ＣｓＩ）などの化合物の形に変化させることができる。
Next, the usage method of the radioactive material contaminated water treatment method of this embodiment will be described.
According to this embodiment, since it has an electrolysis process in which radioactive material contaminated water is electrolyzed and transformed, for example, radioactive cesium (Cs) and radioactive iodine (I) are converted into radioactive hypoiodous acid (HOI) and radioactive hypoiodine. It can be changed into the form of a compound such as cesium acid (CsOI) or radioactive cesium iodide (CsI).
そして、電解後に変成した放射性物質を除去する分離工程を有するので、放射性次亜ヨウ素酸（ＨＯＩ）、放射性次亜ヨウ素酸セシウム（ＣｓＯＩ）、放射性ヨウ化セシウム（ＣｓＩ）などを活性炭に吸着させたり、ＲＯ膜に引っ掛けたりすることにより液相から除去することができる。
すなわち、常温でも処理することができるので、排水の処理にも適用することができるという利点を有する。
And since it has the separation process which removes the radioactive material modified after electrolysis, radioactive hypoiodous acid (HOI), radioactive cesium hypoiodite (CsOI), radioactive cesium iodide (CsI), etc. are adsorbed on activated carbon. It can be removed from the liquid phase by being hooked on the RO membrane.
In other words, since it can be treated at room temperature, it has the advantage that it can also be applied to wastewater treatment.
また、放射性物質汚染水の電気分解により、放射性セシウム（Ｃｓ）や放射性ヨウ素（Ｉ）が電気分解の際の電磁波の影響を受け、複数の陽子と複数の中性子の集合体であって、陽子同士の電気的反発により大きな歪みを孕んだ原子核が安定化し、放射能が低減し放射性が低下する。 In addition, radioactive cesium (Cs) and radioactive iodine (I) are affected by electromagnetic waves during electrolysis due to electrolysis of radioactive material contaminated water, and are an assembly of a plurality of protons and a plurality of neutrons. Due to the electrical repulsion of the nuclei, the nuclei with large strain are stabilized, the radioactivity is reduced, and the radioactivity is lowered.
常温でも処理することができ、排水の処理にも適用することができることによって、種々の放射性廃棄物の処理の用途に適用することができる。 Since it can be treated at normal temperature and can be applied to wastewater treatment, it can be applied to various kinds of radioactive waste treatment.
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| JP2011122375A JP2012251780A (en) | 2011-05-31 | 2011-05-31 | Method of treating water contaminated by radioactive substance |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05346493A (en) * | 1992-06-16 | 1993-12-27 | Toshiba Corp | Treatment method for radioactive waste |
| JP2000254446A (en) * | 1999-03-08 | 2000-09-19 | Japan Atom Energy Res Inst | Iodine removing filter carrying silver and iodine removing device |
| JP2003088881A (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2003-03-25 | Ebara Corp | Method and apparatus for treating sewage |
| JP2006346258A (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Washing machine |
| JP2008048759A (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-03-06 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Air sterilizing device and air cleaning device |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05346493A (en) * | 1992-06-16 | 1993-12-27 | Toshiba Corp | Treatment method for radioactive waste |
| JP2000254446A (en) * | 1999-03-08 | 2000-09-19 | Japan Atom Energy Res Inst | Iodine removing filter carrying silver and iodine removing device |
| JP2003088881A (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2003-03-25 | Ebara Corp | Method and apparatus for treating sewage |
| JP2006346258A (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Washing machine |
| JP2008048759A (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-03-06 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Air sterilizing device and air cleaning device |
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