JP2012246981A - Liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility allowing efficient filling of liquefied hydrogen into an inner tank by reducing an atmospheric diffusion amount of hydrogen gas for keeping pressure in the inner tank constant without depending on the position of a liquid level of liquefied hydrogen in the inner tank.SOLUTION: Liquefied hydrogen draw-out piping 31 for drawing out liquefied hydrogen 38-1 stored in the inner tank 51 to the outside of a vacuum insulating duplex-shell storage tank 11 includes a gas phase cooling section 59 for cooling the gas phase 39 situated at an upper part 51A in the inner tank 51 among gas phases in the inner tank 51 by the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 drawn out via the liquefied hydrogen draw-out piping 31.

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility, and more particularly to a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility capable of reducing the atmospheric loss of hydrogen gas during filling of liquefied hydrogen from a tank lorry.

  When hydrogen is used in a liquid form, it is impractical to liquefy hydrogen gas in the field due to the complexity of the equipment, except for a very large capacity. In this case, after the liquefied hydrogen storage tank is installed in the vicinity of the demand destination, the liquefied hydrogen discharged from the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment is supplied as it is to the demand destination through a heat insulating pipe.

  Further, when the usage form of hydrogen is gas and the usage amount is extremely large, a hydrogen production apparatus is often constructed locally. When the amount used is relatively small, it is often supplied in a moving container such as a cardle or a trailer.

Further, when the amount of hydrogen used is in the middle, a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility having a liquefied hydrogen storage tank (low temperature liquefied gas storage tank) is provided in the vicinity of the customer.
In this case, the liquefied hydrogen discharged from the liquefied hydrogen storage tank is vaporized by the gas-feeding evaporator and supplied to the customer through the piping. In some cases, liquefied hydrogen and hydrogen gas are simultaneously supplied from the liquefied hydrogen storage tank.

  The low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank containing liquefied nitrogen and liquefied hydrogen is generally a double-shell structure having an inner tank for storing the low-temperature liquefied gas and an outer tank for housing the inner tank. A space between the inner tank and the outer tank is a vacuum heat insulating space. In general, the low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank extracts the built-in liquid by maintaining an appropriate pressure difference between its own pressure and the pressure of the customer.

  In addition, when liquefied hydrogen or hydrogen gas is used at a customer, and the liquefied hydrogen in the inner tank is dispensed, the liquid level of the liquefied hydrogen in the inner tank is lowered, and the space of the gas phase existing in the inner tank is reduced. Since it increases, the pressure in an inner tank will fall.

Therefore, conventionally, in order to compensate for the pressure drop in the inner tank, the liquefied hydrogen storage tank generates hydrogen gas by evaporating the liquefied hydrogen as the built-in liquid with a pressure evaporator, and the hydrogen gas is stored in the inner tank. By introducing into the uppermost part of the gas phase, the pressure in the inner tank is maintained at a desired pressure (constant pressure).
The pressure evaporator usually performs heat exchange with the atmosphere and hot water to evaporate liquefied hydrogen and generate hydrogen gas having a temperature close to room temperature.

Liquefied hydrogen has a very low saturation temperature of about 30 K at a pressure of 0.7 MPaG, and the temperature of the portion in contact with the liquefied hydrogen (the lowermost portion of the gas phase) in the gas phase is approximately the same as the temperature of liquefied hydrogen.
However, since the hydrogen gas that has passed through the above-described pressure evaporator has a temperature of about 300K, a light gas of about 1/10 of the gas density at the bottom of the gas phase is supplied to the top of the gas phase. It will be.

  From the above gas density relationship, gas phase agitation by natural convection cannot be expected, a high density gas stably exists at the bottom of the gas phase, and a low density gas stabilizes at the top of the gas phase. Will exist.

However, if the extraction speed of liquefied hydrogen from the inner tank is sufficiently slow, that is, if the flow rate of the pressurized gas supplied through the pressurized evaporator is small, even if the above-mentioned convection cannot be expected, The member which comprises the upper part of an inner tank is cooled by the radiant heat transfer by the liquefied hydrogen which remains in the lower part.
For this reason, the relatively high temperature gas located in the upper part of the gas phase is also indirectly cooled by convective heat transfer with the member constituting the upper part of the inner tank. Thereby, since natural convection in the gas phase continues for a long time, cooling of the entire gas phase can be expected.

  However, when the extraction speed of liquefied hydrogen from the inner tank is high, that is, when the flow rate of the pressurized gas supplied via the pressurized evaporator is large, the members constituting the upper part of the inner tank by liquefied hydrogen The cooling of the gas phase via radiation cooling may not be sufficient in time.

  By the way, when the amount of liquefied hydrogen in the inner tank falls below a certain amount, new liquefied hydrogen is filled into the inner tank from the tank lorry. Normally, when liquefied hydrogen is filled in the inner tank, a liquefied hydrogen is poured into the liquid phase (liquefied hydrogen) stored in the lower part of the inner tank and the upper part of the gas phase of the inner tank. Two lines are used together with the line.

  Ideally, the two lines are used as follows in general. When liquefied hydrogen is supplied using a line that flows into the liquid phase, the liquid level of the liquefied hydrogen in the inner tank gradually rises, so the pressure in the inner tank increases as the gas phase in the inner tank is compressed. To do.

  On the other hand, when liquefied hydrogen is supplied using a line that flows into the gas phase, the gas phase that exists in the upper part of the inner tank and that is higher than the equilibrium temperature with liquefied hydrogen is cooled by touching the liquefied hydrogen from the tank lorry. It can be expected that the volume shrinks and the pressure in the inner tank decreases.

  If the supply of liquefied hydrogen from the tank lorry is stabilized, the pressure in the inner tank should be controlled within an appropriate range by using both the line that flows into the liquid phase and the line that flows into the gas phase in a balanced manner. The liquid hydrogen can be filled without releasing the gas into the atmosphere.

  However, in actual operation, if the temperature of the gas phase in the inner tank is high, a considerable amount of hydrogen gas must be released to the atmosphere for a while after starting to use the line flowing into the gas phase. There is.

  This is because the liquefied hydrogen that is poured in evaporates the liquefied hydrogen that is poured by touching the relatively high-temperature hydrogen gas located in the upper part of the inner tank, rather than the effect that the upper gas phase is cooled. As a result, the pressure in the inner tub exceeds the allowable pressure range unless atmospheric diffusion is performed.

  The tendency is that the higher the speed of extracting liquefied hydrogen from the inner tank toward the customer, that is, the higher the flow rate of pressurized gas per hour (in other words, the more frequently liquefied hydrogen is charged from the tank truck). Appears prominently.

  In Patent Document 1, the pressurized gas pipe from the outlet of the pressurized evaporator is opened at the top of the inner tank, and the pressurized gas pipe is immersed in liquefied hydrogen stored in the inner tank to cool the pressurized gas, There is disclosed a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility for supplying a cooled pressurized gas to a gas phase located in an upper part of an inner tank.

  In Patent Document 2, a first on-off valve is provided on the inlet side of the pressurized evaporator in the pressurized evaporation line connecting the lower part and the upper part of the inner tank, and the branch is pressurized from the inlet side of the first on-off valve. A bypass line that joins the outlet side of the evaporator is provided, a second open / close valve is provided in the bypass line, and the temperature detected by the temperature detector that detects the temperature of the gas phase of liquefied hydrogen above the liquefied hydrogen storage tank is the set temperature. Thus, a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility for controlling the opening degrees of the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve is disclosed.

JP 2011-001993 A JP2011-001992A

  However, in the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility described in Patent Document 1, when the position of the liquid level of the liquefied hydrogen in the inner tank is low, the length of the pressurized gas pipe immersed in the liquefied hydrogen is shortened. There was a problem that the pressurized gas flowing through the piping could not be sufficiently cooled.

  Further, in the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility described in Patent Document 2, since the heat capacity of the entire gas phase in the inner tank is very large, a line bypassing the pressurized evaporator is installed to mix the liquefied hydrogen with the pressurized gas. Therefore, even if it is attempted to control the gas temperature in the inner tank, it is difficult to sufficiently control the temperature, and there is a possibility of interfering with the pressurization control of the inner tank.

  That is, in the facilities described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, when filling liquefied hydrogen into the inner tank from the tank lorry, the amount of hydrogen gas released to the atmosphere to keep the pressure in the inner tank constant is reduced. It was difficult to efficiently fill the interior with liquefied hydrogen.

  Accordingly, the present invention reduces the amount of hydrogen gas released to the atmosphere to maintain the pressure in the inner tank constant without depending on the position of the liquid level of liquefied hydrogen in the inner tank, and improves the efficiency in the inner tank. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility that can be well filled with liquefied hydrogen.

  In order to solve the above problems, according to the invention according to claim 1, an inner tank for storing liquefied hydrogen, an outer tank for housing the inner tank, and a vacuum provided between the inner tank and the outer tank. A liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility for supplying the liquefied hydrogen or hydrogen gas to a demand destination, wherein the liquefied hydrogen stored in the inner tank is A piping for extracting liquefied hydrogen to be extracted to the outside of the heavy shell storage tank, wherein the liquefied hydrogen extracting pipe is the liquid hydrogen extracted through the liquefied hydrogen extracting pipe, and the gas phase in the inner tank is There is provided a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility characterized by having a gas phase cooling unit for cooling a gas phase located in an upper part of an inner tank.

  According to the invention of claim 2, the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe passes through the upper part of the inner tank, extends to the lower part of the inner tank, and is positioned at the lower part of the inner tank. The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility according to claim 1, further comprising a liquefied hydrogen outlet for extracting the liquefied hydrogen.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe is routed through the vacuum insulation space from the lower part of the inner tank to the upper part of the inner tank, and the lower part of the inner tank. 2. The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility according to claim 1, further comprising a liquefied hydrogen extraction port through which the liquefied hydrogen is extracted at a lower portion of the inner tank.

  Moreover, according to the invention which concerns on Claim 4, the said piping for liquefied hydrogen extraction penetrates the upper part of the said inner tank from the said vacuum heat insulation space, is introduced in the said inner tank, and is again the upper part of the said inner tank. The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment according to claim 3 is provided.

  Moreover, according to the invention which concerns on Claim 5, the said gas phase cooling part is pipe | tube which is arrange | positioned in the upper part in the said inner tank, and made a part of said liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe | tube into a spiral shape, or the said The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe is a pipe provided with fins on the outer periphery of a part of the pipe, or a pipe having both the spiral-shaped pipe and the pipe provided with the fin. A liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility according to any one of 1, 2, and 4 is provided.

  Moreover, according to the invention which concerns on Claim 6, a part of said piping made into the spiral shape is closely_contact | adhered to the inner wall of the said inner tank, The liquefied hydrogen storage supply equipment of Claim 5 characterized by the above-mentioned is provided. Is done.

  Moreover, according to the invention which concerns on Claim 7, the said gas phase cooling part is arrange | positioned so that the outer wall of the upper part of the said inner tank may be contacted, and the piping which made a part of the said piping for liquefied hydrogen extraction into a spiral shape by The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is provided.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment according to the seventh aspect, wherein a part of the spiral pipe is in close contact with the outer wall of the inner tank. Is done.

  According to the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility of the present invention, the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe is provided for extracting the liquefied hydrogen stored in the inner tank to the outside of the vacuum insulated double shell storage tank, and the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe is used for extracting the liquefied hydrogen. By having a gas phase cooling part that cools the gas phase located in the upper part of the inner tank among the gas phases in the inner tank by the liquefied hydrogen extracted through the pipe, the liquefied hydrogen is introduced into the inner tank from the tank lorry. It is possible to sufficiently cool the gas phase located in the upper part of the inner tank (the gas phase having a higher temperature than the gas phase in contact with the liquefied hydrogen) in the previous stage of filling the gas.

In addition, even when the position of the liquid level (upper surface) of liquefied hydrogen in the inner tank is low (when the remaining amount of liquefied hydrogen is low), the gas phase located in the upper part of the inner tank can be sufficiently cooled. Become.
Therefore, without depending on the position of the liquid level of liquefied hydrogen in the inner tank, the amount of hydrogen gas released to the atmosphere to keep the pressure in the inner tank constant is reduced, and liquefied hydrogen is efficiently introduced into the inner tank. Can be filled.

It is a figure showing the schematic structure of the liquefied hydrogen storage supply equipment concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the liquefied hydrogen storage supply equipment which concerns on the 1st modification of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the AA line direction of the gas phase cooling part shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the liquefied hydrogen storage supply equipment which concerns on the 2nd modification of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the liquefied hydrogen storage supply equipment which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the liquefied hydrogen storage supply equipment which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the liquefied hydrogen storage supply equipment which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 according to the first embodiment includes a vacuum heat insulation double shell storage tank 11, a liquefied hydrogen lower filling and pressurizing extraction pipe 13, a pressurizing valve 14, and a pressurizing valve. The evaporator 15, the pressure adjustment pipe 17, the pressure relief line 18, the pressure relief valve 19, the first connection part 22, the branch line 23, the lower filling valve 24, and the liquefied hydrogen upper filling pipe 26. And an upper filling valve 27, a liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31, a liquefied hydrogen supply line 33, a hydrogen gas supply line 34, and a gas feed evaporator 35.

The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 is a facility for supplying liquefied hydrogen 38-1 to a liquefied hydrogen demand destination or supplying hydrogen gas generated when the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 is evaporated to a hydrogen gas demand destination.
The vacuum heat insulation double shell storage tank 11 includes an inner tank 51 that stores the liquefied hydrogen 38-1, an outer tank 52 that houses the inner tank 51, and a vacuum heat insulation space 53 that is provided between the inner tank 51 and the outer tank 52. It is comprised by.

  One end of the liquefied hydrogen lower filling and pressure extraction pipe 13 can be filled with the liquefied hydrogen 38-2 stored in the tank lorry 41 in the inner tank 51, and the liquefied hydrogen 38 stored in the inner tank 51. -1 is connected to the lower part 51 </ b> B of the inner tank 51 in a state where −1 can be pulled out to the outside of the vacuum heat insulating double-shell storage tank 11.

The pressurized evaporator 15 is provided in the liquefied hydrogen lower filling and pressure extraction piping 13, and the liquefied hydrogen 38 − is supplied from the lower portion 51 B of the inner tank 51 through the liquefied hydrogen lower filling and pressure extraction piping 13. By extracting 1 and evaporating it, hydrogen gas, which is a pressurized gas, is generated.
One end of the pressure adjusting pipe 17 is connected to the liquefied hydrogen lower filling and pressure extracting pipe 13, and the other end is connected to the upper portion 51 </ b> A of the inner tank 51.

  The pressurizing valve 14 is provided in the pressure adjusting pipe 17 and opens when the pressure in the inner tank 51 falls below a predetermined pressure, and pressure adjustment is performed on the pressurized gas (hydrogen gas) generated by the pressurized evaporator 15. The pressure of the gas phase (pressure in the inner tank 51) is adjusted to a desired pressure by supplying the gas phase in the inner tank 51 through the piping 17 for use.

  The pressure relief line 18 is branched from the pressure adjusting pipe 17. The pressure relief valve 19 is provided in the pressure relief line 18. The pressure relief valve 19 is opened when the pressure in the inner tank 51 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, and thereby the hydrogen gas existing in the inner tank 51 is diffused to the atmosphere via the pressure adjusting pipe 17.

  The first connecting portion 22 is provided at one end of the branch line 23, and one end of the flexible hose 43 is connected to the first connecting portion 22. The other end of the branch line 23 is connected to the liquefied hydrogen filling and pressure extraction pipe 13 via the lower filling valve 24 (branched from the liquefied hydrogen filling and pressure extraction pipe 13). .

The flexible hose 43 is a liquefied hydrogen charging hose that connects the first connecting portion 22 and the second connecting portion 42 provided in the tank truck 41. When the position of the liquid level 38 a-1 of the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 in the inner tank 51 is lowered, the liquefied hydrogen 38-2 filled in the tank lorry 41 is introduced into the first connection portion 22 through the flexible hose 43. Is done.
The liquefied hydrogen 38-2 is the same type of liquefied hydrogen as the liquefied hydrogen 38-1. In the present embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the following explanation is given using liquefied hydrogen 38-1 and liquefied hydrogen 38-2.

  The lower filling valve 24 opens when the liquid level 38a-1 of the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 in the inner tank 51 is lowered and the first connecting portion 22 and the tank truck 41 are connected via the flexible hose 43. Is used when filling the liquefied hydrogen 38-2 in the tank lorry 41 from the lower part 51B of the inner tank 51 into the inner tank 51 through the branch line 23 and the lower liquid hydrogen filling and pressure extraction pipe 13. .

One end of the liquefied hydrogen upper filling pipe 26 is connected to the branch line 23, and the other end is connected to the upper portion 51 </ b> A of the inner tank 51. In the liquefied hydrogen upper filling pipe 26, the liquid level 38 a-1 of the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 in the inner tank 51 is lowered, the first connecting portion 22 and the tank truck 41 are connected by the flexible hose 43, and the upper filling valve 27. Is used to fill liquefied hydrogen 38-2 into the inner tank 51 from the upper part 51A of the inner tank 51.
The lower filling valve 24 and the upper filling valve 27 have their respective opening degrees adjusted so that the gas phase pressure becomes a desired pressure when the inner tank 51 is filled with the liquefied hydrogen 38-2 in the tank lorry 41. .

  The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 is a pipe for extracting the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 stored in the inner tank 51 to the outside of the vacuum heat insulating double shell storage tank 11. The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 penetrates the upper part 51A of the inner tank 51 and extends to the lower part 51B of the inner tank 51 in which the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 is stored. The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 is routed from the upper part 51 </ b> A of the inner tank 51 to the lower part 52 </ b> A of the outer tank 52 and penetrates the lower part 52 </ b> A of the outer tank 52 in the vacuum heat insulating space 53.

The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 includes a liquefied hydrogen extraction port 56, a liquefied hydrogen supply port 58, and a gas phase cooling unit 59.
The liquefied hydrogen extraction port 56 is provided at an end portion (one end portion of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31) disposed in the inner tank 51 in the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31. The liquefied hydrogen extraction port 56 is immersed in the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 in a state where the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 located in the lower portion 51B of the inner tank 51 can be extracted.

  The liquefied hydrogen supply port 58 is disposed outside the vacuum heat insulating double shell storage tank 11. The liquefied hydrogen supply port 58 is connected to the liquefied hydrogen demand customer via the liquefied hydrogen feed line 33 and is also connected to the hydrogen gas demand customer via the hydrogen gas supply line 34.

  The gas phase cooling part 59 is arranged in the upper part 51 </ b> A in the inner tank 51. The gas phase cooling section 59 is a pipe in which a part of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 is formed in a spiral shape. Further, a part of the spiral pipe (a part of the gas phase cooling unit 59) may be tightly fixed to the inner wall 51a of the upper part 51A of the inner tank 51 by welding or the like.

  The gas phase cooling unit 59 having the above-described configuration is arranged in the inner tank 51 by direct heat exchange or indirect heat transfer from the inner wall 51a by the cold heat of the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 extracted through the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31. Among these gas phases 39, the gas phase located in the upper part 51A in the inner tank 51 is cooled.

  Thus, according to the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility of the first embodiment, the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 for extracting the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 stored in the inner tank 51 to the outside of the vacuum heat insulating double-shell storage tank 11 is provided. By having a gas phase cooling part 59 that cools the gas phase 39 located in the upper part 51A in the inner tank 51 by the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 extracted through the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31, the inside of the tank lorry 41 Before the liquefied hydrogen 38-2 is filled in the tank 51, the gas phase located at the upper part 51A in the inner tank 51 (the gas phase having a higher temperature than the gas phase in contact with the liquefied hydrogen) may be sufficiently cooled. It becomes possible.

  Further, even when the position of the liquid level 38a-1 of the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 in the inner tank 51 is low (when the remaining amount of liquefied hydrogen is small), the gas phase 39 located in the upper part 51A in the inner tank 51. Can be sufficiently cooled.

  Therefore, without depending on the position of the liquid level 38a-1 of the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 in the inner tank 51, the amount of hydrogen gas released to the atmosphere to keep the pressure in the inner tank 51 constant can be reduced. The tank 51 can be efficiently filled with liquefied hydrogen 38-2.

  The liquefied hydrogen supply line 33 has one end connected to the liquefied hydrogen supply port 58 and the other end connected to a liquefied hydrogen demand destination. The liquefied hydrogen 38-1 extracted from the inner tank 51 by the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 is supplied to the liquefied hydrogen demand destination via the liquefied hydrogen supply line 33.

One end of the hydrogen gas supply line 34 is connected to the liquefied hydrogen supply port 58 and the other end is connected to a hydrogen gas demand destination.
The gas feed evaporator 35 is provided in the hydrogen gas supply line 34. The gas feed evaporator 35 generates hydrogen gas by evaporating the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 extracted from the inner tank 51. The hydrogen gas is supplied to a hydrogen gas filling destination via a hydrogen gas supply line 34.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility according to a first modification of the first embodiment of the present invention. 2, the same components as those in the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 shown in FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 2, the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 60 according to the first modification of the first embodiment includes a liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 provided in the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 of the first embodiment. Instead, the configuration is the same as that of the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment 10 except that the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 61 is provided.

  The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 61 is the same as the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 except that a gas phase cooling section 67 is provided instead of the gas phase cooling section 59 provided in the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 shown in FIG. It is made into the composition. The gas phase cooling unit 67 is a pipe 66 provided with fins 74 on the outer periphery of a part of the pipe for extracting the liquefied hydrogen 61.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe shown in FIG.
Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the gas phase cooling unit 67 is disposed in the upper part 51 </ b> A in the inner tank 51 and has a plurality of fins 74 provided on the outer periphery of a part of the pipe 66 of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 61. Have

  According to the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility according to the first modification of the first embodiment, the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment is arranged on the upper part 51A in the inner tank 51 and provided on the outer periphery of a part of the pipe 66 of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 61. By having the gas phase cooling unit 67 including the plurality of fins 74, the gas phase 39 located in the upper portion 51 </ b> A in the inner tank 51 can be cooled via the plurality of fins 74.

Thereby, when cooling the gas phase 39 located in the upper part 51A in the inner tank 51 using the gas phase cooling part 59 comprised only by the piping made into the spiral shape shown in FIG. 1 (1st Embodiment). The gas phase 39 located in the upper part 51A in the inner tank 51 can be efficiently cooled as compared with the case of the above structure).
That is, the liquefied hydrogen 38-2 can be filled in the inner tank 51 more efficiently than the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 of the first embodiment.

In FIG. 2, as an example of the gas phase cooling unit 67, a case where eight fins 74 are provided radially on the outer periphery of a part of the piping 66 of the piping 61 for extracting liquefied hydrogen bent in the vertical direction is illustrated. However, as a matter of course, it may be provided on the outer peripheral portion of a part of the piping 66 of the piping 61 for extracting liquefied hydrogen that is bent or spiraled in the horizontal direction.
Further, the number of fins 74 and the shape of the fins 74 are not limited to those shown in FIG. Needless to say, an erotic fin tube is also included.
As a material of the gas phase cooling unit 67, it is preferable to use a material having excellent thermal conductivity. Specifically, for example, aluminum can be used as the material of the gas phase cooling unit 67.

The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 60 according to the first modified example of the first embodiment including the gas phase cooling unit 67 having such a shape is the same as the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 of the first embodiment. An effect can be obtained.
Specifically, without depending on the position of the liquid level 38a-1 of the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 in the inner tank 51, the amount of hydrogen gas released to the atmosphere to keep the pressure in the inner tank 51 constant can be reduced. The liquefied hydrogen 38-2 can be efficiently filled in the inner tank 51.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility according to a second modification of the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the same components as those of the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 shown in FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 4, the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 70 according to the second modification of the first embodiment includes a liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 provided in the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 of the first embodiment. Instead, the configuration is the same as that of the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 except that the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 71 is provided.

  The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 71 is the same as the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 except that a gas phase cooling section 72 is provided instead of the gas phase cooling section 59 provided in the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 shown in FIG. It is made into the composition. The gas phase cooling unit 72 includes both a pipe 73 in which a part of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 71 is formed in a spiral shape and a pipe 75 in which a fin 74 is provided on the outer periphery of a part of the pipe in the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 71. The pipe is connected and configured.

  A pipe 73 in which a part of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 71 is formed in a spiral shape has the same configuration as that of the gas phase cooling unit 59 described in the first embodiment. Further, a part of the spiral pipe 73 may be tightly fixed to the inner wall 51a of the upper part 51A of the inner tank 51 by welding or the like.

The pipe 75 provided with the fins 74 on the outer periphery of a part of the pipe for extracting the liquefied hydrogen 71 may have the same configuration as the gas phase cooling unit 67 described in the first modification of the first embodiment. .
Further, as a material of the pipe 75 in which the fin 74 is provided on the outer periphery of a part of the pipe for extracting the liquefied hydrogen 71, it is preferable to use a material having excellent thermal conductivity. Specifically, for example, aluminum can be used as the material of the pipe 75 in which the fin 74 is provided on the outer periphery of a part of the pipe for extracting the liquefied hydrogen 71.

  Thereby, only the gas phase cooling part 59 made of a pipe having a part of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 shown in FIG. 1 having a spiral shape, or the outer periphery of a part of the pipe 66 of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 61 shown in FIG. In the case of cooling the gas phase 39 located in the upper part 51A in the inner tank 51 using only the gas phase cooling part 67 provided with the fins 74 in the first embodiment or the first modification of the first embodiment. The gas phase 39 located in the upper part 51A in the inner tank 51 can be efficiently cooled as compared with the case of the above structure).

That is, the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 of the first embodiment or the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 60 according to the first modification of the first embodiment is more efficient than the liquefied hydrogen 38-2 in the inner tank 51. Can be filled.
The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment 70 according to the second modified example of the first embodiment including the gas phase cooling unit 72 having such a shape is the same as the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment 10 of the first embodiment. An effect can be obtained.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the same components as those of the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 shown in FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 5, the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 80 of the second embodiment is configured to extract liquefied hydrogen instead of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 provided in the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 of the first embodiment. The configuration is the same as that of the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 10 except that the pipe 81 for operation is provided.

  The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 81 is the same as the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 except that a gas phase cooling section 83 is provided instead of the gas phase cooling section 59 provided in the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 31 shown in FIG. It is made into the composition.

The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 81 is provided with a gas phase cooling part 83 in the vacuum heat insulating space 53 after passing through the upper part 51 </ b> A of the inner tank 51.
The gas phase cooling unit 83 is disposed so as to be in contact with the outer wall 51 b of the upper part 51 </ b> A of the inner tank 51. One end 83A of the gas phase cooling unit 83 is connected to the liquefied hydrogen extraction port 56, and the other end 83B of the gas phase cooling unit 83 is connected to the liquefied hydrogen supply port 58.

  The gas phase cooling unit 83 is a pipe in which a part of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 81 is formed in a spiral shape. A part of the spiral pipe (a part of the gas phase cooling unit 83) may be tightly fixed to the outer wall 51b by welding or the like.

  Thereby, the gas phase cooling unit 83 configured as described above transfers heat through the outer wall 51b of the upper portion 51A of the inner tank 51 by the cold heat of the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 extracted through the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 81. Thus, the gas phase 39 located in the upper part 51A in the inner tank 51 is cooled.

  Thus, the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 81 for extracting the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 stored in the inner tank 51 to the outside of the vacuum insulated double shell storage tank 11 is extracted through the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 81. Preliminary stage of filling the liquefied hydrogen 38-2 from the tank lorry 41 into the inner tank 51 by having the gas phase cooling part 83 for cooling the gas phase 39 located at the upper part 51A in the inner tank 51 by the hydrogen 38-1. In the gas phase cooling section 83, the gas phase 39 (liquefied hydrogen) located in the upper part 51 </ b> A in the inner tank 51 is passed through the outer wall 51 b of the upper part 51 </ b> A of the inner tank 51 by the cold heat of the liquefied hydrogen 38-1. It is possible to sufficiently cool the gas phase having a temperature higher than that of the gas phase in contact therewith.

  Moreover, even when the position of the liquid level 38a-1 of the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 in the inner tank 51 is low (when the remaining amount of liquefied hydrogen is small), the gas phase located in the upper part 51A in the inner tank 51 is changed. Sufficient cooling is possible.

  Therefore, without depending on the position of the liquid level 38a-1 of the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 in the inner tank 51, the amount of hydrogen gas released to the atmosphere to keep the pressure in the inner tank 51 constant can be reduced. The tank 51 can be efficiently filled with liquefied hydrogen 38-2.

Note that the gas phase cooling unit 83 shown in FIG. 5 may be combined with the gas phase cooling units 59, 67, and 72 shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, respectively.
In this case, since the gas phase 39 located in the upper part 51A of the inner tank 51 can be further cooled from the inside and outside of the inner tank 51, the inner tank 51 is more efficiently filled with liquefied hydrogen 38-2. can do.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the same components as those in the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 80 shown in FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 6, the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 90 of the third embodiment is configured to extract liquefied hydrogen instead of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 81 provided in the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 80 of the second embodiment. The configuration is the same as that of the piping 81 for extracting liquefied hydrogen except that the piping 91 is provided.

  The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 91 is a portion of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 81 shown in FIG. 5 that is located between the liquefied hydrogen extraction port 56 and one end 83 </ b> A of the gas phase cooling unit 83. In this embodiment, the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 81 has the same configuration as the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 81 except that the liquefied hydrogen extraction port 56 is passed through the lower portion 51B of the inner tank 51.

That is, the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 91 is configured to extract the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 stored in the lower part 51 </ b> B of the inner tank 51 through a part of the pipe disposed in the vacuum heat insulating space 53.
Furthermore, both ends 83 </ b> A and 83 </ b> B of the gas phase cooling unit 83 constituting the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 91 are arranged so as to be in contact with the outer wall 51 b of the upper part 51 </ b> A of the inner tank 51.
The gas phase cooling unit 83 is a pipe in which a part of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 91 is formed in a spiral shape. A part of the spiral pipe (a part of the gas phase cooling unit 83) may be tightly fixed to the outer wall 51b of the upper part 51A of the inner tank 51 by welding or the like.

  The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 90 of the third embodiment can obtain the same effects as the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 80 of the second embodiment. Specifically, without depending on the position of the liquid level 38a-1 of the liquefied hydrogen 38-1 in the inner tank 51, the amount of hydrogen gas released to the atmosphere to keep the pressure in the inner tank 51 constant can be reduced. The liquefied hydrogen 38-2 can be efficiently filled in the inner tank 51.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, the same components as those in the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 90 shown in FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 7, the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 100 of the fourth embodiment is configured to extract liquefied hydrogen instead of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 91 provided in the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility 90 of the third embodiment. The liquid hydrogen storage and supply equipment 90 is configured in the same manner except that the pipe 101 is provided.

  The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 101 is composed of only the pipe arranged for the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 91 shown in FIG. 6 in the vacuum heat insulating space 53, whereas in the vacuum heat insulating space 53 from the lower part 51 </ b> B of the inner tank 51. After being routed to the upper part 51A, the side wall of the upper part 51A of the inner tank 51 is penetrated and introduced into the inner tank.

That is, the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 101 is extracted from the lower part 51B of the inner tank 51 to the vacuum heat insulating space 53, and then is drawn around the vacuum heat insulating space to the upper part 51A of the inner tank and penetrates the side wall of the upper part 51A of the inner tank 51. After being introduced into the inner tank 51 and passing through the gas phase cooling part 59, it is stored in the lower part 51 </ b> B of the inner tank 51 by a pipe penetrating the upper part 51 </ b> A of the inner tank 51 again and arranged in the vacuum heat insulating space 53. The liquefied hydrogen 38-1 is extracted.
Furthermore, one end 59A of the gas phase cooling part 59 constituting the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 101 passes through the upper part 51A of the inner tank 51, and the other end 59B is at a position different from the one end 59A. The upper part 51 </ b> A of the inner tank 51 is penetrated.

  The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment 100 of the fourth embodiment provided with the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 101 configured as described above can obtain the same effects as the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment 90 of the third embodiment. it can.

The gas phase cooling unit 59 shown in FIG. 7 can be modified as the gas phase cooling units 67 and 72 shown in FIGS. Furthermore, the gas phase cooling units 59, 67, and 72 according to the fourth embodiment and the modifications thereof may be combined with the gas phase cooling unit 83 shown in FIG.
In this case, the gas phase 39 located in the upper portion 51A of the inner tank 51 can be cooled from the inside and the outside of the inner tank 51, so that the liquid hydrogen 38-2 is filled into the inner tank 51 more efficiently. be able to.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the claims. Deformation / change is possible.

  The present invention does not depend on the position of the liquid level of liquefied hydrogen in the inner tank, reduces the amount of hydrogen gas released to the atmosphere to maintain the pressure in the inner tank constant, and efficiently liquefies the inner tank. The present invention can be applied to a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility that can be filled with hydrogen.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10,60,70,80,90,100 ... Liquid hydrogen storage supply equipment, 11 ... Vacuum heat insulation double shell storage tank, 13 ... Pipe for liquid hydrogen bottom filling and pressure extraction, 14 ... Pressure valve, 15 ... Pressure evaporation 17 ... pressure adjusting pipe, 18 ... pressure relief line, 19 ... pressure relief valve, 22 ... first connection part, 23 ... branch line, 24 ... lower filling valve, 26 ... liquefied hydrogen upper filling pipe, 27 ... Upper filling valve, 31, 61, 71, 81, 91, 101 ... Pipe for extracting liquefied hydrogen, 33 ... Liquefied hydrogen supply line, 34 ... Hydrogen gas supply line, 35 ... Feed gas evaporator, 38-1, 38- 2 ... Liquefied hydrogen, 38a-1 ... Liquid level, 39 ... Gas phase, 41 ... Tank truck, 42 ... Second connection part, 43 ... Flexible hose, 51 ... Inner tank, 51a ... Inner wall, 51b ... Outer wall, 51A ... Upper part, 51B ... Bottom, 52 ... Tank, 52A ... Lower part, 53 ... Vacuum insulation space, 56 ... Liquefied hydrogen extraction port, 58 ... Liquefied hydrogen supply port, 59, 67, 72, 83, 91 ... Gas phase cooling section, 59A, 83A ... One end, 59B 83B ... the other end, 73 ... pipes in a spiral shape, 74 ... fins, 66,75 ... pipes

Claims (8)

An internal tank for storing liquefied hydrogen; an outer tank for storing the inner tank; and a vacuum insulated double-shell storage tank comprising a vacuum insulated space provided between the inner tank and the outer tank. Alternatively, it is a liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility that supplies hydrogen gas to customers,
A liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe for extracting the liquefied hydrogen stored in the inner tank to the outside of the vacuum-insulated double-shell storage tank;
The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe is a gas phase that cools a gas phase located in the upper part of the inner tank among the gas phases in the inner tank by the liquefied hydrogen extracted through the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe. A liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility comprising a cooling unit.   The liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe extends through the upper part of the inner tank and extends to the lower part of the inner tank, and has a liquefied hydrogen extraction port for extracting the liquefied hydrogen located at the lower part of the inner tank. The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment according to claim 1.   The piping for extracting liquefied hydrogen is routed through the vacuum heat insulating space from the lower part of the inner tank to the upper part of the inner tank, and passes through the lower part of the inner tank and is arranged at the lower part of the inner tank. 2. The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply facility according to claim 1, further comprising a liquefied hydrogen outlet for extracting the liquefied hydrogen.   The piping for extracting the liquefied hydrogen passes through the upper part of the inner tank from the vacuum heat insulating space, is introduced into the inner tank, and again passes through the upper part of the inner tank. Liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment.   The gas phase cooling section is arranged in an upper part in the inner tank and is a pipe in which a part of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe is formed in a spiral shape, or an outer periphery of a part of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe 5. The pipe according to claim 1, wherein the pipe is provided with fins, or is a pipe having both of the spiral pipe and the pipe provided with the fins. Liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment as described.   6. The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment according to claim 5, wherein a part of the spiral pipe is in close contact with an inner wall of the inner tank.   7. The gas phase cooling part according to claim 1, wherein the gas phase cooling part is a pipe arranged in contact with the outer wall of the upper part of the inner tank and having a part of the liquefied hydrogen extraction pipe spiraled. Among them, the liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment according to any one of the above. The liquefied hydrogen storage and supply equipment according to claim 7, wherein a part of the spiral pipe is in close contact with an outer wall of the inner tank.

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