CN112448460A - Small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system - Google Patents

Small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112448460A
CN112448460A CN201910743196.6A CN201910743196A CN112448460A CN 112448460 A CN112448460 A CN 112448460A CN 201910743196 A CN201910743196 A CN 201910743196A CN 112448460 A CN112448460 A CN 112448460A
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China
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
pipe
pressure
hydrogen storage
power supply
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CN201910743196.6A
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CN112448460B (en
Inventor
陈甲楠
赵亚丽
何春辉
苏红艳
唐健
魏蔚
倪中华
严岩
崔鸿
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Zhangjiagang Hydrogen Cloud New Energy Research Institute Co Ltd
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Zhangjiagang Hydrogen Cloud New Energy Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/12—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention discloses a small and light cryogenic high-voltage hydrogen storage power supply system, which comprises: a hydrogen fuel cell, further comprising: a high-pressure hydrogen storage device of cryrogenic for storing supercritical hydrogen, a heater, relief pressure valve, battery, the hydrogen supply pipe of cryrogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the import of heater, the export of heater passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the import of relief pressure valve, the export of relief pressure valve passes through the pipeline and links to each other with hydrogen fuel cell's hydrogenation mouth, hydrogen fuel cell passes through the circuit and links to each other with the battery for hydrogen fuel cell can charge for the battery, the battery passes through the circuit and links to each other with the heater, make the battery. The small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system has the advantages of long cruising ability, light weight, low cost, safety, reliability and long hydrogen storage maintaining time.

Description

Small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy power supply, in particular to a small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system based on cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage.
Background
At present, domestic small machines such as small unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned ships and the like are developed towards the direction of supplying power by hydrogen energy sources, so that a hydrogen storage power supply system is usually arranged on the small machines, and the hydrogen storage power supply system consists of a hydrogen fuel cell capable of providing power for the machines and a hydrogen storage device capable of storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen for the hydrogen fuel cell. The existing hydrogen storage device generally comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage device, a liquid hydrogen storage device and a medium-sized cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device.
The high pressure hydrogen storage device has relatively insufficient cruising ability due to the limit of hydrogen storage density, and has high quality requirement on the hydrogen storage container under the high pressure of 70 MP.
Although the liquid hydrogen storage device has great improvement on the hydrogen storage density, after the liquid hydrogen storage device is miniaturized, as the surface-body ratio of the hydrogen storage container is increased, the heat is more easily conducted into the hydrogen storage container, so that the evaporation speed of the liquid hydrogen is accelerated, the generated flash steam is increased, if equipment is added for supplying power by using the flash steam, the whole weight of the liquid hydrogen storage device is increased, and the light weight of a small machine is not utilized; if the flash steam generated by the evaporation is discharged to the air, larger risks and potential safety hazards are easily caused due to the uncertainty of the external environment. In addition, because liquid hydrogen belongs to liquid and is greatly restrained by gravity, the liquid hydrogen is possibly far away from an outlet of a hydrogen storage container under the action of gravity in the moving use process of a small machine, so that the liquid hydrogen cannot flow out, and the cost and the weight of the equipment can be increased by increasing a pressurizing device for ensuring the liquid hydrogen to flow out.
A medium-sized cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device is characterized in that an air inlet heat exchanger is required to be added into an inner container of a cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle for storing hydrogen in the device, a plurality of layers of heat insulating material insulation (MLI insulation) are required on an outer cylinder body, a cooling liquid heat exchanger, a secondary vacuum module, a stop valve, a safety valve, a suspension system, an auxiliary system and the like are required to be integrated outside the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle, so that the device is quite complex in structure and relatively heavy in overall mass, and cannot be directly reduced and transplanted to a small machine due to the characteristics of heavy weight, complexity and the.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the small and light cryogenic high-voltage hydrogen storage power supply system has long cruising ability, light weight, low cost, safety, reliability and long hydrogen storage maintaining time.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system comprises: a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized by: further comprising: a high-pressure hydrogen storage device of cryrogenic for storing supercritical hydrogen, a heater, relief pressure valve, battery, the hydrogen supply pipe of cryrogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the import of heater, the export of heater passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the import of relief pressure valve, the export of relief pressure valve passes through the pipeline and links to each other with hydrogen fuel cell's hydrogenation mouth, hydrogen fuel cell passes through the circuit and links to each other with the battery for hydrogen fuel cell can charge for the battery, the battery passes through the circuit and links to each other with the heater, make the battery.
Further, the aforementioned small and light cryogenic high-voltage hydrogen storage power supply system, wherein: the structure of the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device comprises: the inner container is positioned in the outer cylinder body, the inner container is wrapped by carbon fiber in a full winding way, and the outer side of the carbon fiber layer is also wrapped by a reflection heat insulation layer, a hydrogen pipe is arranged in the interlayer between the inner container and the outer cylinder body, one end of the hydrogen pipe is communicated with the inner container from the head part of the inner container, then the hydrogen pipe is arranged around the inner container from the head part of the inner container to the tail part of the inner container and then to the head part of the inner container for a circle, then the other end of the hydrogen pipe passes through the head of the outer cylinder body and is communicated with one end of the hydrogen supply pipe outside the head of the outer cylinder body, the hydrogen supply pipe is provided with a first stop valve, the other end of the hydrogen supply pipe is used for being communicated with the heater, a filling pipe for filling hydrogen is communicated with the hydrogen supply pipe between the first stop valve and the outer cylinder body, a second stop valve is arranged on the filling pipe, and aerogel is filled in an interlayer between the inner container and the outer cylinder body and is vacuumized.
Further, the aforementioned small and light cryogenic high-voltage hydrogen storage power supply system, wherein: still be provided with the shell body that a parcel lived outer barrel in the outside of outer barrel, the outer shell body is outwards passed to the hydrogen supply pipe, be provided with the intermediate layer pipe of a winding in the outer barrel outside in the intermediate layer between outer shell and outer barrel, the one end of intermediate layer pipe is linked together with the hydrogen supply pipe between shell body and the outer barrel, be provided with an output tube in the outside of outer shell, the other end of intermediate layer pipe is linked together with output tube one end after passing the shell body, be provided with a third stop valve on the intermediate layer pipe, be provided with a fourth stop valve on the output tube, the other end of output tube is linked together with the hydrogen supply pipe that is located the first stop valve outside.
Further, the aforementioned small and light cryogenic high-voltage hydrogen storage power supply system, wherein: helium is introduced into an interlayer between the outer cylinder and the outer shell.
Further, the aforementioned small and light cryogenic high-voltage hydrogen storage power supply system, wherein: a pressure detector and a first temperature sensor for detecting the hydrogen pressure and the hydrogen temperature in the inner cylinder are arranged on the hydrogen supply pipe between the first stop valve and the outer cylinder.
Further, the aforementioned small and light cryogenic high-voltage hydrogen storage power supply system, wherein: a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the supplied hydrogen is provided on the hydrogen supply pipe outside the first stop valve.
Further, the aforementioned small and light cryogenic high-voltage hydrogen storage power supply system, wherein: the first and third stop valves are automatic valves capable of automatically regulating the flow of the switch.
Further, the aforementioned small and light cryogenic high-voltage hydrogen storage power supply system, wherein: the system is arranged as follows: the deep cooling high-pressure hydrogen storage device is positioned in the middle, and the heater, the pressure reducing valve, the storage battery and the hydrogen fuel cell are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the deep cooling high-pressure hydrogen storage device.
Further, the aforementioned small and light cryogenic high-voltage hydrogen storage power supply system, wherein: the inner container, the outer cylinder body, the hydrogen introducing pipe, the hydrogen supply pipe, the interlayer pipe, the output pipe and the filling pipe are all made of the same material and are all made of austenitic stainless steel.
The invention has the advantages that: the small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system has less equipment and simple structure, thereby greatly reducing the weight and the cost of the system; in addition, because the deep cooling high-pressure hydrogen storage device is adopted for storing hydrogen, the hydrogen storage density is greatly improved, and no liquid hydrogen is evaporated and discharged, so that the cruising ability of the system is greatly improved, and the hydrogen energy can be efficiently and safely used; after the high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump pumps and pressurizes liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage tank and injects the liquid hydrogen into the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device, the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device can keep the hydrogen in a high-pressure state, so that the subsequent hydrogen supply process is kept under the pressure condition of 40-45 MPa, and additional pressurizing equipment is not needed in the system; the hydrogen in the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device is in a supercritical state, and the supercritical hydrogen has the characteristics of uniform distribution, moderate pressure intensity, large hydrogen storage density and the like, so that the supercritical hydrogen in the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device can be stably supplied in the operation process of a small machine; the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage has higher heat resistance, the non-emission storage time can be increased from 3-5 days to 10-15 days, the maintenance time of the hydrogen storage is greatly prolonged, and the machine can be standby for a longer time; in addition, the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device can also enable hydrogen to flow through an interlayer between the outer shell and the outer cylinder to preheat the hydrogen, and the hydrogen can be preheated, so that the surface temperature of the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device can be reduced, the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device is suitable for being used in an extremely hot environment, and the electric quantity of a heater can be saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of a small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system comprises: the hydrogen fuel cell 1 further includes: a cryrogenic high pressure hydrogen storage device 10 for storing supercritical hydrogen, heater 3, relief pressure valve 4, battery 5, cryrogenic high pressure hydrogen storage device 10's hydrogen supply pipe 9 passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the import of heater 3, the export of heater 3 passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the import of relief pressure valve 4, the export of relief pressure valve 4 passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the hydrogenation mouth of hydrogen fuel cell 1, hydrogen fuel cell 1 passes through the circuit and links to each other with battery 5, make hydrogen fuel cell 1 can charge for battery 5, battery 5 passes through the circuit and links to each other with heater 3, make battery 5 can supply power for heater 3.
In the present embodiment, the structure of the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage apparatus 10 includes: the inner container 21 is positioned in the outer cylinder 22, the inner container 21 is wrapped by carbon fibers in a full winding way, the outer side of the carbon fiber layer is further wrapped by a reflection heat insulation layer, a hydrogen through pipe 23 is arranged in an interlayer between the inner container 21 and the outer cylinder 22, one end of the hydrogen through pipe 23 is communicated with the inner container 21 from the head of the inner container 21, then the hydrogen through pipe 23 is arranged around the inner container 21 from the head of the inner container 21 to the tail of the inner container 21 and then to the head of the inner container 21 in a circle, then the other end of the hydrogen through pipe 23 penetrates through the head of the outer cylinder 22 to be communicated with one end of a hydrogen supply pipe 9 outside the head of the outer cylinder 22, the length of the hydrogen through pipe 23 can be prolonged after the arrangement, so that the temperature gradient is improved, the influence of the external temperature on the inner container 21 can be reduced to the lowest, the inner container 21 can be buffered and supported after the arrangement, the other end of the hydrogen supply pipe 9 is used for being communicated with the heater 3, the hydrogen supply pipe 9 between the first stop valve 91 and the outer cylinder 22 is communicated with a filling pipe 72 for filling hydrogen, the filling pipe 72 is provided with a second stop valve 92, an interlayer between the inner container 21 and the outer cylinder 22 is filled with aerogel 24 and vacuumized, and the aerogel 24 has the characteristics of extremely low density, good heat insulation effect, low temperature resistance, high strength and the like, and is very suitable for filling small and light cryogenic high-pressure containers. The outer side of the outer cylinder 22 is also provided with an outer shell 2 wrapping the outer cylinder 22, the hydrogen supply pipe 9 penetrates the outer shell 2 outwards, an interlayer pipe 7 spirally wound on the outer side of the outer cylinder 22 is arranged in an interlayer between the outer shell 2 and the outer cylinder 22, one end of the interlayer pipe 7 is communicated with the hydrogen supply pipe 9 between the outer shell 2 and the outer cylinder 22, an output pipe 71 is arranged on the outer side of the outer shell 2, the other end of the interlayer pipe 7 penetrates the outer shell 2 and then is communicated with one end of the output pipe 71, the interlayer pipe 7 is provided with a third stop valve 93, the output pipe 71 is provided with a fourth stop valve 94, and the other end of the output pipe 71 is communicated with the hydrogen supply pipe 9 positioned on the outer side of the first stop valve 91. Helium is also introduced into the interlayer between the outer cylinder 22 and the outer shell 2, has good thermal conductivity and is inert gas, so that the safety is higher. The second, third and fourth stop valves 92, 93 and 94 are disposed close to the hydrogen supply pipe 9, so that a large amount of hydrogen is prevented from remaining in the branch.
The cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device 10 has two hydrogen supply modes; the hydrogen supply mode under normal conditions is as follows: the second, third, and fourth cutoff valves 92, 93, and 94 are closed, and the first cutoff valve 91 is opened, so that the discharged hydrogen directly enters the heater 3 through the hydrogen supply pipe 9; the hydrogen supply mode under extreme conditions such as extreme heat or insufficient electric storage capacity of the storage battery is as follows: the first and second stop valves 91 and 92 are closed, and the third and fourth stop valves 93 and 94 are opened, so that the discharged hydrogen enters the jacketed pipe 7, so that the hydrogen absorbs heat in the jacket between the outer cylinder 22 and the outer shell 2 to lower the temperature of the outer surface of the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device 10, and after absorbing heat, the hydrogen is preheated, thus saving the electric power of the heater 3, and the hydrogen comes out of the jacketed pipe 7 and enters the output pipe 71, and then is supplied to the outside from the outer end of the hydrogen supply pipe 9.
In this embodiment, the inner container 21, the outer cylinder 22, the hydrogen supply pipe 23, the hydrogen supply pipe 9, the interlayer pipe 7, the output pipe 71, and the filling pipe 72 are all made of the same material and are all made of austenitic stainless steel, in practical application, the outer shell 2 may also be made of austenitic stainless steel, which has strong low temperature resistance and hydrogen embrittlement resistance, and high strength, and the same material can make the structural equipment more stable to use, transfer heat, more uniform in expansion and contraction, less prone to crack, reduce welding difficulty, and improve service life.
As shown in fig. 2, the system is arranged as follows: the deep cooling high pressure hydrogen storage device 10 is positioned in the middle, and the heater 3, the pressure reducing valve 4, the storage battery 5 and the hydrogen fuel cell 1 are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the deep cooling high pressure hydrogen storage device 10. The arrangement enables the center of gravity of the system to be moderate, so that the small machine can run safely and stably.
In the present embodiment, a pressure detector 8 and a first temperature sensor 81 for detecting the hydrogen pressure and the hydrogen temperature in the inner cylinder 21 are provided on the hydrogen supply pipe 9 between the first cut valve 91 and the outer cylinder 22. A second temperature sensor 82 for detecting the temperature of the supplied hydrogen is provided in the hydrogen supply pipe 9 outside the first shutoff valve 91. The first and third stop valves 91 and 93 are automatic valves capable of automatically adjusting the flow rate. In actual use, the pressure detector 8, the first temperature sensor 81, the second temperature sensor 82, the first stop valve 91 and the third stop valve 93 are all in communication connection with a central controller capable of controlling the hydrogen storage and power supply system; the pressure detector 8 can produce a data signal and send to the central controller after detecting the pressure of hydrogen in the cryrogenic high pressure hydrogen storage device 10, and when hydrogen pressure was too high, the central controller can make cryrogenic high pressure hydrogen storage device 10 give off hydrogen and reduce pressure, and the hydrogen of giving off can let in hydrogen fuel cell 1 and turn into the electric energy after heating through heater 3 and relief pressure valve 4 decompression, and then the electric energy of production can be stored in battery 5 with the future use. After the first temperature sensor 81 and the second temperature sensor 82 detect the temperature of the hydrogen, a data signal is generated and sent to the central controller, and the central controller adjusts the heating power of the heater 3 according to the temperature of the hydrogen detected by the second temperature sensor 82, so that the temperature of the hydrogen led to the hydrogen fuel cell is kept stable.
When the device works, a high-pressure low-temperature pump is used for extracting liquid hydrogen from a liquid hydrogen container, then the liquid hydrogen is filled into the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device 10 through the filling pipe 72, due to the special thermophysical property of the hydrogen, the liquid hydrogen can form supercritical hydrogen under the simultaneous action of ultralow temperature (-below 230 ℃) and high pressure (above 20 MPa) of the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device 10, the supercritical hydrogen is higher than the low-temperature liquid hydrogen in hydrogen storage density, the maintenance time of the hydrogen storage container can be prolonged, the maintenance time reaches several times of that of the traditional liquid hydrogen storage technology, and due to the high-pressure property, pressurization is not needed after gasification; after the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device 10 releases supercritical hydrogen, the supercritical hydrogen can be immediately converted into gas hydrogen, the gas hydrogen can enter the heater 3 to be heated to 0-40 ℃, then the gas hydrogen can be decompressed to about 0.1-0.3 MPa through the decompression valve 4, then the gas hydrogen can enter the hydrogen fuel cell 1 to generate electric energy, the generated electric energy can be directly used for the electric equipment 6, redundant electric energy can also be stored in the storage battery 5, the storage battery 5 can provide electric energy for the heater 3, and the electric energy can also be used as a standby power supply for the electric equipment 6 in emergency.

Claims (10)

1. A small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system comprises: a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized by: further comprising: a high-pressure hydrogen storage device of cryrogenic for storing supercritical hydrogen, a heater, relief pressure valve, battery, the hydrogen supply pipe of cryrogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the import of heater, the export of heater passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the import of relief pressure valve, the export of relief pressure valve passes through the pipeline and links to each other with hydrogen fuel cell's hydrogenation mouth, hydrogen fuel cell passes through the circuit and links to each other with the battery for hydrogen fuel cell can charge for the battery, the battery passes through the circuit and links to each other with the heater, make the battery.
2. The small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage device comprises: the inner container is positioned in the outer cylinder body, the inner container is wrapped by carbon fiber in a full winding way, and the outer side of the carbon fiber layer is also wrapped by a reflection heat insulation layer, a hydrogen pipe is arranged in the interlayer between the inner container and the outer cylinder body, one end of the hydrogen pipe is communicated with the inner container from the head part of the inner container, then the hydrogen pipe is arranged around the inner container from the head part of the inner container to the tail part of the inner container and then to the head part of the inner container for a circle, then the other end of the hydrogen pipe passes through the head of the outer cylinder body and is communicated with one end of the hydrogen supply pipe outside the head of the outer cylinder body, the hydrogen supply pipe is provided with a first stop valve, the other end of the hydrogen supply pipe is used for being communicated with the heater, a filling pipe for filling hydrogen is communicated with the hydrogen supply pipe between the first stop valve and the outer cylinder body, a second stop valve is arranged on the filling pipe, and aerogel is filled in an interlayer between the inner container and the outer cylinder body and is vacuumized.
3. The small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: still be provided with the shell body that a parcel lived outer barrel in the outside of outer barrel, the outer shell body is outwards passed to the hydrogen supply pipe, be provided with the intermediate layer pipe of a winding in the outer barrel outside in the intermediate layer between outer shell and outer barrel, the one end of intermediate layer pipe is linked together with the hydrogen supply pipe between shell body and the outer barrel, be provided with an output tube in the outside of outer shell, the other end of intermediate layer pipe is linked together with output tube one end after passing the shell body, be provided with a third stop valve on the intermediate layer pipe, be provided with a fourth stop valve on the output tube, the other end of output tube is linked together with the hydrogen supply pipe that is located the first stop valve outside.
4. The small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: helium is introduced into an interlayer between the outer cylinder and the outer shell.
5. The small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: a pressure detector and a first temperature sensor for detecting the hydrogen pressure and the hydrogen temperature in the inner cylinder are arranged on the hydrogen supply pipe between the first stop valve and the outer cylinder.
6. The small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the supplied hydrogen is provided on the hydrogen supply pipe outside the first stop valve.
7. The small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the first and third stop valves are automatic valves capable of automatically regulating the flow of the switch.
8. The small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: the system is arranged as follows: the deep cooling high-pressure hydrogen storage device is positioned in the middle, and the heater, the pressure reducing valve, the storage battery and the hydrogen fuel cell are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the deep cooling high-pressure hydrogen storage device.
9. The small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the inner container, the outer cylinder body, the hydrogen introducing pipe, the hydrogen supply pipe, the interlayer pipe, the output pipe and the filling pipe are made of the same material.
10. The small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system according to claim 9, characterized in that: the inner container, the outer cylinder, the hydrogen introducing pipe, the hydrogen supply pipe, the interlayer pipe, the output pipe and the filling pipe are all made of austenitic stainless steel.
CN201910743196.6A 2019-08-13 2019-08-13 Small and light cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage power supply system Active CN112448460B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114370598A (en) * 2022-01-17 2022-04-19 陈五亮 Liquid hydrogen/hydrogen gas storage and transportation device and use method thereof
CN114655324A (en) * 2022-03-08 2022-06-24 北京海神动力科技有限公司 Heavy truck

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