JP2012242100A - 放射性金属の吸着剤および吸着法 - Google Patents
放射性金属の吸着剤および吸着法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】オゾン・活性炭法高度浄水処理場で少なくとも2カ月間液相オゾン酸化された活性炭を150〜450℃で加熱処理して得られた放射性金属吸着剤を、放射性金属を含む流体と接触させることにより前記課題を解決した。
【選択図】なし
Description
これまでこれらの放射性金属の吸着剤としては、天然ゼオライト、イオン交換樹脂が知られており、活性炭はこれらの放射性金属をほとんど吸着しないと言われてきた。(非特許文献1)
(1)オゾン・活性炭法高度浄水処理で少なくとも2カ月間液相オゾン酸化された活性炭を150〜450℃で加熱処理して得られた放射性金属吸着剤、
(2)金属がセシウムである(1)記載の放射性金属吸着剤、
(3)金属がストロンチウムである(1)記載の放射性金属吸着剤、
(4)放射性金属を含む流体を(1)記載の放射性金属吸着剤と接触させる流体中の放射性金属の吸着法、
である。
しかし、より上質の水道水が求められる一方で、河川、湖沼、ダムなどの水源が産業廃棄物の流入や、水の富栄養化などに起因して水質が悪化し、臭気物質、トリハロメタンやその前駆物質などの除去のために種々の単位処理プロセスを組み合わせた高度浄水処理を行わないと美味しくて無色無臭の水道水を得ることが困難となってきている。
この「オゾン・活性炭法高度浄水処理」にはいくつかの処理フローが存在するが、典型的なものは、原水→凝集沈殿→(中塩素処理)→急速ろ過→オゾン酸化→活性炭処理→(後塩素処理)→急速ろ過→浄水、の処理フローである。
このような高度浄水処理場での活性炭1グラム当たりのオゾン負荷量は、1日当たり0.02〜0.50mg/gであり、極低オゾン負荷量で長期間、通常1〜6年間かけて活性炭が非常にゆっくりと液相酸化される。
また、流体が気体の場合、温度および相対湿度の影響が非常に小さく、120℃以下の温度であれば、相対湿度は75%以上でも良好な吸着性能を維持する。さらに、原子力発電所の事故などに伴って放射性金属を吸着・除去いなければならない突発的な事態に対応するには、放射性金属の吸着剤が短期間に、かつ、多量に必要となる。このような緊急的な要望に対してオゾン・活性炭法による高度浄水処理場から多量に排出される極低濃度オゾン液相酸化活性炭が対応できることは、漏洩した放射性金属による環境汚染および人体への被爆防止、原子力発電所の事故対処などの点で意義が大きく、本発明の最大の特長である。
酸化活性炭試料a1の各30gを55mmφの石英ガラス管に充填して窒素ガスを線流速5cm/秒で流通しながら、それぞれ110℃、150℃、350℃、450℃、550℃および850℃の各温度で30分間処理して、窒素ガス中で室温まで冷却して、加熱処理試料a2、a3、a4、a5、a6およびa7をそれぞれ得た。これらの試料および試料a1を乳鉢で微粉砕した各100mgを25mgのCsOH(Csイオンとして22mg)を含む水溶液15mLに懸濁させて、25℃で2時間振とうさせた後、ガラス濾過器で濾過し、濾液5mL中に残留するCsイオンを測定してCs金属吸着量(mg/g−活性炭)を求めた。その結果を表1に示した。
酸化活性炭試料b1の各30gを55mmφの石英ガラス管に充填して窒素ガスを線流速5cm/秒で流通しながら、それぞれ100℃、170℃、250℃、450℃、600℃および800℃の各温度で30分間処理して、窒素ガス中で室温まで冷却して、加熱処理試料b2、b3、b4、b5、b6およびb7をそれぞれ得た。これらの試料および試料b1を乳鉢で微粉砕した各100mgを27mgのCs2CO3(Csイオンとして22mg)を含む水溶液15mLに懸濁させて、25℃で2時間振とうさせた後、ガラス濾過器で濾過し、濾液5mL中に残留するCsイオンを測定してCs金属吸着量(mg/g−活性炭)を求めた。その結果を表2に示した。
Claims (4)
- オゾン・活性炭法高度浄水処理で少なくとも2カ月間液相オゾン酸化された活性炭を150〜450℃で加熱処理して得られた放射性金属吸着剤。
- 金属がセシウムである請求項1記載の放射性金属吸着剤。
- 金属がストロンチウムである請求項1記載の放射性金属吸着剤。
- 放射性金属を含む流体を請求項1記載の放射性金属吸着剤と接触させる流体中の放射性金属の吸着法。
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2012230096A (ja) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-11-22 | Eiko:Kk | 放射性セシウムの吸着方法 |
CN110975810A (zh) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 徐州工程学院 | 一种能控制臭氧压力的球磨生物炭制备装置及方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06343856A (ja) * | 1993-06-03 | 1994-12-20 | Japan Atom Energy Res Inst | 放射性核種吸着材 |
JP2010188281A (ja) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-09-02 | Eiko:Kk | 低級アルデヒド類吸着剤及びその製造法 |
JP2010201360A (ja) * | 2009-03-04 | 2010-09-16 | Eiko:Kk | 低級アルデヒド類吸着剤及びその製造法 |
JP2012230096A (ja) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-11-22 | Eiko:Kk | 放射性セシウムの吸着方法 |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH06343856A (ja) * | 1993-06-03 | 1994-12-20 | Japan Atom Energy Res Inst | 放射性核種吸着材 |
JP2010188281A (ja) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-09-02 | Eiko:Kk | 低級アルデヒド類吸着剤及びその製造法 |
JP2010201360A (ja) * | 2009-03-04 | 2010-09-16 | Eiko:Kk | 低級アルデヒド類吸着剤及びその製造法 |
JP2012230096A (ja) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-11-22 | Eiko:Kk | 放射性セシウムの吸着方法 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012230096A (ja) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-11-22 | Eiko:Kk | 放射性セシウムの吸着方法 |
CN110975810A (zh) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 徐州工程学院 | 一种能控制臭氧压力的球磨生物炭制备装置及方法 |
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