JP2012225071A - Ladder for evacuation from tsunami - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method that enables evacuation from a tsunami by installation of an appliance constituted by integrating a ladder and a base.SOLUTION: Though a breakwater with a certain height is installed against a tsunami with an estimated magnitude at present, the insufficiency of the breakwater starts to become apparent. An appliance constituted by integrating a ladder and a base is additionally installed in each house and each location in addition to the conventional breakwater, and each resident ascends the ladder by the arrival of the tsunami for evacuation until the tsunami settles down or he/she is rescued. In regard to an installation direction of the appliance, an ascending surface of the appliance is set perpendicular to a direction of the incoming tsunami.

Description

  The present invention provides a method of installing an apparatus in which a ladder and a base are integrated against a tsunami and evacuating the tsunami by a simple installation method.

  Conventionally, a method of providing a breakwater along the coast has been considered. The breakwater may be raised higher, but the second and third tsunamis may be received many times, and this alone may not prevent it.

Patent Publication 2005-171719

Conventional breakwaters are often several meters high along the coast and only exist along the coast.
In the present invention, in addition to the conventional breakwater, by installing the evacuation ladder shown in the present invention in each house and each place, when the tsunami comes, escape to the high place of the ladder and promptly evacuate .
In addition, the evacuation ladder of the present invention can be easily installed, can evacuate quickly, and is safe.
In terms of strength, the ladder is supported by the base and seawater passes through the ladder, so the ladder itself is not subject to resistance and can be easily installed so that it will not fall down due to the tsunami. Think.

There is an evacuation bridge device in Patent Publication No. 2005-171719, but this is not an evacuation ladder against tsunami, and the purpose and form are also different.

A combination of foundation and evacuation ladder will be installed in each house and location. The base is connected to the evacuation ladder, and the base supports the ladder. The ladder has a structure that allows water to pass through the tsunami, reduces resistance, reduces the load, and does not fall over. It is conceivable that the ladder is made of iron, aluminum, stainless steel or the like.
For the foundation, materials such as concrete are appropriate, but other materials are also acceptable. The periphery of the base may be surrounded by a member such as a concrete block or brick.
The foundation may be installed on the ground, but may be buried in the ground partway. Alternatively, the foundation may be completely buried in the ground, and only the ladder may be exposed to the ground.

The base shape may be a rectangular parallelepiped. Moreover, an acute angle shape may be sufficient with respect to the tsunami direction with respect to the base. Moreover, the shape using a circular arc and a hyperbolic cosine function may be sufficient.
The hyperbolic cosine function has a shape in which the string hangs when it receives an evenly distributed load called a gravitational field, and the stress distribution is an optimum value. Therefore, since the tsunami is considered to be an equally distributed load, the shape using the hyperbolic cosine function is good.

  Since some tsunamis come back, each house should have a similar shape not only on the front of each part but also on the back.

Further, the base may be selected in accordance with the installation conditions by gradually reducing the cross-sectional area in the vertical upward direction from the ground, increasing the cross-sectional area, providing a step, or the like.

  The evacuation ladder may be a folding type that can be bent. Also, it can be slid and folded. In this case, the power source may be installed by a motor or the like so as to quickly reach a predetermined height.

  Considering the past height of the tsunami, the ladder should be at least 5 meters high.

  This evacuation ladder may be installed either outdoors or indoors. When installed indoors, a space like a chimney through which ladders and people pass is necessary.

It is desirable that a safety string, a safety belt, a safety fence, and a safety chair can be installed on the top of the slamming ladder, and that it is easy to stay on the top of the ladder for a long time until accused.

  The present invention can provide a ladder that can evacuate safely and quickly against a tsunami by combining a base and a ladder.

A front view, a side view, and a top view are shown with a ladder and a base. The arrow is the direction in which the tsunami is expected to come, and is roughly perpendicular to the coast. The surface on which the ladder climbs is placed perpendicular to the direction in which the tsunami is expected to come. An example of installing the foundation on the ground, in the ground and in the middle is shown. The example of the foundation which provided the block fence with respect to the outer periphery of the foundation shown in FIG. An example of the top view of the foundation is shown. Figures (a), (d), and (e) show examples in which a foundation is formed at an acute angle with respect to the front surface or the rear surface in the direction in which a tsunami is expected to come. Similarly, as an example in which the base is represented by a curve, FIG. 4 (b) shows an example using a circular arc and FIG. 4 (c) uses a hyperbolic cosine function. Various examples of the vertical section of the foundation are shown.

  FIG. 1 shows a front view, a side view, and a top view in which a ladder and a base are combined. The arrow is the direction in which the tsunami is expected to come, and is roughly perpendicular to the coast. The surface on which the ladder climbs is placed perpendicular to the direction in which the tsunami is expected to come.

  FIG. 2 shows an example in which the foundation is installed on the ground, in the ground, and in the middle.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a base provided with block ridges on the outer periphery of the base shown in FIGS.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a top view of the base. Figures (a), (d), and (e) show examples in which a foundation is formed at an acute angle with respect to the front surface or the rear surface in the direction in which a tsunami is expected to come. Similarly, as an example in which the base is represented by a curve, FIG. 4 (b) shows an example using a circular arc and FIG. 4 (c) uses a hyperbolic cosine function.

FIG. 5 shows various examples of the vertical cross section of the base.

The present invention provides a method capable of evacuating against a tsunami by a simple installation method by installing an instrument that integrates a ladder and a base against the tsunami.

Claims (11)

  In the ladder for evacuation against tsunami, the ladder for evacuation that integrates the base and the ladder   The foundation of claim 1 is an evacuation ladder installed underground, on the ground, or in the middle thereof   The evacuation ladder manufactured from concrete according to claim 1 or 2   The foundation of claim 1 or 2 is a ladder for evacuation whose outer peripheral surface is manufactured in blocks.   The block on the outer peripheral surface of the base according to claim 4 is an evacuation ladder made of concrete block fence and brick.   The ladder according to claim 1 or 2 is made of iron, aluminum, and stainless steel.   An evacuation ladder having an acute shape, a curved line, a circular arc, or a hyperbolic cosine function at the front surface of the foundation with respect to the tsunami of claim 1 to 6   8. The evacuation ladder according to claim 7, wherein the evacuation ladder has an acute shape, a curved line, an arc, or a hyperbolic cosine function on both the front surface and the rear surface of the tsunami.   The evacuation ladder whose cross section of the foundation according to claim 1 is not constant in the depth direction   10. The ladder according to claim 1, wherein the ladder is foldable. The ladder of claim 1 to 10 is an escape ladder that is at least 5 meters above the ground.