JP2012219606A - Building and structure for tsunami protection measure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the collapse of a building and a structure by exerting an effective action on both an incoming tsunami and backwash.SOLUTION: Characteristically, a building or a structure for disaster prevention is apparently constituted as an erected pole that assumes a rhombus or a polygon including two acute angles; the one acute angle is arranged seaward; and the other acute angle is arranged toward a mountain side.

Description

The present invention relates to a building or a structure for tsunami countermeasures.

In East Japan, which occurred in March 2011, buildings and houses were destroyed by the tsunami. Many disaster prevention centers made of reinforced concrete have taken the lives of many people who collapsed and evacuated. If you look at images of these houses being swept away by a tsunami or collapsed by a tsunami, the power of a tsunami might be huge, and it may seem that humans have no way to deal with it.
Many people have given up that once a 50-year or 100-year tsunami rushes in the same way that many people will die.
But then too much human wisdom.
When you think about it, has there been at least one disaster prevention center that has been constructed so far and has taken measures against tsunami?
That's right. Until now, we haven't built a disaster prevention center or a reinforced concrete house for individuals that carefully considers tsunami countermeasures.
If we take wisdom and take measures, and execute it with our judgment, we will surely be able to save many lives in the future.
Until now, people with mountains nearby could have been saved if they evacuated early because of an earthquake, but residents near the coast where mountains and hills were not nearby had no guarantee of life. is.
With this in mind, this patent aims to provide a building for a disaster prevention center that can save lives even if there is no mountain nearby or if it escapes, even if a tsunami strikes.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-342648 Evacuation equipment against tsunami and the like The present invention provides a blame for a tsunami or the like and a method for constructing it, which can easily provide an evacuation site by selecting a nearby place such as a park or a square in the town.
An evacuation site is set on the upper surface of an artificial hill that is constructed so that it rises above the ground level by appropriately combining earth and sand, rocks, concrete, and waste materials.
This artificial hill is shaped like a polygonal pyramid that includes a triangle, and one corner of the hill is directed to the side leading to the tsunami attack.
Difference from the present invention The present invention is mainly intended for buildings where people can live, not artificial hills. In addition, while the shape of the artificial hill is a triangular pyramid, the present invention uses a standing pillar. Since the number of evacuees per area is larger than that of a vertical cone, the number of evacuees can be accommodated, so that the lives of many people can be saved, and the advantages of the present invention are great.
JP-A-9-184323 Elevated metal building This patent is an elevated building as an evacuation wing in preparation for a tsunami disaster.
Unlike this patent, the tsunami was not received at an acute angle. For this reason, tsunami countermeasures are not sufficient.
Since this patent receives the tsunami from the coast in an acute-angle building, it can prevent the collapse of the building or structure without receiving the tsunami energy properly.

Prevents buildings and structures from collapsing and breaking during tsunami strikes and waves.
This provides a safe haven for people who have evacuated to buildings.
The Disaster Prevention Center is one example.
In addition, facilities such as disaster prevention centers can be used as offices, residences, and parking lots during normal times.

Claim 1.
Because piles are struck deep underground and buildings and structures are firmly placed on top of them, they will not be swept away by the tsunami.
It is a diamond-shaped vertical pole or a polygonal vertical pole with two acute angles. Example, hexagonal column.
Moreover, the acute angle of one corner of the building or structure is directed in the direction in which the tsunami pushes from the sea or from the downstream.
For this reason, the water pressure is not properly received next week after the tsunami.
Also, even if a tsunami pulling wave or return wave comes, the other sharp angle is directed toward the mountain side, land side, or upstream of the river so that the water pressure is released, so the resistance of the water pressure is reduced even during the pulling wave. Can avoid the collapse of buildings and structures.

Windows are provided on the side of the building, and it can be used as an office or living space in normal times.
The Great East Japan Earthquake caused a tsunami to reach the third floor of the building. From this, it can be seen that disaster prevention centers etc. require a height of about 5 stories as a safe evacuation site and building for disaster prevention centers.

Claim 2
In the Great East Japan Earthquake, a reinforced concrete building collapsed due to the tsunami.
This is the result of investigating the direction in which the building collapsed. In other words, it was found that much more water pressure was applied during the tsunami wave than during the tsunami attack.
In one example survey, there was a survey result that the building collapsed due to the water pressure of 3000 tons of wave.
Ideally, it is desirable that the acute angle toward the sea and the acute angle toward the mountain of the building or structure are sufficiently steep. 30 degrees or less.
However, in reality, there are restrictions on the ground, and it may be difficult to make both sharp angles. In this way, when the length of the ground of the building or structure cannot be secured sufficiently, it is safer to change the acute angle between the time of the tsunami attack and the time of the tsunami. It becomes necessary for the design of the body.
That is, it is desirable in design that the acute angle for the tsunami pulling is made steeper than the acute angle for the tsunami attack from the sea.

Claim 3
As described above, in order to prevent the building or structure from receiving the tsunami water pressure as much as possible, the acute angle may be made as steep as possible. To make it steep, an elongated ground surface is required.
Depending on the location, it may be difficult to secure a narrow land.
If both the sharp angle toward the sea side and the sharp angle toward the mountain side are not sharp due to space constraints on the site, multiple large openings are provided at the bottom of the building or structure, and the openings are tsunami By using this water flow path, the water pressure received by buildings and structures can be reduced. That is, the building does not divert the water flow of the tsunami but makes it difficult to receive the water pressure of the tsunami by passing through the building.

Claim 1.
By adopting a diamond-shaped vertical pillar as the exterior appearance of the building, a large number of evacuees can be accommodated in a space with a small occupation area.
Moreover, construction of a large disaster prevention center etc. is attained by making the external shape of a building into a hexagonal column.

The water of the tsunami is scraped by a vertical pillar including the acute angle of the building or structure and receives the water pressure, so that the resistance of the water pressure of the tsunami can be reduced. Therefore, the collapse of a building or a structure can be prevented.

By opening the acute angle to both the sea side and the mountain side, it is possible to greatly reduce the water pressure of the tsunami that the building or structure receives, both during and after the tsunami.

Claim 2.
When building a building on the ground where it is difficult to secure a long and narrow site, it is possible to build a tsunami countermeasure building even if it is not so long by making the sharp angle on the sea side slower than the sharp angle on the mountain side. It becomes.

Claim 3.
In addition, if the desired long and narrow land cannot be covered, the building can divert the water pressure of the tsunami by providing a large opening at the bottom of the building and passing a portion of the tsunami water through the opening. And can prevent the collapse of the building.

Is an explanatory diagram of claim 1 The top view Shows an embodiment of claim 1. Shows an embodiment of claim 1. Shows an embodiment of claim 1. The top view Shows an embodiment of claim 1. The top view Shows an embodiment of claim 1. These show the top view of the Example of Claim 2. FIG. Shows an embodiment of claim 2. Shows an embodiment of claim 2. The top view Shows an embodiment of claim 3.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a building and a structure related to claim 1.
FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of claim 1, which has a diamond-shaped standing pillar. Example of 5 stories.
This is the most suitable example for a disaster prevention center. On a small scale, it can also be applied to private homes.
The entrance / exit is preferably installed away from sharp corners in order not to receive the water pressure properly.
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, which has a rhombus-like appearance and has a window only at the bottom. The 4th and 5th floors are for evacuation and are not equipped with windows for safety reasons.
FIG. 5 is an embodiment according to claim 1 and has a hexagonal pillar appearance.
FIG. 6 is a plan view thereof. FIG. 7 is an example of a building whose exterior is a pentagonal column in the embodiment of claim 1. If the acute angle direction is set according to the direction of the slope of the mountain, the pentagon may be more convenient than the hexagon.
This is applied when the direction of the acute angle can be made coincident with the direction in which the water pressure of the pulling wave is applied.
FIG. 8 is a plan view thereof. FIG. 9 is an example of a structure in the embodiment of claim 1. The present invention is applied to a bridge pier.
This structure is a hexagonal column.
The pier is made of reinforced concrete, and the acute angle portion of the present invention is placed outside the width of the balustrade. The acute-angled part shall be constructed to maintain the height from the riverbed to the lower part of the balustrade. This protects the pier from steep water pressures, including during tsunamis and storms.
FIG. 10 is a plan view of an embodiment of the second aspect.
FIG. 11 is an embodiment of claim 2 and shows a standing pillar building with a rhombus-like appearance.
FIG. 12 is an embodiment of claim 2 and shows an example of a prismatic building having a hexagonal appearance.
FIG. 13 is a plan view thereof. FIG. 14 is an explanatory view of claim 3 and shows an embodiment of a building having a rhombus appearance and a prism.
Tsunami water flows into and out of the opening, reducing the water pressure on the building. Under normal conditions, the inside of the opening can be used for a parking lot or the like.

Claims (3)

A large number of piles are struck deeply into the ground and firmly fixed to them. In the plan view, one acute angle of the diamond or polygon is arranged toward the sea side or lowland side, or downstream of the river, and the other acute angle is mountain side, land side, or upstream of the river. A building or structure for disaster prevention characterized by being placed toward In claim 1,
In the plan view, the acute angle of the rhombus or the polygon toward the mountain side, the land side, or the upstream side of the river is steeper than the acute angle toward the sea side, the lowland side, or the downstream side of the river. A tsunami countermeasure building or structure characterized by In claims 1 and 2,
In the building or structure of the diamond-shaped standing pillar or the polygonal standing pillar, a plurality of large openings for inflow and outflow of water are provided on a lower side surface of the building or structure. Building or structure for disaster prevention.

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