JP2012215053A - Open type gravity water turbine with dust removing screen - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an open type gravity water turbine practically usable and capable of being installed in the main stream of a river, without causing a water turbine blades, etc., to be damaged in a short period by various impurities including dust and woods flowing thereinto when the open type gravity water turbine is installed in the main stream of the river.SOLUTION: The open type gravity water turbine with a dust removing screen includes: the dust removing screen having a screen body 13 which is mounted on a supporting shaft 12 provided on the upper part of a water passage 11 in an oscillating manner, and on the lower part of which a shield plate 14 is mounted for creating a water stream of the water passage 11 from the upper part toward the lower part of the shield plate 14, and a falling type rake 15 installed to rise/fall along the front face of the screen; and a power generating water turbine 21 mounted on the supporting shaft 12 provided on the upper part of the water passage 11 in an oscillating manner, at the back side of the screen body 13.

Description

The present invention relates to an open-type gravity water turbine equipped with a dust removal screen, and in particular, to separate and eliminate contaminants from the screen without being lifted above the water surface, thereby efficiently restoring the function as a dust removal screen. In addition, an open gravity-type water turbine can be installed in the mainstream of a river in combination with the dust removing screen.

All the conventional dust removing devices scrape the foreign matter captured by the screen and collect it in another place and treat it as so-called industrial waste.

However, in the case of a conventional rake-flick screen, the following points are problems.
a. The foreign matter becomes industrial waste when it is swept above the water surface and cannot be returned to the water again.
b. Therefore, in addition to the scraping device for the foreign matter, a moving and accumulating device for the scraped foreign matter is required, and the collected foreign matter needs to be treated as industrial waste.

Therefore, the present inventor previously described a movable screen that can be moved up and down and a rake that is normally positioned above the movable screen in Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-750 (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-177133, Patent Document 1). Dust removal that lowers the rake along the movable screen to push the contaminants to the lower part of the screen and lifts the screen to a predetermined height so that the contaminants separated from the movable screen are discharged from the lower part of the movable screen. Proposed a screen.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-40217 (refer to Patent Document 2) describes a simple installation type hydraulic power generation apparatus that is installed on a riverbed or the like and generates power by rotating a water turbine using a river flow. A drum-type water turbine having a hollow float portion therein and having a plurality of water scrapers radially arranged on the outer peripheral surface, and a power amplifying device and a generator directly connected to the axle of the water wheel; There has been proposed a hydraulic power generation apparatus including a support member that floats on the water surface so that the axle is directed in the river width direction and is rotatably supported.

JP 2006-177133 A JP 2007-40217 A

However, even if an open-type gravity turbine is installed in the mainstream of a river, there is a problem that the blades of the turbine are damaged in a short period of time due to the inflow of various contaminants such as dust and wood. There was no open gravity turbine that could be installed in the mainstream of the river.

Therefore, the open gravity-type water turbine provided with the dust removal screen of the present invention is swingably attached to a support shaft provided in the upper part of the water channel, and a shielding plate is attached to the lower part, whereby the shielding plate in the water channel is provided. A screen for dust removal comprising a screen body for creating a water flow from the upper part to the lower part, and a descending rake installed so as to move up and down the front surface of the screen;
A power generation turbine attached to the support shaft so as to be able to swing is provided on the back side of the screen body.

An open gravity-type water turbine equipped with the dust removal screen of the present invention is
1) When foreign matter accumulates on the front surface of the screen main body arranged in the water channel, the descent rake is lowered to push the foreign matter downward from the shielding plate to prevent the screen main body from being clogged, and a certain amount. When the foreign matter is stored on the front surface of the shielding plate, the dust removal screen and the power generation water turbine are swung toward the rear of the water channel around the support shaft and lifted to a predetermined height, thereby removing the foreign material into the water channel. Forced to drain from the gap with the bottom,
2) When the waterway increased due to heavy rain, typhoon, etc., the dust removal screen and the power generation water wheel were swung toward the rear of the waterway around the support shaft so that they could be lifted on the waterway, respectively. Is also a feature.

In the open gravity-type water turbine provided with the dust removal screen according to the present invention, the screen main body and the power generation water turbine are configured such that the dust removal screen and the power generation water turbine are swung toward the back of the water channel around the support shaft. When lifting on the road, the lower part of the screen body is pushed up by the descending rake so that not only the screen body but also the power generation turbine can be lifted on the water path. .

In the open gravity type water turbine provided with the dust removal screen of the present invention, the screen body and the power generation water turbine are each provided with a balance weight on the opposite side of the support shaft,
The balance weight of the screen body is normally disposed at the rear position of the support shaft so as to press the tip of the screen body against the bottom surface of the water channel so that the load can be reduced when the screen body is lifted on the water channel. Move the weight to the front position of the spindle,
The balance weight of the water turbine for power generation is characterized in that when the power turbine for power generation is lifted on the water channel, the weight is moved to a position in front of the support shaft so that the load can be reduced.

In the open gravity-type water turbine provided with the dust removal screen according to the present invention, the balance weight attached to the screen main body and the power generation water turbine has the dust removal screen and the power generation water turbine directed toward the rear of the water channel around the support shaft. When the head is swung up and lifted onto the waterway, the weight center of gravity and weight can be adjusted so that the load can be reduced.

In the open gravity-type water turbine provided with the dust removal screen according to the present invention, when a long foreign object such as bamboo or wood is sandwiched between the screen body and the power generation water turbine, only the power generation water turbine is necked. Swinging and lifting, the gap between the shield plate and the passage of water through that part reduces the rotational force applied to the power generation water turbine, and the power generation water turbine with no rotational torque is forced to rotate. It is also characterized by the fact that it will no longer be damaged and will not be particularly fatal.

In the open gravity-type water turbine provided with the dust-removing screen of the present invention, the open-type gravity water turbine comprising the screen body and the power generation water turbine is swingably attached to a support shaft provided at the upper part of the water channel. In addition, one or two or more accompanying power generation water turbines are connected to the downstream side at a predetermined interval , and the associated power generation water turbine is swung in conjunction with the drive means of the main power generation water turbine, and the water channel is increased. In this case, it is also characterized by the fact that it is possible to lift the water turbine for power generation onto the water channel all at once.

In the open gravity-type water turbine equipped with the dust removal screen according to the present invention, the accompanying water turbine attaches a shielding plate to the lower portion on the upstream side thereof, thereby causing a water flow from the upper portion of the shielding plate to the lower portion in the water channel. It is also characterized by the creation.

According to the open gravity-type water turbine provided with the dust removing screen of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
A. Since the water stream flows into the open gravity turbine from the top of the dust removal screen, the position energy required for power generation can be obtained even in a small river, and an open gravity turbine with high power generation efficiency can be provided. .
B. Even if the river increases unexpectedly, the dust removal screen and the open gravity-type water turbine can be evacuated above the water surface by a simple operation, so that the flow of water can be prevented.
C. Since impurities are accumulated in water and separated from the screen, continuous operation for a long time is possible, and impurities do not become industrial waste and can be allowed to flow down as they are.
D. It is possible to cope with long foreign objects that are most likely to cause damage to the device.
E. Since no industrial waste is generated, it is not necessary to process the mobile stacking device and dust .

In addition, the above series of processes,
1) When foreign matter accumulates on the front surface of the screen main body arranged in the water channel, the descending rake is lowered to push the foreign matter downward from the shielding plate to prevent the screen main body from being clogged.
2) When a certain amount of foreign matter has accumulated on the front surface of the shielding plate, the dust removing screen and the power generation turbine are swung toward the rear of the water channel around the support shaft and lifted to a predetermined height to remove the foreign matter. Forcibly drain from the gap with the bottom of the channel.
3) When the water channel increases due to heavy rain, typhoon, etc., the dust removing screen and the power generation water turbine are swung toward the rear of the water channel around the support shaft and lifted on the water channel, respectively.
By programming this process in the control system, the power generation mechanism of the open gravity water turbine and the dust removal function of the dust removal screen can be automatically maintained, and a dust removal screen that can be used for a long time in the river mainstream is provided. An open gravity water turbine can be provided.
Needless to say, industrial waste is not generated in order to treat impurities in water, and the dust removal system can be simplified.

It is the schematic which shows a normal dust removal and electric power generation condition in one Example of the open-type gravity type water turbine provided with the screen for dust removal of this invention. It is the schematic of the middle stage which scrapes off the foreign material collected on the screen for dust removal with a descent-type rake. It is the schematic of the stage which scraped off the foreign material collected on the screen for dust removal with a descent | fall type rake. It is the schematic which shows the state which lifts the screen for dust removal and discharges the foreign material which accumulated on the lower part on a water flow. It is the schematic which shows the state by which the long foreign material was pinched | interposed between the screen for dust removal, and the open-type gravity type | formula waterwheel. It is the schematic explaining operation which lifts the screen for dust removal and an open | release type gravity-type water wheel on a water channel. It is the schematic explaining the state which lifted the screen for dust removal and the open-type gravity type | formula waterwheel on the water channel. It is the schematic explaining the state which connected the water turbine for an electric power generation attached to the downstream of an open type gravity-type water turbine. It is the enlarged view.

Embodiments of the dust removal screen of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 to 7 showing an embodiment of an open gravity-type water turbine equipped with a dust removal screen according to the present invention. For example, columns and side walls installed at predetermined intervals on a water channel 11 composed of a small river, for example. A screen body 13 of a dust removing screen is attached to a support shaft 12 provided so as to be swingable.
The screen body 13 has a shielding plate 14 attached to the back side of the lower portion thereof, and creates a water flow from the upper portion to the lower portion of the shielding plate 14 as indicated by an arrow F as the water flow in the water channel 11. Yes.
A descending rake 15 that moves up and down along the front surface of the screen body 13 is attached to a predetermined position on the water channel 11 with a shaft portion 15 a being pivotally supported. The descending rake 15 is not limited to the rotating method, but can be a pushing type using various actuators, for example.

The descending rake 15 is held downward with its claw portion 16 fitted in the gap of the screen body 13. Note that the claw portion 16 can be lifted so as not to interfere with the water flow when the descending rake 15 is on the water surface.
The descent rake 15 can be driven by its own weight or power when it is lowered, and can be raised by a hoisting wire when it is lifted, or can be raised or lowered by a hydraulic cylinder or other driving device.

In addition, on the back side of the screen body 13, a power generation water turbine 21 is swingably attached to the support shaft 12 provided in the upper part of the water channel 11.
That is, the water turbine 21 for power generation is fixed between the rotating shaft 23 and the rotating shaft 23 which is mounted between the pair of support arms 22 on the left and right of the supporting shaft 12 so as to be swingable and rotatably mounted. A pair of side plates 24 and a vane plate 25 having a substantially arc-shaped cross section fixed between the side plates 24 are fixed to the left and right sides. If the side wall of the water channel 11 is vertical, the side plate 24 is unnecessary.
A large number of blades 25 having an arcuate cross section are arranged radially about the rotation shaft 23. A drive belt 23a is driven by the power generation water turbine 21 and rotates a speed increaser or a generator 23b installed on the same axis as the support shaft 12.
Thus, by installing the gear box or generator 23b, which is generally heavy, on the same axis as the support shaft 12, there is no burden such as swinging of the power generation water turbine 21.
The material, the number, the mounting angle, and the like of the blade 25 having the arc-shaped cross section can be appropriately determined according to the diameter and length of the power generation water turbine 21, the speed of the water flow in the river, the amount of water, and the like.

Balancing weights 13 a and 21 a are attached to the screen body 13 and the power generation water turbine 21 via rod-shaped attachment guides 31 on opposite sides of the support shaft 12, respectively.
The balance weight 13a of the screen body 13 is normally disposed at a rear position (downstream side) of the support shaft 12 so as to press the tip of the screen body 13 against the bottom surface of the water channel 11 in a normal state. When the head is swung in the direction and lifted onto the water channel 11, it moves to the front position (upstream side) of the support shaft 12 to reduce the load.

In addition, the balance weight 21a of the power generation water turbine 21 appropriately presses the power generation water turbine 21 against the bottom surface of the water channel 11, and when the power generation water turbine 21 is lifted onto the water channel 11, In order to reduce the load caused by the power generation water turbine 21 at the front position (upstream side) and lift the power generation water turbine 21, it is considered that a great deal of labor is not required.
Each of the balance weights 13a and 21a has a disk shape, and its weight can be adjusted by attaching a predetermined number to the rod-shaped attachment guide 31. Considering this, it is sufficient to attach the appropriate number.
Of course, the shape and attachment method of the weight may be other shapes and other attachment methods.

The open gravity type water turbine provided with the dust removing screen according to the present invention is operated as follows.
<At normal water level>
(A) Step 1 (see FIG. 1)
At the time of dust removal, which is the main purpose of the dust removal screen, the lower end of the screen body 13 descends to the riverbed.
The descending rake 15 is raised above the water surface.
In this state, the screen 14 of the screen body 13 generates a water flow from the top to the bottom of the screen 14 as indicated by the arrow F as the water flow in the water channel 11. The plate 25 is pushed down to generate a rotational force, and the power generation water turbine 21 operates to generate power.

(B) Step 2 (see FIGS. 2 and 3)
In order to remove the impurities 30 accumulated in the screen body 13 during use, the descent rake 15 is lowered into the water along the screen body 13, and the impurities 30 captured by the screen body 13 are removed from the shielding plate 14. Push down to the bottom bottom.
Thus, in the state where the descent rake 15 is lowered along the screen main body 13 and the impurities 30 are pushed to the lower part of the screen main body 13, the upper water passing ability is restored, so that water can be passed and power can be generated as it is. .

(C) Step 3 (see FIG. 4)
In order to remove a certain amount of foreign matter 30 from the lower portion of the screen main body 13 and removing it, the lowering rake 15 is lowered to a predetermined position and the screen main body 13 is lifted to move the foreign matter 30 below the lowering rake 15. Left behind. The impurities 30 left behind and separated from the screen main body 13 are released into the space between the screen main body 13 and the bottom surface of the water channel 11, and are not restrained by the screen main body 13, so they are removed by riding on the flow of water.

(D) Step 4 (see FIG. 5)
In addition, when a long foreign object 30a such as bamboo or wood is sandwiched between the screen body 13 and the power generation turbine 21 during use, only the power generation turbine 21 is swung up and lifted, When the gap with the shielding plate 14 is enlarged and water passes through that portion, the rotational force applied to the power generation water turbine 21 is reduced, and the power generation water turbine 21 having no rotational torque does not rotate excessively. So it is not particularly fatal.

<When the water increases>
(E) Step 5 (see FIG. 6)
When the river increases, the screen main body 13 and the power generation water turbine 21 are swung downstream of the water flow by the drive mechanism of the screen main body 13 or the drive mechanism provided in both the screen main body 13 and the power generation water turbine 21. Let

(F) Step 5 (see FIG. 7)
When both the screen body 13 and the power generation water turbine 21 are raised above the water surface, the apparatus of the present invention does not hinder the water flow even when the water is increased. The balance weights 13a and 21a attached to the screen main body 13 and the power generation water turbine 21 do not require a large torque to raise both the screen main body 13 and the power generation water turbine 21 above the water surface. In addition, it can be held without difficulty in the raised position.
Contaminants floating near the water surface naturally flow down when both the screen body 13 and the power generation water turbine 21 are raised above the water surface.

(G) Step 6
When the increase in water content is settled, the screen main body 13 and the power generation water turbine 21 are lowered to the initial position, the descending rake 15 is set to a predetermined position, and power generation and dust removal are started again (step 1). By repeating the above process, it is possible to efficiently generate power while maintaining the dust removal function of the screen.

By programming the above-described series of processes (a) to (g) in the control system, power generation can be continued while automatically maintaining the dust removal function in the screen body, and impurities are treated in water. Therefore, no industrial waste is generated, and the entire apparatus can be simplified.

Next, FIG. 8 is a schematic view for explaining an embodiment in which one or two or more accompanying water turbines for power generation are connected downstream from the open gravity-type water turbine, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged view thereof.
In the open gravity type water turbine provided with the dust removal screen of this embodiment, a support shaft provided on the upper part of the water channel 11 on the downstream side of the open type gravity water turbine composed of the screen body 13 and the power generation water turbine 21. In FIG. 12, one or two or more accompanying water turbines 41 are attached at predetermined intervals so as to be able to swing.

The supporting arm 22 that connects the support shaft 12 and the rotating shaft 23 of each power generation water turbine 41 is extended from the support shaft 12 to the opposite side to form a drive lever 42. 41 is performed by driving a drive lever 42 by a linear actuator 43 such as a power cylinder provided on the water channel 11. The swing motion by the linear actuator 43 is performed in conjunction with the main power generation water turbine 21. Reference numeral 44 denotes a transmission lever that is pulled by the linear actuator 43, and reference numeral 45 denotes a connecting means including a pulling wire that connects the levers 42 and 44 to each other.
In addition, according to the method of transmitting a rotational force using a connection plate, a steel bar, and a universal joint, it becomes possible to apply also to the water channel of a curved part.

Therefore, one or two or more accompanying water turbines for power generation provided on the downstream side of the open gravity-type water turbine according to this embodiment are operated as follows. The operation of the dust removal screen is omitted.
During normal power generation, one or two or more accompanying power generation water turbines 41 are submerged in water.
On the other hand, when the water channel increases due to heavy rain, typhoon or the like, the power generation turbine 21 provided with the dust removal screen and the accompanying power generation turbine 41 are pulled by the transmission lever 44 linear actuator 43, The head 12 is swung toward the rear of the water channel 11 around the support shaft 12 and lifted on the water channel 11.

According to the open gravity-type water turbine provided with the dust removal screen of this embodiment, a higher power generation amount can be obtained with a small amount of water, and the dust removal screen is attached if only one set is attached to the most upstream power generation turbine. Therefore, it is not necessary to remove dust from the power generation water turbine, and it is possible to provide an efficient power generation facility at a very low cost.

In addition, since the power generation turbine 41 is also provided with a shielding plate 14 at the lower part on the upstream side, a water flow from the upper part to the lower part of the shielding plate 14 can be created as the water flow in the water channel 11. The interval between the power generation water turbines 41 can be adjusted by the height of the shielding plate 14.

The open-type gravity water turbine provided with the dust removal screen of the present invention can be used not only in small rivers and the like but also in various other water channels.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Waterway 12 Support shaft 13 Screen main body 13a Balance weight 14 Shield plate 15 Descent type rake 15a Shaft part 16 Claw part 21 Power generation turbine 21a Balance weight 22 Support arm 23 Rotating shaft 23a Drive belt 23b Speed increaser or generator 24 Side plate 25 Blade plate 30 Foreign matter 30a Long foreign matter 31 Installation guide 41 Power generation water turbine 42 Drive lever 43 Linear actuator 44 Transmission lever 45 Connecting means

Claims (8)

A screen main body that creates a water flow from the upper part of the shielding plate to the lower part in the water channel by attaching the shielding plate to the lower part of the shaft provided at the upper part of the water channel and capable of swinging, and a front surface of the screen. A dust removal screen with a descent rake installed to move up and down;
An open gravity-type water turbine provided with a dust-removing screen, characterized in that it has a power generation water turbine attached to the support shaft so as to be able to swing on the back side of the screen body. 1) When foreign matter accumulates on the front surface of the screen body arranged in the water channel, the descending rake is lowered to push the foreign matter downward from the shielding plate, thereby preventing the screen body from being clogged and constant. When a large amount of foreign matter has accumulated on the front surface of the shielding plate, the dust removal screen and the power generation turbine are swung toward the rear of the water channel around the support shaft and lifted to a predetermined height, thereby removing the foreign matter. Forced to drain from the gap with the bottom of the channel,
2) When the waterway increased due to heavy rain, typhoon, etc., the dust removal screen and the power generation water wheel were swung toward the rear of the waterway around the support shaft so that they could be lifted on the waterway, respectively. An open gravity-type water turbine provided with the dust removal screen according to claim 1. When the screen main body and the power generation water turbine are swung up on the water channel by swinging the dust removing screen and the power generation water turbine toward the rear of the water channel around the support shaft, the lower part of the screen main body is moved by the descending rake. 2. The open gravity-type water turbine provided with a dust removal screen according to claim 1, wherein not only the screen main body but also the power generation water turbine can be lifted up on the water channel by being pushed up. The screen body and the water turbine for power generation are each provided with a balance weight on the opposite side of the support shaft,
The balance weight of the screen body is normally disposed at the rear position of the support shaft so as to press the tip of the screen body against the bottom surface of the water channel so that the load can be reduced when the screen body is lifted on the water channel. Move the weight to the front position of the spindle,
The balance weight of the power generation water turbine moves the weight to a position in front of the support shaft so that the load can be reduced when the power generation water turbine is lifted on the water channel. An open gravity water turbine equipped with a dust removal screen. The balance weight attached to the screen main body and the power generation water wheel can reduce the load when the dust removal screen and the power generation water wheel are swung toward the rear of the water channel around the support shaft and lifted on the water channel. The open gravity-type water turbine provided with the dust removing screen according to claim 4, wherein the gravity center position and weight of the weight can be adjusted. When a long foreign object such as bamboo or wood is sandwiched between the screen main body and the power generation water wheel, only the power generation water wheel is swung up and the gap with the shielding plate is enlarged. As the water passes through that portion, the rotational force applied to the power generation water turbine is reduced, and the power generation water turbine that has lost its rotational torque is not forced to rotate and is not particularly fatal. An open gravity-type water turbine provided with the dust removal screen according to claim 1. An open gravity-type water turbine comprising the screen main body and a power generation water turbine has a predetermined downstream one or more power generation water turbines attached to a support shaft provided at an upper portion of the water channel so as to be swingable. connected by intervals, and with an associated power generating water vehicles swing performed in conjunction with the main power water wheel of the drive means, upon flooding of waterways that lift the water turbine in unison on waterways An open gravity-type water turbine provided with the dust removal screen according to claim 1, characterized by being made possible. 8. The dust-removing turbine according to claim 7, wherein the accompanying water turbine for power generation has a shielding plate attached to a lower portion on the upstream side thereof to create a water flow from the upper portion to the lower portion of the shielding plate in the water channel. An open gravity-type water wheel with a screen.

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