JP6027279B1 - Hydroelectric generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydroelectric generator capable of easily eliminating clogging of a screen with a simple configuration without interrupting a power generation operation. A screen mechanism in which a turbine that is rotated and driven by a water flow, a generator that is driven by the turbine, and a screen that is rotatably installed on the outer peripheral side of the turbine and collects foreign matter such as dust is installed. And when the foreign matter such as dust is accumulated on the screen, the screen mechanism is rotated so that the foreign matter such as dust deposited on the screen flows downstream. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, a small-scale hydroelectric generator, and more particularly, to a device devised so that clogging of a screen can be easily eliminated with a simple configuration without interrupting the power generation operation.

For example, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose the configuration of a small-scale hydroelectric generator.
First, a water turbine for an open water channel described in Patent Document 1 has a water wheel installed in the open water channel, and the water turbine is rotated by a water flow passing through the open water channel. The generator is driven by the rotation of the water wheel to generate electricity. The screen is installed in an inclined state on the upstream side of the water turbine, and foreign matter such as dust flowing from the upstream is collected by the screen to prevent the inflow to the water turbine. The collected foreign matters such as dust flow downstream along the slope of the screen, bypassing the water wheel.
The hydroelectric generator described in Patent Document 2 has the same configuration, and a streak screen part is provided on the upstream side of the water turbine, and foreign substances such as dust are collected by the streak screen part. This prevents inflow to the turbine side.

However, in the configuration of the water turbine for an open channel described in Patent Document 1, foreign matter such as dust may remain collected on the screen, which may cause clogging on the screen. There was concern.
Similarly, in the case of the hydroelectric generator described in Patent Document 2, foreign matter such as dust remains collected in the streak screen portion, and there is a concern that the streak screen may be clogged. It had been.

In view of this, a dust eliminator and a watermill device for a water channel as described in Patent Document 3 have been proposed. The turbine apparatus described therein has the following configuration. First, a tilting arm is rotatably installed, and a generator, a water wheel, a dust remover, and a float are installed on the tilting arm.
When foreign matter such as dust collected in the dust-removing part accumulates, the tilting arm rotates upward by the action of water pressure, and the generator, water wheel, and dust-removing tool are retracted upward. .
At that time, the buoyancy due to the float acts supplementarily.
As a result, foreign matters such as dust accumulated in the dust-removing portion are caused to flow downstream.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-147768 JP 2009-228608 A JP 2014-202089 A

The conventional configuration has the following problems.
That is, as described above, according to the invention described in Patent Document 3, when foreign matter such as dust accumulates in the dust remover for the water channel, the action of water pressure (the float also acts as an auxiliary) As a result, the entire structure is lifted up, so that foreign matter such as dust collected in the dust remover is caused to flow downstream, but the water turbine is also lifted at that time, so the power generation operation is interrupted. There was a problem that.
Moreover, since not only the dust remover but also the generator, water wheel, float, etc. are entirely lifted, there is a problem that the configuration for that purpose becomes large.

  The present invention has been made on the basis of the above points, and the purpose thereof is a hydraulic power that can easily eliminate clogging of the screen with a simple configuration without interrupting the power generation operation. It is to provide a power generation device.

In order to achieve the above object, a hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a turbine rotated and driven by a water flow, a generator driven by the turbine, and an outer peripheral side of the turbine independently of the turbine. A screen mechanism in which a screen for collecting foreign matter such as dust is rotatably installed, and the screen mechanism is normally stopped, and when the foreign matter such as dust is accumulated, the screen mechanism is It is characterized in that foreign matter such as dust accumulated on the screen is rotated to flow downstream.
The hydroelectric generator according to claim 2 is the hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the screen of the screen mechanism is installed at two positions facing each other by 180 °.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the hydroelectric generator according to the first or second aspect, the screen mechanism is rotated by a motor so that foreign matter such as dust accumulated on the screen flows downstream. It is characterized by that.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the hydroelectric generator according to the first or second aspect, the screen mechanism is provided with screen mechanism driving fins, and its rotation is normally restricted by a stopper. The foreign matter such as dust accumulated on the screen is caused to flow downstream by removing the stopper and rotating the screen mechanism by the action of the screen mechanism driving fin.

As described above, according to the hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 of the present invention, the turbine that is rotated and driven by the water flow, the generator that is driven by the turbine, and the dust that is rotatably installed on the outer peripheral side of the turbine. A screen mechanism in which a screen for collecting foreign substances such as dust is installed, and when foreign substances such as dust accumulate on the screen, the screen mechanism is rotated to remove foreign substances such as dust deposited on the screen downstream. Therefore, the clogging of the screen can be easily eliminated without interrupting the power generation operation and with a simple configuration.
Moreover, according to the hydroelectric generator according to claim 2, in the hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, since the screen of the screen mechanism is installed at two positions opposed to each other by 180 °, any one of the two screens is provided. Can be prevented from flowing in foreign matter such as dust to the turbine side, while clogging due to foreign matter such as dust can be eliminated with the other facing downstream.
Further, according to the hydroelectric generator according to claim 3, in the hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 or 2, the screen mechanism is rotated by a motor so that foreign matters such as dust accumulated on the screen are caused to flow downstream. As a result, the clogging of the screen can be easily eliminated.
According to the hydroelectric generator according to claim 4, in the hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 or 2, the screen mechanism is provided with fins for driving the screen mechanism, and its rotation is normally restricted by a stopper. Since the foreign matter such as dust accumulated on the screen is caused to flow downstream by removing the stopper and rotating the screen mechanism by the action of the screen mechanism driving fin, the motor is not required. Screen clogging can be eliminated.

It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and is a side view of a hydroelectric generator. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and is II-II sectional drawing of FIG. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and is a disassembled perspective view of a hydroelectric generator. FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view of a hydroelectric generator showing a state where foreign matters such as dust are collected on the upstream side, and FIG. 4B is a screen. It is a cross-sectional view of a hydroelectric generator showing a state in which a foreign matter such as dust is flowed downstream by rotating the mechanism 180 °. It is a figure which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is a perspective view which shows the screen mechanism of a hydroelectric generator. It is a figure which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is a side view which shows the screen mechanism of a hydroelectric generator. FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of a hydroelectric generator showing a state where foreign matters such as dust are collected on the upstream side, and FIG. 7B is a screen. It is a cross-sectional view of a hydroelectric generator showing a state in which a foreign matter such as dust is flowed downstream by rotating the mechanism 180 °.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The hydroelectric generator 1 according to the first embodiment is installed on the bottom surface 3a of the water channel 3, as shown in FIG. Details will be described below.
First, as shown in FIG. 1, a substrate 5 is installed on the bottom surface 3 a of the water channel 3. A turbine 7 is installed on the substrate 5 in a rotatable state. The turbine 7 has a rotating shaft 9, and the rotating shaft 9 is rotatably installed on the substrate 5 via a bearing (not shown). A turbine body 11 is fixed to the rotating shaft 9. As shown in FIG. 3, the turbine body 11 is arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction between support plates 13a and 13b installed at both ends in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 3) and the support plates 13a and 13b. The plurality of blades 15 (eight in the case of this embodiment) are configured.
A turbine timing pulley 17 is fixed to the upper end side of the rotating shaft 9 of the turbine 7.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the hydroelectric generator 1 is provided with a generator 19. A generator-side timing pulley 23 is fixed to the tip end side of the input shaft 21 of the generator 19. A timing belt 25 is wound between the turbine side timing pulley 17 and the generator side timing pulley 23.

A casing 31 is installed on the outer peripheral side of the turbine 7 in a state of being fixed to the substrate 5. The casing 31 includes ring-shaped end frame members 33a and 33b installed on both ends in the vertical direction in FIG. 3, and a plurality of (this first embodiment) installed between the end frame members 33a and 33b. In the case of a form, it is comprised from the rib 35 of 4 pieces.
A bracket 32 is provided at the upper end of the casing 31, and the upper end of the rotary shaft 9 already described is rotatably supported by the bracket 32 via a bearing 34.

A screen mechanism 41 is installed on the outer peripheral side of the casing 31 so as to be rotatable with respect to the substrate 5. As shown in FIG. 3, ring-shaped end frame members 43a and 43b are installed on the upper and lower ends of the screen mechanism 41, respectively. A pair of screens 45a and 45b are installed between the end frame members 43a and 43b at positions facing each other by 180 °. Each of these screens 45a and 45b is composed of a screen frame 47 and a plurality of wire rods 49 installed in a lattice pattern inside the screen frame 47.
Further, portions of the screen mechanism 41 other than the portions where the screens 45a and 45b are installed are openings 50a and 50b.

A ring-shaped rack gear 51 is installed at the upper end of the screen mechanism 41 (upper side in FIG. 3). A plurality of teeth 53 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the rack gear 51.
A plurality (four in the case of the first embodiment) of rollers 55 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the end frame member 43a. Similarly, a plurality of (four in the case of the first embodiment) rollers 57 are also installed on the inner peripheral surface of the end frame member 43b. The roller 55 is arranged to roll on the outer peripheral surface of the end frame member 33 a of the casing 31, and the roller 57 rolls on the outer peripheral surface of the end frame member 33 b of the casing 31. Is arranged.
A plurality of spherical rolling elements (not shown) are installed on the lower surface of the lower end frame member 43b of the screen mechanism 41, and the substrate 5 is placed on the substrate 5 via the spherical rolling elements (not shown). It is installed so that it can rotate.

  A screen mechanism drive motor 61 is installed above the screen mechanism 41. A pinion gear 65 is fixed to the output shaft 63 of the screen mechanism drive motor 61. The pinion gear 65 meshes with the rack gear 51 of the screen mechanism 41, and the screen mechanism drive motor 61 causes the screen mechanism 41 to rotate, for example, clockwise in FIG. 2 via the pinion gear 65 and the rack gear 51. Rotated and driven in the direction.

The operation will be described based on the above configuration.
First, the turbine 7 is rotated in the clockwise direction in FIG. 2 by the water flow 71 in the water channel 3. The rotation of the turbine 7 is transmitted to the generator 19 via the turbine side timing pulley 17, the timing belt 25, and the generator side timing pulley 23, and the generator 19 rotates to generate power.
Further, foreign matter 73 such as dust flows from the upstream side (left side in FIG. 1) along the water flow 71, and the inflow of foreign matter 73 such as dust to the turbine 7 side is caused by the screen of the screen mechanism 41. Blocked by 45a (or screen 45b). Foreign matter 73 such as dust collected by the screen 45a (or the screen 45b) flows downstream along the outer periphery of the screen 45a (or the screen 45b).
In addition, some foreign matter 73 such as dust remains collected on the screen 45a (or screen 45b) of the screen mechanism 41, whereby the screen 45a (or screen) of the screen mechanism 41 is retained. 45b) may become clogged.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the screen mechanism 41 is used with the screen 45a facing the upstream side (left side in FIG. 4) and the screen 45b facing the downstream side (right side in FIG. 4). And In this case, the screen 45a prevents foreign matter 73 such as dust flowing from the upstream side (the left side in FIG. 4) from flowing into the turbine 7, but the screen 45a is clogged. There is.

When the screen 45a is clogged, the screen mechanism drive motor 61 rotates the screen mechanism 41 by 180 °, and as shown in FIG. 4B, the screen 45a is moved downstream (right side in FIG. 4). ) To move the screen 45b to the upstream side (left side in FIG. 4).
As a result, foreign matter 73 such as dust collected on the screen 45a is caused to flow downstream by the water flow 71 (right side in FIG. 4) and removed.
Further, when the screen mechanism 45b is clogged, the screen mechanism 41 is similarly rotated by 180 °, and the screen mechanism 45b is moved downstream (right side in FIG. 4) as shown in FIG. )

  Meanwhile, since the water flow 71 is continuously supplied to the turbine 7 side, the power generation by the turbine 7 is not interrupted, and the collection of the foreign matter 73 such as dust by the screen 45a (or the screen 45b) is also continued. Has been done.

Next, the effect of the first embodiment will be described.
First, since the screen mechanism 41 is rotatably installed, by rotating the screen mechanism 41, the clogged screen 45a (or the screen 45b) can be directed downstream (right side in FIG. 4). Thus, the clogging can be easily eliminated.
At that time, the power generation by the turbine 7 is not interrupted.
Moreover, the structure for rotating the screen mechanism 41 is also simple.

Further, since the screens 45a and 45b are disposed at positions facing each other by 180 °, while the screen 45a (or the screen 45b) is directed downstream and the clogging due to the foreign matter 73 is eliminated, the screen 45b (Or the screen 45a) may be directed upstream to continue the function of preventing foreign matter 73 such as dust from entering the turbine 7.
Further, since the screen mechanism 41 is driven by the screen mechanism drive motor 61, the clogging can be easily eliminated.

  The screen mechanism 41 is provided with a roller 55 that rolls on the outer peripheral surface of the end frame member 33a of the casing 31 and a roller 57 that rolls on the outer peripheral surface of the end frame member 33b of the casing 31. In addition, since the spherical rolling elements (not shown) are also installed in the lower end frame member 43b of the screen mechanism 41, the screen mechanism 41 can be smoothly rotated.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The hydroelectric generator according to the second embodiment is also substantially the same in configuration as the hydroelectric generator 1 according to the first embodiment, but the configuration of the screen mechanism 41 in the first embodiment is the same. A partially different screen mechanism 81 is used. This will be described below.
A plurality of screen mechanism driving fins 83 (four in the case of the second embodiment) are installed on the inner peripheral side of the screen mechanism 81 and between the end frame members 43a and 43b. . The screen mechanism 81 is rotated and driven by receiving a water flow by the screen mechanism driving fins 83.

Further, a ring-shaped stopper contact portion mounting member 85 is installed on the upper surface side (upper side in FIG. 5) of the end frame member 43a. A stopper contact portion 87 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the stopper contact portion mounting member 85.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, stoppers 89a and 89b are installed at two positions on the upper side of the screen mechanism 81 facing each other by 180 °. These stoppers 89a and 89b are driven by, for example, a solenoid (not shown) so as to appear and disappear on a track 91 (indicated by phantom lines in FIG. 7) of the stopper contact portion 87 when the screen mechanism 81 is rotated. It is configured.
For example, when the stopper 89a (or the stopper 89b) appears on the track 91 and abuts against the stopper abutting portion 87, the screen mechanism 81 moves the screen 45a (or screen 45b) upstream. Rotation is restricted in the state of facing.

For example, as shown in FIG. 7A, the stopper 89a appears on the track 91 of the stopper abutting member 87 (the state indicated by the solid line in FIG. 7A), and the stopper 89b is moved to the stopper abutting member 87. It is made to evacuate from the above-mentioned track 91 (state shown by a virtual line in Drawing 7 (a)). In this state, the stopper 89a and the stopper abutting portion 87 are in contact with each other, so that the screen mechanism 81 faces the screen 45a upstream (left side in FIG. 7) and the screen 45b downstream (right side in FIG. 7). ) Is restricted from rotating in the state of
In this state, the stopper 89a is retracted from the track 91 (indicated by the phantom line in FIG. 7B), and the stopper 89b appears on the track 91 of the stopper contact member 87 (FIG. 7B). ) (The state indicated by the solid line), and the restriction on the rotation of the screen mechanism 81 is released, and the screen mechanism 81 is rotated in the clockwise direction in FIG. The
Thereafter, the stopper 89b and the stopper abutting portion 87 are brought into contact with each other, and as shown in FIG. 7B, the screen 45b faces the upstream side (left side in FIG. 7) and the screen 45a faces the downstream side (FIG. 7). 7, the rotation of the screen mechanism 81 is restricted.

  Further, in this state, the stopper 89a appears on the track 91 (a state indicated by a solid line in FIG. 7A), and the stopper 89b is retracted from the track 91 of the stopper contact member 87 (FIG. 7 ( a) a state indicated by a phantom line), and the restriction on the rotation of the screen mechanism 81 is released again, and the screen mechanism 81 is rotated clockwise in FIG. Rotated in the direction. Thereafter, the stopper 89a and the stopper abutting portion 87 are brought into contact with each other, and as shown in FIG. 7A, the screen 45a faces the upstream side (left side in FIG. 7) and the screen 45b faces the downstream side (FIG. 7, the rotation of the screen mechanism 81 is restricted.

That is, the screen mechanism 81 is rotated 180 ° by alternately making the stopper 89a and the stopper 89b appear and disappear on the track 91.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the same portions in the drawing, and description thereof is omitted.

The operation will be described based on the above configuration.
As in the case of the first embodiment, the turbine 7 is rotated and driven by the water flow 71 to generate power, and foreign matter such as dust flowing from the upstream side (left side in FIG. 7) by the water flow 71. 73 flows into the turbine 7 side by the screen 45a (or screen 45b) of the screen mechanism 81. Further, normally, the stopper 89a (or the stopper 89b) is in contact with the stopper contact portion 87, so that the screen mechanism 81 is restricted from rotating with the screen 45a (or the screen 45b) facing upstream. It has become.

  Here, for example, as shown in FIG. 7A, the stopper 89a is made to appear on the track 91 of the stopper abutting member 87 (state shown by the solid line in FIG. 7A), and the above The stopper 89b is retracted from the track 91 of the stopper abutting member 87 (indicated by the phantom line in FIG. 7A), and the screen mechanism 81 moves the screen 45a upstream (left side in FIG. 7). Suppose that the rotation is restricted and the screen 45b is directed downstream (right side in FIG. 7). In this case, the screen 45a prevents foreign matter 73 such as dust flowing from the upstream side (left side in FIG. 7) from flowing into the turbine 7, but the screen 45a may be clogged.

When the screen 45a is clogged, the stopper 89a is retracted from the track 91 (the state indicated by the phantom line in FIG. 7B), and the stopper 89b appears on the track 91 ( FIG. 7B shows a state indicated by a solid line. As a result, the restriction on the rotation of the screen mechanism 81 is released, and the screen mechanism 81 is rotated in the clockwise direction in FIG. 7A by receiving the water flow 71 by the screen mechanism driving fins 83. Thereafter, the stopper 89b and the stopper abutting portion 87 are brought into contact with each other, and as shown in FIG. 7B, the screen 45b faces the upstream side (left side in FIG. 7) and the screen 45a faces the downstream side (FIG. 7). 7, the rotation of the screen mechanism 81 is restricted.
When the screen mechanism 81 is thus rotated, the foreign matter 73 such as dust collected on the screen 45a is caused to flow downstream by the water flow 71 (right side in FIG. 7) and removed.

Thereafter, when the screen mechanism 45b is clogged, the stopper 89a appears on the track 91 (a state indicated by a solid line in FIG. 7A) and the stopper 89b is moved from the track 91. Evacuate (state shown by phantom line in FIG. 7A). Accordingly, the restriction on the rotation of the screen mechanism 81 is released, and the screen mechanism 81 is rotated in the clockwise direction in FIG. 7B by receiving the water flow 71 by the screen mechanism driving fin 83. Thereafter, the stopper 89a and the stopper abutting portion 87 are brought into contact with each other, and as shown in FIG. 7, the rotation of the screen mechanism 81 is restricted.
When the screen mechanism 81 is thus rotated, foreign matter 73 such as dust collected on the screen 45b is caused to flow downstream by the water flow 71 (right side in FIG. 7) and removed.

  As in the case of the first embodiment, since the water flow 71 always passes through the turbine 7 side, the power generation by the turbine 7 is not interrupted.

  According to the second embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the screen mechanism 81 can be rotated and driven by receiving the water flow 71 by the screen mechanism driving fins 83. As a result, the screen mechanism drive motor required in the case of the first embodiment is not required, the configuration can be simplified and the energy consumption can be reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments.
First, in the first and second embodiments, an example in which a vertical turbine or a screen mechanism is employed has been described, but the present invention can be similarly applied to a horizontal type. In this case, the turbine rotates with the horizontal axis stopped like a water wheel, and the screen mechanism also rotates about the horizontal axis.
Further, the configuration of the turbine itself (other configurations such as blade shape) is not particularly limited.
Also, the driving system of each part is illustrated as an example. For example, the driving of the pinion is not directly connected to the motor, and a pulley and a belt may be interposed. Various other driving methods are conceivable.
In the first embodiment, the pinion gear is rotated by the screen mechanism driving motor. However, the pinion gear may be rotated by a manual handle.
Further, in the second embodiment, the stopper is moved in and out by the solenoid, but this may be performed manually.
Also, various cases are conceivable, such as when the screen is installed all around the screen mechanism, or when the screen is installed in four directions.
Further, for example, the screen mechanism is rotated every 90 ° to move the foreign matter collected on the screen to the side surface side (direction perpendicular to the water flow) of the screen mechanism so that the foreign matter flows by the water flow. It is also conceivable to eliminate the clogging of the screen.
Even when the screen mechanism is rotated by a motor, a case where a stopper and a stopper contact portion are provided is conceivable.
Various cases can be considered for the number, shape, position, and the like of each component.
In addition, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated configuration, and various modifications can be considered.

  The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation apparatus, and more particularly to a device that is devised so that clogging of a screen can be easily eliminated with a simple configuration without interrupting power generation. It is suitable for a small hydroelectric power generation device.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydroelectric generator 7 Turbine 19 Generator 41 Screen mechanism 45a Screen 45b Screen 61 Screen mechanism drive motor 81 Screen mechanism 83 Screen mechanism drive fin 89a Stopper 89b Stopper

Claims (4)

A turbine that is rotated and driven by a water stream;
A generator driven by the turbine;
A screen mechanism installed on the outer peripheral side of the turbine so as to be rotatable independently of the turbine and for collecting foreign matter such as dust;
Comprising
The screen mechanism is stopped at all times, and when foreign matter such as dust is accumulated, the screen mechanism is rotated so that the foreign matter such as dust deposited on the screen flows downstream. apparatus. The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1,
The screen of the said screen mechanism is installed in two places which oppose 180 degrees, The hydroelectric generator characterized by the above-mentioned. The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 or 2,
A hydroelectric generator characterized in that foreign matter such as dust accumulated on the screen is caused to flow downstream by rotating the screen mechanism with a motor. The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 or 2,
The screen mechanism is provided with screen mechanism driving fins,
The rotation is always restricted by the stopper,
A hydroelectric generator characterized in that foreign matter such as dust accumulated on the screen is caused to flow downstream by removing the stopper and rotating the screen mechanism by the action of the screen mechanism driving fins.

Images