JP2012215023A - Method for accelerating natural plant invasion using a plurality of biodegradable fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for accelerating natural plant invasion, capable of collecting a wide variety sizes of seeds dispersing in the natural environment onto an uneven surface.SOLUTION: Vegetation soil with no seeds is created on a slope face or an inclined plane G' to be planted. Mulching materials 1 composed of a plurality of biodegradable fibers 2 are sterically arranged on the surface of the created vegetation base, so that a three-dimensional uneven structure is formed.

Description

  The present invention creates a three-dimensional concavo-convex surface on the vegetation soil surface suitable for the growth of native species on slopes and natural slopes generated by construction work, landscaping business or the establishment of agricultural roads, forest roads, etc. This facilitates the invasion of herbs and trees from the surroundings.

  In general, from the viewpoint of biodiversity conservation, in recent years, from the rapid greening by exogenous gramineous plants that have been used to control surface erosion on the slopes and slopes of interest, the surrounding forests, etc. Greening techniques to capture the seeds scattered from the environment and restore the natural environment have been carried out. In this way, when seeds scattered from the surrounding area are captured and planted, the methods include the installation of nets and mats such as polyester with bags containing fertilizers, and organic vegetation platforms that do not contain seeds. There are methods to spray on slopes and slopes.

  And the natural invasion promotion method in the conventional slope planting is a method of planting with seeds flying from the surrounding vegetation to the slope, a method of installing a net with a fertilizer bag, a vegetation base material that does not mix seeds There is a method of spraying.

  Firstly, in the method of laying a net with a fertilizer bag, the product “Torai Station 1: Nippon Vegetation Co., Ltd.” with a vegetation bag and a fertilizer bag attached to a three-dimensional double knitted net, : Ron Thai Co., Ltd., "Easter Mat: Nissin Sangyo Co., Ltd."

  Secondly, in the method of spraying a vegetation base that does not contain seeds alone, the seeds do not stop at an inclined slope, so a fence or a linear object can be used together on the sprayed vegetation base. There are cases where a thick three-dimensional net is laid on a vegetation substrate that does not contain seeds.

  Thirdly, there is a technique called mulching to protect the slope. Malting is a technique that covers the surface of the field with paper or plastic film, etc., and has the function of controlling the soil temperature and suppressing moisture evaporation from the soil, and is often used in the agricultural field. The technique of spraying straw on the surface of the slope has also existed for a long time. There is a technology that uses a machine called a multisprayer.

Invention of JP 2002-281820 A Invention of JP 2009-62758 A Invention of JP 09-263760 Invention of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-181779

However, in the above-mentioned conventional method of spraying plant nutrients onto the surface of the vegetation base, it is necessary to adjust the spraying amount during construction in order to leave some gaps so as to create complex irregularities on the surface of the vegetation base Therefore, the method for suppressing the degradation rate of the fibers is also processed for materials that are rapidly decomposed, and are not a combination of different fibers.
A shape in which the cocoon bundle is arranged in a frame shape has been devised, but it does not form fine irregularities on the surface.
In addition, the nets and mats such as polyester with a general fertilizer bag have no function to prevent the erosion of the target slope and slope until the plant grows, so weathering and erosion do not expand. There is a background that had to be applied to the slope. In addition, since a period of at least 1 to 3 years is necessary for the growth of native vegetation, it has been a problem that the state where the net and the mat can be seen continues for a long time. On the other hand, when spraying an organic vegetation base that does not contain seeds without using a net or mat on the slope or slope of the target, if the slope is steep, the seeds are difficult to settle and scattered seeds. It is also a problem that it is scattered around.
Against this background, there has been a demand for a method for promoting natural invasion that allows large seeds scattered from the natural environment to small seeds to be collected widely on uneven surfaces.

  Therefore, in the present invention, by creating a three-dimensional concavo-convex structure by spraying a plurality of biodegradable materials having different decomposition speeds on the organic vegetation soil upper surface on which native plants tend to grow, The conventional problems were solved and the object of the invention was achieved.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, in a natural invasion promoting method using a plurality of biodegradable fibers, a green vegetation soil not containing seeds is formed on a slope or a slope to be replanted, and the surface of the vegetation soil thus formed On the other hand, a three-dimensional concavo-convex structure is formed by three-dimensionally forming mulching material fibers composed of a plurality of biodegradable fibers.

  The second aspect of the present invention is a natural invasion promoting method using a plurality of biodegradable fibers according to the first aspect of the present invention, in order to realize the formation of a three-dimensional uneven structure, a plurality of mulching material fibers. This is for changing the blending ratio of biodegradable fiber and spraying.

  A third aspect of the present invention is a natural invasion promoting method using a plurality of biodegradable fibers according to the first invention, wherein a plurality of biodegradable fibers that become mulching material fibers used to create a three-dimensional uneven structure. The fibers are Shimomo to control the duration of the structure because each of them has a different degradation rate in nature.

  4th of this invention is a seed of the structure which has a three-dimensional uneven structure with the several biodegradable fiber used as a mulching material fiber in the natural penetration | invasion promotion construction method using the several biodegradable fiber based on 1st invention. Vegetation soil that does not contain soil is considered to be a suitable soil base for the growth of native species

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the natural invasion promoting method using a plurality of biodegradable fibers according to the first invention, a plurality of biodegradable fibers having different degradation rates, which become mulching material fibers, are used. The uneven shape changes so that various plant communities can be easily formed.

  6th of this invention is the natural penetration | invasion promotion construction method using the several biodegradable fiber which concerns on 1st invention, The conventional nature of the lower surface of several biodegradable fiber from which the degradation rate used as a mulching material fiber differs As for the soil in which the plant of this plant is easy to grow, it uses a vegetation base having a pH of 5.5 to 6.5 and a base saturation of 80% or less at a pH similar to that of forest soil. In order to achieve such a soil, peat, grass charcoal, peat moss, coco pate, and artificial humus made by immersing organic materials in extremely acidic vinegar are mixed with bark compost, which is organic materials. It is what I did.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects are obtained. In other words, by spraying multiple biodegradable fibers with different degradation rates onto the surface of organic vegetation soil that does not contain seeds, the vegetation soil surface created on the uneven surface by spraying on the slope or slope is protected from rainfall and wind. I can protect it.
The duration of the effect can be easily controlled by changing the blending ratio of a plurality of biodegradable fibers having different degradation rates within a range of 0 to 100%.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a method of spraying a plurality of biodegradable fibers having different vegetation soils and decomposition rates has an advantage that a machine utilized in a normal tree planting method can be used.
In addition, according to the second aspect of the present invention, by injecting a plurality of biodegradable fibers having different decomposition speeds onto the surface of vegetation soil not mixed with seeds to form an uneven structure surface, invasion of seeds flying from the periphery is prevented In addition to the ease, innumerable pocket shapes are formed, and the fixing property is improved. There is an effect that it is possible to confirm that the nuts with a length of about L = 2 cm are left on the slope even when the slope is 60 ° at the maximum.
Next, according to the third aspect of the present invention, as a biodegradable fiber, straw, jute, palm, corn, sugarcane, bamboo, wood and the like are crushed and processed into a fiber length of 4 to 5 cm at maximum or a paper shredder It is possible to use lint such as scraps, safety rope shears, biodegradable plastic fibers, cotton, silk and wool.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the biodegradable fiber is sprayed, it can be efficiently seeded by using a dedicated spraying machine (hydrocedar) using a hydraulic pressure using a pump, but using compressed air. The vegetation substrate spraying machine is effective for sowing.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, by using a plurality of biodegradable fibers having different decomposition rates, it is easy to form various plant communities by changing the fine uneven shape.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in a soil in which native plants on the lower surfaces of a plurality of biodegradable fibers having different degradation rates are likely to grow, the pH is 5.5 to 5.5 with a chemical property close to that of forest soil. 6.5, using a vegetation base with a base saturation of 80% or less. To realize such a soil, peat, grass charcoal, peat moss, coco pate, and artificial humus made by immersing organic materials in extremely acidic vinegar are mixed with bark compost, which is organic materials. It is effective.

It is a schematic diagram of a slope according to the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the fixation or germination state of a plant seed on the slope of FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2. It is a schematic diagram of the slope which concerns on the weir member used for implementation of an Example. It is a front view which shows an example of the dam member used for implementation of this invention. It is a front view which shows the other example of FIG. It is a front view which shows the other example of FIG. It is a perspective view of the seed guide member used for implementation of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of FIG.

  In the present invention, it is possible to control the time required for decomposition to become soil by changing the blending amount of a plurality of biodegradable fibers having different decomposition rates.

    In addition, in order to establish and grow more reliably than seeds brought on the slope by wind, rain, birds, and other animals from the plants on and around the slope, the growth environment of the plant provided on the slope is prepared. It is also effective to improve the seed growth effect and efficiently plant the slope by inducing and collecting in the grown part.

  Specifically, a long guide member in which the seed guiding portion leading to the growing portion extends obliquely upward along the slope from the growing portion (a cross-section opening to the mountain side along the slope, a U shape or a semicircular shape in cross section) It is desirable to construct a slope greening structure with

  The growing part where the growth environment is adjusted is a weir member installed in a substantially V shape, a substantially U shape, or a substantially U shape in plan view that opens on the slope mountain side, and a sandwich angle that opens on the slope mountain side of the weir member With a vegetation base that is constructed in the area, and a structure of a green soil that does not contain seeds that have been sprayed thickly and a plurality of biodegradable fibers formed in three dimensions. is there.

  Next, examples of the present invention will be described. 1 is a mulching material fiber. In this case, mulching means the technique of covering the surface of the field with paper or plastic film, etc., and has the function of controlling the soil temperature and suppressing moisture evaporation from the soil, and is often used in the agricultural field. There is also a conventional technique for spraying straw on the slope surface. 2 is a plurality of biodegradable fibers for forming the mulching material fiber 1, specifically, cracking straw, jute, palm, corn, sugarcane, bamboo, wood, etc., and a fiber shape of 4-5 cm at the longest It is possible to use lint such as processed paper, paper shredder scraps, safety rope shears, biodegradable plastic fibers, cotton, silk, wool.

Reference numeral 3 denotes an adhesive material, a solidifying material, or a polymer resin for adhering a plurality of biodegradable fibers 2 in order to form the mulching material fiber 1. 4 'is a conveyor for transporting the mulching material fiber 1 to the sprayer 6, 5 is a truck, 6 is a wet spraying machine (hydroseeder), 7 is a switchboard, 8 is a generator, 9 is a compressor, 10 is water 1 is a water tank, 12 is an injection nozzle for spraying the mulching material 1 onto an object, G is the ground, G 'is a slope or slope, and S is vegetation soil (no seed contamination).
In the figure, a is a flying cotton seed or other plant seed, in FIG. 2, a ″ is germinated from an established plant seed, a ′ is a seedling grown from germination a ″, and in FIG. 3, a ″ is a vegetation base plant seeds fixing the uneven structure surface formed of a biodegradable fibers 2 formed S, a ⁿ denotes the seeds with a cotton.

  5 to 10, 13 is a seed guiding member, 14 (14a, 14b, 14c) is a weir member, 16 is a seed guide member, and 17 is a receiving tool.

The seed guide member 13 and the weir member 14 may have a shape that holds the vegetation soil thick on the slope 16 and is installed with a metal net or the like having a maximum height of about 30 cm. 5-7 is the schematic which shows the modification of a dam member. 5 shows a substantially U-shaped weir member 14 in plan view that opens on the slope mountain side, FIG. 6 shows a substantially U-shaped weir member 14 in plan view that opens on the slope mountain side, and FIG. 7 shows a plan view on the slope mountain side. A substantially straight weir member 14 is shown.
The material of the weir member 14 is preferably made of an effective or non-perforated flat plate or a fence body in addition to the metal mesh plate. In addition to the plate material, the weir member 14 is made of a three-dimensionally assembled member such as a box. Also good. Furthermore, although it was made of metal in this embodiment, materials such as wood and synthetic resin can be used alone or in combination.
The seed guide member 15a is semicircular in cross section that opens to the mountain side along the slope, and has a width of about 10 cm and a length of about 1 m. The seed guide member 15a can be made thicker or longer depending on conditions. The guide member 15a may improve the weather resistance by covering the guide member made of bamboo, wood, or vinyl chloride resin with an acrylic resin having excellent weather resistance.
The guide member 15a is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 8, and can be produced in any shape. FIG. 9 is a view showing a modification of the shape of the seed guide member, FIG. 9 shows a guide member 15b having a substantially concave cross section, and FIG. 10 shows a seed guide member 15c having a plate-like body. . In the plate-shaped seed guide member 15 c, the tip of the receiving member 17 is embedded and fixed in the inclined surface 16. In addition, the specific dimension of these seed guide members is not specifically limited, It can adjust suitably according to the application place, aspect, etc.

  Since the seed guide member 15 (15a, 15b, 15c) can be formed on the uneven structure surface by the mulching material 1 sprayed on the surface of the vegetation soil S, the effect of catching plant seeds flying from the periphery can be exhibited. In order to further enhance the effect, plant seeds can be effectively collected by providing on the surface of the mulching material 1.

"Specific implementation process"
In the above embodiment, the mulching material 1 sprayed on the surface of the vegetation soil S not containing the seed a is mixed with a plurality of biodegradable fibers 2 having different decomposition rates and an adhesive material, a solidifying material, or a polymer resin 3. Create with things.

  Next, the mulching material fiber 1 is conveyed to a wet sprayer 6 by conveyors 4 and 4 '. And the spraying of the mulching material 1 is performed toward the vegetation base S using a system in which the generator 8, the pumping pump 9, the water tank 10, the compressor 11 and the sprayer 6 and the spray nozzle 12 are combined. An uneven structure surface is formed.

  In the state of the above paragraph “0027”, seeds with cotton and other plant seeds s flying in the air settle on the concavo-convex structure surface, germinate a ″ over the period, and grow on the seedling a ′.

  Since the present invention can help the invasion and settlement of grass or wood from the surroundings on slopes and slopes that are severely eroded by wind and rain, it can stably restore natural vegetation. Can be expected.

1 ... Mulching material 2 ... Multiple biodegradable fibers 3 ... Adhesive material, solidifying material, polymer resin 4 ... Conveyor 4 '... Conveyor 5 ... Track 6 ... Spraying machine (Hydro seeder)
7 ... Switchboard 8 ... Generator 9 ... Compressor 10 ... Water pumping pump 11 ... Water tank 12 ... Injection nozzle a ... Plant seed G ... Ground G '... Slope and slope S ... Vegetation soil (No seed mixing)
13 ... Seed guiding member 14 ... Weir member (14a, 14b, 14c)
15 ... Seed guide member (15a, 15b, 15c)
16 …… Wire

Claims (6)

  By creating a greening vegetation base that does not contain seeds on the slope or slope to be replanted, and forming three-dimensional mulching material fibers consisting of multiple biodegradable fibers on the surface of the vegetation soil A natural invasion promotion method using a plurality of biodegradable fibers, characterized by forming a three-dimensional uneven structure.   The plurality of biodegradable materials according to claim 1, wherein the composition ratio of the plurality of biodegradable fibers used as the mulching material fibers is changed in the range of 0 to 100% and sprayed in order to realize a three-dimensional uneven structure. Natural invasion promotion method using fiber.   The plurality of biodegradable fibers used as a mulching material fiber used to create a three-dimensional concavo-convex structure can control the continuation time of the concavo-convex structure because each of them has a different degradation speed in nature. Natural invasion promotion method using multiple biodegradable fibers.   2. The plurality of biodegradations according to claim 1, wherein the vegetation soil that does not include seeds having a three-dimensional uneven structure by a plurality of biodegradable fibers serving as mulching material fibers is a soil base suitable for the growth of native species. A natural invasion promotion method using synthetic fibers.   2. The plurality of biodegradations according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of biodegradable fibers having different degradation speeds to be mulching material fibers are used to change the fine irregularities so as to easily form various plant communities. A natural invasion promotion method using synthetic fibers. For soils where native plants on the underside of multiple biodegradable fibers with different degradation rates that become mulching material fibers are likely to grow, the pH is 5.5 to 6.5 at a chemical property similar to forest soil. The vegetation base has a base saturation of 80% or less. To realize such a soil, peat, grass charcoal, peat moss, coco pate, and artificial humus made by immersing organic materials in extremely acidic vinegar are mixed with bark compost, which is organic materials. A natural invasion promoting method using a plurality of biodegradable fibers according to claim 1.