JP2012207490A - Construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce noise emission while eliminating an adverse effect a machine receives due to exhaust gas.SOLUTION: A hollow ring-shaped part 25 with a top surface wall 22, an under surface wall 23, and a side wall 24 is provided near a center corresponding to a revolution gear wheel 13 in a car body 7 of an undercarriage 1. Through holes 26 and 27 are provided in the inside part of the revolution gear wheel 13 near the center of an upper frame 10 and in the top surface wall 22 of the ring-shaped part 25, respectively, while an exhaust port 29 outward opened is provided in the side wall 24 of the ring-shaped part 25, and a discharge passage bent in an L-shape is formed for discharging exhaust gas and noises released from an engine 18, related equipment, and the like to the outside.

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine having an improved structure for discharging exhaust and noise from an engine or the like from a lower traveling body to the outside.

  The background art will be described using an excavator as an example.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the excavator is mounted on a crawler-type lower traveling body 1 so that an upper swing body 2 can swing around an axis O which is perpendicular to the ground. A work attachment 6 including a boom 3, an arm 4 and a bucket 5 is mounted.

  As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the lower traveling body 1 is configured by attaching a crawler frame (only one side is illustrated) 8 to the left and right sides of the car body 7 and attaching the crawler 9 to the crawler frame 8.

  The upper swing body 2 has an upper frame 10 as a base, and a cabin 11 is installed on the left side of the front portion of the upper frame 10 and a counterweight 12 is installed on the rear end thereof.

  In this specification, “front and rear” for the lower traveling body 1 refers to the traveling (forward and backward) direction of the lower traveling body 1, and “left and right” refers to a direction orthogonal to this. Further, “front and rear” and “left and right” of the upper swing body 2 refer to the direction seen from the operator seated in the cabin 11.

  The car body 7 of the lower traveling body 1 and the upper frame 10 of the upper revolving structure 2 are connected by a revolving gear 13 near the center of each other, and this revolving gear 13, a pinion 14 that meshes with the revolving gear 13, and the pinion 14 are driven. The upper swing body 2 is driven to swing by a swing unit including a swing motor (hydraulic motor or electric motor) 15.

  In FIGS. 12 and 13, reference numeral 13 a denotes a turning gear outer ring attached to the lower surface of the upper frame 10, and 13 b denotes a turning gear inner ring attached to the upper surface of the car body 7.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a partition plate 16 extending in the left-right direction is provided behind the cabin 11 in the upper frame 10, and an engine room 17 formed between the partition plate 16 and the counterweight 12. Further, an engine 18 as a power source and related equipment (a hydraulic pump 19, a radiator 20, and a cooling fan 21 are shown in FIG. 11) are installed.

  During operation of this excavator, part of the exhaust and noise emitted from the engine 18 and the like is also released to the front of the engine room 17 through piping and wiring holes and gaps provided at various locations of the partition plate 16. Therefore, it is necessary to discharge this to the outside.

  In view of this, there has been proposed a technique for discharging the exhaust gas and noise (hereinafter sometimes collectively referred to as exhaust gas or the like) through a route passing through the car body 7 (see Patent Document 1).

  In this known technique, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, in the vicinity of the center of the car body 7 corresponding to the turning gear 13, an upper surface wall 22, a lower surface wall 23 facing the upper surface wall 22 with a space therebetween, and both A hollow ring-shaped portion 25 having a side wall 24 provided therebetween is formed, and through holes 26 and 27 are formed in a portion surrounded by the turning gear 13 in the upper frame 10 and an upper surface wall 22 of the ring-shaped portion 25. And a discharge port 29 is provided in the lower wall 23.

  Thus, the ring-shaped portion 25, the through holes 26, 27, and the discharge port 29 form a straight discharge path extending in the vertical direction, and the exhaust discharged to the front of the engine room is directly directed from the discharge path toward the ground. It is configured to discharge.

JP 2009-144510 A

  However, according to the above-mentioned known technique, exhaust gas and the like are almost directly resistancelessly expelled directly to the ground, so that dust and dust on the ground are wound up by exhaust air and sucked into the engine room 17 from an intake port (not shown). The radiator 20 may be clogged, or the exhausted hot air may be trapped in the space on the lower surface of the car body, which may adversely affect the environment around the machine.

  In addition, the turning unit also emits a rotating sound and a meshing sound (turning noise) during operation, and a through hole 27 and a discharge port 29 are provided in the upper surface wall 22 and the lower surface wall 23 of the ring-shaped portion 25 near the turning noise source. As a result, the total noise becomes high, and the noise is discharged downward with almost no resistance.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a construction machine that can prevent adverse effects on the machine due to exhaust and can reduce exhaust noise.

  As means for solving the above problems, in the present invention, the upper swing body is mounted on the lower traveling body, and the car body of the lower traveling body and the upper frame of the upper swing body are in the vicinity of the center of each other. The engine and its related devices are installed at the rear of the upper frame, and an upper surface wall and a space between the upper surface wall and the upper wall are located near the center of the car body corresponding to the swirl gear. In a construction machine provided with a hollow ring-shaped portion having a lower wall facing each other and a side wall provided therebetween, a portion of the upper frame surrounded by the turning gear, and the car body A through hole is formed in the upper surface wall of the ring-shaped part, and a discharge port that opens to the outside is provided in the side wall of the ring-shaped part. It is obtained by forming a discharge path refracted in an L shape for discharging exhaust and noise emitted from an exhaust source and noise source such as the engine and its associated equipment to the outside.

  According to this configuration, a discharge port is provided on the side wall of the ring-shaped portion, and a discharge path refracted in an L shape is formed to discharge exhaust gas and the like in the horizontal direction. Can be prevented.

  Further, by discharging the exhaust gas in the horizontal direction, it is possible to suppress the hot air from staying in the space below the car body and to suppress adverse effects on the surrounding environment.

  On the other hand, since the discharge path is refracted into an L shape, noise can be attenuated first by reflection on the discharge path, and second, “direct sound” radiated directly from the turning noise source. By being able to suppress, discharge noise can be reduced.

  In the present invention, the discharge port may be provided so as to open in one front-rear direction when the traveling direction of the lower traveling body is front and rear (Claim 2), or the traveling direction of the lower traveling body is front-rear. The opening may be provided in a plurality of directions (claim 3).

  According to the latter configuration, the total exhaust opening area can be increased, and exhaust and noise can be distributed and discharged, so that adverse effects due to exhaust and noise around the machine and the machine can be further reduced.

  Further, in the present invention, a shielding plate is provided on the inner peripheral side of the ring-shaped portion of the car body to block the exhaust and noise paths directly from the inner space of the ring-shaped portion to the discharge port and guide the detour route. (Claim 4).

  According to this configuration, it is possible to further enhance the noise reduction effect by increasing the direct sound suppression effect and by promoting the reflection and attenuation of the sound by taking the entire length of the discharge path.

  In this case, it is desirable that the shielding plate be provided in a state where a spiral detour route is formed around the entire circumference of the ring-shaped portion with the side wall of the ring-shaped portion.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to further enhance the effect of suppressing direct sound and the effect of sound reflection and attenuation due to the fact that the overall length of the discharge path can be maximized.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, it is desirable to provide a sound absorbing material at a position avoiding the through hole and the discharge port on the inner surface of the ring-shaped portion.

  In this way, the sound absorption effect of the sound absorbing material is added to the sound reflection and attenuation effects on the discharge path, and the effect of reducing ambient noise can be further reduced.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent adverse effects on the machine due to exhaust, and to reduce exhaust noise.

It is a partial cross section side view of the shovel which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1. It is a perspective view of the lower traveling body of the shovel according to the embodiment. It is a partial cross section side view of the shovel which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the VV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5 of an excavator according to a third embodiment of the present invention. It is a partial cross section side view of the shovel which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is the VIII-VIII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FIG. 9 is a view corresponding to FIG. 8 of an excavator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic side view of an excavator. It is an expansion schematic plan view of an excavator. It is a partial cross section side view of the shovel which shows a well-known technique. FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 12.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the embodiment, an excavator is applied to the background art.

  In each embodiment, the following point is the same as the known technique shown in FIGS.

  (i) As shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 7, an upper swing body 2 is mounted on a crawler-type lower traveling body 1 so as to be rotatable around an axis O perpendicular to the ground. The work attachment 6 provided with the boom 3, the arm 4, and the bucket 5 is attached to the front part of 2, and the excavator is configured.

  (ii) The upper swing body 2 has an upper frame 10 as a base, and a cabin 11 is installed on the left side of the front portion of the upper frame 10 and a counterweight 12 is installed on the rear end portion thereof.

  (iii) The car body 7 of the lower traveling body 1 and the upper frame 10 of the upper revolving structure 2 are connected by a revolving gear 13 (in FIGS. 1 and 2, 13a is an outer ring and 13b is an inner ring) near each other. The upper swing body 2 is swiveled by a swivel unit including the swivel gear 13, a pinion 14 that meshes with the swivel gear 13, and a swivel motor (hydraulic motor or electric motor) 15 that drives the pinion 14.

  (iv) A partition plate 16 extending in the left-right direction is provided behind the cabin 11 in the upper frame 10, and an engine 18 as a power source is provided in an engine room 17 formed between the partition plate 16 and the counterweight 12. The related equipment (hydraulic pump, radiator, cooling fan, etc.) is installed.

  (v) As a configuration for discharging exhaust and noise released forward from the engine room 17 to the outside during operation, an upper surface wall 22 and the upper surface wall in the vicinity of the center corresponding to the swivel gear 13 in the car body 7 22 is formed with a ring-shaped portion 25 having a lower surface wall 23 facing the space 22 and a side wall 24 provided therebetween, and a portion surrounded by the swivel gear 13 in the upper frame 10 and the ring-shaped portion. The point which provides the through holes 26 and 27 in the upper surface wall 22 of the part 25. FIG.

  In each embodiment, while closing the lower surface wall 23 of the ring-shaped part 25 in a well-known technique, the side wall 24 is provided with the discharge port 29 opened to the outside.

  Thus, the ring-shaped portion 25, the through holes 26 and 27, and the exhaust port 29 constitute an exhaust path that is refracted into an L shape that exhausts the exhaust gas and noise emitted from the engine room 17 to the outside. It is trying to discharge horizontally.

1st Embodiment (refer FIGS. 1-3)
In the first embodiment, the discharge port 29 is provided only on one side in the front-rear direction, for example, the rear side when the original forward side of the lower traveling body 1 is the front side, and constitutes one L-shaped discharge path, It is configured to exhaust the exhaust and the like backward.

  Further, a sound absorbing material 30 (shown only in FIG. 2) is provided at a position avoiding the through hole 27 and the discharge port 29 on the inner surface of the ring-shaped portion 25.

  According to this configuration, exhaust and the like are discharged in the horizontal direction by the discharge path refracted into an L shape, and therefore, the dust and dust can be prevented from being wound due to the exhaust air and the radiator can be prevented from being clogged.

  Further, by discharging the exhaust gas in the horizontal direction, it is possible to suppress the hot air from staying in the space below the car body and to suppress adverse effects on the surrounding environment.

  On the other hand, since the discharge path is refracted into an L shape, first, noise can be actively reflected and attenuated in the discharge path.

  Second, since the turning unit that is the turning noise source is not directly visible from the outside through the discharge port 29, the “direct sound” directly radiated to the outside from the turning unit can be suppressed.

  Third, the sound absorbing effect by the sound absorbing material 30 can be obtained in the entire ring-shaped portion 25.

  With these three points, the discharge noise can be reduced as compared with the known technique.

  In addition, the lower surface wall 23 of the ring-shaped part 25 may be configured to be closed from the beginning by a single plate as shown in the figure, or when it is necessary to provide an opening in the lower surface wall 23 for the convenience of processing or assembly, The opening may be closed with a cover plate after finishing.

Second embodiment (see FIGS. 4 and 5)
In the following second to fifth embodiments, only differences from the first embodiment will be described.

  In the second embodiment, on the premise of the configuration of the first embodiment, an arc-shaped shielding plate 31 is provided facing the discharge port 29 at a position facing the discharge port 29 on the inner peripheral side of the ring-shaped portion 25. The shielding plate 31 blocks the exhaust and noise paths directly from the internal space of the ring-shaped portion 25 toward the discharge port 29, and guides the discharge port 29 along a route that bypasses the shield plate 31.

  By doing so, the shielding plate 31 shields the line connecting the discharge port 29 and the swivel unit, so that the direct sound suppression effect is enhanced, and the length of the discharge path is increased to promote the reflection and attenuation of the sound. The noise reduction effect can be further enhanced.

  Although not shown in the drawings, also in the second embodiment and third to fifth embodiments described later, a sound absorbing material is provided on the inner surface of the ring-shaped portion 25 as in the first embodiment.

Third embodiment (see FIG. 6)
In the third embodiment, as a configuration that enhances the shielding effect of the second embodiment, a spiral detour route that extends around the entire circumference of the ring-shaped portion 25 is formed between the shielding plate 32 and the side wall 24 of the ring-shaped portion 25. It is provided in the state. Reference numeral 32 a denotes a partition wall provided between one end portion of the shielding plate 32 in the circumferential direction and the side wall 24 in order to partition the start point and end point of the spiral.

  In this way, exhaust gas or the like that has entered the ring-shaped portion 25 is forced to pass through a long spiral detour route centered on the center of the ring-shaped portion 25. In other words, the entire length of the discharge path is maximized. Since it can be made longer, reflection and attenuation of sound are further promoted.

  Further, since the line connecting the turning unit and the discharge port 29 can be almost completely blocked by the shielding plate 32, the effect of suppressing the direct sound is further enhanced.

  On the other hand, as for exhaust, since the resistance of exhaust air increases by passing through a long detour route and the flow velocity is weakened, the effect of preventing the dust and dust from rolling up on the ground becomes higher.

Fourth embodiment (see FIGS. 7 and 8)
In the fourth embodiment, the discharge ports 29 are provided at a total of four locations on the front and rear sides and on the left and right sides of the side wall 24 so that exhaust and the like are discharged in a distributed manner in the front and rear and left and right directions.

  In this way, the total area of the discharge ports 29, that is, the total exhaust opening area can be increased, and exhaust and noise can be distributed and discharged, further reducing adverse effects due to exhaust and noise around the machine and the machine. can do.

Fifth embodiment (see FIG. 9)
In the fifth embodiment, on the premise of the configuration of the fourth embodiment, a shielding plate 33 is provided for each outlet 29.

  As shown in the figure, each shielding plate 33 is provided so as to face each discharge port 29. As a result, the outlet of exhaust etc. between the shielding plates 33 and the discharge port 29. Positional relationship.

  With this configuration, the effect of reducing noise and preventing the hoisting is further enhanced by the synergistic effect of the dispersion effect of exhaust by providing the exhaust ports 29 in the front and rear, left and right, and the detour effect of exhaust by the shielding plate 33.

  By the way, the discharge ports 29 may be provided on both the front and rear sides or both the left and right sides of the side wall 24 of the ring-shaped portion 25, and may be provided not only in the front and rear direction or the left and right direction but also obliquely forward or obliquely rearward.

  Alternatively, in addition to the discharge port 29 on the side wall 24, a discharge port may be provided on the lower surface wall 24. Even in this case, compared to the known technique provided only on the lower wall 24, the downward exhaust and noise are greatly reduced, so that it is possible to suppress the adverse effect of the dust and the like on the machine and the like due to the exhaust air. The basic objectives of can be achieved.

  Further, the present invention is not limited to a hydraulic excavator, and other construction machines (such as a demolition machine or a crusher) in which an upper swing body is mounted on a lower traveling body to form a base machine and an engine room is provided on the upper swing body. The same can be applied to the above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lower traveling body 2 Upper turning body 7 Car body of lower traveling body 8 Same, crawler frame 9 Same, crawler 10 Upper frame of upper turning body 13 Turning gear 17 Engine room 18 Engine 19 Hydraulic pump 20 which is engine related equipment Radiator 21 Same as above, Cooling fan 22 Upper surface wall constituting ring-shaped part 23 Same as lower surface wall 24 Same as side wall 25 Ring-shaped part 26 Through hole in upper frame 27 Through hole in upper surface wall of ring-shaped part 29 Discharge port 30 Sound absorbing material 31 , 32, 33 Shield plate

Claims (6)

  An upper revolving unit is mounted on the lower traveling unit, and the car body of the lower traveling unit and the upper frame of the upper revolving unit are connected to each other near the center of each other by a revolving gear that constitutes a revolving unit. While the engine and related equipment are installed at the rear, an upper surface wall and a lower surface wall facing the upper surface wall with a space therebetween are provided between the two in the vicinity of the center of the car body corresponding to the turning gear. In a construction machine provided with a hollow ring-shaped portion having a side wall, a through hole is provided in a portion surrounded by the swivel gear in the upper frame and an upper surface wall of the ring-shaped portion in the car body In addition, an exhaust port that opens to the outside is provided on the side wall of the ring-shaped part, and the ring-shaped part, the through hole, and the exhaust port make it possible to provide exhaust sources and noise of the engine and related devices. Construction machine, characterized in that the formation of the refracted exhaust passage in an L shape for discharging the released exhaust and noise to the outside from.   2. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port is provided to open in one front-rear direction when the traveling direction of the lower traveling body is front-rear.   2. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port is provided to open in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction when the traveling direction of the lower traveling body is the front-rear direction.   A shielding plate is provided on the inner peripheral side of the ring-shaped portion of the car body to block the exhaust and noise paths directly from the internal space of the ring-shaped portion to the discharge port and guide the detour route. The construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The construction machine according to claim 4, wherein the shielding plate is provided in a state where a spiral detour route is formed around the entire circumference of the ring-shaped portion with the side wall of the ring-shaped portion.   The construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a sound-absorbing material is provided at a position on the inner surface of the ring-shaped portion so as to avoid the through hole and the discharge port.

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