JP2012180887A - 手動変速機 - Google Patents
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- JP2012180887A JP2012180887A JP2011043803A JP2011043803A JP2012180887A JP 2012180887 A JP2012180887 A JP 2012180887A JP 2011043803 A JP2011043803 A JP 2011043803A JP 2011043803 A JP2011043803 A JP 2011043803A JP 2012180887 A JP2012180887 A JP 2012180887A
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 86
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
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- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/19—Improvement of gear change, e.g. by synchronisation or smoothing gear shift
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
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- F16H61/0437—Smoothing ratio shift by using electrical signals
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- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/08—Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism
- F16H63/20—Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism with preselection and subsequent movement of each final output mechanism by movement of the final actuating mechanism in two different ways, e.g. guided by a shift gate
- F16H63/22—Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism with preselection and subsequent movement of each final output mechanism by movement of the final actuating mechanism in two different ways, e.g. guided by a shift gate the final output mechanisms being simultaneously moved by the final actuating mechanism
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- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
- B60K2006/4808—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox output shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
- B60K2006/4833—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/08—Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism
- F16H63/20—Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism with preselection and subsequent movement of each final output mechanism by movement of the final actuating mechanism in two different ways, e.g. guided by a shift gate
- F16H2063/208—Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism with preselection and subsequent movement of each final output mechanism by movement of the final actuating mechanism in two different ways, e.g. guided by a shift gate using two or more selecting fingers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H2063/3086—Shift head arrangements, e.g. forms or arrangements of shift heads for preselection or shifting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】この手動変速機は、入力軸Ai、出力軸Ao、及びMG軸Amを備える。この変速機は、出力軸AoとMG軸Amとの間で動力伝達系統を確立するとともに「出力軸Aoの回転速度に対するMG軸Amの回転速度の割合」(電動機減速比)を2段階(Hi又はLo)に選択的に設定可能な電動機変速機構M2を備える。電動機変速機構M2は、シフトパターン上においてシフトレバーSLのセレクト操作(車両の左右方向の操作)を行っている間に、そのセレクト操作に連動して電動機減速比を切り換える。この結果、運転者は、「セレクト操作中」という外部から受けるショックを感知し難い状態において電動機減速比の変更に伴うショックを受けるので、同ショックを感知し難くなる。
【選択図】図1
Description
先ず、本装置の全体構成について説明する。エンジンE/Gは、周知の内燃機関であり、例えば、ガソリンを燃料として使用するガソリンエンジン、軽油を燃料として使用するディーゼルエンジンである。
以下、図1〜図3を参照しながら、M/Tの構成の詳細について説明する。図1、及び図3に示すシフトレバーSLのシフトパターンから理解できるように、本例では、選択される変速段(シフト完了位置)として、前進用の6つの変速段(1速〜6速)、及び後進用の1つの変速段(R)が設けられている。以下、後進用の変速段(R)についての説明は省略する。
以下、先ず、図3〜図5を参照しながら、MG減速比の切り替えについて説明する。図3に示すように、セレクト操作によって移動する車両の左右方向におけるシフトレバーSLの位置について、1−2セレクト位置とN位置との間の「所定の位置」よりも図3において左側の領域を「Lo領域」と呼び、前記「所定の位置」よりも図3において右側の領域を「Hi領域」(図3において太い実線で示した領域を参照)と呼ぶ。
次に、図1、2、6〜17を参照しながら、MT減速比の切り替えについて簡単に説明する。図1、2に示すように、シフトレバーSLが「N位置」にある状態では、スリーブS1、S2、及びS3の全てが「中立位置」にある。この状態では、S1、S2、及びS3はそれぞれ、対応する何れの遊転ギヤとも係合していない。なお、上述のように、この状態では、Smは遊転ギヤGmhiと係合している(MG減速比が「Hi」に設定されている)。
本装置によるE/Gの制御は、大略的に以下のようになされる。車両が停止しているとき、或いは、「N」が選択されているとき、E/Gが停止状態(燃料噴射がなされない状態)に維持される。E/Gの停止状態において、「1速」〜「6速」の何れかが選択されたこと等に基づいて、E/Gが始動される(燃料噴射が開始される)。E/Gの稼働中(燃料噴射がなされている間)では、アクセル開度等に基づいてEGトルクが制御される。E/Gの稼働中において、「N」が選択されたこと、或いは、車両が停止したことに基づいて、E/Gが再び停止状態に維持される。
本装置によるM/Gの制御は、大略的に以下のようになされる。車両が停止しているとき、或いは、「N」が選択されているとき、M/Gが停止状態(MGトルク=0)に維持される。M/Gの停止状態において、「1速」〜「6速」の何れかが選択されたこと等に基づいて、MGトルクがアクセル開度及びクラッチストローク等に基づいて制御される。そして、「N」が選択されたこと、或いは、車両が停止したことに基づいて、M/Gが再び停止状態に維持される。
上記のように、本発明の実施形態に係る手動変速機M/Tでは、運転者がシフトレバーSLのセレクト操作(車両の左右方向の操作)を行っている間にMG減速比が変更される。換言すれば、運転者は、SLのセレクト操作を行っている間にMG減速比の変更に伴うショックを受けることなる。ここで、一般に、人間は、何らかの操作を行っているとき、外部から受けるショック等を感知し難くなるものである。以上より、このM/Tでは、運転者がMG減速比の変更に伴うショックを感知し難くなる。
Claims (5)
- 動力源として内燃機関(E/G)と電動機(M/G)とを備えた車両に適用される、トルクコンバータを備えない手動変速機(M/T)であって、
前記内燃機関から動力が入力される入力軸(Ai)と、
前記車両の駆動輪へ動力を出力する出力軸(Ao)と、
運転者により操作されるシフト操作部材(SL)をシフトパターン上において複数の変速段(1速〜6速)に対応するそれぞれのシフト完了位置に移動することによって、前記入力軸と前記出力軸との間で、前記出力軸の回転速度に対する前記入力軸の回転速度の割合である変速機減速比が対応する変速段に対応するそれぞれの値に設定される動力伝達系統を確立する変速機変速機構(M1)と、
前記入力軸又は前記出力軸と前記電動機との間で動力伝達系統を確立するとともに、前記変速機減速比を変更することなく前記出力軸の回転速度に対する前記電動機の回転速度の割合である電動機減速比を変更する電動機変速機構(M2)と、
を備え、
前記電動機変速機構は、
前記シフト操作部材の位置が前記シフトパターン上における前記それぞれのシフト完了位置を除いた所定の位置を通過したことに基づいて、前記電動機減速比を変更するように構成された、手動変速機。 - 請求項1に記載の手動変速機において、
前記変速機変速機構は、
前記複数の変速段に対応するそれぞれの前記シフト完了位置への前記シフト操作部材の移動操作が、前記シフト操作部材の位置を、前記入力軸と前記出力軸との間で動力伝達系統が確立されていない状態において前記車両の左右方向の操作であるセレクト操作を行うことによって対応するセレクト位置に設定し、その後、前記車両の前後方向の操作であるシフト操作を行うことによって前記対応するセレクト位置から対応する前記シフト完了位置に移動することにより達成されるように構成され、
前記電動機変速機構は、
前記セレクト操作中において前記車両の左右方向に沿って移動する前記シフト操作部材の位置が前記車両の左右方向における所定の位置を通過したことに基づいて、前記電動機減速比を変更するように構成された、手動変速機。 - 請求項2に記載の手動変速機において、
前記電動機変速機構は、
前記シフト操作部材のセレクト操作中において、前記車両の左右方向における前記シフト操作部材の位置が、前記所定の位置に対して高速側の変速段のシフト完了位置に近い側の領域である第1領域(Hi領域)から、前記所定の位置に対して低速側の変速段のシフト完了位置に近い側の領域である第2領域(Lo領域)に移動したことに基づいて、前記電動機減速比を第1減速比に設定し、前記シフト操作部材のセレクト操作中において前記車両の左右方向における前記シフト操作部材の位置が前記第2領域から前記第1領域に移動したことに基づいて、前記電動機減速比を前記第1減速比よりも小さい第2減速比に設定するように構成された、手動変速機。 - 請求項3に記載の手動変速機において、
前記変速機変速機構は、
それぞれが前記入力軸又は前記出力軸に相対回転不能に設けられた複数の固定ギヤであってそれぞれが前記複数の変速段のそれぞれに対応する複数の固定ギヤ(G1i、G2i、G3i、G4i、G5i、G6i)と、
それぞれが前記入力軸又は前記出力軸に相対回転可能に設けられた複数の遊転ギヤであってそれぞれが前記複数の変速段のそれぞれに対応するとともに対応する変速段の前記固定ギヤと常時歯合する複数の遊転ギヤ(G1o、G2o、G3o、G4o、G5o、G6o)と、
それぞれが前記入力軸及び前記出力軸のうち対応する軸に相対回転不能且つ軸方向に相対移動可能に設けられた複数のスリーブであってそれぞれが前記複数の遊転ギヤのうち対応する遊転ギヤを前記対応する軸に対して相対回転不能に固定するために前記対応する遊転ギヤと係合可能な複数のスリーブ(S1、S2、S3)と、
それぞれが前記複数のスリーブのそれぞれと連結され且つ軸方向に移動可能な複数のフォークシャフト(FS1、FS2、FS3)と、
前記シフト操作部材のセレクト操作によって軸方向に移動し又は軸周りに回動し且つ前記シフト操作部材のシフト操作によって軸周りに回動し又は軸方向に移動するシフトアンドセレクトシャフトと、
を備え、
前記シフト操作部材のセレクト操作によって前記複数のフォークシャフトのうちから対応するフォークシャフトが選択され、前記シフト操作部材のシフト操作によって前記シフトアンドセレクトシャフトの側面から突出する第1インナレバー(IL1)が前記選択されたフォークシャフトをその軸方向に押圧・移動することによって対応する変速段が達成されるように構成され、
前記電動機変速機構は、
軸方向に移動可能な切替シャフトであって、その軸方向位置が前記軸方向の第1位置に移動することによって前記電動機減速比が前記第1減速比に設定され、その軸方向位置が前記軸方向の前記第1位置と異なる第2位置に移動することによって前記電動機減速比が前記第2減速比に設定される切替シャフト(FSm)を備え、
前記シフト操作部材のセレクト操作中において前記シフト操作部材の位置が前記第1領域から前記第2領域に移動したことによって、前記シフトアンドセレクトシャフトの側面から突出する前記第1インナレバーとは異なる第2インナレバー(IL2)が前記切替シャフトをその軸方向に押圧して、前記切替シャフトの軸方向位置を前記第2位置から前記第1位置に変更し、
前記シフト操作部材のセレクト操作中において前記シフト操作部材の位置が前記第2領域から前記第1領域に移動したことによって、前記第2インナレバーが前記切替シャフトをその軸方向に押圧して、前記切替シャフトの軸方向位置を前記第1位置から前記第2位置に変更するように構成された、手動変速機。 - 請求項3に記載の手動変速機において、
前記電動機変速機構は、
軸方向に移動可能な切替シャフトであって、その軸方向位置が前記軸方向の第1位置に移動することによって前記電動機減速比が前記第1減速比に設定され、その軸方向位置が前記軸方向の前記第1位置と異なる第2位置に移動することによって前記電動機減速比が前記第2減速比に設定される切替シャフト(FSm)と、
前記切替シャフトをその軸方向に駆動して前記切替シャフトの軸方向位置を調整するアクチュエータ(ACT)と、
を備え、
前記シフト操作部材のセレクト操作中において前記シフト操作部材の位置が前記第1領域から前記第2領域に移動したことに基づいて、前記アクチュエータを制御して、前記切替シャフトの軸方向位置を前記第2位置から前記第1位置に変更し、
前記シフト操作部材のセレクト操作中において前記シフト操作部材の位置が前記第2領域から前記第1領域に移動したことに基づいて、前記アクチュエータを制御して、前記切替シャフトの軸方向位置を前記第1位置から前記第2位置に変更するように構成された、手動変速機。
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