JP2012177352A - Control apparatus for solar thermal electric generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control apparatus for a solar thermal electric generation system that can perform strict and specific control when controlling the output power of a turbine.SOLUTION: The control apparatus for a solar thermal electric generation system includes: a heat receiver for receiving solar light to heat a working fluid; the turbine that is operated by the supply of the working fluid heated by the heat receiver; a generator for generating electric power by the rotation drive of the turbine; a flux collector and a three-way valve that regulate the energy of the working fluid supplied to the turbine; a first regulating value determination device for determining a regulating value for the flux collector or three-way valve based on the output power of the generator; a second regulating value determination device for determining the regulating value for the flux collector or three-way valve based on temperature information in the solar power generation system; and a comparator 72 for selecting a regulating value with which the output power of the generator is regulated to minimum, from a plurality of regulating values obtained by the first and second regulating value determination devices, and outputting the regulating value to the flux collector or three-way valve.

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar thermal power generation system driven using a compressive working fluid such as air heated using sunlight, and more particularly to a control device thereof.

  In recent years, in order to solve environmental problems such as global warming, solar thermal power generation systems driven by high-temperature and high-pressure compressible working fluid that uses sunlight, which is one of natural energy, and is heated by the heat of sunlight have attracted attention. Has been.

  As such a solar thermal power generation system, a compressor that compresses and compresses a compressive working fluid, a plurality of concentrators (heliostats) that collect sunlight, and heat of light collected by the concentrators are used. A heat receiver that converts sunlight into heat energy by heating and raising the temperature of a high-pressure, low-temperature compressible working fluid, and a turbine that converts the heat energy of the gaseous working fluid heated by the heat receiver into machine energy And a generator driven by the turbine are known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2010-275996 A

  By the way, in the solar thermal power generation system described above, a three-way valve or this is used to change the turbine output, that is, the generator output by controlling the air supplied to the heat receiver and changing the turbine inlet temperature and the air flow rate. One or more control valves are used instead.

  At this time, the three-way valve is particularly responsive, and the turbine output is controlled by controlling the opening of the three-way valve rather than controlling the turbine output by increasing or decreasing (temperature control) the amount of sunlight collected by the condenser. It was used because it was faster to control the output of.

  However, in the above-described solar thermal power generation system, when such a three-way valve or one or more control valves instead thereof is used, the durability of the heat receiver and the turbine constituting the solar thermal power generation system is considered. There was no specific development of output control.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a control device for a solar thermal power generation system that can perform more strict and specific control when controlling the output of a turbine.

  In order to solve the above problems, a control device for a solar thermal power generation system according to the present invention includes a heat receiver that receives sunlight to heat a working fluid, and a turbine that is supplied with the working fluid heated by the heat receiver and operates. A control device for a solar thermal power generation system, comprising: a generator that generates electric power by rotating the turbine; and an adjustment unit that adjusts the energy of the working fluid to the turbine. A first adjustment value determining means for determining an adjustment value in the adjusting means; a second adjustment value determining means for determining an adjustment value in the adjusting means based on temperature information in a solar thermal power generation system; Adjustment value selection means for selecting an adjustment value that minimizes the output of the generator from among the plurality of adjustment values determined by the second adjustment value determining means, and outputting the adjustment value to the adjustment means. .

  Further, according to the present invention, the second adjustment value determining means includes, as temperature information in the solar thermal power generation system, a limit value of the turbine inlet temperature, a pipe metal temperature limit value of the heat receiver, and an outlet gas temperature of the heat receiver. The adjustment value in the adjusting means is determined using at least one of the limit values.

  Further, according to the present invention, the adjustment value selection means includes the adjustment value determined by the first adjustment value determination means and the limit value of the inlet temperature of the turbine, the heat receiving power by the second adjustment value determination means. And comparing the adjusted value determined using at least one of the metal pipe metal temperature limit value and the outlet gas temperature limit value of the heat receiver to determine the maximum value or the minimum value of the generator. Is selected as an adjustment value that minimizes the output of.

  Further, the present invention includes a plurality of collectors for receiving sunlight, and a control valve that controls air supplied to the heat receiver to change an inlet temperature or an air flow rate of the turbine, The adjustment value selection means controls at least one of the number of the condensers and the opening of the control valve using the determined adjustment value.

  The control device for the solar thermal power generation system of the present invention can perform more strict and specific control when controlling the output of the turbine.

It is a block diagram (system diagram) which shows the 1st whole system example which concerns on the control apparatus of the solar thermal power generation system which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram (system diagram) which shows the 2nd whole system example which concerns on the control apparatus of the solar thermal power generation system which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram (system diagram) which shows the 3rd whole system example which concerns on the control apparatus of the solar thermal power generation system which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram (system diagram) which shows the 4th whole system example which concerns on the control apparatus of the solar thermal power generation system which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram (system diagram) which shows the 5th example of the whole system which concerns on the control apparatus of the solar thermal power generation system which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram of Embodiment 1 of the control apparatus applied to the solar thermal power generation system of this invention. It is a block diagram of Embodiment 2 of the control apparatus applied to the solar thermal power generation system of this invention. It is a block diagram of Embodiment 3 of the control apparatus applied to the solar thermal power generation system of this invention. It is a block diagram of Embodiment 4 of the control apparatus applied to the solar thermal power generation system of this invention. It is a block diagram of Embodiment 5 of the control apparatus applied to the solar thermal power generation system of this invention.

  Next, the control apparatus of the solar thermal power generation system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings. In addition, although the Example shown below is a suitable specific example in the control apparatus of the solar thermal power generation system of this invention, and may have attached various technically preferable restrictions, the technical scope of this invention is especially As long as there is no description which limits this invention, it is not limited to these aspects. In addition, the constituent elements in the embodiments shown below can be appropriately replaced with existing constituent elements and the like, and various variations including combinations with other existing constituent elements are possible. Therefore, the description of the embodiment described below does not limit the contents of the invention described in the claims.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram (system diagram) showing a first overall system example related to a control device for a solar thermal power generation system according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a second overall system related to a control device for a solar thermal power generation system according to the present invention. Configuration diagram (system diagram) showing an example, FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram (system diagram) showing a third overall system example related to the control device for the solar thermal power generation system according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a solar thermal power generation system according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram (system diagram) showing a fourth overall system example related to the control device of the solar thermal power generation system according to the present invention. is there.

(System common configuration)
First, the common configuration of the entire solar thermal power generation system according to the present invention will be described. 1 to 5, the solar thermal power generation systems GT1 to GT5 of the present invention compress a compressive working fluid and pressurize it, and heat the compressive working fluid with heat converted from sunlight to raise the temperature. The main component is a heat receiver 2 to be made, a turbine 3 for converting thermal energy held by a high-temperature and high-pressure compressive working fluid into mechanical energy, and a generator 5 connected to the output shaft 4 of the turbine 3. It is. That is, the solar thermal power generation systems GT1 to GT5 of the present invention use solar thermal energy instead of a combustor that burns a fuel such as natural gas to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas, and performs high-pressure and low-temperature compression The heat receiving device 2 for heating and heating the sexual working fluid is provided.

  The compressor 1 is coaxially connected to the output shaft 4 of the turbine 3 and sucks a compressible working fluid and compresses it to a desired high pressure. A part of the output generated by the turbine 3 is used. Driven. Moreover, as the compressive working fluid compressed by the compressor 1, for example, air sucked from the atmosphere is used.

  The heat receiver 2 is a device for converting sunlight into heat energy. For example, the heat receiver 2 follows a movement of sunlight and is independently controlled to switch between a condensing state and a non-condensing state. Using the heat of light collected by the optical device (not shown in FIG. 1) 6, the high-pressure, low-temperature compressible working fluid is heated to raise the temperature. That is, the heat receiver 2 heats the piping and the high-pressure low-temperature air in the piping by applying light from the condenser 6 to a number of piping (not shown) through which high-pressure low-temperature air flows. Device. Further, the high-pressure air heated by the heat receiver 2 is supplied to the turbine 3 through a high-temperature high-pressure air flow path 11 indicated by a bold solid line in the drawing. Moreover, the air of the compressive working fluid pressurized by the compressor 1 is guided to the heat receiver 2 through the high-pressure air flow path 12 indicated by a broken line in the drawing. Further, the high-temperature and high-pressure air that has worked in the turbine 3 is discharged from the chimney 7 through the exhaust passage 13 indicated by a two-dot chain line in the drawing.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a high-pressure, low-temperature compressible working fluid boosted by the compressor 1 using exhaust heat of the compressible working fluid discharged from the chimney 7 to the atmosphere after working in the turbine 3. A reheater 8 is provided in the middle of the high-pressure air flow path 12 and the exhaust path 13 for preheating the air and leading it to the heat receiver 2.

  The reheater 8 exchanges heat between the high-pressure low-temperature air that has been pressurized by the compressor 1 and led from the high-pressure air flow path 12 and the high-temperature air that has been worked in the turbine 3 and led from the exhaust flow path 13. Device. That is, the reheater 8 uses the exhaust heat of the high-temperature air that works in the turbine 3 and is discharged from the chimney 7 to the atmosphere, preheats the high-pressure low-temperature air, and then receives the heat from the high-pressure air passage 12. 2 functions as a heat exchanger that improves the thermal efficiency of the solar thermal power generation systems GT1 to GT5.

  Regarding the outlet temperature of the high-pressure high-temperature air heated by the heat receiver 2, the generator 5 generates electric power with respect to the rotational speed of the turbine 2 when the solar thermal power generation systems GT <b> 1 to GT <b> 5 that are not operated by the generator 5 are accelerated. During the load operation, the amount of heat input to the heat receiver 2 is controlled by adjusting the angle of the condenser 6 so that the generator load becomes a predetermined rotational speed or generator load. Similarly, the amount of heat input to the heat receiver 2 is controlled by the condenser 6 so that the pipe temperature of the heat receiver 2 does not exceed a predetermined temperature.

  Here, since the heat capacity of the heat receiver 2 is large, the change in the outlet temperature of the high-temperature air is delayed by several minutes or more with respect to the change in the heat input, and the control is slow. Accordingly, in the solar thermal power generation systems GT1 to GT5 of the present invention, as will be described later, control with improved responsiveness to the slow control by the condenser 6 is performed alone or in combination with the control by the condenser 6. Is.

  In the above configuration, the high-pressure air heated by the heat receiver 2 becomes high-temperature high-pressure air having an outlet temperature of about 900 ° C., for example, and is supplied to the turbine 3 through the high-temperature high-pressure air flow path 11.

  The high-temperature and high-pressure air supplied to the turbine 3 expands when passing between the moving blades / stator blades in the turbine, and rotates the turbine shaft integrated with the moving blades to generate turbine output. Further, the output generated in the turbine 3 is used as a driving force for the compressor 1 and the generator 5 connected coaxially. Further, the high-temperature and high-pressure air that has worked in the turbine 3 is led to the reheater 8 through the exhaust passage 13 as used air having a reduced pressure and temperature from the turbine outlet. This used air is preheated with high-pressure air in the reheater 8 in the middle of the exhaust path 13, and then the temperature is further lowered to be discharged from the chimney 7 to the atmosphere.

(Configuration of solar thermal power generation system GT1)
As shown in FIG. 1, the solar thermal power generation system GT1 has a high temperature that branches from the high-pressure air flow path 12 and reaches the chimney 7 so that the high-temperature high-pressure air that flows out from the outlet of the heat receiver 2 flows through the turbine 3. An air main bypass passage 21 is formed. The high temperature air main bypass passage 21 is provided with a heat radiation control valve 22 whose opening degree can be adjusted in order to adjust the bypass flow rate of the high temperature and high pressure air that flows by bypassing the turbine 3. Further, in the solar thermal power generation system GT1, a high temperature air auxiliary bypass passage 23 is formed in parallel with the high temperature air main bypass passage 21. The high-temperature air auxiliary bypass channel 23 is a channel that branches from the high-temperature air main bypass channel 21 upstream of the heat dissipation control valve 22 and rejoins the high-temperature air main bypass channel 21 downstream of the heat dissipation control valve 22. In the middle of the high-temperature air auxiliary bypass flow path 23, a normally closed air discharge valve 24 is provided in parallel with the heat dissipation control valve 22.

In the solar thermal power generation system GT1 configured as described above, the operation control for adjusting the opening degree of the heat radiation control valve 22 so that the solar thermal power generation system GT1 has a predetermined rotation speed in the operation state where the generator 5 is not generating power. Is done. That is, by controlling the opening degree of the heat radiation control valve 22, the bypass flow rate of the high temperature and high pressure air that is directly discharged from the chimney 7 to the atmosphere by bypassing the turbine 3 is adjusted, and the amount of the high temperature and high pressure air that actually flows through the turbine 3. Implement control to increase or decrease. Such flow control of the amount of high-temperature and high-pressure air can promptly carry out accurate control.

Moreover, in the solar thermal power generation system GT1 described above, operation control is performed to adjust the opening degree of the heat radiation control valve 22 so that the solar thermal power generation system GT1 has a predetermined output in the operation state where the generator 5 is generating power. . That is, by controlling the opening degree of the heat radiation control valve 22, the bypass flow rate of the high temperature and high pressure air that is directly discharged from the chimney 7 to the atmosphere by bypassing the turbine 3 is adjusted, and the amount of the high temperature and high pressure air that actually flows through the turbine 3. Implement control to increase or decrease. Such flow control of the amount of high-temperature and high-pressure air can promptly carry out accurate control.

Further, when an abnormality occurs in the solar thermal power generation system GT1, an emergency stop of the operation is necessary. In such a case, the control to fully open the air discharge valve 24 can be performed, and the amount of high-temperature and high-pressure air flowing through the turbine 3 can be rapidly reduced. That is, in the turbine 3 that converts the thermal energy of the high-temperature and high-pressure air into mechanical energy, the supply amount of the high-temperature and high-pressure air that becomes the thermal energy source is rapidly reduced, so that the continuation of rotation and generation of output can be stopped.

Such operation control adjusts the bypass flow rate by the opening degree control of the heat radiation control valve 22 with respect to the amount of high-temperature and high-pressure air supplied from the heat receiver 2 to the turbine 3. The good flow rate control can be implemented promptly. Therefore, the rotation speed and output control of the solar thermal power generation system GT can also be reliably performed according to accurate and prompt flow rate control according to the operation status.

  And the heat radiation control valve 22 used for such control adjusts the bypass flow rate of high temperature / high pressure air. Therefore, the heat dissipation control valve 22 handles a small flow rate as compared with the maximum flow rate of the high-temperature high-pressure air supplied from the heat receiver 2 to the turbine 3, and a small-diameter and inexpensive one can be used.

(Configuration of solar thermal power generation system GT2)
As shown in FIG. 2, the solar thermal power generation system GT2 is provided with a three-way valve 31 and a shut-off valve 32 in order from the upstream side in the middle of the high-temperature high-pressure air flow path 11 from the reheater 8 toward the heat receiver 2. Yes. Also, a high-pressure air main bypass flow path that branches from the high-temperature high-pressure air flow path 11 via the three-way valve 31 and is connected to the high-pressure air flow path 12 so as to bypass the heat receiver 2 and flow to the turbine 3. 33 is formed. Further, on the upstream side of the three-way valve 31, a high-pressure air auxiliary bypass passage 34 that branches from the upstream side of the turbine 3 of the high-temperature high-pressure air passage 11 and is connected to the high-pressure air passage 12 is provided. It is formed in parallel with the flow path 33. The high-pressure air auxiliary bypass passage 34 is provided with a normally closed bypass valve 35.

  In the solar thermal power generation system GT2 configured as described above, the high-temperature and high-pressure air supplied from the heat receiver 2 to the turbine 3 is adjusted to the temperature according to the operation state by adjusting the bypass flow rate of the heat receiver 2 by the three-way valve 31. Adjustment is possible. That is, by operating the three-way valve 31, it becomes possible to distribute the amount of high-pressure air that flows to the heat receiver 2 to be heated and the amount of high-pressure air that bypasses the heat receiver 2 and flows to the turbine 3 (bypass flow rate). Therefore, the temperature of the high-temperature high-pressure air supplied to the turbine 3 changes according to the mixing ratio of the high-temperature high-pressure air supplied from the heat receiver 2 and the low-temperature high-pressure air.

  Further, when the emergency stop of the solar thermal power generation system GT2 is required by providing the high-pressure air auxiliary bypass passage 34 including the shut-off valve 32 and the normally closed bypass valve 35, the shut-off valve 32 is set to a predetermined value. By restricting the opening to the opening and fully opening the bypass valve 35, the amount of high-pressure air passing through the heat receiver 2 can be rapidly reduced, and the inlet temperature of the turbine 3 can be lowered.

  In an operating situation where the generator 5 is not generating power, the three-way valve 31 is opened and closed so that the rotational speed of the solar thermal power generation system GT2 becomes a predetermined rotational speed, and the amount of high-pressure air flowing through the heat receiver 2 is increased or decreased. 3 is controlled to change the inlet air temperature. Further, in the operation situation where the generator 5 is generating power, the three-way valve 31 is opened and closed so that the output of the solar thermal power generation system GT2 becomes a predetermined output, and the amount of high-pressure air flowing through the heat receiver 2 is increased or decreased. Control to change the inlet air temperature.

  In such operation control, the high-pressure air amount supplied to the heat receiver 2 and heated is adjusted to increase or decrease by adjusting the bypass flow rate by opening and closing the three-way valve 31. Control can be implemented promptly. Therefore, the rotational speed and output control of the solar thermal power generation system GT2 can also be reliably performed according to accurate and prompt flow rate control according to the operation status. The reason for restricting the shut-off valve 32 to a predetermined opening without fully closing is that if the amount of high-pressure air flowing through the heat receiver 2 is reduced too much, the heating capacity becomes excessive, and the piping temperature of the heat receiver 2 is a high temperature that exceeds a predetermined value. It is because it becomes easy to become.

(Configuration of solar thermal power generation system GT3)
In the solar thermal power generation system GT3 shown in FIG. 3, a three-way valve 41 and a shut-off valve 42 are provided on the upstream side of the reheater 8 in the high-pressure air passage 12. Further, the three-way valve 41 branches the high-pressure air flow path 12 and forms a high-pressure air main bypass flow path 43 that merges upstream of the turbine 3 in the high-temperature high-pressure air flow path 11. Further, a high-pressure air auxiliary bypass passage 44 that guides the air of the compressive working fluid pressurized by the compressor 1 to the upstream side of the turbine 3 is provided in parallel with the high-pressure air bypass passage 43. The high pressure air auxiliary bypass passage 44 is provided with a normally closed bypass valve 45.

  In such a configuration, since the reheater 8 is installed, the exhaust heat possessed by the high-temperature and high-pressure air that has worked in the turbine 3 can be used effectively, and the three-way valve 41, the shut-off valve 42, and the bypass valve 45 are provided. Since high-pressure air that is in a lower temperature state before passing through the reheater 8 is handled, it becomes even more advantageous in terms of heat resistance. In addition, the control and operation effect by the opening / closing operation of the three-way valve 41, the shutoff valve 42, and the bypass valve 45 are the same as those of the solar thermal power generation system GT2 described above.

<Configuration of solar thermal power generation system GT4>
The solar thermal power generation system GT4 shown in FIG. 4 is provided with a three-way valve 51 and a shut-off valve 52 in order from the upstream side on the downstream side of the reheater 8 of the high-pressure air passage 12. The three-way valve 51 also forms a high-pressure air main bypass passage 53 that branches off the high-temperature and high-pressure air passage 11 and discharges high-pressure air from the chimney 7 to the atmosphere. Further, a high-pressure air auxiliary bypass passage 54 that branches from the high-pressure air passage 12 and is connected to the chimney 7 upstream of the three-way valve 51 of the high-pressure air passage 12 is in parallel with the high-pressure air main bypass passage 53. Is formed. The high pressure air auxiliary bypass passage 54 is provided with a normally closed bypass valve 55.

  In such a configuration, the high-temperature and high-pressure air supplied from the heat receiver 2 to the turbine 3 can be adjusted in flow rate according to the operation state by adjusting the bypass flow rate of the heat receiver 2 by the three-way valve 51. That is, by operating the three-way valve 51, it is possible to distribute the amount of high-pressure air that flows to the heat receiver 2 and is heated and the amount of high-pressure air that bypasses the heat receiver 2 and flows to the chimney 7 (bypass flow rate). Therefore, the amount of high-temperature and high-pressure air supplied to the turbine 3 changes according to the amount of high-temperature and high-pressure air supplied from the heat receiver 2.

  In an operating situation where the generator 5 is not generating power, the three-way valve 51 is opened and closed so that the rotational speed of the solar thermal power generation system GT4 becomes a predetermined rotational speed, and the amount of high-pressure air flowing through the heat receiver 2 is increased or decreased. 3 is controlled to change the inlet air temperature. On the other hand, in the operation situation where the generator 5 is generating electric power, the three-way valve 51 is opened and closed so that the output of the solar thermal power generation system GT4 becomes a predetermined output, and the amount of high-pressure air flowing through the heat receiver 2 is increased or decreased. Control to change the inlet air temperature.

  In such operation control, the high-pressure air amount supplied to the heat receiver 2 and heated is adjusted to increase or decrease by adjusting the bypass flow rate by opening and closing the three-way valve 51. Control can be implemented promptly. Therefore, the rotational speed and output control of the solar thermal power generation system GT4 can also be reliably performed according to accurate and prompt flow rate control according to the operating situation.

(Solar thermal power generation system GT5)
The solar thermal power generation system GT5 shown in FIG. 5 includes a three-way valve 61 and a shut-off valve 62 on the upstream side of the reheater 8 in the high-pressure air flow path 12. Further, the three-way valve 61 forms a high-pressure air main bypass flow path 63 that branches the high-pressure air flow path 12 and makes the chimney 7 as it is. Further, on the upstream side of the three-way valve 61, a high-pressure air auxiliary bypass passage 64 that branches from the high-pressure air passage 12 and directly joins the chimney 7 is provided in parallel with the high-pressure air bypass passage 63. The high pressure air auxiliary bypass passage 64 is provided with a normally closed bypass valve 65.

  In such a configuration, the exhaust heat possessed by the high-temperature and high-pressure air that has worked in the turbine 3 can be used effectively, and the three-way valve 61, the shut-off valve 62, and the bypass valve 65 pass through the reheater 8. Since high-pressure air that is in a lower temperature state is handled before, it becomes even more advantageous in terms of heat resistance.

  Thus, according to each embodiment mentioned above, the control of the rotation speed and output of the solar thermal power generation system, which was slow in the control method of adjusting the heat input amount of the heat receiver 2 by adjusting the angle of the condenser 6, is compressible. By controlling the flow rate of air, which is a working fluid, it becomes possible to carry out with accuracy and speed. As a result, the operation of the solar thermal power generation system and the solar thermal power generation system power generation apparatus can stabilize the dynamic characteristics. In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, For example, the presence or absence of the reheater 8 is not limited, For example, it can change suitably in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

  Next, specific control of the heat radiation control valve 22 and the three-way valves 31, 41, 51, 61 in the solar thermal power generation systems GT1 to GT5 will be described.

  In the embodiment shown below, as described above, as the solar thermal power generation systems GT1 to GT5, the compressor 1, the heat receiver 2, the turbine 3, the output shaft 4, the generator 5, the condenser 6, the chimney 7, A reheater 8 is provided. Further, the high-pressure air heated by the heat receiver 2 is supplied to the turbine 3 through the high-temperature high-pressure air passage 11, and the air of the compressive working fluid pressurized by the compressor 1 receives the heat through the high-pressure air passage 12. It is assumed that a high-temperature high-pressure air supplied to the vessel 2 and working in the turbine 3 is provided with a basic structure that is discharged from the chimney 7 through the exhaust passage 13.

  In such a configuration, for example, when the heat capacity of the heat receiver 2 is large, a delay of several minutes or more occurs in order to change the outlet temperature of the high-temperature air by reducing the amount of incident light by the condenser 6 and slow control. Therefore, the responsiveness is ensured by adjusting the opening degree of the heat radiation control valve 22 and the three-way valves 31, 41, 51, 61.

  At this time, for example, the heat radiation control valve 22 and the three-way valves 31, 41, 51, 61 (hereinafter described as the three-way valve 61) control the air going to the heat receiver 2 to control the temperature and air flow rate at the inlet of the turbine 3. The output of the turbine 3, that is, the output of the generator 5 is changed by changing the output of the three-way valve 61. The output of the three-way valve 61 is controlled by a control signal indicating how much the opening degree is to be set. The turbine output is set to decrease when the opening of the three-way valve 61 increases.

Here, the output value (opening requirement value) of the three-way valve 61 is
(1) It is preferable to control so that it may become below the maximum output value of the generator 5 set beforehand.
(2) If the air temperature at the inlet of the turbine 3 (substantially equal to the temperature of the outlet of the heat receiver 2) exceeds a predetermined value, it exceeds the overall endurance temperature of the turbine 3, so that it becomes lower than that. It is preferable to control.
(3) When a large number of pipes (not shown) that are provided in the heat receiver 2 and flow high-pressure low-temperature air by receiving light from the condenser 6 reduce the amount of high-pressure air flowing through the heat receiver 2 too much Since the heating capacity becomes excessive and the piping temperature tends to be higher than the durable temperature place, it is preferable to control the piping temperature (pipe metal temperature) to be lower than the durable temperature.
(4) Since one of a plurality of detection values for detecting the gas temperature at the outlet of the heat receiver 2 exceeds a predetermined temperature, the durable temperature of the heat receiver 2 is exceeded, so that it is preferable to control the temperature to be lower than that.

  The above-described (1) is a control function that is originally provided. (2) includes means for measuring the air temperature at the inlet of the turbine 3 (or means for estimating the inlet air temperature of the turbine 3 from the inlet air pressure of the turbine 3 and the outlet air temperature of the turbine 3). Use (or guess) results. Furthermore, (3) includes means for measuring the pipe metal temperature of the heat receiver 2 and uses the measurement result. Moreover, also in (4), the exit gas temperature of the heat receiver 2 is provided with a measurement means, and the measurement result is used. Here, as means for measuring these various temperatures, a temperature sensor such as a thermocouple, an infrared thermosensor, or the like is used.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of Embodiment 1 of the control device applied to the solar thermal power generation system of the present invention.

  In FIG. 6, the control device S <b> 1 determines the required opening value of the three-way valve 61 from the control opening signal (generator output limit setting) of the three-way valve 61 determined from the preset output limit setting of the generator 4. Further, the control device S1 determines the required opening value of the three-way valve 61 from the control opening signal (turbine inlet air temperature limit) of the three-way valve 61 determined from the limit of the inlet temperature of the turbine 3. Further, the control device S1 determines the required opening value of the three-way valve 61 from the opening control signal (heat receiving pipe metal temperature limit) of the three-way valve 61 determined from the piping metal temperature of the heat receiver 2. Further, the control device S1 determines the required opening value of the three-way valve 61 from the opening control signal (heat receiving outlet gas temperature limit) of the three-way valve 61 determined from the outlet gas temperature limit of the heat receiver 2. Each of the required opening values is stored in the storage unit 71 as a function that associates the temperature and the opening.

  Further, the control device S1 compares the required opening values with the comparison unit 72, selects the maximum value, and outputs a control signal to the driver unit 73 that opens and closes the three-way valve 61, thereby opening the three-way valve 61. Control the degree. At this time, the driver unit 73 is set in such a direction that when the opening degree of the three-way valve 61 is increased, the air flowing through the turbine 3 is increased and the bypass amount is decreased.

  According to such a configuration, the responsiveness of the turbine output control by the three-way valve 61 can be ensured and more specific control can be realized, and the solar radiation that condenses the load controllable range by the condenser 6. It becomes possible to depend on the intensity.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of Embodiment 2 of the control device applied to the solar thermal power generation system of the present invention. The description of the same configuration and operation as in the first embodiment is omitted.

  In FIG. 7, the control device S <b> 2 determines the required number of condensers 6 from the control opening signal (generator output limit setting) of the three-way valve 61 determined from the preset output limit setting of the generator 4. The control device S2 determines the required number of condensers 6 from the control opening signal (turbine inlet air temperature limit) of the three-way valve 61 determined from the limit of the inlet temperature of the turbine 3. Further, the control device S2 determines the required number of collectors 6 from the number control signal (heat receiver piping metal temperature limit) of the condenser 6 determined from the piping metal temperature of the heat receiver 2. Further, the control device S2 determines the required number of collectors 6 from the number control signal (heat receiver outlet gas temperature limit) of the condenser 6 determined from the outlet gas temperature limit of the receiver 2. Each of the required number of units is stored in the storage unit 71 as a function that associates the temperature with the number of units.

  Furthermore, the control device S2 compares these required number of units with the comparison unit 72, selects the minimum value, and outputs a control signal to the driver unit 74 that determines the number of the concentrators 6 to thereby collect the concentrators. 6 units are controlled. At this time, the determination of the number of concentrators 6 is the number of concentrators 6 that input sunlight into the heat receiver 2 out of the total number of installed concentrators 6. In order not to input sunlight from the condenser 6, for example, a process of rotating the sunlight so as not to be reflected toward the light receiver 2 is performed.

  According to such a configuration, turbine output control by the condenser 6 can be ensured, more specific control can be realized, and the load controllable range can be performed over the entire load range.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of Embodiment 3 of the control device applied to the solar thermal power generation system of the present invention. Note that the description of the same configuration and operation as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment is omitted.

  In this third embodiment, in contrast to the one shown in the first embodiment, the control device S3 is a function of the required opening value A of the three-way valve 61 determined from the generator output limit setting stored in the storage unit 71. The calculation unit 75 calculates the required number of concentrators 6 and outputs the required number of values to the driver unit 74 that determines the number of concentrators 6 in combination with the opening of the three-way valve 61. is there. At this time, as the function of the required number of condensers 6 determined from the generator output limit setting, a correction function corresponding to the solar radiation intensity can be used as shown by the broken line with respect to the reference function shown by the solid line in the figure.

  According to such a configuration, the control device S3 performs highly responsive control according to the required opening value of the three-way valve 61, and also uses the control over the entire load range according to the required number of condensers 6 It can be carried out. In addition, after changing the number of units using the required opening value of the condenser 6, the condition for determining the required opening value of the three-way valve 61 also changes. Executed.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of Embodiment 4 of the control device applied to the solar thermal power generation system of the present invention. Note that the description of the same configuration and operation as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment is omitted.

  In the fourth embodiment, the control device S4 determines the required opening value of the three-way valve 61 from the control opening signal of the three-way valve 61 determined from the output limit setting of the generator 4, and from the limit of the inlet temperature of the turbine 3. The required opening value of the three-way valve 61 is determined from the determined control opening signal of the three-way valve 61. Further, the control device S4 determines the required number of concentrators 6 from the number control signal of the concentrator 6 determined from the pipe metal temperature of the heat receiver 2, and condenses determined from the outlet gas temperature limit of the heat receiver 2. The required number of condensers 6 is determined from the number control signal of the condenser 6.

  Furthermore, the control device S4 compares the required opening values of the output limit setting of the generator 4 and the limit of the inlet temperature of the turbine 3 with the comparison unit 72, selects the maximum value, and opens and closes the three-way valve 61. The opening degree of the three-way valve 61 is controlled by outputting a control signal to the driver unit 73. Further, the control device S4 compares the required number of the pipe metal temperature of the heat receiver 2 and the outlet gas temperature limit of the heat receiver 2 with the comparison unit 72, selects the minimum value, and determines the number of the condensers 6. The number of the condensers 6 is controlled by outputting a control signal to the driver unit 74 to be determined.

  According to such a configuration, the sharing between the opening control of the three-way valve 61 and the control of the number of the condensers 6 is clarified. It is possible to control the entire load range by controlling the number of units.

(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of Embodiment 5 of the control device applied to the solar thermal power generation system of the present invention. Note that the description of the same configurations and operations as those of the first embodiment and the second embodiment is omitted.

  In the fifth embodiment, the control device S5 determines the required opening value B of the three-way valve 61 from the limit of the inlet temperature of the turbine 3, and calculates the required opening value C of the three-way valve 61 from the pipe metal temperature of the heat receiver 2. After determining the opening requirement value C of the three-way valve 61 from the outlet gas temperature limit of the heat receiver 2, the comparison unit 72 uses the maximum value E (E is B, among the opening requirement values B, C, D). C or D) is determined, and the maximum value E is compared with the required opening degree A of the three-way valve 61 from the output limit setting of the generator 4 by the comparison unit 72 and the maximum value is selected. The opening degree of the three-way valve 61 is controlled by outputting a control signal to the driver unit 73 that opens and closes the three-way valve 61.

  In addition, the control device S5 determines the required number of condensers 6 from the limit of the inlet temperature of the turbine 3, determines the required number of condensers 6 from the pipe metal temperature of the heat receiver 2, and receives the heat receiver 2. The required number of concentrators 6 is determined from the outlet gas temperature limit, and the comparison unit 72 determines the minimum value G.

  Further, the control device S5 uses the calculation unit 75 to calculate the concentrator tolerance number required value ΔF that can be corrected by the sunshine intensity from the request value F obtained by subtracting the opening request value E from the opening request value A. After the calculation, ΔF is subtracted from the minimum value G by the calculation unit 75 to obtain the required number of concentrators.

  According to such a configuration, not only can the tolerance of the shared range of the opening control of the three-way valve 61 and the number control of the condensers 6 be set small, but also the responsiveness by the opening control of the three-way valve 61. And control over the entire load range by controlling the number of concentrators 6 is possible.

  As described above, according to the control devices S1 to S5 of the solar thermal power generation system of the present invention, the heat receiver 2 that receives sunlight to heat the working fluid and the working fluid heated by the heat receiver 2 are supplied and operated. A turbine 3 that generates power by rotating the turbine 3, a condenser 6 and a three-way valve 61 that adjust the energy of the working fluid to the turbine 3, and a condenser based on the output of the generator 5. A first adjustment value determining means for determining an adjustment value in the 6- or three-way valve 61; and a second adjustment value for determining an adjustment value in the condenser 6 or the three-way valve 61 based on temperature information in the solar thermal power generation system. Of the plurality of adjustment values obtained by the determination means and the first and second adjustment value determination means, an adjustment value that minimizes the output of the generator 5 is selected and output to the condenser 6 or the three-way valve 61. A comparison unit 72 and a turbine. In controlling the output, it is possible to perform a more precise and specific control.

  At this time, the second adjustment value determining means includes, as temperature information in the solar thermal power generation system, a limit value of the inlet temperature of the turbine 3, a pipe metal temperature limit value of the heat receiver 2, and an outlet gas temperature limit value of the heat receiver 2. It is preferable to determine the adjustment value of the condenser 6 or the three-way valve 61 using at least one of them.

  Further, the comparison unit 72 uses the adjustment value determined by the first adjustment value determination means and the limit value of the inlet temperature of the turbine 3, the pipe metal temperature limit value of the heat receiver 2, by the second adjustment value determination means, The adjustment value determined by using at least one of the limit values of the outlet gas temperature of the heat receiver 2 is compared, and the maximum value or the minimum value is the adjustment value that minimizes the output of the generator 5. Is preferably selected.

  Furthermore, a plurality of collectors 6 for receiving sunlight, and a heat radiation control valve 22 or three-way valves 31, 41, 41 that control the air supplied to the heat receiver 2 to change the inlet temperature or the air flow rate of the turbine 3. 51, 61, and the comparison unit 72 uses at least one of the number of concentrators 6 and the opening degree of the heat radiation control valve 22 or the three-way valves 31, 41, 51, 61 using the determined adjustment value. Is preferably controlled.

GT1 ... Solar thermal power generation system GT2 ... Solar thermal power generation system GT3 ... Solar thermal power generation system GT4 ... Solar thermal power generation system GT5 ... Solar thermal power generation system S1 ... Control device (adjustment value determining means)
S2 ... Control device (adjustment value determining means)
S3: Control device (adjustment value determining means)
S4 ... Control device (adjustment value determining means)
S5: Control device (adjustment value determining means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Compressor 2 ... Heat receiver 3 ... Turbine 4 ... Output shaft 5 ... Generator 6 ... Condenser (adjustment means)
7 ... Chimney 8 ... Reheater 22 ... Radiation control valve (control valve / adjusting means)
31. Three-way valve (control valve / control means)
41. Three-way valve (control valve / control means)
51. Three-way valve (control valve / control means)
61 ... Three-way valve (control valve / adjusting means)
72: Comparison unit (adjustment value selection means)

Claims (4)

A heat receiver that receives sunlight to heat the working fluid;
A turbine that is supplied with a working fluid heated by the heat receiver and operates;
A generator for generating electric power by rotating the turbine;
Adjusting means for adjusting the energy of the working fluid to the turbine;
A control device for a solar thermal power generation system comprising:
First adjustment value determination means for determining an adjustment value in the adjustment means based on the output of the generator;
Second adjustment value determination means for determining an adjustment value in the adjustment means based on temperature information in the solar thermal power generation system;
An adjustment value selection means for selecting an adjustment value that minimizes the output of the generator from the plurality of adjustment values obtained by the first and second adjustment value determination means, and outputting the adjustment value to the adjustment means;
A control device for a solar thermal power generation system, comprising:   The second adjustment value determining means includes at least one of a limit value of the turbine inlet temperature, a pipe metal temperature limit value of the heat receiver, and an outlet gas temperature limit value of the heat receiver as temperature information in the solar thermal power generation system. The control device of the solar thermal power generation system according to claim 1, wherein an adjustment value in the adjustment means is determined using one of the two.   The adjustment value selection means includes the adjustment value determined by the first adjustment value determination means and the limit value of the inlet temperature of the turbine and the pipe metal temperature limit of the heat receiver by the second adjustment value determination means. And the adjustment value determined by using at least one of the limit value of the outlet gas temperature of the heat receiver, and the output of the generator is minimized with the maximum value or the minimum value. The control device of the solar thermal power generation system according to claim 2, wherein the control value is selected as an adjustment value. A plurality of concentrators for receiving sunlight;
A control valve for controlling the air supplied to the heat receiver to change the inlet temperature or the air flow rate of the turbine,
The adjustment value selection means controls at least one of the number of the concentrators and the opening degree of the control valve using the determined adjustment value. The control apparatus of the solar thermal power generation system of crab.

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