JP2012165540A - Rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A variable field type rotating electrical machine capable of suppressing the amount of magnets used is provided.
A rotating electrical machine includes a rotating shaft, a rotor core fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, a cylindrical stator disposed radially outward of the rotor core, and an outer periphery of the stator. The amount of magnetic flux between the rotor core 14 and the stator core 30 is controlled by forming the first and second magnetic circuits MC <b> 1 and MC <b> 2 between the field yoke 18 and the field yoke 18 and the rotor core 14. Possible field coils 20a, 20b. The rotor core 14 has a first magnetic pole constituent member 24 and a second magnetic pole constituent member 26 on the outer peripheral portion thereof separated in the circumferential direction. The first magnetic pole constituting member 24 constitutes a part of the first magnetic circuit MC1 through which the magnetic flux generated by the field coil 20a on one axial end side flows, and the second magnetic pole constituting member 26 constitutes the field coil 20b on the other axial end side. Constitutes a part of the second magnetic circuit MC2 through which the magnetic flux generated by.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a variable field type rotating electrical machine.

  Conventionally, a permanent magnet type motor in which a permanent magnet is arranged on a rotor has been used in various fields, for example, as a drive source for an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. The driving source of such an electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle is required to have vehicle running characteristics of low rotation-high output and high rotation-low output.

  In the motor, the torque generated is generally determined by the magnetic flux flowing from the rotor to the stator and the motor current flowing in the stator coil. The magnetic flux flowing between the stator and the rotor is determined by a magnet or the like used, and is kept constant regardless of the rotational speed. The rotational speed is determined by the motor current. However, since the motor current is determined by the voltage from the power source such as an inverter, the rotation speed when the stator coil voltage and the maximum power supply voltage coincide with each other is the maximum rotation speed.

  In such a permanent magnet type motor, when performing constant output operation with a constant power supply voltage, a variable field type is used to improve the output at a low rotational speed and further increase the maximum rotational speed to widen the running characteristics. Various rotating electrical machines have been proposed.

  For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2008-99447 (Patent Document 1) discloses a variable field type rotating electrical machine in which reduction of iron loss reduction is a problem to be solved. In this rotating electric machine, a rotor is provided with a magnet and a control magnetic pole, a stator is supported by an annular member integrated with a fixed bobbin, an armature coil is wound around the stator, and a field coil is provided at a coil holding portion provided on the bobbin. Winding. And, since the bobbin is formed of a dust core material, the electric resistance is higher than that of the bobbin formed of iron material, so that eddy current is less likely to occur, and the reduction of iron loss in the bobbin can be promoted. Are listed.

JP 2008-99447 A

  In the rotating electrical machine disclosed in Patent Document 1, the control magnetic pole can be magnetized to only one of the N and S poles even if the direction of the current flowing through the field coil is controlled, so a pole pair is formed with the control magnetic pole. Therefore, it is necessary to use a magnet.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a field variable type rotating electrical machine capable of suppressing the amount of magnets to be used.

The rotating electrical machine according to the present invention is
A rotating shaft provided rotatably,
A rotor core fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft;
A cylindrical stator in which a stator coil is wound around the inner periphery of the rotor core, with a gap disposed radially outward;
A field yoke provided on the outer periphery of the stator;
The magnetic flux between the rotor core and the stator core can be reduced by forming first and second magnetic circuits respectively provided at both axial ends of the field yoke and between the field yoke and the rotor core. A controllable field winding,
The rotor core has a first magnetic pole component member and a second magnetic pole component member on the outer peripheral portion thereof in a circumferential direction,
The first magnetic pole constituting member constitutes a part of the first magnetic circuit through which a magnetic flux generated by the field winding on one axial end side flows, and the second magnetic pole constituting member constitutes the field magnet on the other axial end side. It constitutes a part of the second magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux generated by the winding flows.

  In the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, the first magnetic pole component has one end close to the portion of the field yoke around which the field winding on one end in the axial direction is wound, while the other end. Is separated from the portion of the field yoke around which the field winding on the other end side in the axial direction is wound, and the second magnetic pole constituent member is the field winding on the one end side in the axial direction. One end is separated from the portion of the field yoke where the field winding is wound, while the other end is close to the portion of the field yoke where the field winding on the other end in the axial direction is wound. It is preferable.

  In the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, each of the first and second magnetic pole constituent members is made of a molded magnetic material, and one end portion of the first magnetic pole constituent member protrudes from one end face of the rotor core. It is preferable that the other end portion of the second magnetic pole constituting member protrudes from the other end surface of the rotor core.

  In the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, the rotor core has a plurality of salient pole portions protruding radially outward at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the first and second magnetic pole component members are adjacent in the circumferential direction. It may be embedded in the salient pole part.

  In this case, a low magnetic permeability region may be provided in the salient pole portion so as to face the radially inner surfaces of the first and second magnetic pole constituent members.

  Furthermore, in the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, of the first and second magnetic pole constituent members, at least one set of the first and second magnetic pole constituent members is constituted by a non-magnet member made of a powder-molded magnetic body, The first and second magnetic pole constituting members of the set may be composed of magnets.

  According to the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, the rotor core has the first magnetic pole component and the second magnetic pole component on the outer periphery thereof in the circumferential direction, and the first magnetic pole component is on one end side in the axial direction. A part of the first magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux generated by the field winding flows, and the second magnetic pole constituent member is a part of the second magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux generated by the field winding on the other end in the axial direction flows. By configuring the portion, the polarity in which the first and second magnetic pole constituent members are magnetized can be made different by adjusting the direction of current flow in the field windings provided on both sides in the axial direction. As a result, the degree of freedom in designing the rotor in the variable field type rotating electric machine is increased, and the amount of magnet used can be suppressed.

It is radial direction sectional drawing of the rotary electric machine which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing along the AA line in FIG. It is sectional drawing similar to FIG. 2 which shows a state when a 1st magnetic pole structural member and a 2nd magnetic pole structural member are magnetized to a different polarity. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor along the line BB in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a rotor cross-sectional view showing a state when the direction of current flow in the field coil is changed from the state shown in FIG. 3. It is rotor sectional drawing of the rotary electric machine which is another embodiment. It is rotor sectional drawing of the rotary electric machine which is another embodiment.

  Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this description, specific shapes, materials, numerical values, directions, and the like are examples for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and can be appropriately changed according to the application, purpose, specification, and the like.

  FIG. 1 is a radial cross-sectional view of a rotating electrical machine 10 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotating electrical machine 10 includes a rotatable rotating shaft 12, a rotor core 14 fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 12, and an air gap G radially outward of the rotor core 14. A cylindrical stator 16 disposed at a distance from each other, a field yoke 18 fixed to the outer periphery of the stator 16, and a field coil (field winding) 20a wound around the field yoke 18 , 20b.

  The rotary shaft 12 is a metal shaft member, and is rotatably provided to the field yoke 18 via bearings 22 at both end portions thereof. The rotating shaft 12 and the rotor core 14 constitute a rotor 15.

  The rotor core 14 is a cylindrical laminated body that is integrally formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates 13 in the axial direction. As described above, the rotor core 14 is formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates and there is a gap between the steel plates, so that the axial magnetic resistance is larger than the radial and circumferential magnetic resistance. For this reason, in the rotor core 14, the magnetic lines of force hardly flow in the axial direction, and easily flow in the radial direction and the circumferential direction.

  The rotor core 14 has a plurality of salient pole portions 40 protruding outward in the radial direction in an evenly arranged manner on the outer peripheral portion. In the present embodiment, for example, four salient pole portions 40 are formed at equal intervals of 90 degrees. The salient pole part 40 extends over the axial direction of the rotor core 14. Thereby, the salient pole part 40 has prescribed | regulated the area | region where the magnetic flux which flows in the rotor core 14 enters / exits from a rotor outer peripheral surface. That is, the magnetic flux passing through the rotor core 14 is suppressed from entering and exiting from the recesses between the salient pole portions 40.

  A first magnetic pole component member 24 and a second magnetic pole component member 26 are embedded in the salient pole portion 40 of the rotor core 14 at a position close to the outer peripheral surface. The first magnetic pole constituting member 24 and the second magnetic pole constituting member 26 can be embedded in salient pole portions 40 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction to constitute a magnetic pole pair.

  In the present embodiment, two first magnetic pole component members 24 and two second magnetic pole component members 26 are provided to face the four salient pole portions 40 in the radial direction. That is, the circumferential centers of the first and second magnetic pole component members 24 and 26 are alternately arranged with a difference of 90 degrees with respect to the rotation center X of the rotor core 14 (that is, the rotation center of the rotary shaft).

  The first and second magnetic pole constituting members 24 and 26 are inserted into holes formed in the salient pole portion 40 so as to extend in the axial direction. The first and second magnetic pole component members 24 and 26 are fixed to the rotor core 14 by filling and hardening the resin in the pocket portions 27 formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the hole. The pocket portion 27 also has a function of suppressing leakage or short-circuiting of the magnetic flux flowing through the first and second magnetic pole constituting members 24 and 26 from the circumferential end portion side.

  Further, a low permeability region 29 is provided in the salient pole portion 40 so as to face the radially inner surfaces of the first and second magnetic pole component members 24 and 26. In the present embodiment, the low magnetic permeability region 29 is formed as a gap included in a part of the hole into which the first and second magnetic pole constituting members 24 and 26 are inserted. Thereby, it can suppress that a magnetic force line passes the 1st and 2nd magnetic pole structural member 24, 26 to radial direction, and flows into an inner peripheral side. The low magnetic permeability region 29 may be formed by being filled with a resin having a lower magnetic permeability than the electromagnetic steel plate constituting the rotor core 14.

  The first and second magnetic pole constituent members 24 and 26 are made of an integrally molded magnetic material, and more specifically are made of a powder molded magnetic material (SMC: Soft Magnetic Composites). Each of the first and second magnetic pole component members 24 and 26 has a flat rectangular axial end face (and a cross section), and extends in the axial direction of the rotor core 14. The first and second magnetic pole component members 24 and 26 may be divided into a plurality of parts in the axial direction, and in that case, it is necessary to consider so as to suppress an increase in magnetic resistance at the connection portion of each divided piece. is there.

  Since the first and second magnetic pole component members 24 and 26 are made of a powder-molded magnetic body that is integrally molded, the axial magnetic resistance is smaller than the axial magnetic resistance of the rotor core 14. Therefore, in the first and second magnetic pole constituting members 24 and 26, the magnetic lines of force flow more easily in the axial direction than in the rotor core 14.

  The first magnetic pole component 24 has one end 24 a protruding in the axial direction from one end surface of the rotor core 14, and the other end is substantially flush with the other end surface of the rotor core 14. On the other hand, one end of the second magnetic pole constituting member 26 is substantially flush with one end face of the rotor core 14, and the other end protrudes from the other end face of the rotor core 14.

  Here, the first magnetic pole constituting member 24 and the second magnetic pole constituting member 26 are preferably formed in the same shape and size. By doing so, the shape of the insertion hole formed in the rotor core 14 can be made the same, the manufacture of the rotor core 14 can be facilitated, and the management and assembly of the magnetic pole components are also facilitated. There are advantages.

  The stator 16 includes a stator core 30 formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, a plurality of stator teeth 32 that are formed on the inner peripheral portion of the stator core 30 and project inward in the radial direction of the stator core 30, and the stator teeth 32. A wound stator coil 34 is provided. The stator teeth 32 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  Part of the stator coil 34 constitutes a U-phase coil, the remaining part of the stator coil 34 constitutes a V-phase coil, and the remaining stator coil 34 constitutes a W-phase coil. One end of the stator coil 34 is a terminal, and the other end is a neutral point, and a U-phase cable, a V-phase cable, or a W-phase cable of an inverter three-phase cable (not shown) is connected to the terminal. . The neutral point is commonly connected to one point.

  The stator coil 34 is supplied with an alternating current corresponding to a torque command value to be output from the rotating electrical machine 10 via the three-phase cable. Thereby, a rotating magnetic field is formed on the inner periphery of the stator 16, and the rotor 15 is driven to rotate by the action of the rotating magnetic field. As a result, the torque specified by the torque command value is output by the rotating electrical machine 10.

  The stator core 30 is formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates, and an air gap is formed between the electromagnetic steel plates. For this reason, the radial and circumferential magnetic resistance of the stator core 30 is smaller than the axial magnetic resistance. Thereby, the magnetic lines of force entering and exiting the stator core 30 from the radial end face of the stator teeth 32 easily flow in the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the stator core 30 in the stator core 30 and are prevented from flowing in the axial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the field yoke 18 is formed to be connected to end plate portions 18a and 18b disposed at both ends in the axial direction away from the stator 16 and the rotor 15, and a peripheral portion of the end plate portion 18a. And the cylindrical side wall 18c, and the rotor 15 and the stator 16 are accommodated therein.

  A through hole 23 is formed at the center of the end plate portions 18 a and 18 b, and the rotary shaft 12 is inserted into the through hole 23 via a bearing 22. The side wall portion 18 c is fixed to the outer surface of the stator core 30.

  The field yoke 18 is made of an integrally molded magnetic material, and specifically, a powder-molded magnetic body (SMC) that is a three-dimensional fully isotropic material. For this reason, the axial magnetic resistance of the field yoke 18 is made smaller than the axial magnetic resistance of the stator core 30. The field yoke 18 may be divided into a plurality of parts in the axial direction or the circumferential direction, and in that case, it is necessary to consider so as to suppress an increase in magnetic resistance at the connection portion of each divided piece.

  An end plate portion 18 a at one end in the axial direction of the field yoke 18 has a protrusion 19 a that protrudes toward the rotor core 14 in a disk shape or an annular shape. And the one end part 24a of the 1st magnetic pole structural member 24 which protrudes from the end surface of the rotor core 14 is adjoining to the protrusion part 19a to such an extent that it can deliver without interrupting a magnetic force line. On the other hand, the other end portion of the first magnetic pole constituting member 24 is separated from the other end side protrusion 19b so that the transfer of magnetic lines of force does not occur.

  As a result, a first magnetic circuit MC1 partially including the first magnetic pole component 24 is formed between the field yoke 18 and the rotor core 14. That is, when the field coil 20a is energized and excited, the lines of magnetic force enter the salient pole portion 40 of the rotor core 14 through the air gap G from the end face of the stator teeth 32, and then the shaft inside the first magnetic pole constituting member 24 It flows in the direction and crosses the projecting portion 19a of the field yoke 18 through the gap, then enters the stator core 30 through the end plate portion 18a and the side wall portion 18c of the field yoke 18, and returns to the stator teeth 32. That is, the first magnetic circuit MC1 that flows in the opposite direction or the opposite direction is formed.

  On the other hand, the end plate portion 18 b at the other end in the axial direction of the field yoke 18 has a protrusion 19 b that protrudes toward the rotor core 14 in a disk shape or an annular shape. And the other end part 26a of the 2nd magnetic pole structural member 26 which protrudes from the end surface of the rotor core 14 is adjoining to the protrusion 19b to such an extent that it can deliver without breaking a line of magnetic force. Note that one end portion of the second magnetic pole constituting member 26 is separated from the one end side projection 19a so as not to transfer magnetic lines of force.

  As a result, a second magnetic circuit MC2 partially including the second magnetic pole component 26 is formed between the field yoke 18 and the rotor core 14. That is, when the field coil 20 b is energized and excited, the lines of magnetic force enter the salient pole portion 40 of the rotor core 14 through the air gap G from the end face of the stator tooth 32, and then the shaft inside the second magnetic pole component 26 It flows in the direction and crosses the protrusion 19b of the field yoke 18 through the gap, and then enters the stator core 30 through the end plate portion 18b and the side wall portion 18c of the field yoke 18 and returns to the stator teeth 32. A second magnetic circuit MC2 that flows in the direction or in the opposite direction is formed.

  In the first and second magnetic circuits MC1 and MC2 formed in this way, the magnetic resistance in the radial direction of the stator core 30 is kept small, the magnetic resistance in the field yoke 18 is kept small, and Since the magnetic resistances of the first and second magnetic pole component members 24 and 26 made of a powder-molded magnetic material are also kept small, the loss of magnetic energy can be kept small.

  The field coils 20a and 20b are wound around the outer peripheral surfaces of the protrusions 19a and 19b, respectively. By passing a current through the field coil 20a on one end side in the axial direction, for example, N-pole magnetism is generated on the end side in the axial direction of the protrusion 19a, that is, on the surface side close to the one end 24a of the first magnetic pole component 24. The side wall portion 18c can be made to have south pole magnetism, or the end portion of the protrusion 19a can be made to have south pole magnetism, and the side wall portion 18c can be made to have north pole magnetism. .

  The same applies to the protrusion 19b. By passing a current through the field coil 20b on the other end side in the axial direction, for example, an N pole is formed on the end side in the axial direction of the protrusion 19b, that is, on the surface side close to the other end portion 26a of the second magnetic pole component 26. Giving magnetism and giving the south pole magnetism to the side wall 18c, or giving the south pole magnetism to the end of the protrusion 19b and giving the side wall 18c north pole magnetism. Can do.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, the current flow direction and magnitude can be individually controlled for the field coil 20a of the first magnetic circuit MC1 and the field coil 20b of the second magnetic circuit MC2. Therefore, the polarities with which the first and second magnetic pole component members 24 and 26 are magnetized can be made different by adjusting the current flow direction of the field coils 20a and 20b.

  In the present embodiment, the field coils 20a and 20b are provided on the protrusions 19a and 19b of the field yoke 18. However, the field coils 20a and 20b are not limited to this position, and may be provided on the field yoke 18. . Here, the fact that the field coils 20 a and 20 b are provided in the field yoke 18 is not limited to the case where the field coils 20 a and 20 b are in contact with the surface of the field yoke 18, As long as the flow of the magnetic field lines can be controlled, this includes the case where the magnetic field lines are arranged away from the surface of the field yoke 18.

  Next, the operation of the rotating electrical machine 10 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2, showing a state where the first magnetic pole component member 24 and the second magnetic pole component member 26 are magnetized to different polarities. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor taken along line BB in FIG. FIG. 5 is a rotor cross-sectional view showing a state when the current flow direction of the field coils 20a and 20b is changed from the state shown in FIG. Here, the cross-sectional hatching of the rotor core 14 is omitted in FIGS.

  3 and 4, in the rotor core 14, the outer peripheral surface of the first magnetic pole component 24 is magnetized to the S pole and the outer peripheral surface of the second magnetic pole component 26 is magnetized to the N pole. Magnetic lines of force are passed through the first and second magnetic circuits MC1 and MC2, respectively. This can be achieved by controlling the direction of current flow in the field coils 20a and 20b as described above.

  First, regarding the first magnetic circuit MC1, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3, magnetic lines of force flow from the stator core 30 to the rotor core 14 through the air gap G. That is, the lines of magnetic force generated by the current flowing through the field coil 20 a enter the salient pole portion 40 of the rotor core 14 through the air gap G from the end face of the stator teeth 32, and from the outer peripheral surface of the salient pole portion 40. , Then flows in the first magnetic pole component 24 toward the one end 24a in the axial direction, crosses the protrusion 19a of the field yoke 18 through the gap, and from there to the field yoke 18 flows through the end plate portion 18a and the side wall portion 18c into the stator core 30 and returns to the stator teeth 32. At this time, the first magnetic pole constituting member 24 functions as a magnetic pole having S polarity.

  On the other hand, in the second magnetic circuit MC2, the magnetic lines of force flow from the rotor core 14 to the stator core 30 through the air gap G, as indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. That is, the lines of magnetic force generated by the flow of current through the field coil 20b cross from the protrusion 19b of the end plate portion 18b of the field yoke 18 to the other end portion 26a of the second magnetic pole component 26 via a gap. Then, it enters each electromagnetic steel plate constituting the rotor core 14 while proceeding in the second magnetic pole constituting member 26 in the axial direction, and from the outer peripheral surface of the salient pole portion 40 to the end face of the stator teeth 32 of the stator core 30 via the air gap G. Then, it enters the field yoke 18 from the stator core 30 and flows so as to flow through the side wall portion 18c of the field yoke 18 to the other end side in the axial direction and return to the protrusion 19b of the end plate portion 18b. At this time, the second magnetic pole constituting member 26 functions as a magnetic pole having N polarity. Further, since the low magnetic permeability region 29 is provided, the lines of magnetic force flow from the second magnetic pole constituting member 26 to the first magnetic pole constituting member 24 through the rotor core 14 as indicated by a dotted line in FIG. Can be suppressed. Thereby, the magnetic energy generated by the field coil 20a can be efficiently used for torque generation of the rotating electrical machine 10.

  On the contrary, as shown in FIG. 5, by reversing the flow direction of the current of the field coils 20a and 20b and reversing the flow direction of the magnetic lines of force of the first and second magnetic circuits MC1 and MC2, respectively. The first magnetic pole constituting member 24 can function as an N-magnetic magnetic pole, and the second magnetic pole constituting member 26 can function as an S-polar magnetic pole. Also at this time, since the low magnetic permeability region 29 is provided, the magnetic field lines are transferred from the first magnetic pole component 24 through the rotor core 14 to the second magnetic pole component 26 as shown by a dotted line in FIG. Flow can be suppressed. Thereby, the magnetic energy generated by the field coil 20a can be efficiently used for torque generation of the rotating electrical machine 10.

  In this way, by adjusting the direction of current flow in the field coils 20a and 20b provided on both sides in the axial direction, the polarities with which the first and second magnetic pole constituent members 24 and 26 are magnetized can be made different. it can. Further, the amount of magnetic flux between the rotor core 14 and the stator core 30 can be controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the current flowing through the field coils 20a and 20b, and the strong field control at the time of low rotation speed-high power operation. In addition, field-weakening control at the time of high rotation speed-low output operation is possible. Therefore, according to the rotating electrical machine 10 of the present embodiment, the rotor of the variable field rotating electrical machine can be configured without a magnet, and a significant cost reduction can be achieved.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 6, a rotating electrical machine 10A according to another embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a rotor cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine 10A. Since the configuration other than the rotor core is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals are attached to the same components, and redundant descriptions will be omitted with the aid of the description.

  The rotor core 14a of the rotating electrical machine 10A is composed of a non-magnet member in which at least one of the first and second magnetic pole constituent members is made of a powder-molded magnetic body among the first and second magnetic pole constituent members. The first and second magnetic pole constituent members are made of magnets.

  In the example shown in FIG. 6, a pair of first and second magnetic pole constituent members 24b and 26b adjacent in the circumferential direction are made of a powder-molded magnetic body as in the above-described embodiment, and are opposed to each of them in the radial direction. One first and second magnetic pole constituting member 24c, 26c is constituted by a magnet.

  Here, in the first magnetic pole constituting member 24b, the outer peripheral surface is magnetized to S polarity and the inner peripheral surface is magnetized to N polarity when the magnetic flux generated by the field coil 20a flows. Further, the second magnetic pole component member 26b has its outer peripheral surface surface magnetized to N polarity and the inner peripheral surface surface magnetized to S polarity by the magnetic flux generated by the field coil 20b flowing.

  On the other hand, the magnet, which is another first magnetic pole constituent member 24c that is radially opposed to the first magnetic pole constituent member 24b, is magnetized so that the outer peripheral surface is S polarity and the inner peripheral surface is N polarity. Yes. Further, the magnet, which is another second magnetic pole constituent member 26c that is radially opposed to the second magnetic pole constituent member 26b, is magnetized with an S-polarity on the outer circumferential surface and an N-polarity on the inner circumferential surface. Accordingly, the first and second magnetic pole constituting members 24c and 26c respectively embedded in the salient pole portions 40 adjacent in the circumferential direction constitute a magnetic pole pair. Other configurations are the same as those in the above embodiment.

  In the rotating electrical machine 10A of this embodiment, the manner in which the first and second magnetic pole constituting members 24b and 26b are magnetized so as to have different polarities is the same as described above with reference to FIGS.

  Between another pair of the first and second magnetic pole constituting members 24c, 26c, the magnetic lines of force coming out of the second magnetic pole constituting member 26c enter the stator core 30 through the air gap G, and pass through the inside of the electrical steel sheet constituting the stator core 30. The electrical steel sheet which flows in the radial direction and the circumferential direction, crosses again through the air gap G to the salient pole portion 40 where the first magnetic pole constituting member 24c of the rotor core 14 is located, and passes through the first magnetic pole constituting member 24c to constitute the rotor core 14. It flows in the circumferential direction and returns to the second magnetic pole component 26c. That is, the lines of magnetic force flow between the rotor and the stator through paths different from those of the first and second magnetic circuits MC1 and MC2, thereby contributing to torque generation. In order to prevent the magnetic flux from flowing into the rotor core 14 in this way, the salient pole portion 40 in which the first and second magnetic pole component members 24c and 26c are embedded does not have a low magnetic permeability region. It is preferable to do this.

  As described above, according to the rotating electrical machine 10A of the present embodiment, the first and second magnetic pole component members 24b, 24b, and 24b are adjusted by adjusting the direction of current flow in the field coils 20a and 20b provided on both sides in the axial direction. 26b can be magnetized in different polarities, and by adjusting the magnitude of the current flowing through the field coils 20a and 20b, the strong field control during the low rotation-high output operation and the high rotation-low output operation Field weakening control at the time is possible. Therefore, according to the rotating electrical machine 10A of the present embodiment, the amount of magnets used in the rotor of the variable field rotating electrical machine can be suppressed, and the cost can be reduced.

  In the example shown in FIG. 6, one set of the first and second magnetic pole constituent members 24b and 26b is made of a powder-molded magnetic body, and the other set of first and second magnetic pole constituent members 24c and 26c is made of a magnet. Although described as being configured, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of pairs of magnetic pole pairs made of a powder-molded magnetic body and magnetic pole pairs made of magnets may be provided in the circumferential direction of the rotor core.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 7, a rotating electrical machine 10B of still another embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor of the rotating electrical machine 10B. Since the configuration other than the rotor core is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals are attached to the same components, and redundant descriptions will be omitted with the aid of the description.

  The rotor core 14b of the rotating electrical machine 10B includes a first magnetic component 24d made of a magnet and a second magnetic pole component 26d, which is a non-magnet member made of a powder-molded magnetic body, at two salient poles 40 adjacent in the circumferential direction. Are embedded to form a magnetic pole pair. In this embodiment, at least two pairs of magnetic poles composed of a magnet and a powder-molded magnetic body are provided in an equal arrangement in the circumferential direction.

  In this embodiment, the magnet constituting the first magnetic pole constituting member 24d is magnetized so that the outer peripheral surface is S polarity and the inner peripheral surface is N polarity. On the other hand, the second magnetic pole constituting member 26d is magnetized so as to function as an N-polar magnetic pole by passing a current through the field coils 20a and 20b. At this time, since the two second magnetic pole component members 26d facing each other in the radial direction need only be magnetized to the same polarity, the other end portions of the two second magnetic pole component members 26d are axially arranged on the same side of the rotor core 14b. The first magnetic circuit MC1 and the second magnetic circuit MC2 may be magnetized by projecting from the end face, or both the first and second magnetic circuits MC1 and MC2 may be magnetized by projecting both ends. Alternatively, the first magnetic circuit MC1 and the second magnetic circuit MC2 may be divided and magnetized by differentiating the protruding directions of the ends of the two magnetic pole component members 26d.

  Further, in this embodiment, in order to allow the magnetic flux to flow satisfactorily from the first magnetic pole constituting member 24d to the second magnetic pole constituting member 26d in the rotor core 14b, no low magnetic permeability region is provided in the salient pole portion 40. It is preferable to do this. Further, the strong magnetic field control and the weak magnetic field control can be performed by causing the field magnetic flux generated by the field coil 20b to flow through the second magnetic pole component 26d via the second magnetic circuit MC2 so as to be added to or reduced from the magnet magnetic flux.

  As described above, also with the rotating electrical machine 10B of this embodiment, the amount of magnets used in the rotor of the variable field rotating electrical machine can be suppressed, and the cost can be reduced.

  In addition, although the rotary electric machine 10, 10A, 10B of each embodiment was demonstrated in the above, the rotary electric machine which concerns on this invention is not limited to the said structure, A various change and improvement are possible.

  For example, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, an IPM (Interior Permanent Magnet) type rotor in which a magnet is embedded is illustrated, but an SPM (Surface Permanent Magnet) type rotor in which the surface of the magnet is exposed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core. Also good.

  The rotating electrical machine according to the present invention is not limited to being mounted as a power source of an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle, an electric vehicle, or a fuel cell vehicle, and is mounted on various devices such as industrial machines, air conditioning machines, and environmental devices. The present invention can also be applied to a rotating electric machine.

  10, 10A, 10B Rotating electrical machine, 12 Rotating shaft, 13 Electrical steel plate, 14, 14a, 14b Rotor core, 15 Rotor, 16 Stator, 18 Field yoke, 18a, 18b End plate, 18c Side wall, 19a, 19b Protrusion , 20a, 20b Field coil, 22 Bearing, 23 Through hole, 24, 24b, 24c, 24d First magnetic pole component, 24a One end, 26, 26b, 26c, 26d Second magnetic pole component, 26a The other end, 27 pocket part, 29 low magnetic permeability region, 30 stator core, 32 stator teeth, 34 stator coil, 40 salient pole part, G air gap, MC1 first magnetic circuit, MC2 second magnetic circuit.

Claims (6)

A rotating shaft provided rotatably,
A rotor core fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft;
A cylindrical stator in which a stator coil is wound around the inner periphery of the rotor core, with a gap disposed radially outward;
A field yoke provided on the outer periphery of the stator;
The magnetic flux between the rotor core and the stator core can be reduced by forming first and second magnetic circuits respectively provided at both axial ends of the field yoke and between the field yoke and the rotor core. A controllable field winding,
The rotor core has a first magnetic pole component member and a second magnetic pole component member on the outer peripheral portion thereof in a circumferential direction,
The first magnetic pole constituting member constitutes a part of the first magnetic circuit through which a magnetic flux generated by the field winding on one axial end side flows, and the second magnetic pole constituting member constitutes the field magnet on the other axial end side. Constituting a part of the second magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux generated by the winding flows;
Rotating electric machine. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The first magnetic pole constituting member has one end close to the portion of the field yoke around which the field winding on the one end side in the axial direction is wound, and the other end portion on the other end side in the axial direction. Spaced apart from the portion of the field yoke around which the field winding is wound,
The second magnetic pole constituting member has one end spaced from the portion of the field yoke around which the field winding on one end side in the axial direction is wound, and the other end portion on the other end side in the axial direction. A rotating electrical machine, characterized in that it is close to a portion of the field yoke around which the field winding is wound. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2,
Each of the first and second magnetic pole constituent members is made of a molded magnetic material, one end of the first magnetic pole constituent member projects from one end surface of the rotor core, and the other end of the second magnetic pole constituent member A rotating electric machine characterized in that a portion projects from the other end surface of the rotor core. In the rotary electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The rotor core has a plurality of salient pole portions protruding radially outward at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the first and second magnetic pole component members are embedded in the salient pole portions adjacent in the circumferential direction. Rotating electric machine. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 4,
A rotating electrical machine, wherein a low magnetic permeability region is provided in the salient pole portion so as to face radially inner surfaces of the first and second magnetic pole constituent members. In the rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Of the first and second magnetic pole constituent members, at least one set of the first and second magnetic pole constituent members is constituted by a non-magnet member made of a powder molded magnetic body, and the other set of the first and second magnetic pole constituent members. A rotating electrical machine, wherein the constituent members are made of magnets.

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