JP2012158446A - Forklift - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a forklift capable of adjusting a fork width by using lift force of a lift bracket.SOLUTION: The lift bracket 20 is liftably arranged on the mast 10 side arranged on the vehicle body 2 side via a lifting motion device 30. A pair of right-left forks 38 are laterally movably arranged on the lift bracket 20. An expansion link mechanism 40 is arranged between both forks 38, and a central part of the expansion link mechanism 40 is connectably-separably constituted on the mast 10 side. Lifting motion of the lift bracket is performed by the lifting motion device in a state of connecting the central part to the mast side, so that the expansion link mechanism can be expandably moved in the lateral direction, and both forks can be mutually separated or approached and can be adjusted in a fork width. By only arranging the expansion link mechanism between both forks, and adding a simple constitution for freely connecting-separating the central part of the expansion link mechanism to the mast side, the fork width can be adjusted by using the lift force of the lift bracket by the lifting motion device, the whole can be inexpensively constituted by dispensing with a driving device for adjusting the fork width, and an interval is surely adjusted even in the case of large forks.

Description

  The present invention relates to a forklift in which, for example, a lift bracket is provided so as to be movable up and down relative to the mast side, and a fork is provided so as to be movable left and right relative to the lift bracket side.

  Conventionally, the following configuration is provided as this type. In other words, it includes a pair of left and right masts provided at the front of the vehicle, a carriage that can be raised and lowered along these masts, and a pair of left and right forks that are supported by the carriage and are slid in the left and right directions to adjust the interval. A cargo handling device for a cargo handling vehicle is provided with a link mechanism that connects the left and right forks and a drive device that drives the link mechanism. And the link mechanism that connects the left and right forks is driven symmetrically from the center between the left and right forks by the drive device, so that the forks are slid along the carriage, the interval between the forks is adjusted, The left and right fork slides are synchronized so that the center between the forks does not deviate from the center line of the cargo handling vehicle (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2010-180040 (page 3, FIG. 1 to FIG. 3) Microfilm of Japanese Utility Model No. 1-9134 (Japanese Utility Model Application No. 2-99897)

  However, according to the conventional configuration described above, the configuration for adjusting the distance between the left and right forks is composed of a link mechanism and a drive device (cylinder device), so that an expensive drive device is required, particularly in the case of a large fork. In order to reliably adjust the interval, a large and expensive drive device is required.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a forklift that can adjust the fork width using the lift force of the lift bracket.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, a forklift according to claim 1 of the present invention is provided with a lift bracket that can be raised and lowered via a lifting device on the mast side provided on the vehicle body side. A pair of left and right forks are provided so as to be movable left and right, and an expansion / contraction link mechanism is provided between the two forks, and the central portion of the expansion / contraction link mechanism is configured to be connected and separated to the mast side. .

  Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the forklift can move the lift bracket up and down by operating the lifting device, so that the fork can be lifted up and down to perform the intended fork work. At that time, the desired fork work can be performed stably by adjusting the fork width of both forks according to the size of the object to be transported, and the central part of the telescopic link mechanism is separated from the mast side. By doing so, it can be performed without any trouble on the telescopic link mechanism side.

  In order to adjust the fork width in accordance with the size of the object to be handled, the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism is first connected to the mast side, and the lift bracket is moved up and down by the lifting device in this state. Then, the connecting position of the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism is displaced up and down with respect to the lift bracket, thereby causing the telescopic link mechanism to expand and contract in the left-right direction. Accordingly, the pair of left and right forks can be moved away from each other or moved closer to each other, so that the fork width can be adjusted to the size of the object to be handled. At that time, due to the action of the telescopic link mechanism, the paired left and right forks move or move closer to each other, and the forks are always arranged equally on the left and right. After adjusting the fork width in this way, the intended fork work can be performed by separating the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism from the mast side.

  The forklift according to claim 2 of the present invention is the forklift according to claim 1, wherein the mast is vertically moved by an outer frame on the vehicle body side and an inner frame which is guided to the outer frame and can be raised and lowered. It is configured to be extendable and retractable, and a lift bracket is provided on the inner frame side so as to be movable up and down, and the expansion and contraction link mechanism is made of a pantograph type, and its central portion is configured to be connected and separated to the inner frame side. Is.

  Therefore, according to the invention of claim 2, the forklift can raise and lower the inner frame with respect to the outer frame by operating the raising and lowering device, and the lift bracket can be raised and lowered with respect to the inner frame. The desired fork work can be carried out by moving up and down. In order to adjust the fork width, first, the central portion of the pantograph-type telescopic link mechanism is connected to the inner frame side, and the lift bracket is moved up and down by the lifting device in this state. Then, the connection position of the central part of the telescopic link mechanism is displaced up and down with respect to the lift bracket by the difference between the lift amount of the inner frame and the lift bracket, so that the telescopic link mechanism is moved in the horizontal direction. Can be adjusted to the fork width. At this time, due to the action of the pantograph-type telescopic link mechanism, the paired left and right forks move or move close to each other, and the forks are always arranged equally on the left and right. After adjusting the fork width in this way, the desired fork work can be performed by separating the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism from the inner frame side.

  A forklift according to a third aspect of the present invention is the forklift according to the first or second aspect, in which the connection and separation are provided at the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism, and the cylindrical hook. It is characterized in that it is performed by a connecting body that can be inserted into and removed from the penetration part of the body and detachable from the mast side.

  Therefore, according to invention of Claim 3, the center part of an expansion-contraction link mechanism can be connected to the mast side by inserting a connection body into the penetration part of a cylindrical latching body from the front, and making it wear on the mast side. After adjusting the fork width, the connecting body is pulled out and removed from the mast side, and the central part of the telescopic link mechanism is moved to the mast side by pulling it out from the penetrating part of the cylindrical latching body. Can be separated from

  According to the first aspect of the present invention described above, the forklift can raise and lower the lift bracket by operating the elevating device, so that the fork can be raised and lowered to perform the intended fork work. At that time, the desired fork work can be performed stably by adjusting the fork width of both forks according to the size of the object to be transported, and the central part of the telescopic link mechanism is on the mast side. By separating them from each other, it can be performed without any trouble on the telescopic link mechanism side.

  In order to adjust the fork width in accordance with the size of the object to be handled, the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism is first connected to the mast side, and the lift bracket is moved up and down by the lifting device in this state. Then, the connecting position of the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism is displaced up and down with respect to the lift bracket, so that the telescopic link mechanism can be expanded and contracted in the left-right direction. Accordingly, the pair of left and right forks can be moved away from each other or moved closer to each other, so that the fork width can be adjusted according to the size of the object to be handled. At this time, due to the action of the telescopic link mechanism, the separation movement or approach movement of the pair of left and right forks becomes a left-right synchronization type, so that the forks can always be arranged equally on the left and right. After adjusting the fork width in this manner, the intended fork work can be performed by separating the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism from the mast side.

  In this way, the lift force of the lift bracket by the lifting and lowering device can be used simply by providing a telescopic link mechanism between both forks and adding a simple configuration in which the central part of this telescopic link mechanism can be connected and separated to the mast side. Therefore, the fork width can be adjusted, so that a drive device for adjusting the fork width is not required, and the whole can be constructed at a low cost. It can be performed.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the forklift can move the inner frame up and down relative to the outer frame by operating the lifting device, and can lift and lower the lift bracket relative to the inner frame. The fork can be moved up and down to perform the desired fork work. In order to adjust the fork width, first, the central part of the pantograph-type telescopic link mechanism is connected to the inner frame side, and in this state, the lift bracket is moved up and down by the lifting device, so that the lift amount of the inner frame and the lift The connecting position of the central part of the telescopic link mechanism is displaced up and down with respect to the lift bracket by the difference from the lifting amount of the bracket, so that the telescopic link mechanism can be expanded and contracted in the left-right direction and adjusted to the fork width. At this time, due to the action of the pantograph-type telescopic link mechanism, the paired left and right forks move or move close to each other so that the forks can always be arranged equally on the left and right. After adjusting the fork width in this way, the intended fork work can be performed by separating the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism from the inner frame side.

  And according to Claim 3 of this invention mentioned above, the center part of an expansion-contraction link mechanism can be connected to the mast side by inserting a connection body into the penetration part of a cylindrical latching body from the front, and making it wear on the mast side. . After adjusting the fork width, the connecting body is pulled out and removed from the mast side, and the central part of the telescopic link mechanism is moved to the mast side by pulling it out from the penetrating part of the cylindrical latching body. Can be separated from Thereby, the center part of an expansion-contraction link mechanism can be connected and separated easily and easily with respect to the mast side.

1 shows Embodiment 1 of the present invention and is a front view of a forklift. FIG. It is a side view of the forklift. It is a top view of the forklift. It is a partially notched top view of the expansion-contraction link mechanism part in the same forklift. FIG. 2A is a partially cutaway plan view before connection, and FIG. 2B is a partially cutaway plan view after connection, in a connection separation portion in the forklift. It is a disassembled perspective view of the lift bracket part in the forklift. It is a front view after the fork width change in the forklift.

[Embodiment 1]
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3, the forklift 1 is provided with a pair of left and right front wheels (drive wheels) 3 at the front portion of the vehicle body 2 and a pair of left and right rear wheels (reversing wheels) 4 at the rear portion. A driving unit 5 is provided above the front portion of the vehicle body 2. A mast 10 that can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction is attached to the front end of the vehicle body 2 via a mast connecting shaft 7 in the vehicle width direction so as to be tiltable in the front-rear direction, and a tilt cylinder 8 that tilts in the front-rear direction. 2 and the mast 10. The driver 5 is provided with a seat 15, a handle 16 positioned in front of the seat 15, and a head guard 17 is provided above. Further, a counterweight 18 is provided on the vehicle body 2 behind the seat 15.

  The mast 10 includes a pair of left and right outer frames 11 on the vehicle body 2 side, and a pair of left and right inner frames 13 which are guided by the outer frame 11 via an inner frame roller 12 and can freely move up and down. The tilt cylinders 8 are connected to each other, and a plurality of portions in the vertical direction are connected by a connecting member 14 in the horizontal direction between the pair of left and right inner frames 13. A lift bracket 20 is provided on the inner frame 13 side so as to be lifted and lowered by being guided via a bracket roller 22. The lift bracket 20 has a rectangular flat frame shape, and is arranged with the thickness direction as the front-rear direction, the long direction as the left-right direction, and the short direction as the up-down direction, and via the holding body 21 on the rear surface side. The bracket roller 22 is provided to be freely rotatable. An upward guide portion 20A is formed on the upper frame body of the lift bracket 20, and a downward guide portion 20B is formed on the lower frame body.

  On the mast 10 side, an elevating device 30 for elevating the lift bracket 20 is provided. The elevating device 30 includes a lift cylinder 31 provided between the outer frame 11 and the inner frame 13, The lift interlocking means 32 is provided between the lift bracket 20 and the lift bracket 20. The lift interlocking means 32 includes a pair of left and right idler teeth 33 provided on the upper part of the inner frame 13 and chains 34 wound around the idler teeth 33, respectively. Are connected to the outer frame 11 side via a connecting member 35, and the outer lower ends of both chains 34 are connected to the lift bracket 20 side via a connecting member 36. An example of the lifting device 30 is configured by the above 31-36 and the like.

  1 to 6, the lift bracket 20 is provided with a pair of left and right forks 38. The forks 38 are L-shaped, and a downwardly guided portion 39A and an upward guided portion 39B are vertically arranged on the rear surface thereof. It is provided as a pair. Then, the downward guided portion 39A is slidably engaged with the upward guide portion 20A, and the upward guided portion 39B is slidably engaged with the downward guide portion 20B, so that A pair of forks 38 is configured to be movable left and right.

  An expansion / contraction link mechanism 40 is provided between the both forks 38, and a central portion of the expansion / contraction link mechanism 40 is configured to be connected and separated to the mast 10 side. That is, in the telescopic link mechanism 40, the left and right outer ends of the pair of upper and lower links 41 are connected to the inner side surface of the fork 38 via the outer end connecting pins 42 in the front-rear direction so as to swing up and down. The intermediate portion is connected to the intermediate connecting pin 43 in the front-rear direction so as to be rotatable relative to each other, and the inner left and right ends of the pair of upper and lower links 41 are connected to be rotatable relative to each other. It is configured.

  At that time, the lower left and right inner ends between the left and right inner ends of the pair of upper and lower links 41 are connected to each other via an inner end connecting pin 44 in the front and rear direction so as to be relatively rotatable. Between the inner ends, the upper left and right inner ends are connected to each other via a cylindrical hooking body 45 in the front-rear direction so as to be relatively rotatable. Here, the cylindrical hooking body 45 has a through-hole 46 formed in the center and an outer flange 45a formed at the inner end thereof, and the upper left and right inner ends of both links 41 are externally rotatable. After being fitted, the link 41 on the outer end side is fixed to the cylindrical hooking body 45 by welding or the like. An example of the telescopic link mechanism 40 is configured by the above 41-46 and the like.

  The central portion of the telescopic link mechanism 40 having such a configuration is configured to be connected and separated to the inner frame 13 side. At that time, the connection / separation can be inserted into and removed from the cylindrical hooking body 45 provided in the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism 40, and the through-hole 46 of the cylindrical hooking body 45, and detachable from the mast 10 side. It is comprised so that it may be performed with the pin-shaped connection body 50. FIG. That is, a pair of upper and lower receiving members 51 are disposed on the front sides of both inner frames 13 with a predetermined interval. A link-shaped holding member 52 is disposed between the front surfaces of both inner frames 13, and the holding members 52 are detachable from the front side of the two sets of receiving members 51 (can be fitted and detached), or It is configured to be detachable (removable) from the left and right.

  A through-hole 53 in the front-rear direction is formed at the center in the left-right direction of the holding member 52, and the holding member 52 is inserted into the through-hole 53 by inserting the small-diameter portion 50 </ b> A of the connector 50 from the front side. The connecting body 50 is configured to be detachable with respect to the mast 10 side. At that time, the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism 40 is located on the inner frame 13 side (mast 10 side) by inserting and removing the connecting body 50 from the through-hole 46 of the cylindrical hooking body 45 of the connecting body 50. It can be connected and separated.

Hereinafter, the operation in the first embodiment will be described.
The forklift 1 can travel by an operator sitting on the seat 15 of the driving unit 5 operating the handle 16. Then, by operating the lift lever 31 of the lifting device 30 by operating the lift lever, the inner frame 13 is moved up and down relative to the outer frame 11, and the lift interlocking means 32 is moved up and down by the inner frame 13. Thus, the lift bracket 20 can be moved up and down, whereby the fork 38 can be moved up and down. In addition, the operator can tilt (rotate) the mast 10 in the front-rear direction via the mast connecting shaft 7 by operating the tilt operation lever, for example, to expand and contract the tilt cylinder 8. Can also be tilted together. By these operations, the desired fork work can be performed. At that time, the intended fork work can be performed stably by adjusting the fork width W, which is the distance between the outer surfaces of the two forks 38, according to the size of the object to be transported. By removing the connecting body 50 from the cylindrical hooking body 45 and detaching the holding member 52 from the receiving member 51, it can be performed without any trouble on the telescopic link mechanism 40 side.

  In order to adjust the fork width W in accordance with the size of the object to be handled, the lift bracket 20 is first moved up and down by the lifting device 30, and the position of the cylindrical hooking body 45 in the telescopic link mechanism 40 is received. The level is adjusted to the receiving position of the holding member 52 by 51. Next, the receiving member 51 is mounted (inserted) on the holding member 52 from the left and right sides and disposed between the inner frames 13, and then the through portion 46 of the cylindrical hooking body 45 is held when viewed from the front. It is confirmed whether or not it matches with the through hole 53 of the member 52, and when it does not match, the lifting bracket 20 is adjusted up and down again by the lifting and lowering device 30 to make it match. Then, as shown in FIG. 5A, after confirming the conformity, the connecting body 50 is inserted into the through-hole 46 of the cylindrical hooking body 45 from the front, and the small-diameter portion 50 </ b> A is inserted into the through-hole of the holding member 52. By engaging with 53, the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism 40 can be connected to the holding member 52 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and FIG. 5 (b).

  In this manner, the lifting bracket 20 is moved up and down by the lifting device 30 in a state where the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism 40 is connected to the inner frame 13 side (mast 10 side) via the connecting body 50 and the holding member 52. I do. Then, the amount of lift of the lift bracket 20 via the lift interlocking means 32 is smaller than the amount of lift of the inner frame 13 by the lift cylinder 31, so that the connection position of the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism 40 is the difference. It is displaced up and down with respect to the lift bracket 20, thereby causing the telescopic link mechanism 40 to expand and contract in the left-right direction. As a result, the pair of forks 38 can be moved away from each other or moved closer to each other so that the fork width W can be adjusted to the size of the object to be handled.

  That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the fork width W obtained by extending the telescopic link mechanism 40 in the left-right direction when the position of the lift bracket 20 or the coupling body 50 is at the lower limit, and moving both forks 38 away from each other, As shown in FIG. 7, the upward movement causes the vertical position difference between the lift bracket 20 and the connecting body 50 to increase, so that the telescopic link mechanism 40 is contracted in the left-right direction, so that the forks 38 are moved to each other. It can be adjusted to the fork width W that is moved closer. At this time, due to the action of the telescopic link mechanism 40, the paired left and right forks 38 are moved in a left-right synchronized manner, so that the forks 38 are always arranged equally on the left and right. The left-right movement (separation movement or approaching movement) of the pair of forks 38 is stably performed by supporting and guiding the guided portions 39A and 39B to the both guide portions 20A and 20B.

  As described above, the telescopic link mechanism 40 is provided between the both forks 38, and the lift by the elevating device 30 is simply added by adding a simple configuration in which the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism 40 can be connected and separated to the mast 10 side. The fork width W can be adjusted by using the lift force of the bracket 20, so that a drive device for adjusting the fork width is not required and the whole can be configured at low cost. Even in the case of a fork, the distance can be adjusted reliably.

  After adjusting the fork width W in this way, the connecting body 50 is pulled out to move through the through-hole 53 of the holding member 52 and the cylindrical hooking body 45 as shown in FIG. By pulling out from the portion 46 and detaching (pulling out) the holding member 52 from the left and right sides with respect to the receiving member 51, the intended fork operation can be performed.

  In the above description, the lift bracket 20 is first moved up and down by the lifting device 30 to adjust the level of the position of the cylindrical hooking body 45 in the telescopic link mechanism 40 to the receiving position of the holding member 52 by the receiving member 51, and then the receiving member 51. However, depending on the position of the lift bracket 20 at the start of adjustment, the holding member 52 is first attached (inserted) to the receiving member 51 and then moved up and down. The lift bracket 20 may be moved up and down by the device 30, and the level of the cylindrical hooking body 45 in the telescopic link mechanism 40 may be leveled with the through hole 53 of the holding member 52.

  In the above description, the receiving member 51 is attached to and detached from (removed from) the left and right sides with respect to the holding member 52. However, depending on the position of the lift bracket 20 at the start of adjustment, the holding member 52 is replaced with two sets of receiving members 51. On the other hand, it may be attached / detached (fitted / detached) from the front side.

  In the first embodiment described above, a form in which the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism 40 is configured to be freely connected to and separated from the inner frame 13 side is shown. This is because the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism 40 is disposed on the outer frame 11 side. The form etc. which were comprised so that connection separation was possible may be sufficient. In this case, the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism 40 is aligned by raising and lowering with respect to the holding member 52 side at a certain level.

  In the above-described first embodiment, the connecting body 50 is inserted into the through-hole 46 of the cylindrical latching body 45 from the front, and the small-diameter portion 50A is fitted into the through-hole 53 of the holding member 52, whereby the telescopic link mechanism. Although the form which connects the center part of 40 to the holding member 52 is shown, this is a form in which the end of the connecting body 50 is screwed into the screw hole of the holding member 52 or the end of the connecting body 50. For example, the portion may be bolted to the holding member 52.

  In the first embodiment described above, a form in which the upper left and right inner ends between the left and right inner ends of the pair of upper and lower links 41 are connected via a cylindrical hooking body 45 in the front and rear direction so as to be relatively rotatable is shown. However, this is because the upper left and right inner ends of the pair of upper and lower links are connected to each other by an inner end connecting pin so as to be relatively rotatable, and either one of the links is extended upward, and the extended portion thereof In which a through-hole for the connecting body 50 is formed, or another short link is connected to the inner end connecting pin so as to be relatively rotatable, and a through-hole for the connecting body 50 is formed in the short link. May be.

In the first embodiment described above, a form in which the telescopic link mechanism 40 is expanded and contracted in the left-right direction is shown, but this may be a form in which it is expanded and contracted in the vertical direction.
In the first embodiment described above, the pantograph type is shown as the telescopic link mechanism 40, but this may be a type in which the link body is only swung.

  In the above-described first embodiment, the lift device 30 includes the lift cylinder 31 and the lift interlocking means 32, but this is replaced with the lift interlocking means 32, and the inner frame 13, the lift bracket 20, A type in which another cylinder is provided between them may be used.

In the first embodiment described above, the mast 10 has a form including the outer frame 11 and the inner frame 13, but this is a form in which an intermediate frame is provided between the outer frame and the inner frame. Also good.
In the first embodiment described above, a form in which a fork 38 or the like is provided at the front part of the vehicle body 2 is shown. This is a side fork type in which a lateral fork or the like is provided in the middle part of the vehicle body. It may be a forklift.

  In the first embodiment described above, the rear face of the fork 38 is shown as having a downwardly guided portion 39A and an upwardly guided portion 39B as a pair of upper and lower sides, but this is only the downward guided portion 39A. Alternatively, the upward guided portion 39B may be omitted. Further, the fork 38 having the fork width W adjusted may be fixed to the lift bracket 20 side with a pin, a bolt, or the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Forklift 2 Car body 5 Operation part 8 Tilt cylinder 10 Mast 11 Outer frame 12 Inner frame roller 13 Inner frame 15 Seat 16 Handle 20 Lift bracket 20A Upward guide part 20B Downward guide part 22 Bracket roller 30 Lifting device 31 Lift cylinder 32 Lift interlock Means 33 idler tooth ring 34 chain 38 fork 39A downward guided portion 39B upward guided portion 40 telescopic link mechanism 41 link 45 cylindrical hooking body 45a flange 46 penetrating portion 50 connecting body 50A small diameter portion 51 receiving member 52 holding member 53 Through hole W Fork width

Claims (3)

  On the mast side provided on the vehicle body side, a lift bracket is provided so as to be movable up and down via an elevating device, and a pair of left and right forks is provided on the lift bracket so as to be movable left and right. A forklift characterized in that a mechanism is provided and a central portion of the telescopic link mechanism is configured to be freely connected to and separated from the mast side.   The mast is configured to expand and contract in the vertical direction by an outer frame on the vehicle body side and an inner frame guided to the outer frame side and freely movable up and down, and a lift bracket is provided on the inner frame side so as to be movable up and down. 2. The forklift according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic link mechanism is of a pantograph type and has a central portion that can be connected and separated to the inner frame side. The connection / separation is performed by a cylindrical hook provided in the central portion of the telescopic link mechanism, and a connecting body that can be inserted into and removed from the through portion of the cylindrical hook and detachable from the mast side. The forklift according to claim 1 or 2.

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