JP2012150143A - Vibration control compensation optical device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vibration control compensation optical device having a compensation optical function which corrects fluctuation of an image caused by fluctuation of air, in addition to a vibration control function.SOLUTION: A telescope TS as a vibration control compensation optical device has: an optical system including an objective lens OL which images the image of a subject and controls vibration by moving the image by an optical axis direction adjusting member so as to have a component in a direction perpendicular to an optical axis; a wavefront compensation member AM which is arranged in the optical system and arbitrarily changes the shape of a reflection surface reflecting the light flux from a subject; a wavefront detection member WS which receives the light flux reflected by the wavefront compensation member AM to detect wavefront aberration; and a control unit CU which changes the shape of the reflection surface of the wavefront compensation member AM corresponding to the wavefront aberration detected by the wavefront detection member WS to compensate the wavefront aberration.

Description

  The present invention relates to an image stabilization optical apparatus.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, optical devices such as a camera having an anti-vibration function and an anti-vibration telescope are known. These optical devices were able to correct camera shake and vibration when the tripod was fixed, and obtain relatively clear images and observation images (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

International Publication No. WO2009 / 093582 Specification

  However, in the above optical apparatus, image blur due to vibration of the apparatus main body can be corrected, but image fluctuation due to air fluctuation existing between the subject or target object and the optical apparatus cannot be corrected. In shooting and observing the target object, there is a problem that a clear image or observation image cannot be obtained.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an image stabilization optical apparatus having an compensation optical function for correcting image fluctuations due to air fluctuations in addition to the image stabilization function. And

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the image stabilization optical device according to the present invention forms an image of a subject and has an optical axis direction adjusting member so that the image has a component in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. An optical system that includes an objective lens that is moved to prevent vibration, a wavefront compensation member that is disposed in the optical system and that arbitrarily changes the shape of a reflection surface that reflects a light beam from a subject, and the wavefront compensation member reflects the light. A wavefront detecting member that receives a light beam and detects wavefront aberration; and a control unit that compensates the wavefront aberration by changing the shape of the reflecting surface of the wavefront compensation member according to the wavefront aberration detected by the wavefront detecting member. It is characterized by that.

  Such an anti-vibration compensation optical device is disposed between the wavefront compensation member and the wavefront detection member, reflects a part of the light beam reflected by the wavefront compensation member, and transmits the rest to split the light beam. It is preferable to have a selective reflection member that guides one light beam to the wavefront detection member and forms an image with the other light beam.

  Moreover, it is preferable that such an image stabilization optical apparatus has a light beam projection unit that projects light for detecting wavefront aberration on the wavefront detection member onto the subject.

  At this time, the light beam projection unit projects light having a wavelength other than visible light onto the subject as light for detecting wavefront aberration, and the selective reflection member is either visible light or light for detecting wavefront aberration. It is preferable to reflect one of them and transmit the other.

  Moreover, it is preferable that such an image stabilization optical apparatus has an erecting optical system that converts an image formed by the objective lens into an erect image.

  At this time, the erecting optical system converts the image formed by the objective lens into an erecting image by reflecting light from the subject, and the wavefront compensation member and the selective reflection member are reflected by the erecting optical system. It is preferable to constitute a part of the surface.

  In addition, it is preferable that such an image stabilization optical apparatus is focused by moving at least a part of the objective lens along the optical axis.

  In such an image stabilization optical device, the optical axis direction adjusting member is at least a part of the objective lens, and the lens is moved so as to have a component in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Anti-vibration is preferred.

  Moreover, it is preferable that such an image stabilization optical apparatus has an eyepiece that observes the image of the objective lens.

  In the image stabilization optical apparatus according to the present invention, the image blur due to the vibration of the apparatus body is corrected, and the image fluctuation due to the air fluctuation existing between the subject or the target object and the optical apparatus is also corrected, It has become possible to obtain clear images and observation images even when photographing and observing distant subjects and target objects.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the image stabilization optical apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the vibration proof compensation optical apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the vibration proof compensation optical apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the vibration proof compensation optical apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, a telescope TS will be described as an example of the image stabilization optical device.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows an optical system and a control system of the telescope TS according to the first embodiment. The optical system of the telescope TS includes an objective lens OL for forming an image of the subject or target object (intermediate image I), and an erecting optical system ES for converting an inverted image formed by the objective lens OL into an erect image. An eyepiece lens EP for observing the intermediate image I. In the present embodiment, the objective lens OL is shown as having three lens groups OL1, OL2, OL3. The telescope TS performs focusing by moving a part of the objective lens OL (for example, the second lens group OL2) in the optical axis direction as a focusing lens group. Further, based on information from a gyro sensor (such as an angular velocity sensor) (not shown), a shake of the apparatus main body is detected, and a part of the objective lens OL (for example, the third lens group OL3) is moved in the optical axis direction so as to cancel the shake. The image stabilization lens group, which is an adjustment member, is moved so as to have a component in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, thereby performing image stabilization. The first to third lens groups OL1 to OL3 constituting the objective lens OL may be constituted by a single lens or a cemented lens, or may be constituted by combining a plurality of these lenses.

  Further, in the telescope TS, the wavefront compensation member AM and the selective transmission member DM are disposed in the optical path between the second lens group OL2 and the third lens group OL3, and the transmission through the selective transmission member DM. The wavefront detection member WS is disposed at a position where the incident light beam enters. Here, the wavefront compensation member AM is composed of a mirror having a large number of piezoelectric elements arranged on the back surface, and the surface shape of the reflecting surface can be arbitrarily changed. Therefore, the light emitted from the second lens group OL2 is reflected by the wavefront compensation member AM and enters the selective transmission member DM. The selective transmission member DM is formed of, for example, a half mirror, and a part of the light beam from the subject or target object is reflected and guided to the third lens group OL3, and the remaining light beam is transmitted to detect the wavefront. Guided to member WS.

  This telescope TS has a control unit CU and is configured to detect wavefront aberration generated by air fluctuations by the wavefront detection member WS and to compensate in real time by changing the surface shape of the reflection surface of the wavefront compensation member AM. Has been. That is, a part of the light beam emitted from the subject or the target object is guided to the wavefront detection member WS by the selective transmission member DM arranged in the optical path, thereby detecting the wavefront aberration and performing analysis by the control unit CU, The wavefront compensation member AM is driven so as to compensate the wavefront aberration. Here, a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor is used as the wavefront detection member WS. The Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor has a microlens array in which a plurality of microlenses are two-dimensionally arranged, and an image sensor arranged on the focal plane of the microlens, and is imaged by each microlens. The wavefront aberration is detected from the position of the point image.

  When the telescope TS according to the present embodiment is configured as described above, image blur due to vibration of the telescope main body is corrected by the anti-vibration lens group OL3, and air fluctuation existing between the subject or target object and the telescope TS is corrected. Therefore, a clear image and an observed image can be obtained even in photographing and observing a distant subject or a target object by correcting the fluctuation of the image by the wavefront compensation member AM.

  As described above, the telescope TS according to the present embodiment detects wavefront aberration by the light flux from a specific object in the field of view, but it is also possible to artificially create a dedicated object for wavefront compensation. It is. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a light source LD composed of an LED or a laser diode that emits light for measuring wavefront aberration such as laser light (infrared light) and the light from the light source LD into a substantially parallel light flux. A light beam projection part PR comprising a collimator lens CL is provided, and the optical axis of the light beam projection part PR is arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the optical axis of the objective lens OL. Then, light (infrared light) from the light source LD is made into a substantially parallel light flux through the collimator lens CL and projected into the field of view, a spot is created on the surface of the subject or target object, and this spot light is emitted from the objective lens OL. It is also possible to configure so as to detect the wavefront aberration by condensing by the first and second lens groups OL1 and OL2 and receiving by the wavefront detection member WS. In this case, the selective transmission member DM can be configured to be a dichroic mirror, for example, to transmit infrared light and reflect visible light. Therefore, most of the visible light that has exited from the subject or target object and entered the selective transmission member DM is guided to the third lens group OL3, and is used for observation of the subject or target object. Further, most of the infrared light incident on the selective transmission member DM is guided to the wavefront detection member WS and used for measurement of wavefront aberration. The selective transmission member DM may reflect infrared light and transmit visible light. In this way, laser light (infrared light) is used to measure wavefront aberration, and visible light and infrared light are separated by reflection and transmission or transmission and reflection by the selective transmission member DM. The wavefront detection member WS can receive only infrared light, and it is also possible to secure a bright field of view by minimizing the loss of visible light necessary for observation.

  In the telescope TS according to this embodiment, the operations of the focusing lens group OL2 and the anti-vibration lens group OL3 and the operation of the light source LD are also controlled by the control unit CU.

  Further, the above description has been given of the case where the present invention is applied to the telescope TS as an example of the image stabilization optical device, but the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to binoculars, field scopes, and the like. It is. In addition, as an optical axis direction adjusting member, a case has been described in which a part of the objective lens OL (third lens group OL3) is moved so as to have a component in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis to perform vibration isolation. The present invention is not limited to this. For example, a variable apex angle prism can be arranged in the objective lens OL to perform image stabilization. Here, the variable apex angle prism is configured by connecting two glass plates in a V shape and connecting them with a bellows-like connection member made of a special film. Further, the space surrounded by the glass plate and the connection member is filled with a liquid having a high refractive index. The variable apex angle prism uses the portion where the two glass plates are connected as the apex angle of the prism, and opens and closes the two glass plates around the apex angle (changes the apex angle), thereby changing the objective angle. The imaging position by the lens OL can be moved so as to have a component in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Thereby, the same effect as moving a part of the objective lens OL described above (third lens group OL3) can be obtained.

[Second Embodiment]
As described above, when the image stabilization optical device is used as the terrestrial telescope TS for observing a target object on a distant ground, the erecting optical system ES that inverts the image formed by the objective lens OL vertically and horizontally. is required. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the erecting optical system ES can be formed as an erecting reflection system by including the wavefront compensation member AM, the selective transmission member DM, and the prism PL described above. In the following description, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted (the same applies to the subsequent embodiments).

  In the case of the telescope TS according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the light beam that has exited from the subject or the target object and has been condensed by the first and second lens groups OL1 and OL2 of the objective lens OL is a wavefront compensation member AM. And is incident on the selective transmission member DM. A part of the light beam incident on the selective transmission member DM is reflected by the selective transmission member DM and incident on the prism PL, and is reflected twice in the prism PL and guided to the third lens group OL3. An intermediate image I of the subject or target object is formed and observed with the eyepiece lens EP. In FIG. 2, the light beam incident on the prism PL is reflected in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, further reflected in the right direction on the paper surface, passes through the side of the selective transmission member DM, and enters the third lens group OL3. It is configured as follows. On the other hand, the remainder of the light beam incident on the selective transmission member DM passes through the selective transmission member DM, is guided to the wavefront detection member WS, and is used for measurement of wavefront aberration. That is, in the telescope TS according to the second embodiment, one surface of the reflecting surface of the erecting optical system ES is a wavefront compensation member AM, another surface is a selective transmission member DM, and a part of the light beam is a wavefront detection member. In addition to being guided to the WS, the remainder of the light beam is reflected by the reflecting surface formed by the prism PL so that the intermediate image I becomes an erect image. With such a configuration, the wavefront compensation member AM and the selective transmission member DM are incorporated as the erecting optical system ES, so that the entire apparatus can be made small and light. Also in the second embodiment, a light beam projection unit PR including the light source LD and the collimator lens CL is provided, and the light from the light source LD is projected into the field of view as a substantially parallel light beam. You may comprise so that aberration may be compensated. In this case, a dichroic mirror is used as the selective transmission member DM.

[Third Embodiment]
In the telescope TS according to the first and second embodiments, after wavefront aberration is compensated for by the wavefront compensation member AM, image blur due to vibration of the main body is caused by the third lens group (anti-vibration lens group) OL3 of the objective lens OL. As shown in FIG. 3, the image stabilization lens group OL3 corrects the image blur due to the vibration of the main body and then the wavefront compensation member AM compensates for the wavefront aberration as shown in FIG. Is possible. That is, the telescope TL according to the third embodiment has the same configuration as the objective lens OL including the first to third lens groups OL1 to OL3 and the second embodiment, and corrects the wavefront aberration. And an eyepiece EP that is formed by the objective lens OL and that observes the intermediate image I that has become an erect image by the erecting optical system ES. By adopting such a configuration, image blur due to vibration of the apparatus main body is corrected before entering the wavefront detection member WS, so that the accuracy of wavefront compensation can be improved.

  In the case of the telescope TS according to the third embodiment, the collimator lens CL that converts the light source LD of the light beam projection unit PR into substantially parallel light is synchronized with the anti-vibration lens group OL3 and is perpendicular to the optical axis. By driving so as to have this component, the light source for wavefront compensation can also be anti-vibrated, and the accuracy of wavefront compensation can be further improved. Control of the operation of the collimator lens CL is also performed by the control unit CU. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3, instead of moving the collimator lens CL so as to have a component in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, the collimator lens CL is fixed, and the light source LD has a component in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis. It is also possible to make it vibration-proof by moving it as if it had it.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, a half mirror (or half prism) HM is disposed between the objective lens OL and the erecting optical system ES of the telescope TS configured as shown in FIG. 3, and the collimator lens CL is emitted from the light source LD. Infrared light (laser light) that has been made substantially parallel at 1 can be reflected by the half mirror HM, guided to the objective lens OL, and projected onto the subject or target object via the objective lens OL. is there. In this case, the infrared light reflected by the subject or the target object is collected by the objective lens OL, and a part of the infrared light passes through the half mirror HM. Then, as in the third embodiment, the light is reflected by the wavefront compensation member AM, enters the selective transmission member DM, passes through the selective transmission member DM, is guided to the wavefront detection member WS, and the wavefront aberration is measured. The On the other hand, the visible light emitted from the subject or the target object is collected by the objective lens OL, a part of which is transmitted through the half mirror HM, and the wavefront compensation member AM, the selective transmission member DM, and the prism of the erecting optical system ES. An intermediate image I that is reflected by the PL and converted into an erect image is formed and observed by the eyepiece lens EP.

  Even in the configuration of the fourth embodiment, since the image blur due to the vibration of the apparatus main body is corrected before entering the wavefront detection member WS, the accuracy of the wavefront compensation can be improved. In addition, since the image blur is corrected by the anti-vibration lens group OL3 of the objective lens OL in the infrared light (wavefront compensation light source LD) for measuring the wavefront aberration, the accuracy of the wavefront compensation can be further improved. .

TS telescope (anti-vibration compensation optical device) OL objective lens OL3 third lens group (optical axis direction adjustment member) AM wavefront compensation member WS wavefront detection member DM selective reflection member ES erecting optical system EP eyepiece CU control unit PR luminous flux Projection unit

Claims (9)

An optical system including an objective lens that forms an image of a subject and moves the image so as to have a component in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis by an optical axis direction adjustment member, thereby stabilizing the image;
A wavefront compensation member that is arranged in the optical system and arbitrarily changes the shape of a reflecting surface that reflects a light beam from the subject;
A wavefront detection member that receives the light flux reflected by the wavefront compensation member and detects wavefront aberration;
An anti-vibration compensation optical apparatus, comprising: a control unit configured to compensate the wavefront aberration by changing a shape of the reflection surface of the wavefront compensation member according to the wavefront aberration detected by the wavefront detection member. .   One of the light fluxes is arranged between the wavefront compensation member and the wavefront detection member, reflects a part of the light flux reflected by the wavefront compensation member and transmits the rest, thereby branching the light flux. 2. The vibration-proof compensation optical apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a selective reflection member that guides the image to the wavefront detection member and forms the image by the other light flux.   The image stabilizing compensation optical apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a light beam projecting unit that projects light for detecting the wavefront aberration by the wavefront detecting member onto the subject. The luminous flux projection unit projects light of a wavelength other than visible light onto the subject as light for detecting the wavefront aberration,
The image stabilizing compensation optical system according to claim 3, wherein the selective reflection member reflects one of the visible light and the light for detecting the wavefront aberration and transmits the other.   5. The vibration-proof compensation optical apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising an erecting optical system that converts an image formed by the objective lens into an erect image. 6. The erecting optical system converts an image formed by the objective lens into an erecting image by reflecting light from the subject,
The anti-vibration compensation optical apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the wavefront compensation member and the selective reflection member constitute a part of a reflection surface of the erecting optical system.   The image stabilization optical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the objective lens is focused by moving along the optical axis.   The optical axis direction adjusting member is at least a part of the objective lens, and the lens is moved so as to have a component in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, thereby performing vibration isolation. The anti-vibration compensation optical apparatus according to any one of 1 to 7.   The vibration-proof compensation optical apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an eyepiece that observes an image of the objective lens.

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