JP2012142855A - Irreversible phase shifter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an irreversible phase shifter having a low insertion loss and requiring a small number of components.SOLUTION: The irreversible phase shifter comprises a magnetic body for a microwave (ferrite 32), a first center electrode 35 and a second center electrode 36 arranged on the ferrite 32 to intersect each other while being insulated electrically, and a permanent magnet applying a DC magnetic field to the intersection of the electrodes 35, 36. One end of the first center electrode 35 is a first opening P1, the other end of the first center electrode 35 and one end of the second center electrode 36 are connected as a second opening P2, and the other end of the second center electrode 36 is grounded. A capacitive element C is connected between the first opening P1 and the ground, and only the first center electrode 35 is connected between the first opening P1 and the second opening P2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a nonreciprocal phase shifter, and more particularly to a nonreciprocal phase shifter that converts an input signal into a predetermined phase and outputs the phase.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an isolator having a characteristic in which a signal is transmitted only in a predetermined specific direction and is not transmitted in the reverse direction. In this isolator, as shown in FIG. 11, a first center electrode 135 (inductor L1) and a second center electrode 136 (inductor L2) are arranged on a ferrite 132 so as to cross each other in an insulated state. The first capacitor C11 is connected between the input terminal 121 to which one end of 135 is connected and the ground terminal 123, the second capacitor C12 is connected between the output terminal 122 and the ground terminal 123, and the input terminal 121 A resistor R is connected to the output terminal 122. In Patent Document 1, if the resistor R is omitted (see FIG. 12), a nonreciprocal phase shifter (gyrator) that causes a phase difference depending on the passing direction from the terminal 121 to the terminal 122 and the passing direction from the terminal 122 to the terminal 121. ).

  Although the isolator described in Patent Document 1 has the advantage of irreversible characteristics over a wide band and low loss, when configured as the gyrator shown in FIG. 12, the capacitor C11 and the first center electrode 135 (inductor L1) ), And the capacitor C12 and the second center electrode 136 (inductor L2) respectively resonate in parallel, so that the insertion loss increases and the number of components also increases.

JP 2001-185912 A

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a nonreciprocal phase shifter that requires only a small insertion loss and a small number of parts.

An irreversible phase shifter according to one aspect of the present invention is
A magnetic material for microwaves;
A first center electrode and a second center electrode, which are disposed in an electrically insulated state from the microwave magnetic body so as to cross each other;
A permanent magnet that applies a DC magnetic field to the intersection of the first center electrode and the second center electrode;
With
One end of the first center electrode is a first opening, the other end of the first center electrode and one end of the second center electrode are connected to form a second opening, and the other end of the second center electrode is Connected to ground,
A capacitive element is connected between the first opening and the ground;
Only the first center electrode is connected between the first opening and the second opening,
It is characterized by.

  In the nonreciprocal phase shifter, the first center electrode and the second center electrode are magnetically coupled by a DC magnetic field, and a high-frequency current input from the first opening is output from the second opening at a predetermined phase. . On the other hand, the high frequency current input from the second opening is output from the first opening at a predetermined phase. In this case, since only one of the first center electrode and the second center electrode resonates, the insertion loss is reduced. Moreover, as a component, a permanent magnet, a microwave magnetic body, first and second center electrodes provided on the magnetic body, and one capacitor element are sufficient, and the number of parts is reduced.

  According to the present invention, an irreversible phase shifter having a small insertion loss and a small number of parts can be obtained.

It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the nonreciprocal phase shifter which is 1st Example. It is a perspective view which shows the nonreciprocal phase shifter which is 1st Example. It is an equivalent circuit diagram of the nonreciprocal phase shifter that is the first embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the nonreciprocal phase shifter which is 2nd Example. It is a perspective view which shows the nonreciprocal phase shifter which is 2nd Example. It is the equivalent circuit schematic of the nonreciprocal phase shifter which is 2nd Example. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the ferrite magnet element which comprises the said irreversible phase shifter. It is a graph which shows the characteristic of the nonreciprocal phase device (1st center electrode is 1 turn) which is 2nd Example, (A) shows a passage insertion loss characteristic, (B) shows a passage phase characteristic. It is a graph which shows the characteristic of the nonreciprocal phase shifter (1st center electrode is 3 turns) which is 2nd Example, (A) shows a passage insertion loss characteristic, (B) shows a passage phase characteristic. It is a graph which shows the characteristic of the nonreciprocal phase shifter (1st center electrode is 5 turns) which is 2nd Example, (A) shows a passage insertion loss characteristic, (B) shows a passage phase characteristic. FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing an isolator described in Patent Document 1. It is an equivalent circuit diagram when the isolator is a nonreciprocal phase shifter.

  Embodiments of a nonreciprocal phase shifter according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same components and parts, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

(Refer to the first embodiment, FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIG. 7)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the nonreciprocal phase shifter 1 </ b> A according to the first embodiment is roughly composed of a circuit board 20, a microwave magnetic body (hereinafter referred to as ferrite 32), and a pair of permanent magnets 41. And a chip-type capacitor element C.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the first center electrode 35 and the second center electrode 36 are wound around the ferrite 32 while being electrically insulated from each other. The pair of permanent magnets 41 are bonded via, for example, an epoxy adhesive layer 42 so as to apply a DC magnetic field to the ferrite 32 in the thickness direction.

  The first center electrode 35 is formed of a conductor film, and is wound around the ferrite 32 for four turns as shown in FIG. That is, one end of the first center electrode 35 is connected to a connection electrode 35a formed on the lower surface of the ferrite 32 to form a first opening P1, and the other end is connected to a connection electrode 35b formed on the lower surface of the ferrite 32. Thus, a second opening P2 is formed. The second center electrode 36 is formed of a conductor film, rises from the lower right on the surface side of the ferrite 32, extends to the left substantially parallel to the long side, rises, wraps around from the upper surface to the back surface, and has a surface on the back surface side. It is formed so as to substantially overlap with the side in a transparent state. One end of the second center electrode 36 is connected to the connection electrode 35b (second opening P2), and the other end is connected to a connection electrode 36a formed on the lower surface of the ferrite 32 to form a third opening P3. . As described above, the second center electrode 36 is wound around the ferrite 32 by one turn. The first center electrode 35 and the second center electrode 36 intersect with each other in an insulated state with an insulating film formed therebetween. In FIG. 7, the illustration of the electrode on the back side of the ferrite 32 is omitted to avoid complication.

  The crossing angle of the first and second center electrodes 35 and 36 is set as necessary, and the input impedance and insertion loss are adjusted. Thus, by winding the first center electrode 35 around the ferrite 32 a plurality of times, the inductance of the first center electrode 35 increases, the insertion loss decreases, and the operating frequency band also expands. The number of turns of the first center electrode 35 is arbitrary, and in the characteristics described below, the characteristic shown in FIG. 8 is one turn, the characteristic shown in FIG. 9 is three turns, and the characteristic shown in FIG. 10 is five turns. .

  As the ferrite 32, YIG ferrite or the like is used. The first and second center electrodes 35 and 36 and various electrodes can be formed by printing, transferring, photolithography, or the like as a thick film or thin film of silver or a silver alloy.

  As the permanent magnet 41, a strontium-based, barium-based, or lanthanum-cobalt-based ferrite magnet is usually used. As the adhesive 42 for adhering the permanent magnet 41 and the ferrite 32, it is optimal to use a one-component thermosetting epoxy adhesive.

  This nonreciprocal phase shifter 1A has an equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 3, and one end of the first center electrode 35 (inductor L1) is a first opening P1 (electrode 35a). One end of the second center electrode 36 (inductor L2) is connected to form a second opening P2 (electrode 35b), and the other end (electrode 36a) of the second center electrode 36 is connected to the ground as a third opening P3. Has been. The capacitor element C is connected between the first opening P1 and the ground, and only the first center electrode 35 is connected between the first opening P1 and the second opening P2.

  The ferrite magnet element 30 is mounted on the circuit board 20 shown in FIG. Input / output terminal electrodes 21 and 22 and a ground terminal electrode 23 are formed on the circuit board 20. The first opening P1 (electrode 35a) is connected to the input / output terminal electrode 21, the second opening P2 (electrode 35b) is connected to the input / output terminal electrode 22, and the other end (third opening P3, The electrode 36a) is connected to the ground terminal electrode 23. The capacitor element C is connected to the input / output terminal electrode 21 and the ground terminal electrode 23. Thus, the irreversible phase shifter 1A constituting the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 3 is obtained.

  In the nonreciprocal phase shifter 1A configured as described above, the first center electrode 35 (inductor L1) and the second center electrode 36 (inductor L2) are magnetically coupled by a DC magnetic field applied from the permanent magnet 41. The high-frequency current input from the first opening P1 is output from the second opening P2 with a predetermined phase. On the other hand, the high-frequency current input from the second opening P2 is output from the first opening P1 with a predetermined phase. In this case, since only one of the first center electrode 35 and the second center electrode 36 resonates, the insertion loss is reduced. Further, as the component parts, the permanent magnet 41, the ferrite 32, the first and second center electrodes 35 and 36 provided on the ferrite 32, and one capacitor element C are sufficient, and the number of parts is reduced.

  Further, in the nonreciprocal phase shifter 1A, the ferrite / magnet element 30 is mechanically stable because the ferrite 32 and the pair of permanent magnets 41 are integrated by the adhesive 42, and is deformed by vibration and impact. Robust construction that does not break.

(Refer 2nd Example and FIGS. 4-7)
As is apparent from the equivalent circuit of FIG. 6, the nonreciprocal phase shifter 1B according to the second embodiment is based on the configuration of the first embodiment and has an impedance between the input / output terminal electrode 21 and the first opening P1. A matching capacitor element CS1 is connected, an impedance matching capacitor element CS2 is connected between the second opening P2 and the input / output terminal electrode 22, and another impedance matching is performed in parallel with the second center electrode 36. The capacitor element CS3 is connected. The input / output impedance is matched to 50Ω by these capacitor elements CS1, CS2 and CS3.

  As shown in FIG. 4, relay terminal electrodes 24 and 25 are formed on the circuit board 20 in addition to the input / output terminal electrodes 21 and 22 and the ground terminal electrode 23. The first opening P1 (electrode 35a) is connected to the relay terminal electrode 24, the second opening P2 (electrode 35b) is connected to the relay terminal electrode 25, and the other end of the second center electrode 36 (third opening P3, electrode 36a). ) Is connected to the ground terminal electrode 23. The capacitor element C is connected to the relay terminal electrode 24 and the ground terminal electrode 23. The capacitor element CS <b> 1 is connected to the relay terminal electrode 24 and the input / output terminal electrode 21. The capacitor element CS <b> 2 is connected to the relay terminal electrode 25 and the input / output terminal electrode 22. The capacitor element CS3 is connected to the relay terminal electrode 25 and the ground terminal electrode 23.

  In the nonreciprocal phase shifter 1B having the above-described configuration, the operational effects are the same as those of the first embodiment, and specific characteristics will be described below. When the first center electrode 35 is wound around the ferrite 32 for one turn, the passing insertion loss characteristic is as shown by the curve A in FIG. 8A, and the passing phase characteristic is shown by the curves B1 and B2 in FIG. 8B. It is shown. When the first center electrode 35 is wound around the ferrite 32 for three turns, the passing insertion loss characteristic is as shown by the curve A in FIG. 9A, and the passing phase characteristic is shown by the curves B1 and B2 in FIG. 9B. It is shown. FIGS. 9A and 9B show nonreciprocal phase shifters (second center electrode 136 wound around three turns) configured by the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 12, and capacitor elements CS1 and CS2 are connected to each other. The characteristics are also shown as curves A ′, B1 ′, and B2 ′ as comparative examples. As is clear from the comparison of the curves A and A ', the example of the present invention is greatly improved with respect to the insertion loss with respect to the comparative example. When the first center electrode 35 is wound around the ferrite 32 for five turns, the passing insertion loss characteristic is as shown by the curve A in FIG. 10A, and the passing phase characteristic is shown by the curves B1, B1 in FIG. As shown in B2. The phase difference tends to increase in proportion to the number of turns of the first center electrode 35.

(Other examples)
The nonreciprocal phase shifter according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be variously modified within the scope of the gist thereof.

  For example, the shapes of the first and second center electrodes 35 and 36 can be variously changed. Further, the circuit board 20 may be a multilayer board, and the capacitor element C and the like may be constituted by internal electrodes.

  As described above, the present invention is useful for an irreversible phase shifter, and is particularly excellent in that the insertion loss is small and the number of parts is small.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Circuit board 21, 22 ... Input / output terminal electrode 23 ... Ground terminal electrode 30 ... Ferrite magnet element 32 ... Ferrite 35 ... 1st center electrode 36 ... 2nd center electrode 41 ... Permanent magnet P1 ... 1st opening P2 ... 1st 2 openings C, CS1, CS2, CS3 ... capacitor elements

Claims (2)

A magnetic material for microwaves;
A first center electrode and a second center electrode, which are disposed in an electrically insulated state from the microwave magnetic body so as to cross each other;
A permanent magnet that applies a DC magnetic field to the intersection of the first center electrode and the second center electrode;
With
One end of the first center electrode is a first opening, the other end of the first center electrode and one end of the second center electrode are connected to form a second opening, and the other end of the second center electrode is Connected to ground,
A capacitive element is connected between the first opening and the grant;
Only the first center electrode is connected between the first opening and the second opening,
An irreversible phase shifter.   An impedance matching capacitive element is electrically connected between the first opening and the input / output terminal electrode and between the second opening and the input / output terminal electrode. Item 4. The nonreciprocal phase shifter according to Item 1.

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