JP2012139177A - Sprinkling apparatus and sprinkling vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a sprinkling apparatus and a sprinkling vehicle, capable of sprinkling fertilizer or the like without any problems even when plants have been grown to heighten the heights.SOLUTION: In the sprinkling apparatus, rotary blades are supported in a housing so as to be freely rotated and a side opening part is formed in the side face of the housing in the rotation direction side of the rotary blades, so that granules fed from a granule storage part into the housing may be sprinkled from the side opening part by the rotation of the rotary blades, a guide plate which has a guide surface formed along a rotation direction of the rotary blade at a lower hem of the side opening part and guides granules blown to a direction of the side opening part by the rotary blade to be made to sprinkle obliquely upward is protruded, the guide plate includes two or more guide plates, and the each guide plate is protruded so that protrusion angles from the lower hem to a side direction are different mutually to make sprinkling distances of granules sprinkled along the each guide plate different.

Description

  The present invention relates to a spraying device for spraying fertilizer or the like on a field such as wheat, rice (paddy field), fruit tree, vegetable, lawn and the like, and a spraying vehicle including the spraying device.

  Conventionally, as a device for spraying granular fertilizer on a field such as wheat, rotating blades having axes parallel to the traveling direction are provided on both sides of the spraying device, and the granular blade is supplied to the rotating rotating blades. A device has been proposed in which fertilizer is blown in the left-right direction of the spraying device by applying rotation and fertilization is performed in a predetermined range of the field (Patent Document 1).

  Further, the fertilizer is provided with a circular fan having a vertical rotation axis orthogonal to the traveling direction, and by supplying granular fertilizer to the fan, the fertilizer is fed in the left-right direction of the fertilizer by rotating the fan. An apparatus for spraying has been proposed (Patent Documents 2 and 3).

  Moreover, the apparatus which provides a long spreading pipe in the left-right direction of a spreading apparatus, positions this spreading pipe in the upper part of the wheat of a field, and spreads a fertilizer downward from this spreading pipe is proposed (patent document 4).

JP2008-301895 JP-A-7-203735 Jongko Sho 43-17655 JP 7-227191 A

  By the way, in the apparatus of Patent Document 1, since fertilizer is sprayed in the substantially horizontal direction from the left and right rotating blades, when the plant grows taller, such as wheat, the plant in which the fertilizer to be sprayed is located in the foreground This causes a problem that sufficient fertilization is difficult to be applied to plants located far from the rotating blades. In addition, fertilizers scattered in the horizontal direction may abruptly contact the plant stem and damage the plant stem.

  In the devices of Patent Documents 2 and 3, since fertilizer is sprayed by a single fan at the center, there is a risk that the fertilizer may be randomly sprayed in directions other than the left-right direction, and efficient fertilization is difficult to be performed. There is a problem. Further, since the spraying is skipped at a considerable speed in the horizontal direction, there is a problem similar to the above.

  In the apparatus of Patent Document 4, the above problem is solved in that it can be sprayed from the upper part of the plant by raising and lowering the spraying tube itself, but the left and right spraying range depends on the length of the spraying tube. When the spraying device is realized, the device becomes large, and when the plant exceeds the upper limit position of the spraying tube, there is a problem that it is difficult to move in the field with the spraying tube being spread.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and even when a plant grows up and becomes tall, it can spread fertilizer and the like without any problem, and it is universal from a near position to a distant position. It aims at realizing a spraying device that can realize fertilization without any problems.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a spreader vehicle equipped with a spraying device that can realize efficient spraying of fertilizer and the like over a wide range.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention
1stly, a granular material storage part, the sending roller part which sends out the granular material stored in this granular material storage part, and the side spreading part which spreads the granular material sent out from this sending roller part in the air In a spraying device configured by being fixed to a machine frame, a rotating blade is rotatably supported in a housing, and a side opening is formed on a side surface of the rotating blade in the rotational direction side of the housing. A sprinkling unit is formed, and the granular material supplied from the granular material storage unit to the casing is scattered from the side opening by the rotation of the rotary blade, and the outer edge of each rotary blade is the above The rotating blade drive motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating blade, and the rotating blade driving motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating blade so that the rotating blade is not in contact with the housing side surface. Guide surface along the direction of rotation A guide plate for guiding the granular material flying in the direction of the side opening by the rotary blade and scattering it obliquely upward, the guide plate comprising a plurality of guide plates, each guide The plate is configured so that the scattering distance of the granular material varies depending on each guide plate by projecting the side opening from the lower side to the side so as to be different from each other. Consists of a characteristic spraying device.

  The machine frame can be constituted by, for example, a U-shaped mounting plate (15a), a U-shaped fixed angle (31), a mounting angle (33), and the like. The said granular material storage part can be comprised by a tank (8), for example. The granular material is, for example, granular fertilizer. The feed roller portion can be constituted by, for example, a fertilizer feed roller (9), lower hopper portions (10a, 10b), hoses (11a, 11b), and the like. The outer edge of the rotary blade can be constituted by the other edge (24b ') of the blade plate (24). The said side spreading | diffusion part can be comprised by the side spreading | diffusion part (12a or 12a '). The guide plate can be constituted by, for example, curved guide plates (27A to 27C). The guide surface can be constituted by a curved portion (27 ') of the guide plate, for example. If comprised in this way, a granular material can be scattered diagonally upwards via a side opening part by rotation of a rotary blade, and it spreads by dropping granular materials, such as a fertilizer, from the upper part of the plant in a field by this. It is possible to prevent a situation such as damaging the stem of a plant (crop) by flying the granular material vigorously in the lateral direction. In addition, since a plurality of guide plates having different projecting angles are provided, the granular material that is blown high by one guide plate and scattered to a long distance and the other guide plates are blown low and scattered to a shorter distance. There are a mixture of particulate matter, particulate matter scattered to a medium distance by separating from the rotating blades on the way, and particulate matter that is separated from the rotating blades in the initial stage and fly to the shortest distance. It is possible to disperse the granular material evenly up to the distance. And since the granular material can be sprayed in the diagonally upward direction on the side, for example, it can be sprayed by dropping the granular material such as fertilizer from the upper part of the plant over a wide range in the horizontal direction in the field. Even at the time of short sprout and at the time of growing to some extent, the fertilizer can be appropriately sprayed without damaging the plant.

  Secondly, each of the guide plates is constituted by a curved guide plate having a downward curved portion, and downward inclination angles with respect to a horizontal line of a tangent line of the downward curved portion are different from each other. It is composed of a spraying device.

  Therefore, for example, by providing a curved guide plate with a large downward inclination angle and a small curved guide plate with a small downward inclination angle, it is possible to fly the granular material at a higher distance and a large downward inclination angle. It is possible to fly the granular material at a short distance by the guide plate, and there is a mixture of the granular material that is blown at the intermediate distance and the shortest distance. As a result, the granular material is uniformly scattered from a long distance to a short distance. Can do.

  Third, the guide plate includes a curved guide plate having a small downward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line of the tangent of the downward curved portion and a curved guide plate having a large downward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line of the tangent of the downward curved portion. The granular material is scattered to a predetermined distance by a curved guide plate having a small downward inclination angle, and the granular material is scattered to a distance shorter than the predetermined distance by a curved guide plate having a large downward inclination angle. It is comprised by the spreading | diffusion apparatus of the said 2nd characterized by the above-mentioned.

  Therefore, the curved guide plate having a small downward inclination angle can fly the granular material to a predetermined distance (for example, a long distance), and the curved guide plate having a large downward inclination angle can fly the granular material lower, so that the predetermined distance It is possible to fly to a shorter distance than (far), and further, there are mixed granular materials that fly to the intermediate distance and the shortest distance, and as a result, it is possible to scatter powder particles uniformly from a long distance to a short distance. . Here, a curved guide plate having a large downward inclination angle and a large curved guide plate having the same angle is shown, but this does not mean only two curved guide plates having two downward inclination angles, for example, a downward direction Even with three curved guide plates with small, medium, and large tilt angles, when focusing on the curved guide plates with the small downward tilt angles “small” and “medium”, the curved guide plates with the small downward tilt angle and the above-mentioned downward It is considered that it is composed of a curved guide plate with a large inclination angle, and attention is paid to the curved guide plates with a downward inclination angle of “medium” and “large”. It is considered to be constituted by a large curved guide plate. Therefore, the magnitude of the angle is a relative concept and does not limit the number of curved guide plates.

  Fourth, each guide plate is composed of a guide plate having a large upward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line of the tip edge and a guide plate having a small upward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line of the tip edge, and the upward inclination angle is The granular material is scattered to a predetermined distance by a large guide plate, and the granular material is scattered to a distance shorter than the predetermined distance by a guide plate having a small upward inclination angle. Consists of the described spraying device.

  With this configuration, the granular material is scattered to a predetermined distance (for example, a long distance) by the guide plate having a large upward inclination angle, and the granular material is made to the predetermined distance by the curved guide plate having a small upward inclination angle. It is possible to scatter to a shorter distance, and further, the granular material that is blown to the intermediate distance and the shortest distance is mixed. As a result, it is possible to scatter the granular material uniformly from a long distance to a short distance. Here, a curved guide plate with a large upward inclination angle and a small curved guide plate with the same angle are shown, but this does not mean only two curved guide plates having two types of upward inclination angles, for example, upward Even with three curved guide plates with large, medium, and small inclination angles, when paying attention to the curved guide plates with the upward inclination angles “large” and “medium”, the curved guide plate with the large upward inclination angle and the above upward direction Considering the curved guide plate with a small inclination angle and focusing on the curved guide plates with the upward and middle inclination angles “medium” and “small”, the curved guide plate with the large upward inclination angle and the upward inclination angle It is considered that it is constituted by a curved guide plate inside. Therefore, the magnitude of the angle is a relative concept and does not limit the number of curved guide plates.

  Fifth, a downward spraying part for spraying the granular material sent out from the granular material storage part by the delivery roller part downward is fixed to the machine frame adjacent to the side spraying part, and the downward The sprinkling unit has a guide plate that guides the granular material sent out from the delivery roller unit downward, and the granular material falling from above comes into contact with the granular material on the guide plate. There are provided a guide protrusion that distributes the object left and right, and a pair of auxiliary guide protrusions that are provided at the left and right positions below the guide protrusion, and that the granular material distributed to the left and right contacts and distributes the granular object further left and right It is comprised by the spreading | diffusion apparatus in any one of said 1st-4th characterized by the above-mentioned.

  The downward spraying part can be constituted by downward spraying parts (12b, 12b '). If comprised in this way, even a downward spreading part can disperse a granular material to the predetermined range of the horizontal direction of the lower part. Can be sprayed.

  6thly, it is a dispersion | distribution vehicle which comprises the dispersion | spreading apparatus in any one of the said 1-5, Comprising: The said side surface opening part of the said side dispersion | spreading part with respect to the advancing direction of the said dispersion | spreading vehicle It is comprised by the dispersion | distribution vehicle which comprises the said dispersion | distribution apparatus characterized by being arrange | positioned at the said dispersion | distribution vehicle so that it may be located in the right side or the left side.

  The above-mentioned spreading car can be constituted by a spreading car (2). If comprised in this way, it can spread by dropping granular materials, such as a fertilizer, from the upper direction of a plant over a wide field in a field with a spreader. Thereby, a granular material can be appropriately sprayed irrespective of the growth time of a plant, ie, the height of a plant. In addition, by inclining the side opening of the spraying device slightly downward, the granular material can be scattered at an appropriate angle to the upper left or upper right, so that the granular material draws an arc upward. It can be sprayed by scattering and dropping from above the plant.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, the granular material can be sprayed by dropping the granular material such as fertilizer from the upper part of the plant in the field. Even when the height of the plant becomes high, it is possible to efficiently spread particulate matter such as fertilizer over a wide range without damaging the stems and leaves of the plant.

  Moreover, a granular material can be sprayed from a long distance to a short distance by a plurality of guide plates having different angles, and a granular material such as fertilizer can be uniformly distributed from a long distance to a short distance. In other words, since the fertilizer can be scattered at different angles directed obliquely upward by a plurality of guide plates having different angles, when the fertilizer is moved high obliquely upward, the protrusion height of the fertilizer is varied by the guide plate. Thus, it is possible to generate a scattering distance of a plurality of types of fertilizers, thereby making it possible to spread fertilizers uniformly from a long distance to a short distance.

  In addition, the granular material can be scattered at an appropriate angle in the upper left direction or the upper right direction, and the granular material is scattered in an arc toward the upper side and appropriately dispersed by dropping from above the plant. be able to.

  In addition, according to the spreader of the present invention, it is possible to perform a wide range of fertilizer spraying and the like not only in wheat fields and the like, but also in paddy fields.

It is a side view of the spreading vehicle to which the spreading apparatus concerning the present invention is applied. It is a partial cross section side view of the spreader of an apparatus same as the above. It is a front view of the spreading vehicle to which the same apparatus is applied. (A) is a front view of the spreading | diffusion part of an apparatus same as the above, (b) is side sectional drawing of the spreading | diffusion part. It is a perspective view of the rotary blade of the same apparatus. It is a front view of the spreading machine of the spreading vehicle which applied the apparatus same as the above. It is an electric circuit diagram which shows the electrical structure of the dispersion | spreading part of an apparatus same as the above. It is a figure which shows the condition where fertilizer is spread | dispersed in a farm field (wheat) by the same spreading vehicle. It is side surface sectional drawing of the distribution part of an apparatus same as the above. (A) is a figure which shows the condition which spreads a fertilizer to the wheat grown by the same apparatus, (b) is a figure which shows the condition which spreads a fertilizer to the sprout of wheat by the same apparatus. It is a top view of the distribution part of an apparatus same as the above. (A) is a side view of a downward spraying part, (b) is a front view of a downward spraying part. (A) is a cross-sectional view of the spreader in the vicinity of the shutter showing the shutter in the spreader at both ends, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the spreader in the vicinity of the shutter showing the divided shutter in the spreader in the center. is there. It is a figure which shows the condition which spreads fertilizer in a farm field (paddy field) with a dispersion car same as the above. It is a figure which shows the condition which performs one-side spraying with the same spreading vehicle. (A) is a front view of other embodiment of the spreading | diffusion part of an apparatus same as the above, (b) is side sectional drawing of other embodiment of the said spreading | diffusion part.

Hereinafter, the spraying apparatus 1 which concerns on this invention is demonstrated in detail.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a state in which the spraying device 1 is set on a front portion 2a of a spraying vehicle 2 made of agricultural chemicals or the like. In this figure, the dispersion wheel 2 has a front wheel 3a (two wheels) and a rear wheel 3b (two wheels), and has a spray tube 4 for agricultural chemicals or the like that extends horizontally in the left-right direction (in FIG. 1, spraying). The tube 4 is shown to be folded rearward from the fulcrum 4a along the vehicle body). In the field, the spray tube 4 is opened to the left and right with the fulcrum 4a as a base point, and downward from a plurality of locations along the tube 4 Agricultural chemicals are sprayed. Such a spreading vehicle 2 is a so-called riding management machine that performs various management operations such as spraying agricultural chemicals in a field.

  Considering that the length of one of the spray tubes 4 is 7 m at the maximum and the vehicle width is approximately 1 m, the range of approximately 15 m at the maximum (left spray tube 7 m + front wheel 3a 1 m + right) Has the ability to spray pesticides etc. on the spray tube 7m).

  On the upper surface of the left-right frame 2b (see FIG. 3) of the front portion 2a of the spreader wheel 2 (see FIG. 2), the lower portions of the two L-shaped angles 7, 7 are fixed upright with bolts and nuts B. A horizontal square bar 5 having a length substantially the same as that of the left-right frame 2b is fixed to the front surfaces of the upper ends of the angles 7 and 7 by bolts and nuts B. Then, a mounting tube 6a at the rear end of the front / rear direction support angle 6 is inserted through the horizontal square bar 5, and the angle 6 is formed in the left / right direction recess 6b ′ of the recessed mounting portion 6b provided on the upper surface of the front end. It is fixed horizontally with the facing upward.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the front and rear support angles 6 are fixed with two at a predetermined interval on the left side and two at a predetermined interval on the right side with respect to the center line P of the horizontal square bar 5. In the left and right concave portions 6b 'and 6b' of the concave mounting portions 6b and 6b of the two left support angles 6 and 6, a short horizontal support rod 14a for supporting the below-mentioned spreaders 7a and 7b is placed. The bolts and nuts B are respectively fixed to the left and right recesses 6b 'and 6b', and the right and left recesses 6b 'and 6b' of the concave mounting portions 6b and 6b of the two right support angles 6 and 6 are described later. A short horizontal support rod 14b for supporting the spreaders 7c and 7d is placed and fixed to the left and right recesses 6b 'and 6b' by bolts and nuts B.

  Thus, as shown in FIG. 3, the spraying device 1 has four units 7a, 7b, 7c, and 7d arranged in a horizontal direction at regular intervals on the horizontal square bar 5 in one unit. It is composed. In addition, as will be described later, fertilizer is sprayed from the side spraying portion 12a of the leftmost spreader 7a toward the upper left (in the directions of arrows C1, C2, and C3) (maximum reach of fertilizer is about 7 m, region E1). (See FIG. 8), fertilizer is sprayed from the side spraying portion 12a 'of the rightmost spreader 7d toward the upper right (arrows C1, C2, C3) (maximum reach of fertilizer is about 7m, region E2), And by spraying the fertilizer downward (Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 direction) from the downward spraying portions 12b, 12b ′ provided at the lower ends of the two center spreaders 7b, 7c (about in the left-right direction) It is possible to spread fertilizer evenly over a range of 1 m, area E3) and a maximum of about 15 m in total in the left and right direction (left 7 m + center 1 m + right 7 m).

  The spreaders 7a and 7b are vertically supported by a single short horizontal support rod 14a with a pair of U-shaped mounting plates 15a and 15b. The short horizontal support rod 14a is as described above. The spreader wheel 2 is fitted and fixed on the left and right concave portions 6b ′ and 6b ′ of the concave mounting portions 6b and 6b at the front ends of the front and rear support angles 6 and 6 and fixed with bolts and nuts B. Is fixed to the left side of the front portion 2a (see FIG. 3).

  The spreaders 7c and 7d are supported upright with a pair of U-shaped mounting plates 15c and 15d on one short horizontal support rod 14b, and the short horizontal support rod 14b is as described above. Are fitted and fixed on the left and right concave portions 6b 'and 6b' of the concave mounting portions 6b and 6b at the rear ends of the front and rear support angles 6 and 6 and fixed with bolts and nuts B, thereby 2 is fixed to the right side of the front part 2a (see FIG. 3).

  The left-right frame 2b of the spreader 2 is supported by a movable frame 2b ′ (FIG. 1), and the movable frame 2b ′ can be rotated about a support shaft 2b ″ by a lift drive motor M5 (FIG. 1). (In the directions of arrows G and T), the horizontal frame 2b can also be moved up and down in the directions of arrows I and J (see the dashed lines in FIGS. 1 and 2), so the spray attached to the horizontal frame 2b. The apparatus 1 can also be raised and lowered in the directions of arrows I and J by raising and lowering the left and right direction frame 2b, which is the height of side spreading parts 12a and 12a 'and downward spreading parts 12b and 12b' which will be described later. In general, the height of these spraying parts is configured to match the upper end position (height) of the plant in the field.

  Since the basic configuration of these spreaders 7a to 7d is the same, the structure thereof will be described below using the spreader 7a (FIG. 2) as an example, and the other spreaders 7b to 7d are the same in the same part. The reference numerals are attached and their explanation is omitted for the sake of convenience. It should be noted that differences in each spreader, such as the shutter and hose routing configurations, will be described each time.

  In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes a tank. In the case of this embodiment, granular fertilizer is put into the tank 8. An opening 8a is provided at the lower end of the tank 8 (see FIG. 13), and the introduced fertilizer falls from the opening 8a to the fertilizer feed roller 9 below. The outer peripheral surface of the feed roller 9 is provided with a recess 9a for storing fertilizer and feeding it downward. The fertilizer charged into the recess 9a is sent downward by the rotation of the roller 9 in the direction of arrow A. Then, it is dropped on two lower popper portions 10a and 10b arranged in parallel in the left-right direction below the roller 9. And hose 11a, 11b is each connected to the lower end opening of this hopper part 10a, 10b.

  The opening 8a is provided with a shutter S that is a rectangular plate that opens and closes the opening 8a (FIG. 13A). The shutter S is slidable back and forth along the rails 46 and 46 by being guided by the left and right edge guide rails 46 and 46 of the horizontal frame 15a ′ (15d ′) that supports the tank 8. By closing the shutter S, the supply of the fertilizer in the tank 8 to the feed roller 9 can be stopped. The shutter S can slide forward to open the opening 8a, and slide backward to close the opening 8a. The structure of the shutter S is the same in the spreaders 7a and 7d at both ends, but is slightly different in the spreaders 7b and 7c at the center.

  In the spreaders 7b and 7c at the center, as shown in FIG. 13B, the shutter S is separated into left and right shutters S1 and S2 that divide the opening 8a into left and right, and can be opened and closed independently. It is configured to be able to. That is, the horizontal frame 15b ′ (15c ′) is provided with a center guide rail 47 in addition to the left and right side guide guide rails 46, 46. The both open / close shutters S1, S2 are provided with the left and right guide rails 46 and the center guide. By being guided by the rail 47, it can be opened and closed independently along both rails.

  The reason why the shutters S1 and S2 are divided into left and right in the spreaders 7b and 7c in the central part in this way is described in terms of the spreader 7b. Among the fertilizers that fall downward from the opening 8a, the fertilizers that fall from the left side. The fertilizer falls from the right side among the fertilizers that fall to the side spraying part 12a via the left hopper part 10a by the left side part of the feed roller 9 and are sprayed obliquely upward to the left, and fall downward from the opening 8a. Is sprayed downward from the downward spraying part 12b via the right hopper part 10b from the right part of the feed roller 9, so that the fertilizer supplied to the side spraying part 12a and the downward spraying part 12b are supplied. It is configured so that fertilizer can be supplied and stopped independently.

  That is, by opening the shutter S1 and closing the shutter S2, it is possible to stop only the fertilizer supplied to the downward spraying portion 12b while supplying the fertilizer to the side spraying portion 12a, and vice versa. This is because only the fertilizer supplied to the side spraying unit 12a is stopped, and the fertilizer is supplied only to the downward spraying unit 12b. The same applies to the spreader 7c.

  Thus, by providing the shutters S, S1, and S2 for the spreaders 7a to 7d, for example, when spraying only the left side and the lower side and stopping the right side spray, the shutters S and shutters of the spreaders 7a and 7b are used. This can be realized by opening S1 and S2, opening only the shutter S1 of the spreader 7c, and closing the shutter S2 of the spreader 7c and the shutter S of the spreader 7d. Conversely, when only the right side and the lower side are sprayed and the left side spraying is stopped, the shutters S1, S2 and shutter S of the spreaders 7c and 7d are opened, and only the shutter S2 of the spreader 7b is opened, and the above spraying is performed. This can be realized by closing the shutter S1 of the machine 7b and the shutter S of the spreader 7a.

  A common drive shaft 9 ′ is provided at the center of the fertilizer feed roller 9 of the spreader 7b adjacent to the fertilizer feed roller 9 of the spreader 7a, and the drive shaft 9 ′ penetrates the mounting plate 15a. And it protrudes to the left from the mounting plate 15a at the left end, and the protrusion is configured to be rotationally driven by the roller drive motor M1. As a result, the feed rollers 9, 9 of the spreaders 7a, 7b are simultaneously rotated in the same direction (arrow A direction) by the drive shaft 9 '.

  Similarly, a common drive shaft 9 'is provided at the center of the fertilizer feed rollers 9, 9 of the spreader 7c and the spreader 7d, and the drive shaft 9' passes through the mounting plate 15d. It is provided so as to protrude rightward from the mounting plate 15d at the right end, and the protrusion can be rotationally driven by the roller drive motor M2. Thereby, the feed rollers 9 and 9 of the spreaders 7c and 7d are simultaneously rotated in the same direction (arrow A direction) by the drive shaft 9 '.

  The fertilizer charged into the hoses 11a and 11b of the spreader 7a is guided downward by the hose, and the left upper direction of the spreader wheel 2 by the rotating blades 13 in the side spraying portion 12a provided at the lower end of the hose ( 3 is configured to fly in the directions of arrows C1, C2, and C3 (see FIGS. 8 and 9).

  In each of the spreaders 7a to 7d, the configuration of the spreaders 12a and 12b of the two left spreaders 7a and 7b and the configuration of the spreaders 12a ′ and 12b ′ of the two right spreaders 7c and 7d are the center line P. It has a left-right symmetric structure with the center at the center. That is, the lateral spreading parts 12a and 12a 'at the left and right end parts fly the fertilizer in the diagonally upward left direction and the diagonally upward right direction by the rotating blades 13 (see FIG. 8). 12b and 12b ′ are sprayed downward by the hoses 11d and 11e, respectively (see the directions of arrows Y1 to Y4 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 8).

  The lower ends of the two hoses 11a and 11b of the spreader 7a are connected to the hose support pipe 26 of the side spreader 12a, and the inner ends of the two hoses 11c and 11d of the spreader 7b. The hose 11c on the spreader 7a side connected to the lower hopper portion 10a is similarly connected to the hose support pipe 26 of the spreader portion 12a, and falls through each hose 11a, 11b, 11c. The fertilizer is scattered in the upper left direction by the rotary blade 13.

  The other hose 11d connected to the lower hopper portion 10b of the spreader 7b has a lower end connected and fixed to the downward spreading portion 12b, and the fertilizer that has fallen through the hose 11c 11d is sprayed downward from the lower end 11d ′ (in the directions of arrows Y1 to Y4).

  The lower ends of the two hoses 11g and 11h connected to the lower hopper portions 10a and 10b of the spreader 7d are connected to the hose support pipe 26 of the side spreader 12a ′, and the spreader 7c. Among the two hoses 11e and 11f, the hose 11f connected to the lower hopper portion 10b on the spreader 7d side is similarly connected at its lower end to the hose support pipe 26 of the side spreader portion 12a ′. The fertilizer that has fallen through the hoses 11f, 11g, and 11h is blown in the upper right direction (in the direction of arrows C1 to C3 in FIG. 3) by the rotating blades 13 of the side spreading section 12a ′ (see FIG. 8).

  Further, the other hose 11e connected to the lower hopper portion 10a of the spreader 7c is connected and fixed to the downward spreading portion 12b ′, and the fertilizer that has fallen through the hose 11e is the lower end 11e of the hose 11e. Sprinkled downward from '(direction of arrows Y1 to Y4).

  As shown in FIG. 8, the fertilizer application area is a region E1 having a maximum length of about 7 m from the position near the left side of the spreader 2 to a distant position in the side application unit 12a, and in the side application unit 12a ′. The region E2 is a maximum of about 7 m from the position on the right side of the spreading wheel 2 to the far position. Further, the center spraying part 12b is in the lower range e1, and the center spraying part 12b is in the lower range e2 (FIG. 3), and these spraying parts 12a, 12a ′, 12b, 12b ′ make the left side centering on the spreading car 2 The fertilizer can be sprayed in a total range of 15 m, 7 m in the middle, 1 m in the center (E3 = e1 + e2), and 7 m on the right side.

  Next, the structure of the side spreading parts 12a and 12b will be described in detail. The side spraying unit is composed of rotary spraying units 12a and 12a 'that use rotating blades, and drop-type downward spraying units 12b and 12b' that do not use rotating blades. Since these spreading parts are provided symmetrically with respect to the center line P as described above, the left side spreading parts 12a and 12b will be described, and the right spreading parts 12a 'and 12b' are the same. Parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted for convenience.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the side spreading part 12a is composed of a rotary blade housing case (housing) 21 and a motor housing case 22 connected to the housing 21. A rotary shaft 22 a of a rotary blade drive motor M <b> 3 fixed inside the housing 22 is disposed at substantially the center in the longitudinal direction of the rotary blade housing housing 21. In addition, the rotary blade drive motor of the other side scatterer 12a 'is referred to as a rotary blade drive motor M4 (see FIG. 7).

  The rotating shaft 22a is provided with vane plate fixing short plates 23 radially at three positions with an angle of 120 degrees when viewed from the axial direction (see FIG. 5), and these three vane plate fixing short plates. A vane plate (rotary vane) 24 is fixed to each 23 by bolts and nuts B, respectively. Reference numerals 25 and 25 are support disks for supporting both end portions of the blade 24.

  Each vane plate fixing short plate 23 is made of, for example, metal, and a vane plate 24 is fixed to each short plate 23. The vane plate 24 is composed of a rubber plate vane plate 24a and a metal plate 24b fixed in a stacked state so as to cover a substantially front surface side of the rubber plate, and the metal plate 24b is a rotating direction of the rotary vane. On the side. The double structure of the rotating blades of the rubber plate 24a and the rotating blade 24b as described above is that the elastic force of the rubber plate 24a and the hardness of the metal plate 24b are used to make the rotating blades from a short distance to a long distance. This is because the fertilizer can be properly distributed evenly.

  Each vane plate 24 has a rectangular shape, and one edge 24a ′ in the longitudinal direction thereof is fixed to the fixed short plate 23 with a bolt and a nut B, and the other end (outer edge portion) 24b ′ in the longitudinal direction. Is placed so as to be close to the inner wall of the rotary blade housing 21. As shown in FIG. 4B, the other end 24b 'of the vane plate 24 is spaced a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the housing 21 and is connected to curved guide plates (guide plates) 27A to 27C described later. However, it is configured to be in a position where it does not come in contact with a predetermined interval.

  The curved guide plates 27A to 27C are composed of three curved guide plates 27A, 27B, and 27C having different angles. Each of these curved guide plates 27A, 27B, and 27C has a downward curved portion (guide surface) 27 ′ that curves in a convex shape below the lower side 21b ′ of the side opening 21b, and the leading edge 27A ′, The curved surfaces 27B 'and 27C' (FIG. 9) are slightly upward, and the angle of protrusion from the lower side 21b 'of the side opening 21b to the side is different for each guide plate. Projecting so as to be different from each other. By comprising in this way, it is comprised so that the scattering distance of the said fertilizer may differ with each guide plate 27A-27C.

  In the present embodiment, the three curved guide plates 27A to 27C use curved guide plates each having substantially the same curvature arc surface, and differ only in the lateral projection angle from the lower side 21b ′. It has a configuration.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, the leading edge 27A ′ of the curved guide plate 27A having the largest downward inclination angle θ1 with respect to the horizontal line H has the smallest upward inclination angle α1 with respect to the horizontal line H1 and the downward inclination angle θ2 with respect to the horizontal line H. The curved guide plate 27C of the leading edge 27C ′ of the intermediate curved guide plate 27B has the smallest upward inclination angle α2 with respect to the horizontal line H2 with respect to the horizontal line H2 and the smallest downward inclination angle θ3 with respect to the horizontal line H. The inclination angle α3 is configured to be the largest.

  More specifically, the curved guide plate 27A closest to the drive motor M3 has the largest downward inclination angle θ1 with respect to the horizontal line H of the tangent L1 (FIG. 9) of the outer surface of the curved portion 27 ′, and is therefore curved most downward. is doing. Therefore, the inclination of the leading edge 27A 'is an angle close to the horizontal line H1, but is configured to be slightly inclined upward to the left from the horizontal line H1 (upward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line H1) α1.

  In the curved guide plate 27B adjacent to the curved guide plate 27A, the downward inclination angle θ2 with respect to the horizontal line H of the tangent L2 of the outer surface of the curved portion 27 ′ is slightly smaller than the angle θ1 (θ2 <θ1). Curved downward at a downward angle. Accordingly, the inclination of the front end portion 27B 'is configured to be an intermediate left oblique upward angle (upward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line H2) α2 (> α1) slightly upward from the angle α1.

  In the curved guide plate 27C adjacent to the curved guide plate 27B, the downward inclination angle θ3 with respect to the horizontal line H of the tangent L3 of the outer surface of the curved portion 27 ′ is slightly smaller than the angle θ2 (θ3 <θ2). Is curved. Accordingly, the inclination of the distal end portion 27C ′ is configured to be an angle slightly above the angle α2, that is, an upper left oblique angle (upward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line H3) α3 (> α2). ing.

  Accordingly, the angles of the three curved guide plates 27A, 27B, and 27C with respect to the horizontal line H are configured such that θ1> θ2> θ3 and the downward inclination angle gradually decreases as the distance from the drive motor M3 increases. At the same time, as the tip edges 27A ′, 27B ′, 27C ′ of the curved guide plates 27A, 27B, 27C move away from the drive motor M3, the upward inclination angle gradually increases as α1 <α2 <α3. It is comprised so that it may become.

  As described above, the curved guide plate is composed of a plurality of curved guide plates having downward curved portions 27 ′, and the downward inclined angles with respect to the common horizontal line H of the curved portions 27 ′ are different from each other. Each of the curved guide plates is composed of a guide plate having a large upward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line of the tip edge and a guide plate having a small upward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line of the tip edge (smaller than the above large). The fertilizer is scattered to a predetermined distance (for example, a long distance or a medium distance) by the curved guide plate having a large upward inclination angle, and the fertilizer is shorter than the predetermined distance by the curved guide plate having a small upward inclination angle. It is configured to scatter up to (medium distance or short distance).

  If comprised in this way, when the said blade | wing plate 24 rotates to the arrow B direction, the fertilizer which will be thrown diagonally upward along the said curved guide board 27A by rotation of the surface will be the front-end | tip part of the shallowest upward angle (alpha) 1 From 27A ′, the fertilizer that has been blown in the direction of the arrow C1 at the lowest upward angle (substantially angle α1) and thus blown along the curved guide plate 27A will fall most forward. That is, it is skipped to the nearest distance.

  The fertilizer blown obliquely upward along the curved guide plate 27B from the fertilizer blown by the curved guide plate 24A in the direction of arrow C2 at an intermediate upward inclination angle (substantially α2) slightly larger than the angle α1. In order to fly higher, the fertilizer blown along the curved guide plate 24B is blown to a middle distance farther than the fertilizer blown by the curved guide plate 27A.

  The fertilizer that is blown obliquely upward along the curved guide plate 24C is blown in the direction of the arrow C3 at the largest upward inclination angle (substantially α3), and thereby more fertilizer is blown by the curved guide plate 27B. Since it soars to a high position, the fertilizer that has been thrown away the farthest and has been blown by the curved guide plate 27C is blown to the farthest far distance (see FIG. 8).

As described above, the curved guide plates 27A to 27C are projected by the guide plates 27A to 27C by projecting the side opening 21b so that the projecting angles from the lower side 21b ′ to the side are different from each other. The fertilizer has a different scattering distance.
In this way, the curved guide plate is composed of a curved guide plate having a small downward inclination angle with respect to the common horizontal line H of the tangent line of the bending portion, and a curved guide plate having a large downward inclination angle (larger than the small). The fertilizer is scattered to a predetermined distance (for example, a long distance or a medium distance) by a curved guide plate having a small downward inclination angle, and the fertilizer is separated from the predetermined distance by a curved guide plate having a large downward inclination angle. It is configured to be scattered to a short distance (medium distance or short distance).

  Further, as described above, the other end 24b ′ of the vane plate 24 is spaced a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the housing 21, and does not contact the curved guide plates 27A to 27C via the predetermined distance. It is configured to be in position. If comprised in this way, when the said slat | blade 24 rotates, the fertilizer (FIG. 8 arrow C1, C2, FIG. 8) which will contact | abut to a slat | blade and will fly to predetermined distance (long distance, medium distance, short distance) by rotation of the surface C3) is engaged with the vane plate 24, but after being disengaged from the vane plate 24 on the way, it is blown along the curved guide plates 27A to 27C, and is intermediate between the distance indicated by the arrow C1 and the distance indicated by the arrow C2. Fertilizer that is skipped to a distance of 1, and a fertilizer that is skipped to an intermediate distance between the distance indicated by the arrow C2 and the distance indicated by the arrow C3. Further, it does not engage with the rotary vane 24 or disengages from the vane plate 24 at an early stage, falls at the initial stage of the rotation of the vane plate 24 and rises upward along the curved guide plates 27A to 27C. Fertilizer that falls at a short distance (distance before arrow C1) is generated. Therefore, as a result, the fertilizer can be sprayed evenly from a short distance (a front side of the distance indicated by the arrow C1) to a long distance (a distance indicated by the arrow C3) (see FIG. 8).

  FIG. 16 shows another embodiment of the curved guide plate, and two curved guide plates are used as compared with the embodiment of FIG. Specifically, the curved guide plate 27B whose downward inclination angle is θ2 in FIG. 4 is extended in the direction of the motor M3, and the curved guide plate 27B and the curved guide plate 27C are formed into two pieces. Even if comprised in this way, although the flight distance of a fertilizer becomes short compared with the embodiment of the said FIG. 4, a fertilizer can be sprayed uniformly equally. The number of the curved guide plates is not limited, and may be four or more as long as a plurality of guide plates having different angles.

  The rotary blade housing case 21 has an introduction port 21a along the longitudinal direction of the rotary blade 13 on the upper surface side, and the hose support pipe 26 that supports the tip of the hose at the introduction port 21a. Is protruding.

  Further, the surface of the housing 21 facing the introduction port 21a is a side opening 21b, and fertilizer is released from the side opening 21b by the rotation of the blade 24 (in the direction of arrow B). It is configured. As shown in FIG. 4A, the side opening 21b is formed from a substantially rectangular opening, and one end of each of the curved guide plates 27A to 27C is fixed to the lower side 21b '.

  Two cuts 28 and 28 are provided on the upper side of the side opening 21b with a predetermined interval (T) at the center thereof, and the portion between the cuts 28 and 28 is formed with respect to the upper surface of the casing 21. Standing pieces 29 are provided by bending at right angles until they are orthogonal to each other, whereby an upper surface enlarged opening 30 communicating with the side surface opening 21b is formed on the upper surface of the housing 21 (see FIGS. 4A and 11). ). This upright piece 29 is provided over substantially all the sub-sides (T) of the upper side, and as shown in FIG. 9, it is the highest in the fertilizer (especially the curved guide plate 27C) that is blown obliquely upward by the rotary blade 13. The fertilizer is provided in order to smoothly fly the fertilizer diagonally upward to the left without obstructing the fertilizer to be skipped or the fertilizer that is skewed to the left upward by the curved guide plate 27B. Further, the upright piece 29 has a function of guiding the fertilizer flying obliquely upward to the left (in the directions of arrows C1 to C3) in the same direction.

By providing the upright piece 29 and the upper surface enlarged opening 30, it becomes possible to fly the fertilizer diagonally upward to the left through the upper surface enlarged opening 30 formed by the upright piece 29, and as shown in FIG. Furthermore, it is possible to disperse the fertilizer from above the plants such as wheat. That is, an upper surface enlarged opening 30 that communicates with the side surface opening 21 b is formed on the upper surface of the housing 21 that is continuous with the side surface opening 21 b, and a standing piece 29 is formed along the edge of the upper surface enlarged opening 30. Has been.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the side spreading part 12a has a mounting angle 33 on the lower surface part 31a of the U-shaped fixed angle 31 so that the inclination angle β with respect to the horizontal line q of the upper and lower surfaces of the housing 21 is 45 degrees downward. Thus, it is fixed (see FIG. 4B). That is, the side opening 21b of the spraying device 1 is fixed to the spraying vehicle 2 in a state where the side opening 21b is inclined slightly downward from the horizontal position. Therefore, the side opening 21b is also installed with an inclination of 45 degrees below the horizontal as a whole. However, the rotary blade 13 rotates upward (in the direction of arrow B) from the bottom, so the introduction port 21a. The fertilizer introduced into the housing 21 from above is blown obliquely upward (in the directions of arrows C1, C2, and C3) by the rotary blade 13.

  When the side opening 21b is inclined downward by 45 degrees, the fertilizer jumps out at an appropriate angle to the upper left by the rotation of the rotary blade 13 in the direction of arrow B, rises relatively high as a whole, and then drops. Can be scattered.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the fertilizer as a whole is once slanted upwards (in the case of the right side spreader 12 a ′, diagonally upwards right) once, and then a plant such as wheat while drawing a curved trajectory. It will fall from the upper part to the lower part, and not only for growing wheat Q and the like (FIG. 10 (b)), but also for a tall plant Q (FIG. 10 (a)), fertilizer from above N can be sprayed, and the plant will not be overthrown by fertilizers that flew vigorously from the lateral direction.

  Although the said embodiment is description about the side spreading | diffusion part 12a, about the side spreading | diffusion part 12a ', only the left-right symmetric shape, and the other structure and effect | action are the same. As described above, with respect to the right spreading unit 12a ', the direction in which the fertilizer flies is obliquely upward to the right (see arrows C1, C2, and C3 in FIG. 8).

  As shown in FIG. 12, the downward spraying portion 12b includes a hose fixing tube 32 in which the lower end 11d ′ of the hose 11d is inserted and fixed, a guide plate 45 to which the hose fixing tube 32 is fixed, and the guide plate 45. And a wide guide plate 45 ′ whose upper end is fixed to the top. In this downward spreading portion 12b, a fixing horizontal bar 31a is fixed to the side surface of the fixed pipe 32, and an end of the fixing horizontal bar 31a is inserted and fixed into a fixed pipe 31b at the lower end of the rotating arm 31 ′. ing. The upper end of the rotating arm 31 ′ is provided on the U-shaped fixed angle (machine frame) 31 so that the angle of the rotating arm 31 ′ can be adjusted with a rotation fulcrum N. It is fixed to the U-shaped fixed angle (machine frame) 31 in a state inclined forward by an angle γ with respect to the direction (FIG. 12A).

  Reference numeral 50 denotes a cylindrical guide protrusion fixed to the guide plate 45 at a position directly below the hose lower end 11d ′, and 51 and 52 are equidistant from the guide protrusion 50 in the guide plate 45. It is a cylindrical auxiliary | assistant guide protrusion fixed in the state which protruded toward the front left and right of this position.

  Thus, the downward spraying portion 12b for spraying the fertilizer sent out from the granular material storage portion by the feed roller portion downward is adjacent to the side spraying portion 12a (the U-shaped fixed angle 31). The downward spraying portion 12b has a guide plate 45 that guides the fertilizer fed from the feed roller portion downward, and is disposed on the guide plate 45. The fertilizer falling from above contacts the guide protrusion 50 that distributes the granular material to the left and right, and the left and right positions below the guide protrusion 50. The fertilizer distributed to the left and right A pair of auxiliary guide protrusions 51 and 52 are provided which contact and distribute the fertilizer further left and right.

  Therefore, the fertilizer that falls downward from the lower end 11d ′ of the hose 11d first contacts the peripheral surface of the guide protrusion 50 and is distributed diagonally downward (in the directions of arrows Y1 and Y2). Part of the fertilizer guided obliquely downward) further contacts the peripheral surface of the auxiliary guiding projection 51 and is also distributed obliquely downward to the right (arrow Y3 direction) and falls. A part of the fertilizer guided in the direction of the arrow Y2 (downwardly to the right) after being in contact with the guide protrusion 50 and dispersed in the leftward and rightwardly downward directions (arrows Y1 and Y2) is further surrounded by the periphery of the auxiliary guide protrusion 52. It comes into contact with the surface and is induced to fall diagonally to the left (in the direction of arrow Y4).

  Therefore, the fertilizer falling from the hose 11d is guided by the guide protrusion 50 and the left auxiliary guide protrusion 51 obliquely downward (left and right in the directions of arrows Y1 and Y3) and dropped, and the fertilizer is dropped from the guide protrusion 50 and the right auxiliary guide. Since the protrusion 52 is guided and dropped obliquely in the left and right directions (arrow Y2 direction and arrow Y4 direction), the fertilizer can be uniformly distributed in the downward area in the downward spraying portion 12b.

  Therefore, the fertilizer guided by the guide protrusion 50 and the auxiliary guide protrusions 51 and 52 falls from the lower end 11d 'of the hose 11d to the range of e1 below (see FIG. 3). The downward spraying portion 12b 'has the same configuration, and fertilizer is sprayed downward in the range of e2 from the hose lower end 11e' by the guide protrusion 50 and the auxiliary guide protrusions 51 and 52. The fertilizer to be sprayed is sprayed forward along the guide plates 45 and 45 ′, and the guide plates 45 and 45 ′ similarly prevent falling backward. Accordingly, the fertilizer can be sprayed in the range (e1 + e2) of about 1 m between the front wheels 3a and 3a by the downward spraying part 12b and the spraying part 12b 'around the center line P. In this case, since the fertilizer is dispersed and dispersed in the directions of the arrows Y1, Y3, Y4, Y2 by the guide protrusions 50 and the auxiliary guide protrusions 51, 52 of the downward spraying portions 12b and 12b ′, the area e1 + e2 In the range (E3), the fertilizer can be uniformly applied.

  Note that the forward inclination angle γ of the downward spraying portions 12b and 12b 'may be a smaller angle, or the downward spraying portions 12b and 12b' may be directed in the vertical direction. In FIG. 12, reference numerals 45a and 45a 'denote lower end front bent pieces of the guide plates 45 and 45', respectively, for guiding the falling fertilizer to the front side.

  FIG. 7 illustrates the electrical configuration of the spraying device of the present invention. This figure is an electrical block diagram for driving roller drive motors M1 and M2 for driving the feed roller of the spreader according to the present invention and drive motors M3 and M4 for the rotary blades of the side spreaders 12a and 12a ′. It is. A spraying switch SW1 is connected to the battery 41 of the spraying vehicle 2, and a roller rotation switch SW2, a motor speed control circuit 43 for the fertilizer feed roller 9, and a side spraying unit are connected to the switch SW1 via an overcurrent control circuit 42. A motor speed control circuit 44 for 12a and 12a 'is connected. The motor speed control circuit 43 is provided with a speed changeover switch 43a for switching the rotation speed of the feed roller 9 to three stages of low speed, medium speed, and high speed. The motor speed control circuit 44 includes the spraying section 12a. , 12a ′ is provided with a speed changeover switch 44a for switching the rotational speed of the rotary blades 13 to three stages of low speed, medium speed and high speed. The motor speed control circuit 43 is connected to roller drive motors M1 and M2 via a transistor TR1, and the motor speed control circuit 44 is connected to rotary blade drive motors M3 and M4 via transistors Tr2 and Tr3, respectively. Has been. A load current detection circuit 48 of the motors M1 and M2 is provided between the drive motors M1 and M2 and the overcurrent control circuit 42, and a motor is provided between the drive motors M3 and M4 and the overcurrent control circuit 42. A load current detection circuit 49 of M3 and M4 is connected.

  Thus, by switching the speed changeover switches 43a and 44a, the voltage applied to the drive motors M1 to M4 via the transistors Tr1 or Tr2 and Tr3 is changed to change the rotation speed of the motors. It is.

  Therefore, when the spraying switch SW1 is turned on, the rotating blade drive motors M3 and M4 for spraying rotate simultaneously at the speed set by the speed changeover switch 44a. When the roller rotation switch SW2 is turned on in this state, the drive motors M1 and M2 of the feed roller 9 are simultaneously rotated at the speed set by the speed changeover switch 43a. At this time, for example, when the rotational speed of the side spreading parts 12a, 12a ′ is set to “high speed”, the maximum flight distance of the fertilizer (fertilizer to be blown by the curved guide plate 24C) is about 7 m on one side, Since it is necessary to fly a large amount of fertilizer, the roller speed changeover switch 43a is also set to "high speed", and the amount of fertilizer supplied from the roller to the spraying unit is set to the maximum amount.

  On the other hand, for example, when the rotation speed of the spraying portions 12a and 12a ′ is set to “low speed”, the maximum flight distance of the fertilizer is about 2.5 m on one side (fertilizer to be skipped by the curved guide plate 24C) (left about 2. 5 m + center approximately 1 m + right approximately 2.5 m and approximately 6 m in total on the left and right), and relatively little fertilizer has only to be supplied to the spraying unit, so the roller speed changeover switch 43a may be set to “low speed”. When the speed setting switch 44a is set to “medium speed”, the maximum fertilizer flight distance (fertilizer to be blown by the curved guide plate 24C) is about 4.5 m on one side (about 4.5 m on the left + about the center). 1m + right is about 4.5 m and the entire left and right are about 10 m), so the speed changeover switch 43a may be set to “medium speed”. In this way, by linking the rotation speed of the roller drive motor in accordance with the rotation speed of the rotary blade drive motor, the fertilizer application distance in the side application unit and the fertilizer application to the side application unit in the feed roller The supply amount can be set appropriately.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, the operation of the present invention will be described below.

  As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 14, when the fertilizer is sprayed in the range of about 7 m on the left, about 7 m on the right, and about 1 m on the center by entering the farm field (FIG. 8 is the wheat field, FIG. 14 is the paddy field) with the spreader 2. explain.

  The speed changeover switches 43a and 44a are both set to "high speed", granular fertilizer is put into each tank 8 of the spraying device 1, the spraying switch SW1 is turned on, and the rotating blades of the side spraying units 12a and 12a ' Motors M3 and M4 that drive the motor 13 are driven to rotate at high speed. Further, when the roller switch SW2 is turned on, the fertilizer feed rollers 9 of the spreaders 7a to 7d rotate at high speed to guide the fertilizer in the tank 8 one by one downward, and each fertilizer passes through the hoses 11a to 11g. Are guided to the lower spraying portions 12a, 12b, 12a ′, 12b ′.

  The fertilizer that falls through the hoses 11a, 11b, and 11c falls into the housing 21 from the introduction port 21a of the side spraying portion 12a. Since the rotary blade 13 rotates at high speed in the arrow B direction in the casing 21, the fertilizer is obliquely left upward from the side opening 21 b of the casing 21 by the blade plate 24 of the rotary blade 13 (arrows C <b> 1 to C <b> 1 in FIG. 9). (C3 direction).

  The fertilizer that is slanted upward along the curved guide plate 24C is flew in the direction of the arrow C3 at the largest upward angle (approximately α3). Therefore, the fertilizer flies up to the highest position and flies farthest (about 7 m). (See FIG. 8).

  Since the fertilizer that is slanted upward along the curved guide plate 24B is blown in the direction of the arrow C2 at an intermediate upward angle (substantially α2), it rises to an intermediate height and is blown to a middle distance.

  The fertilizer to be slanted upward along the curved guide plate 24A is ejected in the direction of arrow C1 at the lowest upward angle (substantially α1) from the tip portion 27A ′ having the shallowest upward angle. The fertilizer skipped along 24A will fall most forward.

Thus, with the three curved guide plates 27A to 27C, as a result, the fertilizer can be uniformly and reliably distributed from a short distance to a long distance (see FIG. 8).
As shown in FIG. 8, the fertilizer that is blown by the rotary blades 13 once falls high in the upper left direction and then falls to the field while drawing an arc. Of course, when it is short (FIG. 10 (b)), and when it grows tall (FIG. 10 (a)), fertilizer from above the wheat Q in the entire range of the horizontal region E1. N can be sprayed to drop. Thereby, the fall of a plant, such as wheat, or the damage of a leaf by a fertilizer contact | abutting the stem, leaf, etc. of plants, such as wheat, can be prevented by flying a fertilizer in a horizontal direction.

  Further, the fertilizer that is blown obliquely upward to the left from the side opening 21b is reliably blown to a long distance by the blade plate 24C (arrow C3 in FIG. 8), and is reliably blown to a medium distance by the blade plate 24B. There is a thing (arrow C2 in FIG. 8) and a thing (arrow C1 in FIG. 8) that is surely blown to a short distance by the blade 24A. Those that do not fly to long distances, medium distances, short distances by leaving, etc., but can only fly to distances shorter than those distances, that is, those that can only fly to between the above long distances and medium distances, the above medium distances And those that are only blown to a short distance, and those that are not blown to a distance closer than the short distance occur, and further from the introduction port 21a to the blades 24A to C, the introduction port 2 a. The fertilizers that are separated from the blades 24A to 24C early from the position near a, are once skipped upward along the curved guide plate 27, but fall at a short distance, and the fertilizers that are skipped to the middle positions of the respective arrows. As a result, the fertilizer can be uniformly distributed from a short distance to a long distance in the entire range of the region E1.

  In the above description, the operation of the spraying unit 12a has been described, but the same operation can be performed in the side spraying unit 12a ′ only by the spraying direction obliquely upward to the right (right arrows C1, C2, C3 in FIG. 8). reference).

  Furthermore, in the downward spraying portions 12b and 12b ', the fertilizer that has fallen through the hoses 11d and 11e can be uniformly dropped downward (in the directions of arrows Y1 to Y4).

  In this way, as a result, the fertilizer can be uniformly distributed over a wide range in a range of about 15 m in the left-right direction, about 7 m on the left, about 7 m on the right, and about 1 m in the center.

  Therefore, the fertilizer can be spread over a wide range by advancing the spreading wheel 2 forward while continuing the above spreading.

  When the field is narrower, the rotation speeds of the roller drive motors M1, M2 and the rotary blade drive motors M3, M4 are switched to medium speed or low speed by switching the changeover switches 43a, 44a to medium speed or low speed. The maximum reach distance can be reduced according to the size of the field while the fertilizer supply amount to the spraying unit is set to an appropriate amount. In this case, the maximum reach of the fertilizer (the distance to the arrow C3 in FIG. 8) is reduced, but in the reduced area, as in the above embodiment, the fertilizer is dropped evenly so as to fall from above. Is something that can be done.

  Further, by configuring the left-right frame 2b at the front portion of the spreader wheel 2 so that it can be moved up and down, the height of the spreaders 12a, 12a ', 12b, 12b' from the ground can be adjusted. Usually, it is preferable to set the height of the opening of the spraying portion so that it substantially coincides with the height of the upper end of the plant (FIGS. 8 and 14).

  On the other hand, in the spreader, for example, when fertilizer is spread only on the left side and the lower side, the shutters S2 and shutters S of the right two spreaders 7c and 7d may be closed. Then, since the fertilizer in the tank 8 is not dropped and supplied to the side spraying part 12a ′ in the spreaders 7c and 7d, only the left side and the lower side from the left side spraying part 12a and the downward spraying parts 12b and 12b ′. Fertilizer can be sprayed (see FIG. 15). When only the right side and the lower side are sprayed, the shutters S and S1 of the left spreaders 7a and 7b may be closed in the same manner.

  The necessity of fertilizer application only on the left side or only on the right side is very high due to the size and shape of the field, the surrounding buildings, the relationship with the adjacent fields, etc. While realizing, one-side spraying as described above can be easily performed. In addition, since no fertilizer can be scattered for long distances, no long rod-like instruments are used, so one-side spraying operation such as spraying one side of the spraying wheel close to the wall is also easily performed. be able to.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the granular material can be scattered obliquely upward through the upper surface enlarged opening portion 30 and the side surface opening portion 21b by the rotation of the rotary blade 13, and thereby wheat, rice, etc. in the field It can be sprayed by dropping granular materials such as fertilizer from the upper part of the plant, and it can prevent situations such as damage to plant stems, leaves, etc. by flying the granular materials vigorously in the lateral direction .

  In addition, since the fertilizer can be scattered at different angles directed diagonally upward by a plurality of guide plates having different angles, when the fertilizer is blown high obliquely upward, the height of the fertilizer protruding by the guide plate is varied. Thus, it is possible to generate a scattering distance of a plurality of types of fertilizers, thereby making it possible to spread fertilizers uniformly from a long distance to a short distance.

  Further, since the other end (outer edge portion) 24b ′ of the rotary blade 13 is arranged at a predetermined distance from the side surface of the casing, the granular material scattered to a long distance by the rotary blade 13 and the rotary blade 13 There are a mixture of granular materials scattered to a medium distance by separating on the way and granular materials that are separated from the rotary blades 13 at an initial stage and are blown to a short distance. Can be sprayed.

  Moreover, since the granular material can be sprayed in the diagonally upward left direction and the diagonally right upward direction, for example, the granular material such as fertilizer is sprayed by dropping from the upper part of the plant over a wide range in the horizontal direction in the field. It is possible to apply fertilizer appropriately without damaging the plant even at the time of short sprout and at the time of growing to some extent.

  In addition, the granular material can be dispersed downward in the central spraying portion, and the granular material such as fertilizer can be sprayed evenly in the left-right direction including the central portion.

  Moreover, the scattering distance of the granular material can be adjusted by changing the rotational speeds of the rotary blade drive motors M3 and M4.

  Also, by changing the rotation speed of the roller drive motor according to the fertilizer scattering distance in the spraying section, the amount of fertilizer supplied to the side spraying section can be adjusted according to the fertilizer scattering distance in the spraying section. it can.

  Moreover, it can spread by dropping granular materials, such as a fertilizer, from the upper direction of a plant over a wide range in a farm field with a spreading car. Thereby, a granular material can be appropriately sprayed irrespective of the growth time of a plant, ie, the height of a plant.

  Further, by inclining the side opening 21b of the spraying portions 12a and 12a 'slightly downward, the granular material can be blown at an appropriate angle to the upper left or the upper right, and the granular material has a circular arc upward. It can be sprayed appropriately by dropping it from above the plant.

  Also, by opening and closing the shutter, one side spraying only on the left side or right side, or one side spraying on the left side and lower side, right side and lower side etc. can be easily realized, and fertilizer adapted to the arrangement, shape etc. of the field Can be easily realized.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the case where the spreading | spreading apparatus which concerns on this invention was attached to a riding management machine was shown, you may attach not only to a riding management machine but to the front part of a tractor other passenger moving vehicles.

  In addition, for example, in the additional fertilization work of wheat, since a conventional fertilizer application machine cannot be put in the field during the growth period before cutting, the fertilization work can be performed only by manual work. For example, it is possible to apply fertilization work even if tall wheat grows by installing a spraying device on a spraying vehicle, eliminating the need for manual fertilization, and fertilizing up to a width of 15 m at a time. Since the work can be done, fertilization work time can be greatly shortened.

  Also in the case of rice fertilization work, especially after paddy rice planting, fertilization work in paddy fields was one of the fields where mechanization was delayed, but according to the present invention, the spraying device should be installed in the spreading car. Then, by putting the spreader in the paddy field (see Fig. 14), it is possible to efficiently perform a wide range of fertilization work in the paddy field. Similarly, in the paddy field, it is possible to eliminate the manual fertilization work, Since fertilization work can be performed at a maximum width of 15 m at a time, the fertilization work time can be greatly shortened.

  In addition, the amount of granular material supplied to the side spraying unit can be adjusted by changing the rotation speed of the roller of the delivery roller unit corresponding to the spraying distance of the side spraying unit, and it is appropriate according to the spraying distance. Supply amount of fertilizer and the like can be set. That is, the supply amount of fertilizer and the like to the side spreading unit can be changed in conjunction with the rotation speed of the rotary blades. Moreover, it can also comprise so that supply_amount | feed_rate of a fertilizer etc. to a side spreading | diffusion part can be automatically changed and controlled according to the rotational speed (scattering distance) of a rotary blade.

  Moreover, according to the spreader vehicle of the present invention, it is possible to perform a wide range of fertilizer spraying and the like extremely efficiently not only in wheat fields but also in paddy fields.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which four spreaders are provided as one unit (example in FIG. 3) is shown. However, two spreaders 7a and 7d having spreaders 12a and 12a ′ are provided as one unit. 2 may be installed, or only one spreading machine 7a having the spreading unit 12a may be installed in the spreading car 2.

  In FIG. 1, 34 is a cover of the tank 8, 35 is a handle of the spreader 2, 36 is a seat of the driver 37, 38 is an engine storage unit, 39 is a vehicle body frame, and in FIG. Fertilizer, Q is a plant such as wheat, and G is a field.

  The spraying device or the spraying vehicle according to the present invention can be used as a spraying device for fertilizers for wheat or rice. Moreover, it can be widely used not only as a fertilizer but also as a spraying device or a spraying vehicle for granular materials such as seeds.

1 Scattering device 2 Scattering wheel 2b Horizontal frame (support frame)
2b 'Movable frame 5 Horizontal square bar (horizontal support rod in the left-right direction)
8 Tank (particulate storage)
9 Fertilizer feed roller 10a, 10b Lower hopper part 11a-11h Hose 12a, 12a 'Side spreading part 12b, 12b' Downward spreading part 13 Rotating blade 21 Rotating blade housing (housing)
21b Side opening 21b 'Lower side 24 Blade (rotary blade)
24b 'the other end (outer edge)
27A-27C Curved guide plate 27 'Curved downward (guide surface)
29 Standing piece 30 Upper surface enlarged opening 31 U-shaped fixed angle 45 Guide plate 50 Guide protrusion 51, 52 Auxiliary guide protrusion M1, M2 Roller drive motor M3, M4 Rotary blade drive motor M5 Lift drive motor S Open / close shutter S1, S2 Open / close shutter θ1-θ3 Downward tilt angle α1-α3 Upward tilt angle H, H1-H3 Horizontal line

Claims (6)

Fixed to the machine frame are a granular material storage unit, a feeding roller unit that feeds the granular material stored in the granular material storage unit, and a side spraying unit that sprays the granular material sent from the feeding roller unit into the air. In a spraying device constructed by
A rotating blade is rotatably supported in the housing, and the side spraying portion is formed by forming a side opening on a side surface of the rotating blade in the rotational direction of the housing,
The particulate matter supplied from the particulate matter storage unit into the enclosure is configured to be scattered from the side opening by rotation of the rotary blade,
The outer edge of each rotary blade is arranged at a predetermined distance from the side surface of the housing so as not to contact the side surface of the housing, and a rotary blade drive motor is connected to the rotary shaft of the rotary blade,
A guide plate that has a guide surface along the rotation direction of the rotary blade at the lower side of the side opening, and guides the granular material that is blown in the direction of the side opening by the rotary blade and projects obliquely upward. Set up
The guide plate is composed of a plurality of guide plates,
Each of the guide plates is configured such that the scattering distance of the granular material varies depending on the guide plates by projecting the side opening from the lower side to the side so as to be different from each other. A spraying device characterized by being. Each of the guide plates is configured by a curved guide plate having a downward curved portion,
2. The spraying device according to claim 1, wherein downward inclination angles with respect to a horizontal line of tangents of the downward curved portion are different from each other. The guide plate is constituted by a curved guide plate having a small downward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line of the tangent of the downward curved portion, and a curved guide plate having a large downward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line of the tangent of the downward curved portion,
The granular material is scattered to a predetermined distance by the curved guide plate having a small downward inclination angle, and the granular material is scattered to a distance shorter than the predetermined distance by the curved guide plate having a large downward inclination angle. The spraying device according to claim 2. Each guide plate is constituted by a guide plate having a large upward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line of the tip edge, and a guide plate having a small upward inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line of the tip edge,
The granular material is scattered to a predetermined distance by the guide plate having a large upward inclination angle, and the granular material is scattered to a distance shorter than the predetermined distance by the guide plate having a small upward inclination angle. The spraying device according to claim 1. A downward spraying part for spraying the granular material sent out from the granular material storage part by the delivery roller part downward is fixed to the machine frame adjacent to the side spraying part,
The downward spraying portion has a guide plate that guides the granular material sent out from the sending roller portion downward,
On the guide plate, the granular material falling from above abuts and is provided at the left and right positions below the guide protrusion, and the guide protrusion that distributes the granular material to the left and right, and the left and right positions. The spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a pair of auxiliary guide protrusions that come into contact with the granular material and further distribute the granular material left and right. A spreading vehicle comprising the spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The spraying device is arranged in the spraying vehicle so that the side opening of the side spraying unit is located on the right side or the left side with respect to the traveling direction of the spraying vehicle. To spread.

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