JP2019024412A - Spraying apparatus and spray vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a spraying apparatus that allows for spraying without any problem even lightweight granular matter of small particle sizes such as herbicide.SOLUTION: The spraying apparatus is provided that is configured by fixing to a machine frame: a granular matter storage unit; a delivery roller unit delivering granular matter stored in the storage unit; and a side spraying unit spraying the granular matter into the obliquely upward air, the granular matter being delivered from the delivery. The side spraying unit is formed by: rotatably supporting a rotary blade in a casing; and forming a side opening for spraying the granular matter in the side face of the casing, the side opening being positioned at a rotating direction side of the rotary blade. The side spraying unit has a supporting tube guiding the delivered granular matter toward the direction of the rotary blade. A tilting table tilting in the direction of the rotary blade for spraying the granular matter toward the direction of the rotary blade is provided in the supporting tube, and a guide plate guiding the granular matter delivered to the tilting table to the central part of the tilting table in an exit of the tilting table is also provided in the supporting tube.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

  The present invention relates to a spraying device for spraying herbicides and the like on fields such as wheat, rice (paddy fields), fruit trees, vegetables, turf and the like, and a spraying vehicle including the spraying device.

  Conventionally, as a device for spraying granular fertilizers on wheat and other fields, fertilizer side spraying units are provided on the left and right of the front of the spraying wheel, granular fertilizer is supplied to the spraying unit, and the rotating blades inside the spraying unit are installed. Devices have been developed that can spread fertilizer over a wide range of fields by rotating and flying the fertilizer in a parabolic shape from the spraying part in the left-right direction of the spreading car (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Japanese Patent No. 5081198 JP 2012-139177 A

  By the way, the above-mentioned conventional spraying device is suitable for spraying a fertilizer or the like having a relatively large particle size (particle size of about 5 mm to 10 mm), but a light weight with a very small particle size such as a herbicide. Herbicides with a small particle size (for example, having a particle size of 1 mm to 2 mm) are difficult to come into contact with the rotating blades even when supplied to the spraying part, and tend to fall downward from the opening of the spraying part. It was not easy to fly far away.

  On the other hand, it is also considered that the herbicide is sprayed with a drone, but there is a problem that it cannot be sprayed well due to the downdraft of the drone itself and is not suitable for a wide range of spraying.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said conventional subject, Even if it is a granular material with small particle diameters, such as a herbicide, can be skipped widely by improving the structure of the conventional side spreading | diffusion part. It aims at providing a spreading device and a spreading car.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention
1stly, a granular material storage part, the sending roller part which sends out the granular material stored in this granular material storage part, and the granular material sent with the hose from this sending roller part are sprinkled diagonally upward in the air In a spraying apparatus configured by fixing a side spraying unit to a machine frame, rotating blades are rotatably supported in a casing, and particulate matter is sprayed on a side surface of the rotating blade in the rotating direction of the casing. The side spraying portion is formed by forming a side opening for the support, and the side spraying portion includes a support tube for guiding the granular material sent from the hose in the direction of the rotary blade. An inclined base inclined in the direction of the rotary blade in order to fly the granular material sent from the hose toward the rotary blade in the support tube, and provided on the inclined base, The granular material sent to the tilt table A guide plate that guides to the center of the tilting table is provided at the exit of the tilting table, and a plurality of guide plates having a guide surface along the rotation direction of the rotating blades project on the lower side of the side opening. The guide plate is configured by a spraying device that is configured such that the heights of the tip portions are different from each other.

  The machine frame can be constituted by, for example, a U-shaped mounting plate (15a), a U-shaped fixed angle (31), a mounting angle (33), and the like. The said granular material storage part can be comprised by a tank (8), for example. A housing | casing means a rotary blade storage housing | casing (21). The granular material is, for example, a granular herbicide having a small particle size. The feed roller portion can be constituted by, for example, a feed roller (9), lower hopper portions (10a, 10b), hoses (11a, 11b), and the like. The support tube can be constituted by, for example, a hose support tube (26). The guide plate can be constituted by, for example, curved guide plates (27a, 27b, 27c). If comprised in this way, even if it is a lightweight herbicide etc., it can be surely supplied to the direction of the above-mentioned rotary blade by an inclined stand, and moreover, a granular material is put in the central part near the exit of the inclined stand by a guide plate. Since they can be concentrated, even a lightweight herbicide or the like can be reliably brought into contact with the rotating blades, and even a lightweight herbicide with a small particle size can be blown sideways. In addition, with the guide plates having different heights, the granular material scattered to a long distance and the granular material scattered to a middle distance to a short distance are mixed, thereby making the granular material with a small particle size such as a lightweight herbicide. Even if it is, it can be sprayed evenly from a long distance to a short distance.

  Second, the tilt table is tilted with respect to the bottom surface of the support tube so that the separation distance from the base end side to the outlet side gradually increases, and in the extending direction of the tilt table. It is comprised by the said spreading | diffusion apparatus of the said 1st which is provided with the said rotary blade.

  If comprised in this way, compared with the case where an inclined base does not exist, a lightweight granular material can be reliably supplied to the direction of a rotary blade by an inclined base, and even if it is a lightweight granular material with a small particle size. It can be reliably blown by the rotating blades.

  3rdly, the said guide plate is comprised by the spreading | diffusion apparatus of the said 1st or 2 which is provided in a pair of right and left in the plate | board surface of the said inclination stand.

  If comprised in this way, even if it is a lightweight and small granular material, since it can be guide | induced to the center part of the exit of an inclination stand with a guide plate, a granular material is made to contact a rotary blade more reliably. Therefore, it is possible to fly the granular material with a rotating blade without waste.

  Fourthly, the plurality of guide plates are constituted by a guide plate for flying granular materials obliquely upward at a predetermined height and a guide plate for flying granular materials obliquely upward lower than the predetermined height. It is comprised by the spraying apparatus in any one of said 1st-3rd.

  If comprised in this way, even if it is a granular material with small particle diameters, such as a lightweight herbicide, a granular material can be spread uniformly from a long distance to a short distance.

  Fifth, at least two spraying devices are juxtaposed on the horizontal support rod in the left-right direction, and the side opening portions of the respective side spraying portions are arranged symmetrically so as to face the left side and the right side, respectively, The above-mentioned first to the above-mentioned constitutions are such that the granular material is sprayed diagonally to the left and upward by the side spraying unit, and the granular material is sprayed diagonally upward and right by the side spraying unit on the right side. 4. It is comprised by the spraying apparatus in any one of 4.

  If comprised in this way, it can be scattered by turning granular material, such as a herbicide, from the upper part of the plant in a field by scattering a granular material to the left-right direction diagonally upward by rotation of a rotary blade. Can do.

  Sixthly, between the left and right side spraying units, there is provided a downward spraying unit for spraying the granular material sent from the granular material storage unit by the sending roller unit downward. It is comprised by the spraying apparatus of said 5th.

  If comprised in this way, a granular material can be spread | dispersed downward also in the downward spraying part of a center part, and granular materials, such as a herbicide, can be spread | diffused widely in the left-right direction including a center part.

  Seventh, the feed roller of the feed roller section is provided with a plurality of recesses along the axial direction on the outer periphery thereof, and the recess is divided into two parts on the left and right sides of the center of the feed roller, The depth of the concave portion on one side is formed deeper than the depth of the concave portion on the other side, and the granular material supplied to the deep concave portion on the one side is supplied to the side spreading portion by the hose, and the other side The granular material supplied to the shallow concave portion on the side is constituted by the spraying device according to the sixth aspect, which is supplied to the downward spraying portion by the hose.

  If comprised in this way, more granular material can be supplied to the side spreading | diffusion part with much spreading | diffusion amount, and a comparatively small quantity of granular material can be supplied to the downward spreading | diffusion part with comparatively little spreading | diffusion amount. Therefore, the granular material can be appropriately distributed and supplied.

  8thly, the said granular material is comprised with the spraying apparatus in any one of said 1st-7 which is a herbicide.

  9thly, it is a dispersion | distribution vehicle which comprises the dispersion | spreading apparatus in any one of said 1st-4th, Comprising: The said side surface opening part of the said side dispersion | spreading part with respect to the advancing direction of the said dispersion | distribution vehicle The sprayer is disposed on the right side or the left side of the spreader, and the side opening of the sprayer is fixed to the spreader while being inclined downward from a horizontal position. It is composed of a spreader equipped with a spreader.

  10thly, it is a dispersion | distribution vehicle which comprises the dispersion | spreading apparatus in any one of said 1-4, Comprising: The said side surface opening part of the said side dispersion | spreading part of the said dispersion | spreading apparatus is with respect to the advancing direction of the said dispersion | distribution vehicle. The side opening of each spraying device is fixed to the spraying vehicle while being inclined downward from a horizontal position. It is constituted by a spreader equipped with a device.

  The above-mentioned spreading car can be constituted by a spreading car (2). The state inclined downward from the horizontal position can be a state where the side opening is inclined 45 degrees downward from the horizontal position, for example. If comprised in this way, it can spread by dropping granular materials, such as a herbicide, from the upper direction of a plant over a wide field in a field with a spreader. Thereby, a granular material can be appropriately sprayed irrespective of the growth time of a plant, ie, the height of a plant. In addition, by inclining the side opening of the spraying device slightly downward, the granular material can be scattered at an appropriate angle to the upper left or upper right, so that the granular material draws an arc upward. It can be sprayed by scattering and dropping from above the plant.

  Eleventh, the ninth or tenth aspect is characterized in that a support frame is provided on the dispersion wheel, the support device is supported on the support frame, and the support frame can be moved up and down. It is comprised with the dispersion | spreading vehicle which comprises this dispersion | spreading apparatus.

  The support frame can be constituted by a left-right frame (2b), for example. If comprised in this way, the height of a side spraying part and / or a downward spraying part can be adjusted according to the height of the plant of a field, and a granular material can be sprayed from an optimal position.

  Since this invention was comprised as mentioned above, even if it is a granular material like a herbicide with a small particle size and a light weight, it can be reliably supplied to a rotary blade and can be reliably blown to the side.

  In addition, the granular material scattered to a long distance by the rotating blades and the granular material scattered to a medium distance or a short distance are mixed. Even if it exists, a granular material can be spread uniformly from a long distance to a short distance.

  Moreover, the granular material (herbicide) can be uniformly distributed over a long distance, a medium distance, a short distance, or a long distance and a short distance by the guide plates having different heights.

  In addition, lightweight granular materials (herbicides) can be reliably supplied in the direction of the rotating blades by the tilting table, and even if the granular material is light and small in size, the rotating blades can reliably fly a long distance. Can do.

  Further, even if the granular material is light and has a small particle size, it can be guided to the central part of the exit of the tilting table by the guide plate, so that the granular material can be brought into contact with the rotating blade more reliably and wasted. The granular material can be skipped by the rotary blade.

  In addition, by rotating the rotary blades, the granular material can be scattered in the left-right direction obliquely upward, and thereby the granular material such as the herbicide can be sprayed by dropping from the upper part of the plant in the field.

  Moreover, granular materials can be sprayed downward also in the downward spraying portion of the central portion, and granular materials such as herbicides can be sprayed in a wide range in the left-right direction including the central portion.

  In addition, it is possible to supply more granular material to the side spraying section with a large amount of spraying, and to supply a relatively small amount of granular material to the downward spraying section with a relatively small amount of spraying. Can be distributed appropriately.

  Moreover, it can spread by dropping granular materials, such as a herbicide, from the upper direction of a plant over a wide range in a farm field with a spreader. Thereby, a granular material can be appropriately sprayed irrespective of the growth time of a plant, ie, the height of a plant. In addition, by tilting the side opening of the spraying device downward, the granular material can be scattered at an appropriate angle to the upper left or the upper right, and the granular material is scattered so as to draw an arc upward. It can be sprayed by dropping from above the plant.

  Moreover, the height of the side spraying unit and / or the lower spraying unit can be adjusted according to the height of the plant in the field, and the granular material can be sprayed from the optimum position.

It is a side view of the spreading vehicle to which the spreading apparatus concerning the present invention is applied. It is a partial cross section side view of the spreader of an apparatus same as the above. It is a front view of the spreading vehicle to which the same apparatus is applied. (A) is a front view of the spreading | diffusion part of an apparatus same as the above, (b) is side sectional drawing of the spreading | diffusion part. It is a perspective view of the rotary blade of the same apparatus. It is a front view of the spreading machine of the spreading vehicle which applied the apparatus same as the above. It is a front view of the downward spreading | diffusion part of the spreading vehicle which applied the apparatus same as the above. (A) is an enlarged front view of the vicinity of the feed roller of the above apparatus, (b) is a sectional view taken along line XX of (a), and (b) is a sectional view taken along line YY of (a). It is sectional drawing of the side spreading | diffusion part of an apparatus same as the above. It is a cross-sectional perspective view of the side spreading | diffusion part of an apparatus same as the above. It is a cross-sectional top view of the side spreading | diffusion part of an apparatus same as the above. It is sectional drawing of the side spreading | diffusion part of an apparatus same as the above. (A) is a cross-sectional view of the spreader in the vicinity of the shutter showing the shutter in the spreader at both ends, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the spreader in the vicinity of the shutter showing the divided shutter in the spreader in the center. is there. It is a circuit diagram which shows the electric constitution of the dispersion | spreading part of an apparatus same as the above. It is a figure which shows the condition which spreads a herbicide in a farm field with a dispersion car same as the above. It is a figure which shows the condition which performs one-side spraying with the same spreading vehicle. (A) is a figure which shows the condition which spreads a fertilizer to the wheat grown by the same apparatus, (b) is a figure which shows the condition which spreads a fertilizer to the sprout of wheat by the same apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows the distance of the front-end | tip part of a rotary blade, and a housing | casing inner wall.

Hereinafter, the spraying apparatus 1 which concerns on this invention is demonstrated in detail.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a state in which the spraying device 1 is set on a front portion 2a of a spraying vehicle 2 made of agricultural chemicals or the like. In this figure, the dispersion wheel 2 has a front wheel 3a (two wheels) and a rear wheel 3b (two wheels), and has a spray tube 4 for agricultural chemicals or the like that extends horizontally in the left-right direction (in FIG. 1, spraying). The tube 4 is shown to be folded rearward from the fulcrum 4a along the vehicle body). In the field, the spray tube 4 is opened to the left and right with the fulcrum 4a as a base point, and downward from a plurality of locations along the tube 4. Agricultural chemicals are sprayed. Such a spreading vehicle 2 is a so-called riding management machine that performs various management operations such as spraying agricultural chemicals in a field.

  Considering that the length of one of the spray tubes 4 is 7 m at the maximum and the vehicle width is approximately 1 m, the range of approximately 15 m at the maximum (left spray tube 7 m + front wheel 3a 1 m + right) Has the ability to spray pesticides etc. on the spray tube 7m).

  On the upper surface of the left-right frame 2b (see FIG. 3) of the front portion 2a of the spreader wheel 1 (see FIG. 2), the lower portions of the two L-shaped angles 7 and 7 are bolts and nuts B (see FIG. 2). Standingly fixed, a horizontal square bar 5 having substantially the same length as the left-right frame 2b is fixed to the front surfaces of the upper ends of these angles 7 and 7 by bolts and nuts B (see FIG. 2). Then, a mounting tube 6a at the rear end of the front / rear direction support angle 6 is inserted through the horizontal square bar 5, and the angle 6 is formed in the left / right direction recess 6b ′ of the recessed mounting portion 6b provided on the upper surface of the front end. Is fixed horizontally with the side facing upward (see FIG. 2).

  As shown in FIG. 3, the front and rear support angles 6 are fixed with two at a predetermined interval on the left side and two at a predetermined interval on the right side with respect to the center line P of the horizontal square bar 5. In the left and right concave portions 6b 'and 6b' of the concave mounting portions 6b and 6b of the two left support angles 6 and 6, a short horizontal support rod 14a for supporting the below-mentioned spreaders 7a and 7b is placed. The bolts and nuts B are respectively fixed to the left and right recesses 6b 'and 6b', and the right and left recesses 6b 'and 6b' of the concave mounting portions 6b and 6b of the two right support angles 6 and 6 are described later. A short horizontal support rod 14b for supporting the spreaders 7c and 7d is placed and fixed to the left and right recesses 6b 'and 6b' by bolts and nuts B.

  Thus, as shown in FIG. 3, the spraying device 1 has four units 7a, 7b, 7c, and 7d arranged in a horizontal direction at regular intervals on the horizontal square bar 5 in one unit. It is composed. In addition, as will be described later, a herbicide (particle diameter: 1 mm to 2 mm) is sprayed from the side spray part 12a of the leftmost spreader 7a obliquely upward to the left (the maximum reachable distance of the herbicide is about 5.5 m, region E1) (see FIG. 15), spraying the herbicide from the side spraying part 12a ′ of the rightmost spreader 7d diagonally upward to the right (the maximum reachable distance of the herbicide is about 5.5 m, region E2), and the center By spraying the herbicide downward from the downward spraying portions 12b, 12b ′ provided at the lower ends of the two sprayers 7b, 7c (range of about 1 m in the left-right direction, region E3), As a whole, the herbicide can be evenly sprayed over a maximum range of about 12 m (left 5.5 m + center 1 m + right 5.5 m).

  The spreaders 7a and 7b are vertically supported by a single short horizontal support rod 14a with a pair of U-shaped mounting plates 15a and 15b. The short horizontal support rod 14a is as described above. The spreader wheel 2 is fitted and fixed on the left and right concave portions 6b ′ and 6b ′ of the concave mounting portions 6b and 6b at the front ends of the front and rear support angles 6 and 6 and fixed with bolts and nuts B. Is fixed to the left side of the front portion 2a (see FIG. 3).

  The spreaders 7c and 7d are supported upright with a pair of U-shaped mounting plates 15c and 15d on one short horizontal support rod 14b, and the short horizontal support rod 14b is as described above. Are fitted and fixed on the left and right concave portions 6b 'and 6b' of the concave mounting portions 6b and 6b at the rear ends of the front and rear support angles 6 and 6 and fixed with bolts and nuts B, thereby 2 is fixed to the right side of the front part 2a (see FIG. 3).

  The left and right frame 2b of the spreader wheel 2 is supported by a movable frame 2b ′ (see FIG. 1), and the movable frame 2b ′ can be rotated about a support shaft 2b ″ by a lift drive motor M5 ( (In the directions of arrows G and Y), the horizontal frame 2b can also be moved up and down in the directions of arrows I and J (see FIG. 1, two-dot chain line), so the spraying device attached to the horizontal frame 2b. 1 can also be raised and lowered in the directions of arrows I and J by raising and lowering the left and right frame 2b, which is the height of side spraying parts 12a and 12a 'and downward spraying parts 12b and 12b' to be described later. Usually, the height of these spraying parts can be adjusted to the upper end position (height) of the plant in the field.

  Since the basic configuration of these spreaders 7a to 7d is the same, the structure of the spreader 7a (see FIGS. 2 and 6) will be described as an example, and the other spreaders 7b to 7d will be described below. The same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted for convenience. It should be noted that differences in each spreader, such as the shutter and hose routing configurations, will be described each time.

  In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes a tank. In this embodiment, fine granular granular herbicide is introduced into the tank 8. An opening 8a is provided at the lower end of the tank 8 (see FIG. 13), and the charged granular herbicide falls to the feed roller 9 below from the opening 8a. A concave portion 9a for storing the herbicide and feeding it downward is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the feed roller 9, and the herbicide thrown into the concave portion 9a is moved downward by the rotation of the roller 9 in the direction of arrow A. Then, it is dropped onto two lower hoppers 10a and 10b arranged in the left and right direction below the roller 9 (see FIG. 6). And hose 11a, 11b is each connected to the lower end opening of this hopper part 10a, 10b. A plurality of recesses 9 a are provided in the circumferential direction along the rotation axis of the feed roller 9.

  The opening 8a is provided with a shutter S that is a rectangular plate that opens and closes the opening 8a (FIG. 13A). The shutter S is slidable back and forth along the rails 46 and 46 by being guided by the left and right edge guide rails 46 and 46 of the horizontal frame 15a ′ (15d ′) that supports the tank 8. By closing the shutter S, the supply of the granular herbicide in the tank 8 to the feed roller 9 can be stopped. The shutter S can slide forward to open the opening 8a, and slide backward to close the opening 8a. The structure of the shutter S is the same in the spreaders 7a and 7d at both ends, but is slightly different in the spreaders 7b and 7c at the center.

  In the center spreaders 7b and 7c, the shutter S is separated into left and right shutters S1 and S2 that divide the opening 8a into left and right as shown in FIGS. And can be opened and closed. That is, the horizontal frame 15b ′ (15c ′) is provided with a center guide rail 47 in addition to the left and right side guide guide rails 46, 46. Both guide guide rails S1, S2 are connected to the left and right guide rails 46 and the center. By being guided by the guide rail 47, it can be opened and closed independently along the rails.

  The reason why the shutters S1 and S2 are divided into right and left in the spreaders 7b and 7c in the central part in this way will be described with respect to the spreader 7b (see FIG. 7). Among the herbicides that fall downward from the opening 8a, The herbicide falling from the left side falls to the side spraying part 12a via the left hopper part 10a by the left part of the feed roller 9 and is sprayed obliquely upward to the left, and falls downward from the opening 8a. Of these, since the herbicide falling from the right side is sprayed downward from the downward spraying part 12b through the right hopper part 10b from the right part of the feed roller 9, the herbicide supplied to the side spraying part 12a and The herbicide supplied to the downward spraying unit 12b can be independently controlled to supply and stop.

  That is, by opening the shutter S1 and closing the shutter S2, it is possible to stop only the herbicide supplied to the downward spray part 12b while supplying the herbicide to the side spray part 12a, Conversely, it is possible to control such that only the herbicide supplied to the side spray unit 12a is stopped and the herbicide is supplied only to the downward spray unit 12b. The same applies to the spreader 7c.

  Thus, by providing the shutters S, S1, and S2 for the spreaders 7a to 7d, for example, when spraying only the left side and the lower side and stopping the right side spray, the shutters S and shutters of the spreaders 7a and 7b are used. This can be realized by opening S1 and S2, opening only the shutter S1 of the spreader 7c, and closing the shutter S2 of the spreader 7c and the shutter S of the spreader 7d. Conversely, when only the right side and the lower side are sprayed and the left side spraying is stopped, the shutters S1 and S2 and the shutter S of the spreaders 7c and 7d are opened, and only the shutter S2 of the spreader 7b is opened and the above spraying is performed. This can be realized by closing the shutter S1 of the machine 7b and the shutter S of the spreader 7a.

Furthermore, the characteristics of the feed roller 9 in the spreaders 7b and 7c will be described with reference to FIG. 4A is a front view of the feed roller 9 of the spreader 7b, FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of the feed roller of FIG. 3A, and FIG. It is Y line sectional drawing. As shown in the figure, the recesses 9b and 9b 'of the feed roller 9 are formed by a deep groove with a wide recess 9b on the hopper 10a (on the hose 11c side) (see FIG. 4B). The concave portion 9b ′ on the hose 11d side is narrow and is constituted by a shallow groove (see FIG. 4C).
This is because the herbicide supplied from the tank 8 to the lower feed roller 9 is supplied to the recesses 9b and 9b 'and supplied to the hoses 11c and 11d by the rotation of the feed roller 9. The hose 11c is connected to the side spraying part 12a, and the hose 11d is connected to the downward spraying part 12b, so that the amount of herbicide supplied to the side spraying part 12a is increased. This is because the amount of the herbicide supplied to the downward spraying portion 12b is reduced.
It is necessary to spread the herbicide uniformly from the side spray part 12a over about 5.5 m, while the herbicide sprayed from the downward spray part 12b is sprayed from the side spray part 12a. Since a smaller amount is sufficient, a difference is provided in the recesses 9b and 9b ′ of the feed roller 9 in this way. If comprised in this way, a suitable quantity of herbicides can be disperse | distributed and scattered to the side and the downward direction. Further, since the herbicide has fine particles, a plurality of particles are introduced into the recesses 9b and 9b ′. On the other hand, for example, a fertilizer having a large particle size is large enough to contain one of the recesses 9b.

  As described above, the feed roller 9 of the feed roller portion is provided with a plurality of recesses 9b, 9b ′ along the axial direction on the outer periphery thereof, and the recesses 9b, 9b ′ are arranged at the center of the feed roller 9 in the circumferential direction. The depth of the concave portion 9b on one side is formed deeper than the depth of the concave portion 9b 'on the other side, and the granular material supplied to the deep concave portion 9b on the one side is dispersed laterally. The granular material supplied to the portion 12a by the hose 11c and supplied to the shallow groove 9b ′ on the other side is configured to be supplied to the downward spraying portion 12b by the hose 11d. In addition, although the spreader 7b was demonstrated above, in the said spreader 7c, it becomes a structure symmetrical with the said spreader 7b. That is, in the spreader 7c, the width of the recess 9b 'on the left side of the feed roller 9 is narrow and is constituted by a shallow groove (supplied to the downward spray part 12b'), and the width of the recess 9b on the right side of the feed roller 9 is It is composed of wide and deep grooves. Further, in the feed roller 9 of the spreaders 7a and 7d, the grooves of the left and right recesses 9a have the same size (the same width and depth).

  Returning to FIG. 3, a common drive shaft 9 'is provided at the center of the feed roller 9 of the spreader 7a and the feed roller 9 of the spreader 7b adjacent to the spreader 7a. It penetrates the plate 15a, protrudes to the left from the mounting plate 15a at the left end, and is configured to be rotationally driven by the roller drive motor M1. As a result, the feed rollers 9, 9 of the spreaders 7a, 7b are simultaneously rotated in the same direction (arrow A direction) by the drive shaft 9 '.

  Similarly, a common drive shaft 9 'is provided at the center of the feed rollers 9, 9 of the spreader 7c and the spreader 7d, and the drive shaft 9' is provided through the mounting plate 15d. It protrudes rightward from the right end mounting plate 15c, and is configured so that the protrusion can be rotationally driven by a roller drive motor M2. Thereby, the feed rollers 9 and 9 of the spreaders 7c and 7d are simultaneously rotated in the same direction (arrow A direction) by the drive shaft 9 '.

  The herbicide introduced into the hoses 11a, 11b of the spreader 7a is guided downward by the hose, and the left upper direction of the spreader wheel 2 by the rotary vanes 13 in the side sprayer 12a provided at the lower end of the hose. It is configured to fly in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 3 (see FIGS. 12 and 15).

  In each of the spreaders 7a to 7d, the configuration of the spreaders 12a and 12b of the two left spreaders 7a and 7b and the configuration of the spreaders 12a ′ and 12b ′ of the two right spreaders 7c and 7d are the center line P. It has a left-right symmetric structure with the center at the center. That is, the side spraying portions 12a and 12a 'at the left and right end portions are used to fly the herbicides in the diagonally upward left direction and the diagonally upward right direction by the rotary blades 13 (see FIG. 15). The parts 12b and 12b ′ are sprayed downward by the hoses 11d and 11e, respectively (see the direction of arrow D in FIG. 3 and FIG. 15).

  The lower ends of the two hoses 11a and 11b of the spreader 7a are connected to a hose support pipe 26 as an inlet of the side spreader 12a, and the two hoses 11c of the spreader 7b. 11d, the hose 11c on the spreader 7a side connected to the hopper 10a is also connected to the hose support pipe 26 of the spreader 12a, and passes through the respective hoses 11a, 11b, 11c. The herbicide that has fallen is sprayed diagonally upward to the left by the rotary blade 13.

  The lower end of the other hose 11d connected to the hopper 10b of the spreader 7b is connected and fixed to the downward spreading portion 12b, and the fertilizer that has fallen through the hose 11d is transferred to the lower end of the hose 11d. 11d 'is sprayed downward (arrow D direction).

  Further, the lower ends of the two hoses 11g and 11h connected to the hoppers 10a and 10b of the spreader 7d are connected to the hose support pipe 26 of the side spreader 12a ′, and 2 of the spreader 7c. Among the hoses 11e and 11f, the hose 11f connected to the hopper 10b on the spreader 7d side is similarly connected at its lower end to the hose support pipe 26 of the side spreading portion 12a ′. The herbicides that have fallen through 11g and 11h are blown in the diagonally upper right direction (FIG. 3, arrow C ′ direction) by the rotating blades 13 of the spreading part 12a ′ (see FIG. 15).

  Further, the other hose 11e connected to the hopper 10a of the spreader 7c is connected and fixed to the downward spraying portion 12b ′, and the herbicide that has fallen through the hose 11e is the lower end 11e ′ of the hose 11e. Sprayed downward (in the direction of arrow D).

  As shown in FIG. 15, the spray area of the herbicide is a range E1 of about 5.5 m at the maximum from the position on the left side of the spreader 1 to the far position in the side spray section 12a. In 12a ′, the range E2 is about 5.5 m at the maximum from the position on the right side of the spreader 1 to the far position. Further, the center spraying part 12b is in the lower range e1, and the center spraying part 12b is in the lower range e2 (FIG. 3), and these spraying parts 12a, 12a ′, 12b, and 12b ′ are used to center the spreader 1 on the left side. The fertilizer can be sprayed in a total range of 12 m, 5.5 m, 1 m in the center (E3 = e1 + e2), and 5.5 m on the right side.

  Next, the configuration of the spreading unit 12 will be described in detail. The spraying unit is composed of rotating side spraying units 12a and 12a 'using rotating blades and drop-type downward spraying units 12b and 12b' that do not use rotating blades (see FIG. 3). Since these spreading parts are provided symmetrically with respect to the center line P as described above, the left spreading parts 12a and 12b will be described, and the right spreading parts 12a 'and 12b' will be the same part. Are denoted by the same reference numerals and their description is omitted for the sake of convenience.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the side spreading part 12a is composed of a rotary blade housing case (housing) 21 and a motor housing case 22 connected to the housing 21. A rotary shaft 22 a of a rotary blade drive motor M <b> 3 fixed inside the housing 22 is disposed at substantially the center in the longitudinal direction of the rotary blade housing housing 21. In addition, the rotary blade drive motor of the other side spreading part 12a 'is referred to as a rotary blade drive motor M4 (see FIG. 14).

  The rotating shaft 22a is provided with vane plate fixing short plates 23 radially at three positions with an angle of 120 degrees when viewed from the axial direction (see FIG. 5), and these three vane plate fixing short plates. A vane plate (rotary vane) 24 is fixed to each 23 by bolts and nuts B, respectively. Reference numerals 25 and 25 are support disks for supporting both end portions of the blade 24.

  Each vane plate fixing short plate 23 is made of, for example, metal, and a vane plate 24 is fixed to each short plate 23. The vane plate 24 is composed of a rubber plate vane plate 24a and a metal plate 24b fixed in a stacked state so as to cover a substantially front surface side of the rubber plate, and the metal plate 24b is a rotating direction of the rotary vane. On the side. The double blade structure of the rubber plate 24a and the metal plate 24b is used in this way because the elastic force of the rubber plate 24a and the hardness of the metal plate 24b are used to make the rotating blades from a short distance to a long distance. This is because the herbicide can be appropriately distributed evenly.

  Each vane plate 24 has a rectangular shape, and one edge 24a ′ in the longitudinal direction thereof is fixed to the fixed short plate 23 with a bolt and a nut B, and the other end (outer edge portion) 24b ′ in the longitudinal direction. Is placed so as to be close to the inner wall of the rotary blade casing 21 (see FIG. 4B). As shown in FIG. 4B, the other end 24b ′ of the vane plate 24 has a predetermined interval with respect to the inner wall of the housing 21 (the distance between the inner wall and the other edge 24b ′ is the particle size of a granular material such as a herbicide). And the curved guide plate 27, which will be described later, has a predetermined distance (the distance between the surface of the guide plate 27 and the other edge 24b 'is a particle such as a herbicide). It is configured to be in a position where it does not come in contact with an interval that is substantially equal to (slightly) larger than the diameter.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 18, the distance s between the other end 24b ′ of the blade 24 and the inner wall (the bottom surface 21c or the inner surface of the curved guide plate 27) of the casing 21 is about 1 mm to 2 mm. Set to. If comprised in this way, when the said slat 24 rotates, the herbicide (arrow C1, C1 'of FIG. 15) which will contact | abut the board | plate surface of the surface and will fly away by rotation of a board surface, and a slat in the middle The herbicide (arrows C2 and C2 ′ in FIG. 15) that is blown to a medium distance, for example, by detaching from the blade 24, and from the blade plate 24 at the initial stage of rotation of the blade plate 24 without engaging with the blade plate 24. It is broadly divided into herbicides (FIGS. 15C3 and C3 ′) that fall and rise upward along the curved guide plate 27 but fall at a short distance. As a result, weeds are uniformly taken from a short distance to a long distance. The agent can be sprayed (see FIG. 15).

  The rotary blade housing case 21 is provided with an inlet 21a along the longitudinal direction of the rotary blade 24 on the upper surface side, and the hose support pipe 26 that supports the tip of the hose at the inlet 21a. Is connected. The structure of the hose support pipe 26 will be described later.

  Further, the surface of the casing 21 facing the introduction port 21a is a side opening 21b (see FIG. 4B), and the blade 24 is rotated from the side opening 21b (in the direction of arrow H). ) To release the herbicide. As shown in FIG. 4A, the side opening 21b is formed from a substantially rectangular opening, and one end of the curved guide plate 27 is fixed to the lower side thereof. The curved guide plate 27 has a guide surface along the rotational direction by being curved along the rotational direction of the rotary blade on the other edge 27a side, and the other edge 27a ′ and the like are provided on the opening 21b. Curved upward from the lower side, the herbicide can be guided obliquely upward along the curved surface. The distal end portion of the curved guide plate 27 is a curved surface having substantially the same curvature, but is divided into three as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, and the distal end of the curved guide plate 27 from the side closest to the drive motor M3. The curved guide plate 27c has a lower portion 27c ', the curved guide plate 27b has a distal end portion 27b' at an intermediate position, and the curved guide plate 27a has a distal end portion 27a 'at the highest position. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the herbicide is highest and farther away from the curved guide plate 27a at the highest position (see the arrow C1 in the figure), and the herbicide is intermediate distance from the intermediate curved guide plate 27b. (See arrow C2 in the figure), and the herbicide is blown from the lowest curved guide plate 27c to the shortest distance (see arrow C3 in the figure, FIG. 15).

  Two cuts 28 and 28 are provided on the upper side of the side opening 21b with a predetermined interval (T) in the center (see FIG. 4). The upright piece 29 is provided by being bent at a right angle until it is orthogonal to the upper surface of the 21, whereby an upper surface enlarged opening 30 communicating with the side surface opening 21 b is formed on the upper surface of the housing 21 (FIG. ), FIG. 9 and FIG. 12). This upright piece 29 is provided over substantially the entire upper side (T) of the upper side, and as shown in FIG. 12, the herbicide is left on the left without blocking the herbicide that is blown obliquely upward by the rotary blade 13. It is provided in order to fly smoothly diagonally upward. Further, the upright piece 29 has a function of guiding the fertilizer flying obliquely upward to the left (arrow C direction) in the same direction.

  If the upright piece 29 and the upper surface enlarged opening 30 are not present, a part of the herbicide that is blown obliquely upward to the left by the rotary blade abuts on the upper side of the opening 21b, thereby lowering (in the direction of arrow F) , See FIG. 12), the trajectory is corrected and falls and does not fly diagonally upward to the left, or the herbicide whose trajectory has been corrected comes into contact with the herbicide that flies diagonally upward, and the herbicide that originally flies diagonally upward is corrected. It had fallen down (arrow F 'of FIG. 12). However, by providing the upright piece 29 and the upper surface enlarged opening 30, it becomes possible to blow the herbicide diagonally upward to the left through the upper surface enlarged opening 30 formed by the upright piece 29, thereby FIG. As shown in Fig. 4, it is possible to spray a herbicide from above a plant such as wheat. That is, an upper surface enlarged opening 30 that communicates with the side surface opening 21 b is formed on the upper surface of the housing 21 that is continuous with the side surface opening 21 b, and a standing piece 29 is formed along the edge of the upper surface enlarged opening 30. Has been.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the side spreading part 12a has a mounting angle 33 on the lower surface part 31a of the U-shaped fixed angle 31 so that the inclination angle of the upper and lower surfaces of the housing 21 with respect to the horizontal line q is 45 degrees downward. (See FIG. 4B). That is, the side opening 21b of the spraying device 1 is fixed to the spraying vehicle 2 in a state where it is inclined (slightly) downward from the horizontal position. Therefore, the side opening 21b is also installed with an inclination of 45 degrees below the horizontal as a whole. However, the rotary blade 13 rotates upward (in the direction of arrow H) from the bottom, and thus the introduction port 21a. The fertilizer introduced into the inside of the casing 21 from above is blown diagonally upward (in the direction of arrow C) by the rotary blade 3 (see FIG. 12).

  At this time, the herbicide that comes off the rotary blade 13 and falls downward is guided upward by the curved guide plate 27 (any one of 27a to 27c), and the herbicide is left by the presence of the enlarged opening 30. It is smoothly moved obliquely upward (see FIG. 12). Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the herbicide guided to the curved guide plate 27a having the highest tip 27a ′ is blown in the highest left diagonal direction (arrow C1 direction) at the highest upward angle α1 from the horizontal. The herbicide guided to the curved guide plate 27b with the distal end portion 27b 'being in the middle position is blown from the horizontal to the leftward oblique direction (in the direction of arrow C2) at the middle height at the middle upward angle α2, and the distal end portion 27c. The herbicide guided to the curved guide plate 27c having the lowest 'is blown in the lowest leftward oblique direction (arrow C3 direction) at the smallest upward angle α3 from the horizontal.

  When the side opening 21b is inclined downward by 45 degrees, the herbicide jumps out at an appropriate angle obliquely to the upper left by the rotation of the rotary vane 13 in the direction of arrow H, rises relatively high, and then drops. Can be scattered.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, the herbicide as a whole is once thrown high in the upper left direction (in the upper right direction in the case of the right spraying part 12 a ′), and then the wheat is drawn while drawing the locus of the curve (or parabola). Will fall from the top of the plant, etc., not only to the growing wheat Q and the like (FIG. 17 (b)), but also to the tall plant Q (FIG. 17 (a)), The herbicide R can be sprayed from above, and the plant will not be overthrown by the herbicide etc. that flew vigorously from the lateral direction.

  Although the said embodiment is description about the dispersion | spreading part 12a, about the dispersion | distribution part 12a ', only the left-right symmetric shape, and the other structure and effect | action are the same. As described above, the herbicide flying direction is obliquely upward to the right with respect to the right spraying portion 12a '(see arrows C1', C2 ', and C3' in FIG. 15).

  Next, the structure of the spraying part for flying a light granular material (particle diameter of 1 mm to 2 mm) having a small particle size such as a herbicide in the side spraying part 12a will be described.

  FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of the side spraying portion 12a, FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the housing 21 and the upper half of the hose support tube 26 removed, and FIG. 11 is the housing 21 and the hose support tube. The top view of the state which removed the upper piece part of 2 is shown.

  On the bottom surface 26 b of the hose support pipe 26, an inclined table 50 having a “U” -shaped cross section is fixed. In this inclined base 50, one side edge 50b coincides with the edge of the opening 26a on the mounting portion side of the hose 11a, 11b, 11c of the hose support pipe 26, and the other side edge 50c is the one side edge 50b. Rather, it is inclined and fixed in a direction away from the bottom surface 26 b of the hose support pipe 26. Specifically, it is inclined in the direction away from the bottom surface 26b at an angle of θ2 degrees from the opening 26a toward the rotary blade 13 (see FIG. 9).

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, when fixing the lateral spreading portion 12 a to the mounting angle 33, the bolt B is inserted from one surface of the mounting angle 33 and penetrates into the bottom surface 26 b. By screwing the nut N to the bottom surface 26b side, the spreading portion 12a is fixed to the angle 33. The inclined base 50 uses the nut N as shown in FIG. May be inclined upward in the direction of the rotary blade 13.

  Therefore, when the herbicide having a small particle diameter is introduced into the hose support pipe 26 from the hose 11a or the like, the herbicide passes through the plate surface 50a of the inclined base 50 instead of the bottom face 26b of the hose support pipe 26. Is not parallel to the bottom surface 21c of the casing 21, but is dropped from the bottom surface 21c in the direction of the angle θ2 toward the rotary blades 13, so that the rotation It becomes easy to contact | abut to the blade | wing 13, and many quantity contact | abuts to the rotary blade | wing 13, As a result, it becomes easy to fly over a wide range. If the inclined base 50 does not exist, the herbicide introduced into the hose support pipe 26 has a very small particle size and moves downward through the vicinity of the bottom surfaces 26b and 21c. As a result, the amount of the herbicide that comes into contact with the blades 13 decreases, and as a result, the amount of the herbicide that falls close to the spraying portion 12a increases, so that it cannot be sprayed far away. Therefore, even if the herbicide has a small particle size, the tilt table 50 is provided in order to increase the amount of contact with the rotary blade 13.

  On the plate surface 50a of the tilt table 50, guide plates 51, 51 curved in the left-right direction are fixed in an upright state (see FIG. 10). The guide plates 51 and 51 have base end portions 51b and 51b located on the left and right side edges 50b and 50b of the inclined base 50, respectively, and are bent in directions close to each other from the base end portions 51b and 51b. The front end portions 51a and 51a are fixed at positions equidistant t in the left-right direction around the center P ′ of the front end of the outlet 50d of the tilting table 50. The guide plates 51 and 51 have their lower edges 51c and 51c fixed to the plate surface 50a of the tilt table 50 by welding or the like without a gap. Thus, in order to fly the granular material (herbicide) sent from the hose 11a etc. in the direction of the rotary blade 13 in the hose support pipe 26, the inclined base 50 inclined in the direction of the rotary blade 13 is used. In addition, guide plates 51, 51 are provided on the tilt table 50 and guide the granular material sent to the tilt table 50 to the center of the tilt table 50 at the outlet 50 d of the tilt table 50. The inclined base 50 is inclined with respect to the bottom surface 26b of the hose support pipe 26 so that the separation distance from the one side edge side 50b to the outlet 50d side gradually increases. The rotating blades 13 are provided in the extending direction. And the said guide plates 51 and 51 are provided in the left-right pair in the plate surface 50a of the said inclination stand 50. As shown in FIG. 10 and 11, the tips of the hoses 11 a to 11 c actually enter the hose support pipe 26 slightly as shown by broken lines in the figure.

  The space | interval (2t) of the front-end | tip parts 51a and 51a of the said guide plates 51 and 51 is good also as a wider space | interval.

  Accordingly, the herbicide introduced into the hose support pipe 26 from the hoses 11a, 11b, and 11c is guided to the guide plates 51 and 51 existing on the left and right sides, so that a substantially central portion on the plate surface 50a of the inclined base 50 is obtained. Thus, it is thrown in the direction of the arrow K from the center range (range of widths t and t) toward the rotary blade 13. The guide plates 51, 51 are provided because the herbicide has a very small particle size, and therefore, if the guide plates 51, 51 are not present, the herbicide is supplied from the front end 50c of the inclined base 50 toward the rotary blade 13. This is because the herbicide is dispersed too much and the herbicide that does not come into contact with the rotary blades 13 comes out. When the guide plates 51, 51 are present, the herbicide introduced from the hoses 11a, 11b, 11c is placed on the center surface of the front end 50c (exit 50d) of the inclined table 50 on the plate surface 50a of the inclined table 50. The herbicide collected in the central part can be put into the rotary blade 13 at once, and the herbicide that is not put into the rotary blade 13 is eliminated as much as possible, and the herbicide is efficiently put into the rotary blade 13. There is a possible effect.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the curved guide plate 27 is fixed to the lower side of the side opening 21b. The curved guide plate 27 is provided with a curved guide plate 27a that is inclined most upward on the side where the drive motor M3 does not exist. A curved guide plate 27b provided upward at an intermediate angle is provided adjacent to the curved guide plate 27c, and a curved guide plate 27c inclined upward at the lowest angle is provided adjacent thereto. As described above, a plurality of guide plates 27a to 27c having a guide surface along the rotation direction H of the rotary blade 13 protrude from the lower side of the side opening 21b, and the guide plates 27a to 27c 27a'-27c 'is comprised so that the height may become a mutually different position. That is, the plurality of guide plates 27 include guide plates 27a or 27b for flying granular materials (herbicides) obliquely upward at a predetermined height, and guide plates for flying granular materials obliquely upward lower than the predetermined height. 27b or 27c.

  In addition, although the curved guide board 27 shows the example which provided three sheets from which an angle differs in this way, it is not limited to this, You may provide the two curved guide boards from which an angle differs.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the downward spraying portion 12 b, the lower end 11 d ′ of the hose 11 d is fixed to the lower surface portion 31 a of the U-shaped fixed angle 31 with a fixed pipe 32. Reference numeral 45 'denotes a guide plate for preventing the herbicide falling downward from the lower end 11d' from falling backward.

  Therefore, the herbicide induced by the hose falls from the lower end 11d 'of the hose 11d to the area e1 below (see FIG. 3). The downward spraying portion 12b 'has the same configuration, and fertilizer is sprayed in the range of the region e2 from the hose lower end 11e' downward. Note that the guide plate 45 ′ similarly prevents the rearward fall. Therefore, the fertilizer can be sprayed in the range (e1 + e2) of about 1 m between the front wheels 3a and 3a by the spraying part 12b and the spraying part 12b 'around the center line P.

  Next, the electrical configuration of the spraying device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This figure is an electrical block diagram for driving roller drive motors M1 and M2 for driving the feed roller of the spreader according to the present invention and drive motors M3 and M4 for the rotary blades of the side spreaders 12a and 12a ′. It is. A spray switch SW1 is connected to the battery 41 of the spreader wheel 2. The switch SW1 is connected to the switch SW1 via the overcurrent control circuit 42, the roller rotation switch SW2, the motor speed control circuit 43 for the feed roller 9, and the side spray unit 12a. , 12a ′ is connected to the motor speed control circuit 44. The motor speed control circuit 43 is provided with a speed changeover switch 43a for switching the rotation speed of the feed roller 9 to three stages of low speed, medium speed, and high speed for normal fertilizer application. 3kg herbicide terminal (first terminal for herbicide) 43a-1 and herbicide 1kg for herbicide 3kg, which is slower than the above low speed, more than the above 3kg herbicide terminal 43a-1 Further, a low-speed 1 kg herbicide terminal (second terminal for herbicide) 43 a-2 is provided. The herbicide for 3 kg is a herbicide with a herbicide spraying amount of 3 kg per 10 ares, and the herbicide for 1 kg is a herbicide with a herbicide spraying amount of 1 kg per 10 ares. The herbicide is small in diameter and light as described above. Furthermore, in order to spread 3 kg or 1 kg of herbicide evenly over a 10 areal area, the rotation speed of the feed roll 9 should be set higher than that of fertilizer. Slow down and spread evenly over a wide area.

  The motor speed control circuit 44 is provided with a speed changeover switch 44a for switching the rotation speed of the spraying portions 12a, 12a 'to three stages of low speed, medium speed, and high speed. When spraying the herbicide, a terminal 44a-1 that rotates at a higher speed (super high speed) than the high speed is provided. In this case, when connected to the ultra-high speed terminal 44a-1, the scattering distance of the herbicide is 5,5 m on one side (right or left), the center is 1 m, and the range is 12 m in total. , One side (right or left) 4.5m, center is 1m, total 10m range, when connected to medium speed terminal, one side (right or left) 3.5m, center is 1m, total 8m range Herbicide can be sprayed. In the case of herbicides, low speed is not used. The reason why the rotational speed of the rotary blades 13 is high is that the herbicide has a small particle size and is light, so that it cannot be scattered far away unless the rotational speed of the rotary blades 13 is further increased compared to the case of fertilizer.

  Roller drive motors M1 and M2 are connected to the motor speed control circuit 43 through a transistor Tr1, and rotary blade drive motors M3 and M4 are connected to the motor speed control circuit 44 through transistors Tr2 and Tr3, respectively. Has been. A load current detection circuit 48 of the motors M1 and M2 is provided between the drive motors M1 and M2 and the overcurrent control circuit 42, and a motor is provided between the drive motors M3 and M4 and the overcurrent control circuit 42. A load current detection circuit 49 of M3 and M4 is connected.

  Thus, by switching the speed changeover switches 43a and 44a, the voltage applied to the drive motors M1 to M4 via the transistors Tr1 or Tr2 and Tr3 is changed, and the rotation speed of the motors is changed. It is.

  Therefore, when the spraying switch SW1 is turned on, the rotating blade drive motors M3 and M4 for spraying rotate simultaneously at the speed set by the speed changeover switch 44a. When the roller rotation switch SW2 is turned on in this state, the drive motors M1 and M2 of the feed roller 9 are simultaneously rotated at the speed set by the speed changeover switch 43a. At this time, for example, in the case of 1 kg of herbicide, the roller speed change-over switch 43a is set to the terminal 43a-2 having the lowest number of rotations. And when the rotational speed of side spreading | diffusion part 12a, 12a 'is set to "super-high speed" (terminal 44a-1), for example, the flight distance of a herbicide is about 5.5m on one side, and 12m in total Herbicide can be sprayed at the left and right widths. On the other hand, for example, when 3 kg of herbicide is used, the roller speed changeover switch 43a is set to the terminal 43a-1 having the lowest rotation speed between the terminal 43a-2 having the lowest rotation speed and the low-speed terminal. And when the rotational speed of the side spraying parts 12a, 12a ′ is set to “high speed”, for example, the flying distance of the herbicide is about 4.5 m on one side, and the herbicide has a left-right width of 10 m as a whole. Can be sprayed. In this way, by changing the rotational speed of the feed roller 9 and changing the rotational speed of the rotary blade drive motor by using 1 kg herbicide and 3 kg herbicide, the spraying distance of the herbicide in the side spraying unit is changed. Can be made.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, the operation of the present invention will be described below.

  As shown in FIG. 15, a case will be described in which a sprayer 2 enters a farm (FIG. 15 is a wheat field) and sprays 1 kg of herbicide in a range of about 5.5 m on the left, about 5.5 m on the right, and about 1 m on the center. .

  The speed changeover switch 43a is connected to the terminal 43a-2 having the slowest rotation speed, and the speed changeover switch 44a is connected to the ultrahigh speed terminal 44a-1. Then, granular 1 kg of herbicide is put in each tank 8 of the spreader 1, the spray switch SW1 is turned on, and the motors M3 and M4 for driving the rotary blades 13 of the side sprayers 12a and 12a ′ are operated at super high speed. Rotating drive. Further, when the roller switch SW2 is turned on, the feed rollers 9 (drive motors M1, M2) of the spreaders 7a to 7d rotate at a low speed corresponding to the terminal 43a-2, and the herbicide in the tank 8 is moved downward. Each herbicide is guided to the lower spraying parts 12a, 12b, 12a ′, 12b ′ via the hoses 11a to 11g.

  The herbicide that falls through the hoses 11a, 11b, and 11c falls into the housing 21 from the inlet 21a of the side spraying portion 12a. Since the rotary blade 13 rotates in the arrow H direction at an extremely high speed in the casing 21, the herbicide is obliquely left upward (in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 12) from the opening 21 b of the casing 21 by the blade 24 of the rotary blade 13. ).

  As for the herbicide, the hose 11a and the like are first put into the hose support pipe 26 (see FIGS. 9 and 10), but the herbicide thrown from each hose is along the plate surface 50a of the inclined base 50. And fall down diagonally. At this time, the inclined base 50 has an angle θ2 in the upward direction (in the direction of the rotary blade 13) from the common plane of the bottom surface 26b of the hose support pipe 26 and the bottom surface 21c of the housing 21 around the one side edge 50b. Since the upward inclined surface is formed (in the direction of arrow K), the herbicide introduced from each hose is rotated at an angle of θ2 along the plate surface 50a of the inclined table 50. It is thrown in the direction of the blade 13. As a result, the herbicide that falls in the direction of the bottom surface 26b and the bottom surface 21c (in the direction of the arrow K ′) and reduces the herbicide that does not come into contact with the rotary blade 13 is reduced as much as possible. It can be configured to hit the blade 13.

  Furthermore, the herbicide thrown on the tilting table 50 is collected by the left and right guide plates 51, 51 at a substantially central portion near the outlet 50d of the tilting table 50. As described above, since the herbicide is light and has a small particle size, without the guide plates 51, 51, the herbicide is excessively dispersed when introduced into the rotary blade 13, and a sufficient amount of herbicide is applied to the rotary blade 13. It cannot touch. Therefore, the present invention collects the herbicide at the central portion near the outlet of the tilting table 50 by the pair of left and right guide plates 51, 51 on the tilting table 50, so that as much herbicide as possible can be transferred to the rotating blades. 13 is configured so as to be able to abut.

  Accordingly, the herbicide introduced into the side spreader 12a from the hoses 11a to 11c descends along the plate surface 50a of the inclined base 50, and the outlet 50d of the inclined base 50 by the left and right guide plates 51 and 51. They are collected in the central part in the vicinity, and fly in the direction of the arrow K from the central part and fly in the direction of the rotary blade 13. Then, it comes into contact with the rotary blade 13 and is blown in the direction of arrow C by the rotation of the rotary blade 13 (see FIG. 12).

  At this time, the herbicide that has come into contact with the rotary blade 13 from the outlet 50d of the tilting table 50 is blown in the direction of the curved guide plate 27 by the rotation of the rotary blade 13 in the direction of arrow H. And it is guide | induced to the said curved guide board 27, and is skipped in the arrow C direction (left diagonally upward direction). More specifically, the herbicide guided to the curved guide plate 27a having the highest tip portion 27a ′ is blown in the highest left oblique direction (arrow C1 direction) at the highest upward angle α1 from the horizontal (FIG. 9). Reference), as shown in FIG. Further, the herbicide guided to the curved guide plate 27b having the distal end portion 27b ′ at the intermediate position is blown in an obliquely leftward direction (in the direction of arrow C2) at an intermediate height at an intermediate upward angle α2 from the horizontal (FIG. 9). As shown in FIG. 15, it is skipped to an intermediate distance. Further, the herbicide guided to the curved guide plate 27c having the lowest tip 27c 'is blown in the lowest left oblique direction (arrow C3 direction) at the smallest upward angle α3 from the horizontal (see FIG. 9). As shown in Fig. 15, it is skipped to the nearest distance

  Furthermore, since the upright piece 29 and the enlarged opening 30 are provided on the upper side of the side opening 21b of the housing 21, the herbicide that has been blown obliquely upward to the left is diagonally left upward through the enlarged opening 30. (Refer to arrow C ″). Therefore, the herbicide that abuts on the upper side of the opening 21b and falls downward or scatters upward. Is prevented from falling down by the herbicide that scatters downward, so that the herbicide can be prevented from falling downward as a whole, so that the herbicide can be blown upward diagonally to the left. As shown in FIG. 15, the herbicide that has been thrown high up diagonally to the left is then dropped onto the field while drawing an arc (or parabola). Low In this case, of course (FIG. 17 (b)), even when growing and becoming taller (FIG. 17 (a)), the herbicide R is applied from above the wheat Q in the entire region E1 in the horizontal direction. It can be sprayed so as to fall down, thereby causing the herbicide to fall on the stems, leaves, etc. of the plant such as wheat by breaking the herbicide R in the horizontal direction, or damage of the plant such as wheat Can be prevented.

  In addition, the herbicide that is blown diagonally to the upper left from the opening 21b is in direct contact with the slat 24 and is blown relatively far away (region between a long distance and a middle distance) by the curved guide plate 27a. (Between arrow C1 and arrow C2 in FIG. 15), which is blown to an intermediate distance (region between the intermediate distance and short distance) by moving away from the blade during the rotation of the blade 24 (arrow in FIG. 15) C2 and the arrow C3), and further from the introduction port 21b to the blade plate 24, but quickly detaches from the blade plate 24 from a position near the introduction port 21b, and is temporarily moved upward along the curved guide plate 27, but at a short distance. Some fall (region between shorter distances from arrow C3 in FIG. 15) in the (region between the middle distance and short distance), and thus each herbicide that is blown to the middle position of each arrow is generated As a result, region E In all range may be sprayed with a long distance until evenly herbicides from close range.

  In the above description, the operation of the spraying unit 12a has been described, but the same operation can be performed in the side spraying unit 12a ′ only by the spraying direction being obliquely upward to the right (arrows C1 ′, C2 ′, FIG. 15). C3 ').

  Furthermore, in the downward spraying portions 12b and 12b ', the herbicide that has fallen through the hoses 11d and 11e can be dropped downward (in the direction of arrow D). In FIG. 3, a protrusion 45 ″ for dispersing the herbicide is provided on the guide plate 45 ′, and a wide flyer plate 45 is provided below the protrusion 45 ″. Disperse and spread over e2 (see arrow D in FIG. 3).

  Thus, as a result, the herbicide can be spread over a wide range in the range of about 12 m in the left-right direction, about 5.5 m on the left, about 5.5 m on the right, and about 1 m in the center (see FIG. 15).

  Therefore, the herbicide can be spread over a wide range by advancing the spreader 2 forward while continuing the above spraying.

  When the field is narrower, the rotational speed of the rotary blade drive motors M3 and M4 is switched to high speed or medium speed by switching the changeover switch 44a to high speed or medium speed, and the amount of herbicide supplied to the spraying unit is changed. The maximum reach can be reduced according to the size of the field, while maintaining an appropriate amount. In this case, the maximum reachable distance of the herbicide (distance to arrows C1 and C1 ′ in FIG. 15) decreases, but in the reduced region, as in the above embodiment, the herbicide falls from above, Moreover, it can be applied evenly.

  Further, by configuring the left-right frame 2b at the front portion of the spreader wheel 2 so that it can be moved up and down, the height of the spreaders 12a, 12a ', 12b, 12b' from the ground can be adjusted. Usually, it is preferable to set the height of the opening of the spraying portion so that it substantially matches the height of the upper end of the plant (see FIG. 15).

  On the other hand, in the spreader, for example, when the herbicide spraying is performed only on the left side and the lower side (see FIG. 16), the shutters S2 and shutters S of the right two spreaders 7c and 7d may be closed. Then, since the herbicide in the tank 8 is not dropped and supplied to the side spraying part 12a ′ in the spreaders 7c, 7d, only the left side and the lower side from the left side spraying part 12a and the lower spraying parts 12b, 12b ′. Herbicide can be sprayed. When only the right side and the lower side are sprayed, the shutters S and S1 of the left spreaders 7a and 7b may be closed in the same manner.

  The necessity of spraying the herbicide only on the left side or only on the right side is very high due to the scale and shape of the field, the surrounding buildings, the relationship with the adjacent fields, etc. One-side spraying as described above can be easily performed while realizing the spraying. In addition, even though the herbicide can be scattered over a long distance, no long rod-like equipment is used, so one-side spraying operation such as spraying one side of the spraying wheel close to the wall etc. is also easy Can be done.

  As described above, according to the present invention, even a granular material such as a light herbicide having a small particle size can be reliably supplied to the rotary blade 13 and can be reliably blown to the side.

  Further, the granular material scattered to a long distance by the rotating blades, the granular material scattered to the middle distance by separating from the rotating blades 13 in the middle, and the initial separating stage from the rotating blades 13 and flying to a short distance. Even if it is a granular material with small particle diameters, such as a herbicide, a granular material can be spread uniformly from a long distance to a short distance by this.

  Moreover, a lightweight granular material can be reliably supplied to the direction of the rotary blade 13 by the tilting table 50, and even a lightweight granular material having a small particle diameter can be reliably blown over a long distance by the rotary blade 13. it can.

Moreover, even if it is a lightweight and small granular material, since it can be guide | induced to the center part of the exit of the inclination base 50 by the guide plates 51 and 51, a granular material is made to contact | abut to the rotary blade 13 more reliably. The granular material can be skipped by the rotary blade without waste.

In addition, by rotating the rotary blades 13, the granular material can be scattered in the left-right direction obliquely upward, and thereby, the granular material such as the herbicide can be sprayed from the upper part of the plant in the field.

  Moreover, a granular material can be sprayed downward also in the downward spraying part of a center part, and granular materials, such as a fertilizer, can be sprayed in the left-right direction including a center part.

  Further, a larger amount of granular material can be supplied to the side spraying portions 12a and 12a 'having a large amount of spraying, and a relatively small amount of granular material can be supplied to the downward spraying portions 12b and 12b' having a relatively small amount of spraying. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately distribute and supply the particulate matter.

  Moreover, it can spread by dropping granular materials, such as a herbicide, from the upper direction of a plant over a wide range in a farm field with a spreader. Thereby, a granular material can be appropriately sprayed irrespective of the growth time of a plant, ie, the height of a plant. In addition, by inclining the side opening of the spraying device slightly downward, the granular material can be scattered at an appropriate angle to the upper left or upper right, so that the granular material draws an arc upward. It can be sprayed by scattering and dropping from above the plant.

  Moreover, the height of the side spraying unit and / or the lower spraying unit can be adjusted according to the height of the plant in the field, and the granular material can be sprayed from the optimum position.

  Further, the rotation of the rotary blade 13 allows the granular material to be scattered obliquely upward via the upper surface enlarged opening 30 and the side surface opening 21b, whereby the herbicide from the upper part of plants such as wheat and rice in the field. It can be sprayed by dropping the particulate matter such as, and the situation such as damaging the stems, leaves, etc. of the plant can be prevented by flying the particulate matter vigorously in the lateral direction.

In addition, since it is possible to disperse the granular material in the diagonally upward left direction and diagonally upward right direction, for example, by spraying granular material such as herbicide from the top of the plant over a wide range in the horizontal direction in the field. The herbicide can be sprayed appropriately without damaging the plant even at the time of short sprout and at the time of growing to some extent.

  Moreover, the scattering distance of a granular material can be adjusted by changing the rotational speed of drive motor M3, M4.

  Also, by adjusting the rotation speed of the roller drive motor according to the fertilizer scattering distance in the spraying section, the amount of herbicide supplied to the side spraying section is adjusted according to the spraying distance of the herbicide in the spraying section. be able to.

  Further, by inclining the side opening 21b of the spraying part 12a slightly downward, the granular material can be blown at an appropriate angle to the upper left or the upper right, so that the granular object draws an arc upward. It can be sprayed properly by dropping it from above and dropping it from above the plant.

  Also, by opening and closing the shutter, one side spraying only on the left or right side, or one side spraying on the left side and lower side, right side and lower side etc. can be easily realized, and fertilizer according to the arrangement, shape etc. of the field Can be easily realized.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the case where the spreading | spreading apparatus which concerns on this invention was attached to a riding management machine was shown, you may attach not only to a riding management machine but to the front part of a tractor other riding passenger vehicle.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which four spreaders are provided as one unit (example in FIG. 3) is shown. However, two spreaders 7a and 7d having spreaders 12a and 12a ′ are provided as one unit. 2 may be installed, or only one spreading machine 7a having the spreading unit 12a may be installed in the spreading car 2.

  2, 34 is a cover of the tank 8, 35 is a handle of the spreader 2, 36 is a seat of the driver 37, 38 is an engine storage portion, 39 is a body frame, and in FIG. 17, R is a granular material. Herbicide, S is a plant such as wheat, and G is a field.

  The spraying device or the spraying wheel according to the present invention can be used as a spraying device for herbicides to wheat and the like. Moreover, it can be widely used not only as a herbicide but also as a spraying device or a spraying vehicle for a light-weight granular material having a small particle size.

1 Spreading device 2 Spreading wheel 2b Horizontal frame (support frame)
2b 'Movable frame 5 Horizontal bar (horizontal support rod in the left-right direction)
8 Tank (particulate storage)
9 Feed rollers 9b, 9b 'Recesses 10a, 10b Lower hopper parts 11a-11h Hose 12a, 12a' Side spraying parts 12b, 12b 'Downward spraying part 13 Rotor blade 15a Mounting plate 21 Rotor blade housing (housing)
21b Side opening 26 Hose support tube 26b Bottom 31 U-shaped fixed angle 33 Mounting angle 50 Inclined base 50a Plate surface 50b One side edge 50d Exit 51 Guide plate

Claims (11)

A granular material storage unit, a delivery roller unit that sends out the granular material stored in the granular material storage unit, and a side spraying that sprays the granular material delivered by a hose from the delivery roller unit into the air obliquely above In the spraying device constructed by fixing the part to the machine frame,
A rotating blade is rotatably supported in the housing, and the side spraying portion is formed by forming a side opening for spraying particulate matter on the side surface of the rotating blade in the rotational direction of the housing,
The side spreading part has a support tube for guiding the granular material sent from the hose in the direction of the rotary blade,
An inclined base inclined in the direction of the rotary blade in order to fly the granular material sent from the hose in the direction of the rotary blade in the support tube;
A guide plate is provided on the tilt table and guides the granular material sent to the tilt table to the center of the tilt table at the exit of the tilt table,
And, on the lower side of the side opening, a plurality of guide plates having a guide surface along the rotation direction of the rotary blade is projected,
The said guide plate is a dispersion device comprised so that the height of each front-end | tip part may become a different position. The inclined table is inclined with respect to the bottom surface of the support tube so that the separation distance from the one side edge side to the outlet side gradually increases.
The spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating blades are provided in an extending direction of the tilt base.   The spraying device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the guide plates are provided in a pair of left and right on the plate surface of the tilt base.   2. The plurality of guide plates are constituted by a guide plate for flying granular materials obliquely upward at a predetermined height and a guide plate for flying granular materials obliquely upward lower than the predetermined height. The spraying apparatus in any one of -3. At least two of the above-mentioned spraying devices are juxtaposed on a horizontal support rod in the left-right direction, and are arranged symmetrically so that the side opening of each side spraying portion faces the left side and the right side,
The granular material is sprayed diagonally to the left and upward by the left side spraying part, and the granular material is sprayed by the right side spraying part and diagonally upward by the right side. The spraying apparatus in any one of 1-4.   6. A downward spraying section for spraying the granular material sent from the granular material storage section by the feed roller section downward is provided between the left and right side spraying sections. Spraying device. A plurality of concave portions along the axial direction are provided on the outer periphery of the feed roller of the feed roller portion in the circumferential direction,
The concave portion is divided into two right and left with the center of the delivery roller as a boundary, and the depth of the concave portion on one side is formed deeper than the depth of the concave portion on the other side,
The granular material supplied to the deep recess on the one side is supplied to the lateral spreading part by the hose, and the granular material supplied to the shallow concave groove on the other side is supplied to the hose on the downward spreading part. The spraying device according to claim 6, which is supplied by   The said granular material is a herbicide, The spraying apparatus in any one of Claims 1-7. A spreading vehicle comprising the spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The spraying device is arranged on the spraying vehicle such that the side opening of the side spraying unit is located on the right side or the left side with respect to the traveling direction of the spraying vehicle,
The spreader equipped with a spreader, wherein the side opening of the spreader is fixed to the spreader while being inclined downward from a horizontal position. A spreading vehicle comprising the spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The side opening of the side spraying unit of the spraying device is installed so as to be located on the right side and the left side with respect to the traveling direction of the spraying vehicle,
Each of the side surface openings of each of the spraying devices is fixed to the spraying vehicle while being inclined downward from a horizontal position.   The spreader according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the spreader is provided with a support frame, the spreader is supported by the support frame, and the support frame can be moved up and down. Scatter truck equipped.

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