JP2012127255A - Exhaust emission control device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine that can properly determine whether a filter is in a state of defective regeneration.SOLUTION: The exhaust emission control device includes: a filter (DPF) 22 that is disposed in an exhaust passage 17 of a diesel engine 10 and collects a particulate material (PM) in an exhaust emitted from the diesel engine 10; and an electric control device 41 that performs regenerative fuel injection after main injection fuel of the diesel engine 10 to perform DPF regeneration control for combusting and removing the PM accumulated in the DPF 22. The electric control device 41 measures a regeneration duration time of the DPF 22 through DPF regeneration control, estimates a combustion amount of the PM that is combusted and removed until the regeneration duration time passes based on an engine operating state and determines whether the DPF 22 is in a state of the defective regeneration based on the regeneration duration time and combustion amount.

Description

  The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine in which particulate matter contained in exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine is collected by a filter and the accumulated particulate matter is removed by combustion to regenerate the filter. Is.

  As an apparatus for purifying exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine mounted on a vehicle, a device that collects particulate matter (PM) contained in the exhaust gas by a filter in the middle of an exhaust passage is known. In this exhaust purification device, the pressure loss at the filter increases as the amount of collected PM increases, and the exhaust back pressure of the internal combustion engine accompanying this increases the engine output and the fuel consumption.

  Therefore, when the collected amount (deposition amount) of the PM collected by the filter reaches a predetermined value, the temperature of the filter is raised with at least one of the conditions that the parameter related to the temperature of the filter is higher than the threshold value. As a result, the PM is oxidized (burned) to regenerate the filter. In this filter regeneration control, for example, a small amount of fuel is secondarily injected (post injection) after main injection fuel injection (main injection), thereby increasing the temperature (exhaust temperature) of the oxidation catalyst on the exhaust upstream side of the filter. Let After that, post-injection for filter regeneration is executed, and the filter is regenerated by burning and removing PM accumulated on the filter. The post-injection is stopped when it is determined that the PM accumulated on the filter has been removed by combustion.

  Here, if the threshold value related to the execution condition of the filter regeneration control is set high, PM is burned and the filter is regenerated well, but the frequency of filter regeneration is reduced. On the contrary, if the threshold value is set low, the frequency of filter regeneration increases, but the temperature of the filter is not sufficiently high, and PM is not burned and removed while performing post injection, There is a risk of so-called filter regeneration failure. Thus, depending on how the threshold value is set, filter regeneration failure may occur.

  In addition, when post injection is performed, a part of the injected fuel flows down between the piston and the cylinder and flows into the oil pan to dilute the engine oil. Since it is difficult to remove, post injection continues for a long time, and dilution of engine oil proceeds. In addition, when the filter is poorly regenerated, the temperature of the internal combustion engine itself and the engine oil is low, the post-injected fuel is difficult to volatilize, and the fuel that adheres to the cylinder wall surface and is scraped off by the piston and flows down to the oil pan increases. For this reason, dilution of engine oil further proceeds. As the oil dilution progresses, the oil film may run out at each sliding portion of the internal combustion engine or the oil level of the engine oil may increase.

  Therefore, the driver is notified that such a regeneration failure has occurred, and further, the DPF lamp is turned on or blinked in order to prompt the driver to perform an operation for eliminating the regeneration failure. It is. As said operation, driving | operation operation for driving | running | working a vehicle suitable for regeneration of a filter is mentioned, for example. When the driver performs this operation, the temperature of the filter rises, PM is burned and removed, and the filter is properly regenerated. The former is called “manual regeneration control” and the latter is called “automatic regeneration control” in order to distinguish between filter regeneration control performed by the driver's operation and other regeneration control.

  As a technique for performing the automatic regeneration control and the manual regeneration control as described above, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1. In Patent Document 1, whether to perform automatic regeneration control or manual regeneration control is determined based on the number of filter regenerations with respect to the travel distance of the vehicle. That is, it is determined that automatic regeneration control should be performed when the number of regenerations is smaller than a threshold value, and manual regeneration control should be performed when the number of regenerations is equal to or greater than the threshold value. When it is determined that manual regeneration control should be performed, the DPF lamp blinks to urge the driver to stop traveling of the vehicle and turn on the manual regeneration switch. By making such a determination, in Patent Document 1, the frequency of manual regeneration by operating the manual regeneration switch is reduced to improve the operability of the driver.

JP 2005-299438 A

  However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is performed for the purpose of eliminating the troublesome manual regeneration caused by the blinking of the DPF lamp. From this point of view, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-228867, when a regeneration failure occurs, it is determined that the regeneration failure is not immediately performed and the DPF lamp blinks. It is thought that For this reason, it is difficult to make an appropriate determination such that a reproduction failure is not determined when a reproduction failure does not occur, and a reproduction failure is immediately determined when a reproduction failure occurs.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine that can appropriately determine whether or not a filter is defective in regeneration. .

In the following, means for achieving the above object and its effects are described.
The invention according to claim 1 is arranged in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, and a filter that collects particulate matter in the exhaust discharged from the internal combustion engine, and a regenerative fuel injection after the main injection fuel injection of the internal combustion engine Filter regeneration control means for performing filter regeneration control for burning and removing particulate matter deposited on the filter, and measuring the regeneration regeneration time of the filter by the filter regeneration control means, and the regeneration duration time has elapsed. The amount of particulate matter burned and removed by the filter regeneration control is estimated based on the engine operating state until the filter regeneration control is performed, and it is determined whether the filter is poorly regenerated based on the regeneration duration time and the combustion amount. The gist of the present invention is to provide a determination means.

  Here, the regeneration continuation time is an integrated value of the time during which the filter regeneration control is performed until the particulate matter deposited on the filter is removed by combustion and reduced to a predetermined amount, and the filter regeneration control is temporarily stopped. In such a case, the stop time is not included in the playback duration.

  According to said structure, the particulate matter in exhaust_gas | exhaustion discharged | emitted from an internal combustion engine is collected by the filter arrange | positioned at the exhaust passage. On the other hand, the filter on which the collected particulate matter is deposited can be regenerated by the filter regeneration control of the filter regeneration control means. In this filter regeneration control, regeneration fuel injection is performed after main injection fuel injection of the internal combustion engine. The temperature of the filter rises due to the fuel injected with the regenerated fuel, and the particulate matter deposited on the filter is burned and removed.

  Here, if the internal combustion engine is in an operation state suitable for the combustion removal of particulate matter and the filter regeneration failure has not occurred, the particulate matter deposited on the filter that is removed by combustion is the regeneration duration time. Should increase as the length increases. If the amount of particulate matter burned and removed does not increase for the regeneration duration, the internal combustion engine is not in an operating state suitable for burning and removing particulate matter, and the particulate matter is not sufficiently burned, It is considered that a so-called filter regeneration failure has occurred.

  Thus, there is a correlation between the filter regeneration duration, the amount of particulate matter burned and removed by the filter regeneration control before the regeneration duration, and the presence or absence of filter regeneration failure. It is done.

  Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in the determination means, based on the measured regeneration duration and the amount of combustion of the particulate matter that is burned and removed until the regeneration duration elapses, Appropriate determination can be made such that a reproduction failure is not determined when a reproduction failure has not occurred, and a reproduction failure is immediately determined when a reproduction failure has occurred.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the determination means determines a minimum value of an allowable range for the amount of the particulate matter to be burned and removed before the regeneration duration time elapses. The gist is that a regeneration failure determination threshold value is used to determine whether or not the filter has a regeneration failure based on the regeneration failure determination threshold value and the estimated combustion amount of the particulate matter.

  Here, if the internal combustion engine is in an operating state suitable for the combustion removal of particulate matter and the filter regeneration failure has not occurred, the amount of particulate matter that is removed by combustion until the regeneration duration time elapses. The minimum value of the allowable range should increase as the playback duration increases.

  If the combustion amount of the particulate matter that is burned and removed before the regeneration duration time has not reached the minimum value in the above allowable range, the internal combustion engine is not in an operating state suitable for removing the particulate matter and the temperature of the filter Is not sufficiently increased, and the particulate matter is not sufficiently combusted (filter regeneration failure).

  Thus, the minimum allowable range for the amount of particulate matter that is burned and removed before the regeneration duration time elapses, and the particulate matter that is burned and removed by the filter regeneration control until the regeneration duration time elapses. There is a correlation between the amount of combustion of the substance and the presence or absence of filter regeneration failure.

  In this regard, in the invention according to claim 2, the minimum value of the allowable range for the amount of particulate matter that is burned and removed before the regeneration continuation time elapses when the determination is made as to whether or not the filter is defective. Is the reproduction failure determination threshold value. Based on this regeneration failure determination threshold value and the amount of combustion of particulate matter burned and removed by filter regeneration control until the regeneration duration time elapses, the presence or absence of filter regeneration failure is determined. Therefore, it is possible to more accurately determine the presence or absence of filter regeneration failure, and the effect of the invention of claim 1 can be obtained more reliably.

  Note that the determination by the determination means in the invention described in claim 2 is, for example, according to the invention described in claim 3, wherein the value obtained from the regeneration duration and the combustion amount of the particulate matter is the regeneration. If it is smaller than the defect determination threshold, it may be determined that the reproduction is defective.

  The contents of this determination are the minimum value of the allowable range for the amount of particulate matter burned and removed before the regeneration continuation time elapses, and the combustion removal by the filter regeneration control until the regeneration continuation time elapses. This is in line with the above-described correlation between the amount of particulate matter burned and the presence or absence of filter regeneration failure. Therefore, when the determination of the above contents is performed by the determination means, the effect of the invention according to claim 2 can be suitably obtained.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, a parameter relating to a temperature of the filter when the determination unit determines that the filter is defective in regeneration. The gist of the present invention is to further include notifying means for urging the driver to perform an operation for raising the vehicle.

  According to the above configuration, when the determination unit determines that the filter is defective in regeneration, the notification unit prompts the driver to increase the parameter related to the filter temperature. Therefore, the driver is aware that a filter regeneration failure has occurred and that an operation for increasing a parameter related to the temperature of the filter should be performed. Thereafter, when the above operation is performed by the driver and the internal combustion engine is in an operation state suitable for the combustion removal of the particulate matter, the filter regeneration control is continuously performed, whereby the regeneration failure can be solved.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 4, wherein the filter regeneration control means performs the filter regeneration control on the condition that a parameter related to the temperature of the filter is higher than a threshold value. The gist is to change the threshold value to a high value when the notification means is activated.

According to the above configuration, when the notification unit is operated, the threshold value used when the filter regeneration control unit determines whether or not the filter regeneration control can be executed is changed to a high value.
Therefore, according to the operation of the notification means, the driver performs an operation for increasing the parameter related to the temperature of the filter, and the internal combustion engine is in an operation state suitable for the combustion removal of the particulate matter, Only when the parameter related to the temperature of the filter becomes higher than the changed threshold value, the filter regeneration control is continuously performed. By this filter regeneration control, the temperature of the filter rises, particulate matter is burned and removed, and defective regeneration of the filter is resolved.

  On the other hand, even if the notification means is activated, the above operation by the driver is not performed, and the internal combustion engine is not in an operation state suitable for the combustion removal of the particulate matter, and the parameter relating to the temperature of the filter is changed. If it is not higher than the later threshold value, the filter regeneration control is not performed.

  Here, when the regenerated fuel injection is performed after the main injection fuel injection of the internal combustion engine, a part of the injected fuel is mixed with the engine oil to dilute the engine oil. Since the particulate matter is difficult to be removed by combustion, the regenerated fuel injection is continued for a long period of time, and the dilution of the engine oil proceeds. In addition, when the filter is poorly regenerated, the temperature of the internal combustion engine itself and the engine oil is low, and the fuel injected by the regenerated fuel is difficult to volatilize, and the fuel that adheres to the cylinder wall surface and is scraped off by the piston and flows down to the oil pan. Therefore, the dilution of engine oil further proceeds.

  However, in the fifth aspect of the invention, as described above, when the internal combustion engine is not in an operation state suitable for the combustion removal of the particulate matter even when the notification means is operated, the filter regeneration control (regenerated fuel) (Injection) is not performed, so that oil dilution due to mixing of fuel into engine oil is suppressed. Thus, both regeneration of the filter and suppression of engine oil dilution can be achieved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically showing a diesel engine that is an application target of an embodiment of an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a map structure of a map used for determining the PM generation amount pme. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a map structure of a map used for determining the PM combustion amount pmc. The flowchart which shows the procedure which controls lighting of a DPF lamp. The characteristic view which shows the relationship between regeneration continuation time, PM combustion amount, and a regeneration failure determination threshold value. The flowchart which shows the procedure which determines the transferability to DPF regeneration control.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle is equipped with an internal combustion engine as a drive source. Here, a diesel engine 10 is employed as the internal combustion engine.

  The diesel engine 10 is provided with a fuel injection valve 12 that injects fuel into a combustion chamber 11 for each cylinder. Each fuel injection valve 12 reaches the supply pump 14 from the fuel tank 13 and injects the fuel pressurized through the supply pump 14 and accumulated in the common rail 15 into the combustion chamber 11. In the combustion chamber 11, an air-fuel mixture composed of intake air introduced through the intake passage 16 and fuel injected from the fuel injection valve 12 is combusted, and exhaust gas after combustion of the air-fuel mixture is discharged into the exhaust passage. 17 is discharged. Then, the linear reciprocating motion of the piston 18 accompanying the combustion of the air-fuel mixture is converted into the rotational motion of the crankshaft 19 via a connecting rod (not shown), whereby power as the engine 10 is obtained.

  On the other hand, the diesel engine 10 is provided with an exhaust purification device for purifying the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 17. The exhaust purification device includes an oxidation catalytic converter (hereinafter referred to as “CCO”) 21 disposed in the middle of the exhaust passage 17 and a diesel particulate filter (hereinafter referred to as “DPF”) disposed downstream of the CCO 21 in the exhaust passage 17. And 22). The CCO 21 is a catalyst that promotes the oxidation reaction of unburned fuel in the exhaust gas, and is used to raise the exhaust gas temperature. The DPF 22 is formed of a porous material and collects particulate matter (hereinafter referred to as “PM”) mainly composed of soot.

  A DPF lamp 23 is provided in the vehicle compartment as a notification means for notifying the occurrence of a defective regeneration of the DPF 22 (which will be described later). The DPF lamp 23 is turned off when the DPF 22 is properly regenerated, and is turned on when a regeneration failure occurs.

The vehicle is provided with various sensors for detecting the operating state of the diesel engine 10 and the vehicle traveling state. Various sensors include the following.
An air flow meter 31 that detects a flow rate of air in the intake passage 16 as an intake air amount Ga.

A rotational speed sensor 32 that detects the rotational speed of the crankshaft 19 as the engine rotational speed NE.
An A / F sensor 33 that is disposed upstream of the CCO 21 in the exhaust passage 17 and detects the air-fuel ratio (A / F) of the exhaust.

A first exhaust temperature sensor 34 that is disposed upstream of the CCO 21 in the exhaust passage 17 and detects the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the CCO 21 as the pre-CCO exhaust temperature.
A second exhaust temperature sensor 35 that is disposed between the CCO 21 and the DPF 22 in the exhaust passage 17 and detects the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the DPF 22 as the pre-DFF exhaust temperature Theg.

A differential pressure sensor 36 that detects the difference between the upstream pressure and the downstream pressure of the DPF 22 (the differential pressure ΔP before and after the DPF 22) in the exhaust passage 17.
A vehicle speed sensor 37 that detects the traveling speed of the vehicle.

  Output signals from the various sensors 31 to 37 are input to the electronic control device 41. The electronic control unit 41 includes an arithmetic processing unit (CPU), a program memory (ROM), a data memory (RAM), a backup RAM, and the like. The ROM stores various control programs, maps that are referred to when the various control programs are executed, and the like. The CPU executes arithmetic processing based on various control programs and maps stored in the ROM. The RAM is a memory that temporarily stores calculation results in the CPU, data input from the sensors 31 to 37, and the like. The backup RAM is a non-volatile memory that stores data to be saved when the diesel engine 10 is stopped.

  The electronic control device 41 obtains various state quantities related to the operation of the diesel engine 10 based on the output signals of the various sensors 31 to 37. Then, the fuel injection valve 12, the supply pump 14, the DPF lamp 23, etc. are driven based on the obtained state quantities to control the fuel injection quantity into the combustion chamber 11, and the DPF 22. DPF regeneration control as filter regeneration control for maintaining the purification function, lighting control of the DPF lamp 23, and the like are executed.

  In the DPF regeneration control, when the PM collected and accumulated by the DPF 22 increases with the operation time of the diesel engine 10, the exhaust flow resistance increases, the back pressure increases, and the engine output decreases. This control is performed to regenerate the DPF 22 by removing it by oxidation. The DPF regeneration control by the electronic control device 41 corresponds to “filter regeneration control means” in the claims.

In this DPF regeneration control, the amount of PM deposited on the DPF 22 (PM deposition amount) during the operation of the diesel engine 10 is estimated.
The PM accumulation amount estimation processing includes (I) based on the engine operating state and (II) based on the differential pressure ΔP.

(I) PM deposition amount estimation process based on engine operating state In this estimation process, the PM generation amount pme and the PM combustion amount pmc are used to calculate the estimated PM deposition amount PMs.

  Here, the PM generation amount pme is the amount of PM discharged from all the combustion chambers 11 of the diesel engine 10 per unit time (for example, during one control cycle of the estimation process). The PM generation amount pme is calculated based on the engine rotation speed NE detected by the rotation speed sensor 32 and the fuel injection amount Qv (command value). For this calculation, for example, the map of FIG. 2 is referred to. This map is a map of values obtained by experiment, calculation, etc. for the PM generation amount pme using the engine speed NE and the fuel injection amount Qv as parameters, and is stored in the ROM of the electronic control unit 41. . In the map of FIG. 2, when the engine speed NE and the fuel injection amount Qv become values between points on the map, the PM generation amount pme is calculated by interpolation processing.

  On the other hand, the PM combustion amount pmc is an amount by which PM accumulated in the DPF 22 is oxidized and burned per unit time (for example, during one control cycle of the estimation process). The PM combustion amount pmc is calculated based on the pre-DPF exhaust temperature Theg (corresponding to the temperature of the DPF 22) detected by the second exhaust temperature sensor 35 and the intake air amount Ga detected by the air flow meter 31. For this calculation, for example, the map of FIG. 3 is referred to. This map is a map of values obtained by experiment, calculation, etc. of the PM combustion amount pmc using the DPF pre-exhaust temperature Theg and the intake air amount Ga as parameters, and is stored in the ROM of the electronic control unit 41. Yes. In the map of FIG. 3, when the pre-DFF exhaust temperature Theg and the intake air amount Ga are values between points on the map, the PM combustion amount pmc is calculated by interpolation processing.

Then, the PM generation amount pme and the PM combustion amount pmc are used, and the estimated PM accumulation amount PMs is sequentially calculated (integrated) according to the following equation (1).
PMs ← PMs (previous value) + pme−pmc (1)
Note that PMs (previous value) at the start of filter regeneration is a value corresponding to the regeneration start determination value.

(II) PM deposition amount estimation process based on differential pressure ΔP In the exhaust purification device, as PM deposition progresses on the DPF 22, the deposited PM hinders the flow of exhaust, and the flow resistance of exhaust increases. To do. Accordingly, the differential pressure ΔP between the upstream exhaust pressure and the downstream exhaust pressure of the DPF 22 disposed in the exhaust passage 17 increases. The differential pressure ΔP before and after the DPF 22 becomes smaller as the PM removal accumulated in the DPF 22 progresses and the amount of PM deposited in the DPF 22 decreases. Thus, since a correlation is found between the differential pressure ΔP before and after the DPF 22 and the PM deposition amount accumulated in the DPF 22, it is possible to estimate the PM deposition amount of the DPF 22 from the differential pressure ΔP.

  Focusing on this point, referring to a map (not shown) based on the differential pressure ΔP detected by the differential pressure sensor 36, the PM accumulation amount (estimated PM accumulation amount PMd) collected in the DPF 22 is estimated. . This map is a map of values adapted by experiments and calculations in consideration of the correlation between the differential pressure ΔP before and after the DPF 22 and the PM accumulation amount, and is stored in the ROM of the electronic control unit 41. Has been.

  Then, one of the estimated PM accumulation amounts PMs and PMd estimated in the two estimation processes (I) and (II) reaches the regeneration start determination value (a value corresponding to the limit accumulation amount). When a predetermined regeneration execution condition including that the parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22 is higher than the threshold value is satisfied, the DPF regeneration control is started. Parameters relating to the temperature of the DPF 22 include the pre-CCO exhaust temperature (the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the CCO 21), the pre-DPF exhaust temperature Theg (the exhaust gas temperature flowing into the DPF 22), the vehicle speed, and the like. The vehicle speed is not a parameter directly related to the temperature of the DPF 22. However, when the vehicle travels at a low load or travels at a low speed, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the diesel engine 10 is low, and the temperature of the DPF 22 does not easily increase. That is, there is a correlation between the vehicle speed and the temperature of the DPF 22. Therefore, the vehicle speed is also a parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22.

As described above, the two types of estimation processes are performed in order to estimate the PM accumulation amount in order to increase the reliability of the regeneration start determination of the DPF 22.
When the DPF regeneration control is started, after performing main injection fuel injection (main injection), which is fuel injection for engine operation (fuel injection from the fuel injection valve 12 to the combustion chamber 11), Perform injection (post-injection). The fuel injected from the fuel injection valve 12 by this CCO temperature rising fuel injection is sent to the exhaust passage 17 and reaches the CCO 21. When the fuel component reaches the CCO 21, components such as HC and CO are oxidized in the exhaust gas or on the catalyst. Due to the heat generated by this oxidation, the temperature of the CCO 21 (exhaust temperature) rises, and the temperature of the DPF 22 rises due to this temperature rise. And after performing such CCO temperature rising fuel injection, by executing DPF regeneration fuel injection (post injection) as regeneration fuel injection at a predetermined timing, PM deposited on the DPF 22 is burned and removed, and the DPF 22 The amount of accumulated PM decreases and the DPF 22 is regenerated.

The DPF regeneration control is stopped when the estimated PM accumulation amount PMs based on the engine operating state decreases to the regeneration completion determination value.
Here, if the threshold value related to the execution condition of the DPF regeneration control is set high, post injection is performed when the temperature of the DPF 22 becomes high, so that PM is easily burned and the regeneration of the DPF 22 is performed well. . On the other hand, in a situation where the temperature of the DPF 22 is difficult to increase, such as when the vehicle is running at a low load or at a low speed, post-injection is not performed, and the frequency of regeneration of the DPF 22 is reduced accordingly, and the amount of accumulated PM increases.

  On the contrary, if the threshold value is set low, post-injection is performed even when the temperature of the DPF 22 is difficult to increase, such as when the vehicle is traveling at a low load or at low speeds, and the frequency of regeneration of the DPF 22 increases. . On the other hand, the temperature of the DPF 22 is not sufficiently high, and there is a possibility that a phenomenon in which PM is not burned and removed while performing post injection, that is, a so-called DPF 22 regeneration failure occurs. As described above, depending on how the threshold value is set, a regeneration failure of the DPF 22 may be caused.

In the present embodiment, priority is given to ensuring the regeneration frequency of the DPF 22, and a low value is set as the threshold value.
When the post injection is performed, a part of the injected fuel flows between the piston 18 and the cylinder 20 and flows down to the oil pan to dilute the engine oil. When the regeneration failure of the DPF 22 occurs, post-injection is continued for a long time because PM is difficult to be removed by combustion, and dilution of the engine oil proceeds. Also, when the regeneration of the DPF 22 is poor, the temperature of the diesel engine 10 itself and the engine oil is low, and the post-injected fuel is difficult to volatilize. Further, the amount of fuel that adheres to the wall surface of the cylinder 20 and is scraped off by the piston 18 and flows down to the oil pan increases. For these reasons, further dilution of engine oil proceeds. As the oil dilution progresses, the oil film may run out at each sliding portion of the diesel engine 10 or the oil level of the engine oil may increase.

  Therefore, the DPF lamp 23 is turned on to notify the driver that such a regeneration failure has occurred, and to prompt the driver to perform an operation for eliminating the regeneration failure. As said operation, driving | operation operation for driving | running | working a vehicle suitable for reproduction | regeneration of DPF22 is mentioned, for example. For example, when five shift stages are set in the transmission as the shift position, for example, the third speed (3rd) is selected and the accelerator operation is performed so that the vehicle speed is 60 km / h or higher. It is. When the driver performs this operation, the engine load increases, the exhaust gas temperature and thus the temperature of the DPF 22 rises, PM is burned and removed, and the DPF 22 is properly regenerated.

  As the DPF regeneration control is performed, the electronic control device 41 measures the duration of the regeneration control (regeneration duration) using a timer counter. Here, the regeneration continuation time is an integrated value of the time during which the DPF regeneration control is performed before PM accumulated in the DPF 22 is removed by combustion. When the filter regeneration control is temporarily stopped, the stop time is the regeneration. Not included in duration.

  Further, when the electronic control unit 41 is measuring the regeneration continuation time, the PM combustion amount pmc calculated based on the engine operating state (engine rotational speed NE and fuel injection amount Qv) as described above is kept constant. The process of integrating every time is performed. By performing this process, the electronic control unit 41 estimates the amount of PM burned and removed by the DPF regeneration control before the regeneration duration time elapses.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.
The flowchart of FIG. 4 shows a “DPF lamp lighting control routine” for performing control for lighting the DPF lamp 23 among the processes executed by the electronic control unit 41. This routine is repeatedly executed with a predetermined calculation cycle (for example, every elapse of a predetermined time) during operation of the diesel engine 10.

  When this routine is started, the electronic control unit 41 first reads in step 100 the PM accumulation amount at that time, and determines whether this is larger than the DPF lighting threshold value α. As the PM accumulation amount, an amount estimated according to the estimation process described above is used. The DPF lighting threshold α is set to a value larger than the regeneration start determination value (limit accumulation amount) among the regeneration execution conditions described above. If the PM is properly burned by the DPF regeneration control and the DPF 22 is regenerated, the PM accumulation amount may slightly exceed the regeneration start determination value (limit accumulation amount), but may exceed the DPF lighting threshold α. Hateful. On the contrary, if the PM accumulation amount exceeds the DPF lighting threshold value α in spite of performing the DPF regeneration control, it is considered that the regeneration of the DPF 22 is not properly performed.

  From this point of view, if the determination condition of step 100 is satisfied, there is a high possibility that a regeneration failure of the DPF 22 has occurred. Therefore, in step 110, the DPF lamp 23 is turned on, and then this DPF lamp lighting control is performed. Exit the routine. The lighting of the DPF lamp 23 in step 110 prompts the driver to perform an operation for increasing a parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22. Therefore, the driver is aware that the regeneration failure of the DPF 22 has occurred and that an operation for increasing a parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22 should be performed. Thereafter, when the above-described operation is performed by the driver and the diesel engine 10 is in an operation state suitable for PM combustion removal, the DPF regeneration control is continued, whereby the regeneration failure can be resolved.

  On the other hand, if the determination condition of step 100 is not satisfied, the routine proceeds to step 120. In step 120, it is determined whether or not the number of on / off operations (the number of times the diesel engine 10 is operated / stopped) of the ignition key (indicated as IG in FIG. 4) performed during the DPF regeneration control is greater than the threshold value β. To do.

  If the number of ignition key on / off operations during the DPF regeneration control is small, it is considered that the effect on the combustion removal of the PM is small, and the DPF regeneration control is appropriately performed. On the other hand, if the ignition key is turned on and off many times during the DPF regeneration control, the exhaust temperature and thus the temperature of the DPF 22 will not rise so much, and even if post injection is performed, PM will not be burned sufficiently, and the DPF 22 It is considered that it is difficult to reproduce properly.

  From this point of view, even if the PM accumulation amount is less than or equal to the DPF lighting threshold α (step 100: NO), if the determination condition of step 120 is satisfied, the temperature of the DPF 22 is low and PM regeneration failure occurs. Since there is a high possibility, the process proceeds to step 110 described above. On the other hand, if the determination condition of step 120 is not satisfied, the process proceeds to the next step 130.

  Here, if the diesel engine 10 is in an operation state suitable for PM combustion removal and no regeneration failure of the DPF 22 has occurred, the amount of PM accumulated in the DPF 22 that is removed by combustion (PM combustion amount) is: As shown by the solid line in FIG. 5, the playback duration increases as the playback duration increases. Along with this, the minimum value of the allowable range for the amount of PM burned and removed before the regeneration duration time elapses should increase as the regeneration duration time becomes longer.

  If the amount of PM removed by combustion does not increase relative to the regeneration duration, that is, if the amount of PM removed by combustion before the regeneration duration elapses does not reach the minimum value in the above allowable range, diesel The engine 10 is not in an operating state suitable for PM combustion removal. For this reason, it is considered that the temperature of the DPF 22 does not rise sufficiently and the PM is not sufficiently burned, that is, the so-called DPF 22 regeneration failure occurs.

  Thus, there is a correlation between the regeneration continuation time of the DPF 22, the PM combustion amount burned and removed by the DPF regeneration control by the lapse of the regeneration continuation time, and the presence or absence of the regeneration failure of the DPF 22. Accordingly, the minimum value of the allowable range for the amount of PM burned and removed before the regeneration duration time elapses, and the PM combustion amount burned and removed by the filter regeneration control until the regeneration duration time elapses. There is a correlation between the presence or absence of regeneration failure of the DPF 22.

  From this point of view, in step 130, the integrated value of the PM combustion amount described above, that is, the PM combustion amount burned and removed by the DPF regeneration control until the regeneration duration time elapses, is determined as the regeneration duration time and the PM combustion amount. It is determined whether or not this value is smaller than the reproduction failure determination threshold value γ. Here, as the regeneration failure determination threshold γ, the minimum value of the allowable range for the amount of PM burned and removed before the above-described regeneration duration time elapses is used. In the present embodiment, the reproduction failure determination threshold value γ for each reproduction continuation time is obtained and set by experiment, calculation, or the like. In this setting, it is also considered that the dilution of the engine oil by the post-injected fuel is within a permissible range. The reproduction failure determination threshold γ takes a small value when the reproduction duration time is short, and gradually increases as the reproduction duration time becomes long. In step 130, the regeneration failure determination threshold value γ, which is measured by the timer counter and corresponding to the regeneration duration at that time, is used as the regeneration failure determination threshold value γ for comparison with the PM combustion amount.

  When the determination condition of step 130 is satisfied, the PM accumulation amount is equal to or less than the DPF lighting threshold value α (step 100: NO), and the number of ignition key on / off operations is equal to or less than the threshold value β (step 120: NO). However, since the regeneration failure of the DPF 22 has occurred and the dilution of the engine oil with the post-injected fuel is proceeding, the routine proceeds to step 110.

  On the other hand, if the determination condition of step 130 is not satisfied, it is assumed that the diesel engine 10 is in an operating state suitable for PM combustion removal and that there is a low possibility that a regeneration failure has occurred in the DPF 22. The DPF lamp lighting control routine of FIG. 4 is terminated without performing the process. In this case, the DPF lamp 23 is kept off.

In the “DPF lamp lighting control routine” of FIG. 4, the processing of step 130 by the electronic control device 41 corresponds to the determination means in the claims.
Next, the flowchart of FIG. 6 shows a routine for determining whether or not to shift to DPF regeneration control when the DPF lamp 23 is turned on among the processes executed by the electronic control unit 41. This routine is repeatedly executed with a predetermined calculation cycle (for example, every elapse of a predetermined time) during operation of the diesel engine 10.

  When this routine is started, the electronic control unit 41 first determines in step 200 whether or not the DPF lamp 23 is lit. If this determination condition is not satisfied (the DPF lamp 23 is extinguished), the possibility of a regeneration failure of the DPF 22 is low. Therefore, in step 240, it is permitted to shift to DPF regeneration control. If the predetermined regeneration execution condition including that the parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22 is higher than the threshold is satisfied by this permission, the DPF regeneration control is continued. Then, after the processing of step 240, the routine for determining whether to shift to DPF regeneration control in FIG. 6 is terminated.

  On the other hand, if the determination condition of step 200 is satisfied (DPF lamp 23 is lit), in subsequent steps 210 to 230, it is determined whether or not the parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22 is higher than the regeneration prohibition thresholds A to C. To do.

  Specifically, in step 210, it is determined whether or not the pre-CCO exhaust temperature by the first exhaust temperature sensor 34 is higher than the regeneration prohibition threshold A. In step 220, it is determined whether the pre-DPF exhaust temperature Theg by the second exhaust temperature sensor 35 is higher than the regeneration prohibition threshold B. In step 230, it is determined whether or not the vehicle speed by the vehicle speed sensor 37 is higher than the regeneration prohibition threshold C.

  Each regeneration prohibiting threshold A to C is set to a value higher than a threshold used when determining whether or not to start DPF regeneration control in normal time, that is, when the DPF 22 is turned off. That is, the DPF regeneration control is performed under at least one of the conditions that the parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22 is higher than the threshold value, but it is determined that the DPF 22 is in a regeneration failure and the DPF lamp 23 is turned on. In this case, the threshold value is changed to a high value (reproduction prohibition thresholds A to C). The DPF regeneration control is performed with at least one of the conditions that the parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22 is higher than the changed threshold value (regeneration prohibition threshold value A to C).

  Then, the process proceeds to step 240 described above only when all the determination conditions of steps 210 to 230 are satisfied. That is, when it is determined that the DPF 22 is defective in regeneration and the DPF lamp 23 is turned on (step 200: YES), an operation for increasing parameters related to the temperature of the DPF 22 is subsequently performed by the driver. There are cases where it is performed and cases where it is not performed. The DPF regeneration control is performed only when the same operation is performed and the diesel engine 10 is in an operation state suitable for PM combustion removal and the parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22 becomes higher than the changed threshold value. Continued. By this filter regeneration control, the temperature of the DPF 22 rises, PM is burned and removed, and the regeneration failure of the DPF 22 is resolved.

  On the other hand, if at least one of the determination conditions in steps 210 to 230 is not satisfied, in step 250, it is prohibited to shift to DPF regeneration control. By prohibiting this transition, DPF regeneration control is not performed. That is, after it is determined that the DPF 22 is not regenerated and the DPF lamp 23 is turned on, the above operation by the driver is not performed, and the diesel engine 10 is not in an operating state suitable for PM combustion removal. DPF regeneration control is not performed.

Then, after the processing of step 250, the routine for determining whether to shift to DPF regeneration control in FIG. 6 is terminated.
Here, as described above, when regeneration failure of the DPF 22 occurs, PM is difficult to be removed by combustion, so DPF regeneration fuel injection (post injection) is continued for a long period of time, and dilution of the engine oil proceeds. Further, when the regeneration of the DPF 22 is poor, the fuel injected with DPF regeneration fuel (post-injection) is less likely to volatilize, and the fuel that adheres to the wall surface of the cylinder 20 and is scraped off by the piston 18 and flows down to the oil pan increases. Therefore, the dilution of engine oil proceeds further.

  However, in the present embodiment, as described above, after the DPF 22 is determined to be defective in regeneration and the DPF lamp 23 is turned on, when the diesel engine 10 does not enter an operation state suitable for PM combustion removal, Since DPF regeneration control is not performed, dilution of engine oil by post-injected fuel is suppressed.

According to the embodiment described in detail above, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) If the diesel engine 10 is in an operation state suitable for PM combustion removal and the regeneration failure of the DPF 22 has not occurred, the regeneration duration of the PM accumulated on the DPF 22 is increased. It should increase as you follow. If the amount of PM removed by combustion does not increase relative to the regeneration duration time, the diesel engine 10 is not in an operation state suitable for PM combustion removal, and the PM is not sufficiently combusted, so-called poor regeneration of the DPF 22 Is considered to have occurred.

  Thus, there is a correlation between the regeneration continuation time of the DPF 22, the amount of PM burned and removed by the DPF regeneration control by the lapse of the regeneration continuation time, and the presence or absence of regeneration failure of the DPF 22.

  Therefore, as in the above embodiment, based on the measured regeneration continuation time and the amount of PM burned and removed before the regeneration continuation time elapses, the regeneration failure is determined when no regeneration failure occurs. Appropriate determination can be made such that a determination is made that a reproduction failure occurs immediately when a reproduction failure has occurred.

  (2) If the diesel engine 10 is in an operation state suitable for PM combustion removal and the regeneration failure of the DPF 22 has not occurred, the allowable range for the amount of PM removed by combustion before the regeneration duration time elapses The minimum value should increase as the playback duration increases.

  If the amount of PM burned and removed before the regeneration continuation time is less than the minimum value in the above allowable range, the diesel engine 10 is not in an operating state suitable for PM burning and the temperature of the DPF 22 rises sufficiently. Therefore, it is considered that a situation in which PM is not sufficiently burned (regeneration failure of DPF 22) occurs.

  Thus, the minimum value of the permissible range for the amount of PM burned and removed before the regeneration duration time elapses, and the amount of PM burned and removed by DPF regeneration control until the regeneration duration time elapses There is a correlation between the DPF 22 and the presence or absence of regeneration failure.

  In this regard, in this embodiment, when determining whether there is a regeneration failure in the DPF 22, the minimum value of the allowable range for the amount of PM that is burned and removed before the regeneration duration time elapses is determined as the regeneration failure determination threshold γ. And Based on the regeneration failure determination threshold γ and the estimated PM combustion amount, it is determined whether or not the DPF 22 is regeneration failure (step 130 in FIG. 4).

Therefore, the determination can be performed more accurately, and the effect described in (1) can be obtained more reliably.
(3) As a determination content of the above (2), a value obtained from the regeneration duration time and the PM combustion amount (PM combustion amount burned and removed by DPF regeneration control until the regeneration duration time elapses) is determined as regeneration failure. If it is smaller (less) than the threshold value γ, it is determined that the reproduction is defective.

  This determination includes the minimum value of the allowable range for the amount of PM that is burned and removed before the regeneration continuation time elapses, and the PM that is burned and removed by DPF regeneration control until the regeneration continuation time elapses. This is in accordance with the above-described correlation between the amount of combustion and the presence or absence of regeneration failure of the DPF 22. Therefore, the above-described effect (2) can be suitably obtained by determining the contents.

  (4) A DPF lamp 23 is provided as a notification means for urging the driver to perform an operation for increasing a parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22 when it is determined that the DPF 22 has a poor regeneration (FIG. 1).

  For this reason, when the DPF 22 is determined to be defective in regeneration, the DPF lamp 23 is turned on to increase the parameter related to the DPF 22 regeneration failure and the temperature of the DPF 22 to the driver. You can notice what to do.

  Thereafter, when the above operation is performed by the driver and the diesel engine 10 is in an operation state suitable for PM combustion removal, the regeneration failure can be eliminated by performing the DPF regeneration control.

  (5) The DPF regeneration control is performed under the condition that at least one of the conditions is that the parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22 is higher than the threshold value. However, it is determined that the DPF 22 is in a regeneration failure and the DPF lamp 23 is turned on. The threshold is changed to a value higher than that when the DPF lamp is turned off (regeneration prohibition thresholds A to C).

  For this reason, according to the lighting of the DPF lamp 23, the driver performs an operation for increasing a parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22, and the diesel engine 10 is in an operation state suitable for PM combustion removal. Only when the parameter related to the temperature of the DPF 22 becomes higher than the changed threshold value, the DPF regeneration control is continued. By this DPF regeneration control, the temperature of the DPF 22 rises, PM is burned and removed, and the regeneration failure of the DPF 22 can be eliminated.

  On the other hand, even if the DPF lamp 23 is turned on, the above operation by the driver is not performed, and the DPF regeneration control is not performed when the diesel engine 10 is not in an operation state suitable for PM combustion removal. . For this reason, it is possible to suppress the dilution of the engine oil by the post-injected fuel without performing unnecessary post-injection by the DPF regeneration control. Thus, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to achieve both regeneration of the DPF 22 and suppression of engine oil dilution.

Note that the present invention can be embodied in another embodiment described below.
-As a notification means, you may employ | adopt the thing different from the DPF lamp 23, for example, the information notified with an audio | voice.

-You may abbreviate | omit at least one of the determination process of step 100,120 in the DPF lamp lighting control routine of FIG.
-You may abbreviate | omit one or two of the determination processes of steps 210-230 in the routine for determining whether to shift to DPF regeneration control in FIG.

  In the above embodiment, the DPF is used as the particulate filter. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can also be applied to an exhaust purification device using a DPNR catalyst.

  The exhaust emission control device of the present invention can be applied to a lean-burn gasoline engine in which the operating range in which the engine operation is performed by using a high air-fuel ratio (lean atmosphere) mixture for combustion is the majority of the entire operating range. is there.

  -The exhaust emission control device of the present invention is applicable not only to vehicles but also to internal combustion engines used for other purposes.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Diesel engine (internal combustion engine), 17 ... Exhaust passage, 22 ... DPF (filter), 23 ... DPF lamp (notification means), 41 ... Electronic control unit (filter regeneration control means and determination means), γ ... Regeneration failure judgment Threshold.

Claims (5)

A filter that is disposed in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine and collects particulate matter in the exhaust discharged from the internal combustion engine;
Filter regeneration control means for performing filter regeneration control for performing regeneration fuel injection after main injection fuel injection of the internal combustion engine and burning and removing particulate matter deposited on the filter;
The filter regeneration control means counts the duration of regeneration of the filter, and estimates the amount of particulate matter burned and removed by the filter regeneration control until the regeneration duration has elapsed based on the engine operating state. An exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a determination unit that determines whether or not the filter is defective in regeneration based on the regeneration duration time and the combustion amount. The determination means uses a minimum value of an allowable range for the amount of the particulate matter burned and removed before the regeneration duration time elapses as a regeneration failure determination threshold, and the regeneration failure determination threshold and the estimated particulate The exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein it is determined whether or not the filter is defective in regeneration based on the combustion amount of the substance. The exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein the determination means determines that the regeneration is defective when a value obtained from the regeneration duration and the combustion amount of the particulate matter is smaller than the regeneration failure determination threshold. 4. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a notification unit that prompts the driver to perform an operation for increasing a parameter related to a temperature of the filter when the determination unit determines that the filter is defective in regeneration. An exhaust purification device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1. The filter regeneration control means performs the filter regeneration control under at least one condition that a parameter related to the temperature of the filter is higher than a threshold value, and when the notification means is activated, the threshold value is set to a high value. The exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 4 to be changed.

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