JP2012123907A - Lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems wherein a lamp using LEDs has a small amount of emission light to the sides and hardly has emission of light to the back and scattering of light to the back of the lamp is desirable when using the lamp equivalent to a conventional incandescent bulb and wiring for mounting and power feeding becomes complicated if the LEDs do not exist on the same board.SOLUTION: In the lamp, the plurality of LEDs 4 are arranged on the same LED board 3, and a cover 2 having a light-transmitting property and light-scattering nature covers the whole LED board 3 by internally preparing a space. A reflector structure 1 existing on the same normal to a light-emitting surface and covering at least a part of the light-emitting surface is arranged at an upper part of the light-emitting surface of LEDs 4 and inside the cover 2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a lamp (illuminating device), and more particularly to a lamp that includes a semiconductor light emitting element such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) as a light source and is mainly used as an alternative to an incandescent bulb.

  In recent years, energy saving has been promoted in order to prevent global warming, and in the lighting field, research and development of lamps using LEDs have been conducted as an alternative to conventional incandescent bulbs. Compared with existing incandescent bulbs, lamps using LEDs have higher energy efficiency. When considering expanding the application of lamps using LEDs, it is required that the sockets of existing incandescent bulbs can be used as they are, and it is desirable to use them in the same manner as conventional incandescent bulbs.

  The LED has a strong straightness at the time of light emission, and when used in the same way as a conventional incandescent bulb, it is necessary to widen the light distribution to some extent.

  As background art of this technical field, there is JP 2010-62005 A (Patent Document 1). In this publication, it is described that a lamp capable of realizing various light distribution characteristics regardless of the size of the appearance size while providing energy saving by using a semiconductor light emitting element as a light source is described. Yes. In order to emit light to the side of the lamp, a base, a feeding base, a light emitting unit, a lighting circuit and a reflector are provided as main components. In the lamp shown in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1, a plurality of hollow conical reflectors are light emitting units arranged in an annular shape and an electronic component of a lighting circuit protruding from the center of the other circular opening in the base The light emitting unit side is a light reflecting surface. In the lamp shown in FIG. 3 of Patent Document 1, the shape of the reflector is inverted frustum, so that the light reflected by the reflector side wall is also reflected below the surface on which the LED substrate is attached. I am letting.

JP 2010-62005 A

  However, in the lamp shown in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1, the shape of the light reflecting surface of the reflector is conical and the light emitting unit is disposed on the outer periphery of the bottom of the conical reflector. The emission of light is small and there is almost no emission of light backward. In the conventional incandescent bulb, the light reaches not only the front and side of the bulb but also the rear. Therefore, when used in the same manner as the conventional incandescent bulb, it is desirable that the light is scattered also behind the lamp.

  In the lamp shown in FIG. 3 of Patent Document 1, the shape of the reflector is inverted frustum, so that the light reflected by the reflector side wall is also reflected below the surface on which the LED substrate is attached. However, in order to secure the amount of light upward, LEDs are also arranged on the upper surface of the reflector, so that a plurality of LEDs do not exist on the same substrate, and the wiring for mounting and feeding is complicated. Become.

  An object of this invention is to provide the lamp | ramp which simplifies mounting of LED by arrange | positioning several LED on the same board | substrate, and can implement | achieve various light distribution characteristics.

  The present invention is characterized in that the structure installed above the light emitting surface of the light emitter and in the space inside the cover is provided with a light transmitting property and a function of scattering light.

  Alternatively, in the present invention, the reflector having a surface facing the light emitting surface of the LED is made of a light-transmitting material, and the surface of the reflector facing the light emitting surface of the LED is subjected to a process of scattering light. It is characterized by that.

  Alternatively, according to the present invention, the reflector having a surface facing the light emitting surface of the LED is made of a light-transmitting material, and light scattering on the surface of the reflector facing the light emitting surface of the LED is performed in addition to the reflector. It is characterized by being stronger than the surface.

  According to the present invention, the structure is provided with a light-transmitting property and a function of scattering the light, thereby ensuring the emission of light in a direction different from the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting body, and the lamp. It is possible to prevent the shadow of the structure from being projected on the cover surface during lighting.

  According to the present invention, the reflector having a surface facing the light emitting surface of the LED is made of a material having translucency, and the surface of the reflector facing the light emitting surface of the LED is subjected to a process of scattering light. Thus, it is possible to prevent the shadow of the reflector from being projected onto the cover surface when the lamp is lit while ensuring the emission of light in a direction different from the light emission direction of the LED.

  According to the present invention, the reflector having a surface facing the light emitting surface of the LED is made of a light-transmitting material, and light scattering on the surface of the reflector facing the light emitting surface of the LED is performed in addition to the reflector. By making it stronger than this surface, it is possible to prevent the shadow of the reflector from being projected onto the cover surface when the lamp is lit while ensuring the emission of light in a direction different from the light emission direction of the LED.

It is sectional drawing seen from the side of the light emission part of Example 1 of this invention. It is a top view of the lamp of the present invention. It is sectional drawing seen from the side of the light emission part of Example 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing seen from the side of the light emission part of Example 3 of this invention. It is sectional drawing seen from the side of the light emission part of Example 4 of this invention. It is sectional drawing at the time of utilizing the light emission part of this invention for an incandescent lamp.

The lamp according to the present invention has a plurality of light emitters installed on the same substrate, protects the light emitters, has a light-transmitting cover, and has a light-scattering cover. It has a structure that covers at least a part of the light emitting surface inside the cover. As another example, a semiconductor light emitting element is used for the light emitter. As another example, the structure that covers at least a part of the light emitting surface is made of a light-transmitting material that scatters light.
As another example, a light-transmitting material is used for the structure covering at least a part of the light-emitting surface, and only the surface facing the light-emitting body has a function of scattering light. As another example, the structure has a function of scattering light only on a surface facing the light emitter by using a light-transmitting material that scatters light. As another example, the substrate is made of a metal material whose wiring is insulated, has a heat sink on the back side of the light-emitting body installation surface, and has a base for connecting to a power source. It is characterized by having functions such as scattering of light and light. As another example, the substrate and the heat sink are thermally coupled, and the heat sink and the base are electrically insulated, but are thermally coupled.

  The lamp according to the present invention is mainly composed of a substrate on which a plurality of light emitters are installed, a cover that is translucent and has light scattering properties, and a structure that covers at least a part of the light emitting surface of the light emitter. ing. Hereinafter, the name of this structure will be described as a reflector structure. Since the reflector structure scatters light from the light emitting surface, the light can be emitted to the side and the rear. Further, in the lamp according to the present invention, energy saving and downsizing of the light emitter can be expected by using a semiconductor light emitting element such as an LED as the light emitter. In the lamp according to the present invention, the reflector structure is made of a light-transmitting material that scatters light, thereby emitting light laterally or rearward. Moreover, since it has translucency, it has the characteristic that the shadow of a reflector structure is hard to be projected on the cover surface at the time of lighting. Further, in the lamp according to the present invention, a material having translucency is used for the reflector structure, and the light scattering surface is provided only on the surface facing the light emitter. Since there is a material that scatters light only on the surface facing the light emitter, the light distribution characteristics can be controlled by changing the concentration and properties of the scattering agent. Further, in the lamp according to the present invention, various light distribution characteristics can be obtained by using a material having translucency and light scattering for the reflector structure, and further providing a scattering function only on the surface facing the light emitter. Can be controlled. In addition, it is desirable that the lamp according to the present invention has a shape similar to that of a light bulb when considering use as an alternative to an incandescent bulb. On the back side of the substrate on which a plurality of LEDs are installed, there is a heat sink and a base for connecting to a conventional incandescent light bulb socket. Further, the heat sink is hollow, and a circuit for converting from alternating current to direct current can be provided in order to drive the LED with a household alternating current power supply. In the lamp according to the present invention, the LED is provided with a heat sink because the lower the temperature, the higher the luminous efficiency and the shorter the life at high temperatures. Heat dissipation can be enhanced by thermally coupling the heat sink and the base, and electrical insulation can prevent electrical shock when the user touches the heat sink, thus ensuring safety.

  Hereinafter, Examples 1 to 4 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In this embodiment, an example of a reflector structure that performs light distribution control will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting unit according to Example 1 of the present invention viewed from the side. The basic configuration is a reflector structure 1 (reflection structure), an LED substrate 3 on which the LED 4 is mounted, an LED 4 (light emitter) as a light source, and a cover 2. In FIG. 1, the LED 4 has a light emitting surface on the upper surface. Compared with fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps, the light from the LED 4 has higher directivity. Therefore, in the LED 4 having the light emitting surface on the upper surface, the light concentrates in the upward direction, and the light intensity in the upward direction is higher than the light intensity on the side.

  The reflector structure 1 has a shape in which an inverted truncated cone rides on a cylinder. That is, the reflector structure 1 has a shape in which the outer diameter does not change as it goes upward from the lower end, the outer diameter gradually increases (linearly) as it goes from the middle to the upper side, and the outer diameter does not change from the vicinity of the upper end to the upper end. Have The inclination angle a of the side surface of the inverted truncated cone with respect to the height direction (vertical direction) of the reflector structure 1 is about 45 degrees. However, it may be larger than 45 degrees or smaller than 45 degrees. The turned-back portion from the cylindrical portion of the reflector structure 1 to the inverted truncated cone portion may be gently curved. The turned-back portion from the cylindrical portion to the inverted truncated cone portion is at a position slightly lower than half of the total height of the reflector structure 1. However, the turning portion from the cylindrical portion to the inverted truncated cone portion only needs to be higher than the upper surface of the LED 4 that is the light emitting surface of the LED 4 arranged on the LED substrate 3. The cross section in the height direction of the reflector structure 1 is circular, but may be polygonal. Several LED4 is arrange | positioned at the outer peripheral side of the base (column part) of the reflector structure 1. FIG. By making the side close to the LED 4 in the reflector structure 1 cylindrical, the physical distance between the reflector structure 1 and the LED 4 can be increased, and the reflector structure 1 is deteriorated or damaged by the heat of the LED 4. Can be suppressed.

  The reflector structure 1 uses a translucent material such as glass or polycarbonate (resin). The translucent material is preferably colorless and transparent, but may be colored or translucent. The translucency of the translucent material is preferably 80% or more. When glass is used, scattering characteristics are obtained by fixing fine particles such as silica (silicon dioxide) on the surface of the surface 100 facing the LED 4 (side surface (inclined surface) of the inverted truncated cone). Can do. Further, a metal such as aluminum may be formed on the surface of the facing surface 100 by vapor deposition or the like. Not only the side surface of the inverted truncated cone part but also the side surface of the cylindrical part may be subjected to light scattering treatment such as fine particle fixation and metal deposition. Therefore, the opposing surface 100 subjected to the light scattering process such as fine particle fixation or metal vapor deposition is from the other surface of the reflector structure 1 that is not subjected to the light scattering process, for example, the upper surface of the reflector structure 1 (the bottom surface of the inverted truncated cone). However, light scattering is strong (light is easily scattered). For example, the transmissivity of the facing surface 100 subjected to light scattering treatment such as fine particle fixation or metal deposition is about 50%. That is, half of the light incident on the facing surface 100 is reflected and the other half is transmitted (transmitted). That is, when the reflector structure 1 and the LED 4 are arranged so that the facing surface 100 faces the light emitting surface of the LED 4 as shown in FIG. 1, half of the light incident on the facing surface 100 from the LED 4 is from the facing surface 100. Is reflected downward, and the remaining half passes above the opposing surface 100. However, the transmissivity of the facing surface 100 subjected to light scattering treatment such as fine particle fixation or metal vapor deposition may be smaller than 50% or larger than 50%. Further, it is possible to give scattering characteristics by mixing fine particles such as silica having a size of about 1000 nm in glass. The opposing surface 100 may have scattering characteristics, and fine particles may be mixed in the glass.

  When polycarbonate is used for the reflector structure 1, a mixture of polycarbonate with fine particles of about 1000 nm, such as polycarbonate or PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), is used. Fine particles such as silica may be fixed to the facing surface 100, or a metal such as aluminum may be formed by vapor deposition. The reflector structure 1 may be made of glass or polycarbonate up to the inside, or may be hollow. When glass is used for the reflector structure 1 rather than polycarbonate, the light transmittance of the reflector structure 1 can be increased, heat resistance can be increased, and deterioration can be suppressed.

  The LED substrate 3 is preferably made of a metal material (for example, aluminum, aluminum alloy, or copper) that is insulated from the wiring in consideration of heat dissipation. When a resin is used for the LED substrate 3, heat transfer characteristics can be improved by disposing a substrate such as a metal material (for example, aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper) under the LED substrate 3.

  The cover 2 is made of a translucent material such as glass or polycarbonate. For example, the cover 2 is preferably milky white so that the inside does not appear clear. The cover inner scattering agent 200 is applied to the inner side surface of the cover 2 (the side surface on which the LEDs 4 are arranged). When glass is used, scattering properties can be imparted by fixing fine particles such as silica to the cover inner scattering agent 200. Further, fine particles such as silica having a size of about 1000 nm may be mixed in the glass so as to have scattering characteristics. When polycarbonate is used for the cover 2, the polycarbonate can be mixed with fine particles having a size of about 1000 nm, for example, polycarbonate or PMMA, so as to have scattering properties. In this case, the cover inner scattering agent 200 may not be formed.

  FIG. 2 is a top view of the light emitting portion of the present invention. A plurality of LEDs 4 (eight in FIG. 2) are concentrically arranged on the LED substrate 3, and the reflector structure 1 is installed so as to cover at least a part of the light emitting surface of the LEDs 4. That is, when viewed from above the light emitting unit, the inner peripheral side of the LED 4 overlaps the outer peripheral end of the reflector structure 1. Since the reflector structure 1 has translucency, even if it covers at least a part of the light emitting surface of the LED 4, it is possible to secure a certain amount of light upward. For example, the portion covered by the reflector structure 1 is ½ of the width d of the LED 4 (the length in the radial direction with reference to the concentric circle in which the plurality of LEDs 4 are arranged). That is, half of the light from the LED 4 is scattered by the reflector structure 1 and the other half is directly emitted without being scattered by the reflector structure 1. The portion covered by the reflector structure 1 may be larger or smaller than ½ of the width d of the LED 4. When the portion covered by the reflector structure 1 is larger than ½ of the width d of the LED 4, the direct light from the LED 4 is reduced and the amount of light upward is reduced. Conversely, the portion covered by the reflector structure 1 is the width d of the LED 4. If it becomes smaller than 1/2 of this, the direct light from LED4 will increase and the light quantity upward will also increase. Since the wiring is simple, the plurality of LEDs 4 are preferably mounted on one LED substrate 3 (the same LED substrate 3), but may be distributed and mounted on the plurality of LED substrates 3. The plurality of LEDs 4 may be alternately arranged on a plurality of concentric circles instead of being arranged on one concentric circle. That is, the plurality of LEDs 4 may be alternately arranged on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side.

  The reflector structure 1 may be formed on the LED substrate 3, or a through hole may be provided in the center of the LED substrate 3 and formed in the through hole. The cover 2 may be formed on the LED substrate 3. That is, the circumferential end surface of the cover 2 may be coupled to the outer peripheral portion of the LED substrate 3. Further, it may be formed on the outer peripheral side of the LED substrate 3.

  Since the scattering characteristics can be controlled by changing the combination of the scattering agents of the reflector structure 1, the light distribution of the light emitting unit can be controlled.

  Since the reflector structure 1 scatters the light from the light emitting surface of the LED 4, the light can be emitted to the side and the rear of the light emitting unit. By using a semiconductor light emitting element such as the LED 4 for the light emitter, energy saving and size reduction of the light emitter can be expected. By using a material that has translucency and scatters light for the reflector structure 1, light can be emitted sideways or rearward. Moreover, since it has translucency, the shadow of the reflector structure 1 is hard to be projected on the cover 2 when the light emitting unit is turned on. Therefore, unevenness of light (intensity) can be reduced while ensuring the light distribution upward, laterally, and backward. In addition, since the reflector structure 1 is made of a light-transmitting material and only the facing surface 100 facing the LED 4 has a light scattering surface, the light distribution can be achieved by changing the concentration and properties of the scattering agent. Properties can be controlled. Moreover, various light distribution characteristics can be controlled by using a light-transmitting material that scatters light for the reflector structure 1 and by providing a scattering function only to the facing surface 100 facing the LED 4. .

  Since the reflector structure 1 has translucency, the amount of light above the light emitting unit can be secured without arranging the LED 4 on the upper surface of the reflector structure 1 (the bottom surface of the inverted truncated cone). Moreover, since the outer peripheral side of the LED 4 does not overlap the reflector structure 1 when viewed from above the light emitting part, the light emitting part can be obtained without arranging the LED 4 on the upper surface of the reflector structure 1 (the bottom surface of the inverted truncated cone). The amount of light upward can be secured. By providing the reflector structure 1 having a scattering function inside the cover 2, the scattering effect can be improved and the unevenness of light (intensity) can be reduced as compared with the case where the reflector structure 1 is not provided.

  Next, a lamp for an alternative use of an incandescent bulb will be described. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view when the lamp of the present invention is used in an incandescent bulb. The reflector structure 1, the cover 2, the LED substrate 3, the LED 4, the heat sink 10 (lamp body), the base 11, and an LED drive circuit (not shown) for driving the LED 4 are mainly configured.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the cover 2 is formed on the LED substrate 3, the lower surface of the LED substrate 3 is connected to the upper surface of the heat sink 10. However, the cover 2 may be connected to the upper surface of the heat sink 10, and the LED substrate 3 may be disposed on the upper surface of the heat sink 10 inside the cover 2. For the LED substrate 3, it is desirable to use a metal material insulated from the wiring, for example, aluminum in order to consider heat dissipation. The heat sink 10 has an inverted frustoconical shape, and has a shape in which the outer diameter gradually decreases from the upper end toward the lower end. The heat sink 10 has a cavity for containing an LED driving circuit therein. The heat sink 10 is also preferably made of a metal material such as aluminum in order to consider heat dissipation. Although the side surface of the heat sink 10 is formed smoothly, a fin for heat dissipation may be formed. The LED drive circuit and the heat sink 10 are electrically insulated by inserting silicone resin or the like. In order to use an existing incandescent light bulb socket, the base 11 has a similar shape. It is possible to improve heat dissipation by thermally coupling the heat sink 10 and the base 11 and to ensure safety in order to prevent electric shock when the user touches the heat sink by being electrically insulated. it can. In order to achieve both thermal coupling and insulation, a resin having a high heat transfer effect is used.

  About this form, although the lamp attached to the socket for incandescent bulbs was described as an example, the reflector structure 1 described above is not limited to such incandescent bulbs, and can be applied to other types of lamps. Various modifications can be made within the scope of the matters described in the scope of the claims.

  In the above embodiment, the surface-mounted LED 4 is used as the light source. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of LEDs and other light emitting elements such as organic EL and inorganic EL may be used.

In the second embodiment, another method of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view seen from the side of the light emitting unit of Example 2 of the present invention. The reflector structure 101 has a shape in which a disk is placed on a cylinder. The cross section of the reflector structure 101 has a T shape when viewed from the side.
That is, the reflector structure 101 has a shape in which the outer diameter does not change as it goes upward from the lower end, the outer diameter increases near the upper end, and the outer diameter does not change from the upper end to the upper end. The facing surface 100 is formed on the lower surface of the disk (the lower surface of the T-shaped arm portion).

  Although the structure of the reflector structure 101 is different from that of the first embodiment, other properties are the same as those of the first embodiment. By changing the shape of the reflector structure 101, it is possible to increase the emission to the side and rear of the light emitting unit.

  In the third embodiment, another method of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view seen from the side of the light emitting unit of Example 3 of the present invention. The reflector structure 102 has a shape in which a hemisphere rides on a cylinder with its curved surface down. That is, the reflector structure 102 has a shape in which the outer peripheral diameter does not change as it goes upward from the lower end, gradually increases from the middle to the upper part, and the outer peripheral diameter does not change from near the upper end to the upper end. The facing surface 100 is formed in a hemispherical curved surface.

  The structure of the reflector structure 102 is different from that of the first embodiment, but other properties are the same as those of the first embodiment. The upper surface of the reflector structure 102 may be a concave surface. By changing the shape of the reflector structure 102, it is possible to increase the emission to the side and rear of the light emitting unit.

  In the fourth embodiment, another method of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view seen from the side of the light emitting unit of Example 4 of the present invention. The reflector structure 103 has a shape in which a hollow inverted truncated cone rides on a cylinder. That is, the outer diameter of the reflector structure 103 does not change as it goes upward from the lower end, the outer diameter gradually increases (linearly) as it goes from the middle to the upper side, and further, the inner circumference increases from the lower end to the upper end. It has a shape whose diameter does not change. The reflector structure 103 has a shape in which the inner periphery of the reflector structure 1 is hollowed out. Similar to the reflector structure 1, the facing surface 100 is formed on the outer peripheral side surface (inclined surface) of the inverted truncated cone. One LED 4 is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the hollow portion of the reflector structure 103. It is preferable that one LED 4 arranged in the central portion and the plurality of LEDs 4 arranged concentrically are mounted on the same LED substrate 3.

  The structure of the reflector structure 103 is different from that of the first embodiment, but other properties are the same as those of the first embodiment. By disposing the LED 4 whose upper portion is not covered by the reflector structure 103 at the center of the LED substrate 3, emission to the front of the light emitting unit can be strengthened.

1, 101, 102, 103 Reflector structure 2 Cover 3 LED substrate 4 LED
10 Heat sink 11 Base 100 Opposing surface 200 Cover inner scattering agent

Claims (11)

A light emitter, a cover that covers and covers the entire surface of the substrate on which the light emitter is installed, and a structure that is installed above the light emitting surface of the light emitter and in the cover internal space,
The structure has a light-transmitting property and has a function of scattering light. The lamp of claim 1, wherein
The lamp is characterized in that the structure covers at least a part of the light emitting surface when viewed from above the lamp. The lamp of claim 1, wherein
A lamp using a semiconductor light emitting element as the light emitter. The lamp of claim 1, wherein
The said structure is comprised with the material which has translucency and scatters light, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. The lamp of claim 1, wherein
The structure is made of a light-transmitting material, and has a function of scattering light only on a surface of the structure that faces the light emitter. The lamp of claim 1, wherein
The structure is made of a light-transmitting material that scatters light, and further has a function of scattering light only on the surface of the structure that faces the light emitter. Lamp to do. The lamp of claim 1, wherein
A heat sink formed on an opposite surface of the substrate on which the light emitter is installed;
It has a base for connecting to the power supply,
A lamp characterized in that a metal material, in which the wiring of the light emitter is insulated, is used for the substrate. The lamp of claim 7,
The substrate and the heat sink are thermally coupled;
The lamp, wherein the heat sink and the base are electrically insulated but thermally coupled. In a lamp comprising an LED and a reflector having a surface facing the light emitting surface of the LED,
The reflector is made of a translucent material,
The lamp | ramp of the surface which opposes the light emission surface of the said LED of the said reflector was given to the light scattering process, The lamp | ramp characterized by the above-mentioned. The lamp of claim 9,
The lamp | ramp which faces the light emission surface of the said LED of the said reflector permeate | transmits a part of light from the light emission surface of the said LED, and reflects another part. In a lamp comprising an LED and a reflector having a surface facing the light emitting surface of the LED,
The reflector is made of a translucent material,
The lamp is characterized in that light scattering on the surface of the reflector facing the light emitting surface of the LED is stronger than that of the other surface of the reflector.

Images