JP2012101200A - Oil content separator for oil-containing material and method for separating the oil content - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil content separator for an oil-containing material which can recover an oil content from an oil-containing material safely and efficiently to improve productivity, and a method for separating the oil content.SOLUTION: The oil-containing material supplied downward in the direction of gravitational force from a supply inlet 42 after passing through a material feeding device 9 and the space between an inner cylinder 18a and an outer cylinder 18b is attracted by jetting supersonic superheated steam from a superheated steam injection tip 41. By forcibly colliding the supersonic flow superheated steam against the oil-containing material, the oil containing material supplied to a treatment tank 10 is crushed and stirred, and its oil content is vaporized. At that time, the supply direction of the oil-containing material from the supply inlet 42 is to be downward in the direction of gravitational force from the upper part of the treatment tank 10 just like the injection direction of the superheated steam from the superheated steam injection tip 41, so that a suction force generated by jetting the superheated steam is added in the movement of the oil-containing material in the direction of gravitational force by self weight, and the supply of the oil-containing material can proceed smoothly.

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil separation device and method for separating and collecting oil and solid substances contained in an oil-containing substance.

Oil sand, which is an oil-containing substance, has a huge reserve in nature, and there is a demand for oil refining from this oil sand to separate and collect oil. As other oil-containing substances, there are silicon sludge generated when cutting a silicon ingot slice, and oil-containing polishing sludge generated in the automobile manufacturing process. It is extremely important from the viewpoint of environmental protection to separate the oil and solids from the silicon sludge, oil-impregnated polishing sludge, etc. and reuse the oil.
A vaporization process is performed for drying or fractionating the oil-containing substance. However, there is a problem of flammability in this vaporization treatment, and in order to separate crude oil from oil sand, low-cost and highly efficient equipment and processes with a lower profit base are required.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an oil-containing substance that is supplied from the outside as an oil-separating apparatus for oil-containing substances that solves the problem of flammability and can separate oil and solids at an extremely simple and low cost. A treatment tank having an injection space for injecting supersonic superheated steam, separation means for separating the vaporized substance and solid substance obtained by injection in the injection space, and collecting the oil by condensing the vaporized substance And a condensing means for the oil content separation apparatus and method for oily substances.

JP 2001-149722 A

  In the oil component separation apparatus and method therefor of Patent Document 1, even if supersonic superheated steam is injected into the oil-containing material supplied from the outside in the lower region of the rectangular treatment tank, the solid-liquid separation is not necessarily efficient. Cannot be obtained, and there is a problem that it is difficult to improve the productivity because the processing amount is limited.

  In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an oil content separation apparatus and method for oil content that can recover oil from an oil content safely and efficiently and improve productivity. With the goal.

  The oil-separating device for oil-containing substances of the present invention includes a treatment tank having an injection space for injecting supersonic superheated steam to an oil-containing substance supplied from the outside, and vaporization obtained by injection in the injection space. A separating means for separating the substance from the solid substance, and a condensing means for condensing the vaporized substance and recovering oil, and the supersonic superheated steam injection port extends downward from the top of the treatment tank in the direction of gravity. The superheated steam is supplied to the oil tank, and the oil-containing substance supply port supplies the oil-containing substance from the upper part of the treatment tank downward in the direction of gravity.

  The oil-separated material oil separation method of the present invention includes an injection step of injecting supersonic superheated steam into an injection space with respect to an oil-containing material supplied from the outside, and a vaporized material obtained by injection in the injection space And a condensing step of condensing the vaporized material and recovering oil, and in the jetting step, the superheated steam and the oil-containing material are fed into the jetting space from above in the direction of gravity. It injects toward.

  In the jetting step, the oil-containing substance supply port may be configured to suck and supply the oil-containing substance by steam jetted from the supersonic superheated steam jet port.

  The treatment tank has a curved inner surface at least at the bottom, and has a discharge port at the top, and in the spraying step, the vaporized substance and the solid substance obtained by spraying in the spray space are injected into the top of the spray space. Can be exhausted from. Moreover, you may make the said processing tank spherical.

  A position where the superheated steam and the oil-containing substance are injected into the injection space from the upper side to the lower side in the direction of gravity can be set as a region near the center of the injection space.

According to the present invention, high-temperature and high-pressure superheated steam is injected as a supersonic flow through a throat-shaped nozzle from the upper side to the lower side in the gravity direction of a spherical injection space such as a fig shape, an insulator shape or a flask shape, and an oil-containing substance is injected. In the same manner as the superheated steam, the spherical spray space is sprayed from the upper side to the lower side in the direction of gravity. Therefore, the superheated steam of the super-high-speed flow is injected in the direction of the bottom spherical curved surface of the spherical injection space, and the forced collision with the oil-containing substance is performed.
As a result, the solid matter and vaporized oil produced by instantaneously crushing the oil-containing substance are blown upward from the bottom in a direction following the spherical curved surface inside the spherical injection space, and fall by gravity and fall into the spherical injection space inside. In the process, the solids are refined by contact with each other. In a state of being refined to a certain extent, the solids are discharged from the upper part of the injection space together with the vaporized oil, separated by centrifugation, etc. Is cooled and liquefied.

  In this way, superheated steam of ultra high-speed flow is injected in the direction of the spherical curved surface at the bottom of the spherical injection space, and forced collision with the oil-containing substance is performed, so that wear due to friction on the inner surface of the bottom of the treatment tank forming the spherical injection space is prevented. , The processing amount can be remarkably improved.

  Since the oil-containing substance is injected from the upper side to the lower side in the gravity direction of the spherical injection space in the same manner as the superheated steam, the internal impurities that obstruct the movement of the oil-containing substance and the superheated steam in the spherical injection space are reduced, and the oil-containing substance is reduced. It is possible to smooth the rotational movement of the active substance and the superheated steam and improve the processing efficiency.

  According to the present invention, high-temperature and high-pressure superheated steam is jetted in supersonic flow so that the oil-containing substance is sucked and instantly pulverized and vaporized, so there is no problem such as explosion due to oil ignition, In addition, there is an effect that it is possible to separate oil components that are small and light and efficient.

  In addition, it is possible to improve the processing amount for recovering oil from oil-containing substances safely and efficiently, and productivity can be improved.

It is a typical block diagram which shows the whole structure of the oil content separation apparatus of the oil-containing substance of embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part expansion schematic diagram of the oil-separation apparatus of the oil-containing substance of embodiment of this invention. It is the other principal part expansion schematic diagram of the oil-separation apparatus of the oil-containing substance of embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part expansion schematic diagram of the oil-separation apparatus as a comparative example shown in order to compare with the oil-separation apparatus of the oil-containing substance of this invention. It is a process flowchart which shows operation | movement of the oil-separation apparatus of the oil-containing substance of embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the overall configuration of an oil content separation apparatus 1 for oil-containing substances of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the oil separator 1 includes a steam boiler 2, a power supply device 3, a cooling water source 4, a fuel 5, and other necessary energy sources. Further, a bridge breaker 7 for facilitating the feeding of the material to be processed is arranged inside the hopper 6 for supplying the material to be processed (sludge), and the bridge breaker 7 is driven by a bridge breaker motor 8. The material inside the hopper 6 is supplied to the processing tank 10 by the material feeder 9. The material feeding device 9 is driven by a material feeding motor 11.

  The steam pressure from the steam boiler 2 that supplies steam to the superheated furnace 12 is detected by a pressure sensor 13. The steam from the steam boiler 2 is sent to the superheated furnace 12 through the motor valve 14. The superheated furnace 12 converts the steam supplied from the steam boiler 2 into superheated steam. The burners 15 a and 15 b are heat sources for the superheated furnace, and the input temperature sensor 16 detects the temperature of the steam heated in the superheated furnace 12.

  The superheated furnace 12 includes a drain valve 17, and the drainage from the superheated furnace 12 is discharged through the drain valve 17. The jet nozzle (Laval nozzle) 18 is a superheated steam injection nozzle, and the processing material is separated into solid and liquid by jetting superheated steam from the jet nozzle 18 into the treatment tank 10. A fire-extinguishing water valve 19 is attached to the jet nozzle 18, and the fire-extinguishing water valve 19 can prevent a rapid temperature rise in the treatment tank 10.

The treatment tank 10 is provided with a drain valve (not shown), and the waste water in the treatment tank 10 is discharged through this drain valve.
The discharge port 20 of the processing tank 10 is connected to a cyclone 21, and the cyclone 21 collects powdered solid content of the moisture, oil, and powdered solid components discharged from the processing tank 10 and vaporized. .

  An output temperature sensor 22 is provided at the gas outlet 21a of the cyclone 21, and the outlet temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the gas outlet 21a is detected by the output temperature sensor 22. Exhaust gas from the gas discharge port 21a of the cyclone 21 passes through the bag filter 23, collects ultrafine powder that could not be collected by the cyclone, and is guided to a water tank scrubber 24 that liquefies gaseous moisture and oil. The scrubber 24 is provided with a liquefaction promoting device 25 and a water valve 26 for preventing water hammer. An oil tank 27 is disposed adjacent to the scrubber 24 to collect oil from the scrubber 24 using overflow due to a difference in water level.

  The liquefaction promoting device 25 is provided with a scrubber water backflow prevention valve 28 at the time of operation stop. The scrubber water backflow prevention valve 28 at the time of operation stop is a scrubber due to a decrease in the pressure in the oil separator 1 due to a rapid decrease in temperature at the time of operation stop. Intake for preventing suction of water into the oil separator 1 is performed. Further, the scrubber 24 has a water level sensor 29 for controlling the water level inside the scrubber 24, a water discharge pump 30 for adjusting the water level in the scrubber 24, and a signal from the water level sensor 29 for opening and closing the scrubber water. Oil level sensor 32 for controlling the oil level collected in the oil tank 27 disposed adjacent to the motor valve 31 and the scrubber 24 to perform, ON / OFF by the signal from the oil level sensor, and the oil collected in the oil tank 27 Is equipped with an oil discharge pump 33 for discharging the oil. Further, the steam and the vaporized oil inside the scrubber 24 after the treatment are discharged from the exhaust duct 34.

  On the other hand, the solid component separated by the cyclone 21 is stored in the residue tank 35. The residue tank 35 is provided with a paddle sensor 36 for detecting the storage amount of the solid component. When the paddle sensor 36 detects the storage amount of the solid component above a certain level, the residue feed motor 37 is driven. The solid component is cooled by the driven residue feeder cooling device 38.

  The oil separation device 1 has a control board 39 that distributes electric power to each device and each system control, and the control board 39 detects and controls the drive state of each part of the oil separation device 1 described above.

FIG.2 and FIG.3 is a principal part expansion schematic diagram of the oil content separation apparatus 1 of the oil-containing substance of this invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the main body of the treatment tank 10 is formed in a spherical shape such as a fig shape, an insulator shape, or a flask shape, and has an injection space 40 inside the spherical main body. The spherical body has a discharge port 20 communicating with the cyclone 21 at the upper part of one side thereof.

  Since the processing tank 10 is formed in a spherical shape, the bottom inner side surface 10a and the top and bottom direction side portion 10b inner side surfaces are curved. In the injection space 40 of the processing tank 10, an overheated steam injection port 41 for injecting superheated steam from the jet nozzle 18 into the processing tank 10 opens. The opening position of the superheated steam injection port 41 is the processing tank 10 inner side, that is, the region near the center of the spherical main body injection space 40. The opening direction of the superheated steam injection port 41, that is, the superheated steam injection direction, is made downward from the upper part of the treatment tank 10 in the gravity direction. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the jet nozzle 18 having the superheated steam injection port 41 is composed of an inner cylinder 18a through which superheated steam flows and an outer cylinder 18b surrounding the outer side of the inner cylinder 18a.

  Further, a material feeding device 9 using a screw feeder for supplying an oil-containing substance communicates with the outer cylinder 18b surrounding the outer side of the inner cylinder 18a of the jet nozzle 18. Accordingly, an oil-containing substance supply port 42, which is an opening portion of the outer cylinder 18 b surrounding the outer side of the inner cylinder 18 a of the jet nozzle 18, is disposed in a region near the center of the spherical main body injection space 40. Therefore, the supply direction of the oil-containing substance from the supply port 42 is made downward from the upper part of the processing tank 10 in the gravity direction, similarly to the superheated steam injection direction from the superheated steam injection port 41 toward the injection space 40.

  The material feeding device 9 is bent up so as to feed the material into the processing tank 10 by raising it one step from the hopper 6 in the direction of gravity so as to prevent the pasted raw material from flowing from the processing tank 10 to the hopper 6. Has been.

  By injecting superheated superheated steam from the superheated steam injection port 41 through the gap between the material feeding device 9 and the inner cylinder 18a and the outer cylinder 18b and supplying the oil-containing substance supplied downward from the supply port 42 in the direction of gravity. The oil-containing substance supplied to the treatment tank 10 is crushed and agitated to vaporize the oil by sucking and forcibly colliding superheated superheated steam against the oil-containing substance. At that time, the oil-containing substance is supplied from the supply port 42 in the direction of gravity from the upper part of the treatment tank 10 in the same manner as the superheated steam injection direction from the superheated steam injection port 41. The suction force generated by injecting superheated steam is added to the movement in the direction of gravity due to, and the supply of the oil-containing substance proceeds smoothly. The supersonic flow that can be generated by the jet nozzle 18 is about 10 to 15 cm, and the processed material is crushed by a shock wave generated between 10 and 15 cm. Therefore, it is desirable that the position of the jet nozzle 18 is approximately the center, the height thereof is movable, and the position (height) with the highest processing efficiency is determined.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a main part of an oil content separator 100 as a comparative example shown for comparison with the oil content separator 1 of the oil-containing substance of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the main body of the processing tank 101 is cylindrical, and has an injection space 102 inside the cylindrical main body. The cylindrical main body has a discharge port 104 communicating with the cyclone 103 at the cylindrical shaft position on one side thereof. The processing tank 101 is arranged so that the cylindrical axis direction is orthogonal to the top-bottom direction.

  Further, in the injection space 102 of the processing tank 101, a superheated steam injection port 106 for injecting superheated steam from the jet nozzle 105 into the processing tank 101 opens. The opening position of the superheated steam injection port 106 is the bottom 101a in the vertical direction of the cylindrical main body. The superheated steam injection port 106 is arranged so that the superheated steam injection direction is in a direction following the inner circumferential direction of the cylindrical curved surface 107 of the cylindrical main body.

  Furthermore, the supply port 109 of the material feeder 108 using the screw feeder which supplies an oil-containing substance is provided in the top and bottom direction side part 101b of the processing tank 101. Supersonic superheated steam is injected from the superheated steam injection port 106 to the oil-containing substance supplied from the outside through the supply port 109. In this way, the superheated steam is supersonic flow to forcibly collide with the supplied oil-containing substance, whereby the oil-containing substance supplied to the treatment tank 101 is crushed and the oil is vaporized while stirring.

  In the oil separator 100 of this comparative example, the solid matter and the vaporized oil produced by pulverizing the oil-containing substance by injecting superheated steam onto the oil-containing substance at the bottom 101a in the vertical direction of the cylindrical injection space 102 are In the cylindrical injection space 102, after being blown upward in a direction following the circumferential direction formed by the cylindrical curved surface 107, and reaching the Tenchi region improvement part 101c, a circular motion that falls by gravity is performed, and the oil-containing substance is produced in the process. The solid matter generated by pulverization is refined.

  In the oil separation device 100 of this comparative example, in order to increase the processing amount and improve the productivity, it is necessary to increase the volume of the processing tank 101, and the cylinder having the cylindrical curved surface 107 of the cylindrical processing tank 101 is unavoidable. It is necessary to increase the diameter of the circle of the cross section. However, in such a case, even if the amount of superheated steam injected from the superheated steam injection port 106 is increased, it is not possible to apply a sufficient force for the solid matter generated by crushing the oil-containing substance and the vaporized oil to rise upward. It cannot be performed and smooth stirring cannot be performed. Therefore, there is a limit to the diameter of the circle of the cylindrical curved surface 107 of the cylindrical processing tank 101, and there is a limit to improving productivity.

  On the other hand, in the oil content separation apparatus 1 for oil-containing substances of the present invention, the treatment tank 10 is made spherical as shown in FIG. 2, and superheated steam and oil-impregnated from the upper part of the spherical treatment tank 10 downward in the gravity direction by the jet nozzle 18. When the sexual substance is ejected, the inside of the treatment tank 10 is in a state where a turbulent flow like a storm has occurred due to the addition of gravity. Therefore, the vaporized oil obtained by pulverizing the oil-containing substance and the solid content that has been refined and reduced in weight and dried are smoothly discharged from the upper outlet 20 that communicates with the cyclone 21. Moreover, such movement is promoted without being hindered by increasing the amount of steam, and the amount of treatment in the treatment tank 10 can be easily increased.

FIG. 5 is a process flowchart showing the operation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Superheated steam is injected into the spherical injection space 40 in a supersonic flow from the superheated steam injection port 41 toward the curved bottom inner surface 10a of the spherical injection space 40 from above in the direction of gravity (step S1). The oil-containing substance that passes through the gap between the outer cylinder 18b and the outer cylinder 18b and is supplied downward in the direction of gravity from the supply port 42 is sucked into the spherical injection space 40 by injecting superheated superheated steam from the superheated steam injection port 41. (Step S2).

  In the process of sucking the oil-containing substance supplied from the supply port 42 into the spherical injection space 40 by injecting the superheated superheated steam from the superheated steam injection port 41, the superheated superheated steam is forced into the oil-containing substance. By causing the collision (step S3), the oil-containing substance is instantaneously crushed and the oil is vaporized (step S4).

  By injecting superheated steam into the oil-containing substance, the solid matter and the vaporized oil generated by instantaneously crushing the oil-containing substance are inside the spherical injection space 40 inside the curved bottom inner surface 10a and the spherical injection space 40. After being blown upward in a direction following the side surface and reaching the celestial region improvement unit 10c, it falls by gravity (step S5). Further, the solids and vaporized oil that have fallen due to gravity follow the curved bottom inner surface 10a and the inner surface of the spherical injection space 40 by the thrust of superheated steam in the supersonic flow injected from the thermal steam injection port 41 to the injection space 40. Is again blown upward (step S6).

  As a result, the solid matter and the vaporized oil produced by instantaneously crushing the oil-containing substance rotate in a direction that follows the curved bottom inner surface 10a and the spherical injection space 40 inner surface, and the curved bottom inner surface 10a. And the heaven district improvement part 10b are repeated (step S7). In the process, the solid matter generated by instantaneously crushing the oil-containing substance is refined by contact with each other and inside the spherical injection space 40 (step S8), and in a state of being refined to a certain extent. The oil is discharged from the discharge port 20 toward the cyclone 21 together with the vaporized oil.

Vaporized oil and fine powder are supplied from the treatment tank 10 to the cyclone 21, and the cyclone 21 separates gas and solid by centrifugal separation, collision separation, or the like (step S9). The separated gas is led out from the cyclone 21 to the scrubber 24 through the bag filter 23, and ultrafine powder that could not be collected by the cyclone in the bag filter 23 is collected (step S10). On the other hand, the solid matter is discharged from the cyclone 21 to the residue tank 35 (step S11). In the scrubber 24, the vaporized oil or water is returned to the liquid (step S12). Further, the hot water separated and drained from the scrubber 24 is purified and then drained (steps S13 to S15).
Further, the oil separated from the water is collected (step S16).

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Processing tank, 10a ... Curved bottom inner side surface, 40 ... Spherical injection space, 41 ... Superheated steam injection port, 9 ... Material feeder, 21 ... Cyclone, 24.・ ・ Scrubber.

Claims (8)

A treatment tank having an injection space for injecting supersonic superheated steam with respect to the oil-containing substance supplied from the outside, and a separating means for separating the vaporized substance and the solid substance obtained by the injection in the injection space; A condensing means for condensing the vaporized material to recover oil, and the supersonic superheated steam injection port supplies superheated steam downward from the upper part of the treatment tank in the direction of gravity, and the oil-impregnating property An oil content separation apparatus for an oil-containing substance, wherein the substance supply port supplies the oil-containing substance from the upper part of the treatment tank downward in the direction of gravity. 2. The oil content separation apparatus for oil content according to claim 1, wherein the oil content material supply port sucks and supplies the oil content material by steam ejected from the supersonic superheated steam ejection port. The oil content separation device for oil-containing substances according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the treatment tank has a curved inner surface at least at the bottom and has a discharge port at the top. The oil content separation apparatus for oil-containing substances according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the treatment tank is made spherical. An injection step of injecting supersonic superheated steam into the injection space with respect to the oil-containing substance supplied from the outside, a separation step of separating the vaporized substance and the solid substance obtained by injection in the injection space, and A condensing step of condensing the vaporized substance and recovering oil, and in the injection step, the superheated steam and the oil-containing substance are injected into the injection space from above in the direction of gravity downward. Method for oil separation of substances. The oil content separation device for oily substances according to claim 5, wherein the oily substances are sucked and supplied by superheated steam injected at the supersonic speed in the injection step. The at least bottom inner side surface of the injection space is formed in a curved surface shape, and in the injection step, the vaporized substance and the solid substance obtained by the injection in the injection space are exhausted from the upper part of the injection space. 6. A method for separating oil from an oil-containing substance according to 6. The position where the superheated steam and the oil-containing substance are injected into the injection space from the upper side to the lower side in the direction of gravity is set as a region near the center of the injection space. Oil separation method for oil-containing substances.

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