JP2001129301A - Vacuum evaporation separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide vacuum evaporation separator capable of quickly separating a liquid at high heat efficiency from a solid mater and distilling the liquid. SOLUTION: The vacuum evaporation separator comprises a vacuum container having a heating member for heating a liquid, a spraying nozzle for spraying a liquid, and a filter in the upper part and an air line for supplying accompanying air to the spraying nozzle.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a vacuum distillation apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The operation of separating a solid and a liquid can be very difficult depending on the state of the solid. For example, the case where the solid is dissolved in the liquid, the case where the solid is in a slurry state, and the like.

When a solid is dissolved, it cannot be separated by a filter. Therefore, usually, water (which may be another liquid) is removed by evaporation by distillation, and the concentration is increased to separate the precipitated solid. There are many ways. Slurry and the like can be filtered with a filter, but they are clogged immediately, so that they are also evaporated to reduce the water content.

[0004] These distillations can be carried out in water even if the liquid is water.
The temperature must be 0 ° C. If oils and fats are used, the temperature must be considerably high. Thus, distillation under reduced pressure is performed to reduce the boiling point. Even if the pressure is reduced, the latent heat of evaporation itself does not change much, so there is no change in energy, but the boiling point is lowered, so that it is easy to handle. For example, the material of the container or the like may be inexpensive, the risk may be reduced, or the like.

[0005]

However, in the conventional vacuum distillation method, the supply of heat to the liquid is difficult because the pressure is simply reduced in the liquid container and the container is heated. That is, heat is supplied from a heater or a steam pipe. However, since only the liquid in the vicinity is heated, ΔT (temperature difference) in the vicinity becomes small, and the heat transfer becomes poor. After all,
In this case, a heater more than a predetermined amount was used or a large heat transfer area was required.

[0006]

In view of the above situation,
The inventor of the present invention has completed the vacuum distillation apparatus of the present invention as a result of earnest research, and is characterized by a heating tool for heating the liquid, a spray nozzle for spraying the liquid, and a vacuum container having a filter on the upper part. There is an air line for supplying entrained air to the spray nozzle. In another aspect, the raw water tank comprises a raw water tank and a reduced pressure evaporating tank. Has a heater, a spray nozzle, a lower solids outlet and an upper gas outlet, the spray nozzle being connected to a raw water tank and having an air line for supplying entrained air.

[0007] The vacuum distillation apparatus of the present invention comprises a vessel (tower, tank, etc.).
The method of introducing the liquid to be treated into the apparatus of the present invention and the method of recovering the evaporated liquid are arbitrary. That is, the conventional method is sufficient. The liquid to be treated may be any liquid that separates a solid and a liquid, and the liquid to be evaporated may be water, oil, alcohol, or any other liquid.

The heating device of the present invention may be any device such as an electric heater, a steam pipe, a combustion waste gas pipe, etc., as long as it can supply heat. Since the pressure is reduced, the temperature may be relatively low, so that hot water in a factory may be used.

The spray nozzle sprays the liquid to be processed, and increases the surface area by making the liquid into fine mist. The driving source for spraying is compressed air. That is, compressed air is introduced into the vicinity of the nozzle, and the liquid is atomized and sprayed on the principle of atomization. The nozzle is fixed at a predetermined height with a support, the tip is higher than the liquid surface, and the rear end is fixed as if it is immersed in the liquid. The number of nozzles is arbitrary, but is usually about 3 to 10 nozzles. A nozzle filter may be provided at the suction port at the rear end of the nozzle. This is to prevent the tip of the nozzle from being clogged.

The filter is used to prevent liquid droplets and solids (solids to be separated) which do not evaporate from the sprayed liquid from being discharged from the apparatus. The filter is filled with a ceramic such as a simple mesh or Raschig ring. Any material can be used as long as it allows only gas to pass through, such as a metal fiber made of cotton having a predetermined thickness. Of course, the finer the effect, the greater the effect, but it affects the performance of the vacuum pump. That is, if the pressure loss is large, a load is applied to the vacuum pump.

Although the above is an essential requirement, a liquid stirrer may be provided for this. This stirrer has the functions of making the temperature of the liquid uniform, preventing and removing clogging of the rear end of the nozzle, and maintaining the fluidity of the liquid having thixotropic properties.

Further, a heater may be provided above (downstream) the above-mentioned filter. This is to evaporate the droplets that have passed through the filter. It also means that the entire upper part of the container is heated. Further, a heater may be provided at an intermediate portion of the container, that is, at a position where the liquid is sprayed.

As an example of the downstream side of the vacuum distillation apparatus of the present invention, a cooling step for cooling the evaporated components, and usually, a vacuum pump is used to suck the vapor from the downstream side of the cooling step. Finally,
What is necessary is just to have a collection tank for collecting the liquid liquefied in the cooling step.

As another embodiment of the present invention, there is a type in which raw water storage and evaporation are performed in separate containers. In principle, it is the same as the single tower type.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. FIG. 1 shows a vacuum distillation apparatus 1 of the present invention.
FIG. An electric heater 3 is provided at the bottom of the container main body 2, a filter 4 is provided at the top, and a second heater 5 is provided at the top. A support 6 that can penetrate vertically is fixed near the middle of the container, and a stirrer 7 and an injection nozzle 8 are attached to the support 6. A compressed air pipe 9 is connected to the injection nozzle 8 from a compressor 10. Below the injection nozzle 8, a pipe is provided extending to near the container bottom.

The vessel is provided with a pressure sensor 11 and a temperature sensor 12, which are used for operation management. Further, a temperature sensor 12 and a moisture meter 13 are provided on the upper part of the container. Further, a cooling device (condenser) 14 is mounted on the outlet side of the device of the present invention, so that cooling water is circulated.

On the downstream side of the cooling device, the side 1 on which the liquid falls 1
5 and a vacuum pump 16 side. A vacuum pump is provided downstream of the condenser so that the evaporated gas does not reach the vacuum pump. The side from which the liquid falls may be divided into water and oil.

In operation of the present apparatus, first, water to be treated (sewage containing solids) is introduced from a sewage pump 17 to a sewage nozzle 18 into a container body. The introduction amount is preferably slightly below the support 6 described above. Then, the pressure is reduced by the vacuum pump 16 and heated by the heater 3. The temperature is made uniform by the stirrer 7, and the upper second heater 5 also reaches a predetermined temperature. Then, the liquid is sprayed by air from the air compressor 10, and the atomized liquid evaporates and is sucked to the vacuum pump side. The solids that do not evaporate are not sprayed, or fall because they do not evaporate even if they are sprayed, or are absorbed by the filter 4.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. Compared to the example of FIG. 1, the main body is divided into two parts, a raw water tank and a reduced pressure evaporation tank. Both tanks are provided with a heater 5. Although not shown in the figure, a compressed air pipe 9 is connected to the compressor 10 and jets air from the nozzle 8. From the nozzle 8, a liquid component, a solid component, and air are sprayed together, and the liquid component evaporates due to ambient heat and is sucked together with the air. It is the same as FIG. 1 that a filter may be provided on the upper part so as not to suck solids.

A screw conveyor is provided below the reduced-pressure evaporating tank 20 for periodically or continuously extracting solids. Of course, even a mere opening with a door,
A belt conveyor may be used.

[0021]

The present invention described in detail above has the following effects. (1) In the apparatus of the present invention, the liquid to be removed by evaporation is sprayed and evaporated, so that the efficiency is very high and the evaporation rate is high. (2) Since the mist is evaporated, the supply of heat is smooth and there is no bias. (3) Almost no bumping or high temperature.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one example of a reduced pressure evaporative separation device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the reduced pressure evaporative separation device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 vacuum distillation apparatus of the present invention 2 container body 3 heater 4 filter 5 second heater 6 support 7 stirrer 8 injection nozzle 9 compressed air pipe 10 compressor 11 pressure sensor 12 temperature sensor 13 moisture meter 14 cooling device 15 side from which liquid falls 16 Vacuum pump 17 Sewage pump 18 Sewage nozzle 19 Raw water tank 20 Vacuum evaporation tank

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yasuhiro Yamada 2-11-2 Okuni, Naniwa-ku, Osaka F-term (reference) 4D076 AA22 AA24 BA24 BB13 CA11 CD12 CD22 CD35 DA10 DA14 DA22 DA25 DA28 EA02X EA12X EA14X HA03

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A reduced pressure evaporator comprising: a heating device for heating a liquid; a spray nozzle for spraying the liquid; and a decompression container having a filter on an upper portion, the air line supplying an entrained air to the spray nozzle. Separation device. 2. The vacuum distillation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a heater is provided above the liquid stirrer and the filter. 3. A raw water tank and a reduced-pressure evaporation tank, wherein the raw water tank is provided with a stirrer and a heater, and the reduced-pressure evaporation tank is provided with a heater, a spray nozzle, a lower solid fraction outlet and an upper gas outlet. Wherein the spray nozzle is connected to a raw water tank and has an air line for supplying entrained air. 4. The reduced-pressure evaporative separator according to claim 3, wherein a filter is provided in front of the gas outlet of the reduced-pressure evaporator.