JP2012095613A - Combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combine harvester discharging waste culms from a discharge port by uniformly dispersing them.SOLUTION: A frame body 26 mounted over left and right threshing frame bodies 25 is installed on the rear end part of a threshing chamber, and a waste-dispersing apparatus 41 is attached to the frame body 26 in a shape facing to the discharge port. The waste-dispersing apparatus 41 has three guide members 42, 42and 42arranged along the lower side of a threshing cylinder 17, and the guide members 42, 42and 42are formed to bring their lengths to be longer downward in the rotational direction R of the threshing cylinder. In addition, the guide members 42, 42and 42are inclining from upside toward downside of the rotational direction and an inclination angle of the same is brought to be smaller downward in the rotational direction R of the threshing cylinder. Therefore, the waste culms discharged from the threshing chamber are dispersed by contacting to the guide members 42, 42and 42of the waste-dispersing apparatus 41 and fall down onto the discharge port.

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine that throws a harvested cereal into a handling room and threshs it, and more particularly to a discharge structure that discharges the cereal after threshing.

  Generally, what is called a general purpose combine which performs threshing together with the harvested corn straw is known as a combine that harvests and thresh various grains such as rice, wheat, and soybean (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In such a combine, the cereal is rotated together with the handling cylinder in the handling chamber, and the rotated cereal is spirally provided on the handling cylinder or the wall of the handling chamber from the entrance side of the handling chamber. It is conveyed toward the exit side. For this reason, even when the threshing grains after the threshing are discharged from the handling chamber to the discharge port, this draining force exerts an inertial force in the rotation direction of the handling cylinder and is biased toward the lower side in the rotation direction. There was a problem of being discharged out of the machine through the discharge port.

  Therefore, conventionally, a spreader that finely discharges waste and discharges it from the discharge port to the outside of the machine is provided below the handling chamber, and a plurality of diffusion plates are arranged in parallel at a predetermined pitch on the downstream side of the spreader. Among these diffusion plates, a combine has been devised in which the angle of the diffusion plate at the end can be adjusted independently of the other diffusion plates and discharged to the outside in a form in which the waste is uniformly dispersed (for example, , See Patent Document 2).

JP 2009-34016 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-112640

  By the way, the general-purpose combine described above can be used efficiently in paddy field management where multiple crops are cultivated in a complex manner. However, the size of the fuselage was inevitably larger than that of a self-removing combine because of the configuration in which the whole cereal was thrown into the handling room.

  On the other hand, paddy field management that cultivates the above-mentioned multiple grains is also carried out in hilly and mountainous areas where it is difficult to work with large agricultural machines. Therefore, it is strongly desired to make a general-purpose combine compact.

  Certainly, if a spreader is mounted as described in Patent Document 2 and a diffusion plate as described above is provided on the downstream side of the spreader, waste such as waste can be uniformly dispersed and discharged. Since this diffusion plate is disposed on the downstream end side of the discharge port, it becomes a lump from the handling chamber in the case of a combine without a spreader attached, regardless of whether the spreader is finely cut by a spreader. There is a possibility that the discharged waste may be clogged with the diffusion plate.

  Therefore, it is necessary to install the diffuser plate in a set with a spreader.The size of the fuselage increases by the amount of the spreader, so it is difficult to adopt it in a compact combine that is supposed to be used in mountainous areas. there were.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the combine which solved the said subject by providing the waste dispersion | distribution apparatus which contact | abuts a grain candy at the exit part of a handling chamber.

The present invention includes a pre-processing unit (5) for cutting cereals, a handling room (15) into which the whole cereals harvested by the pre-processing unit (5) are placed, and rotating the cereals in the handling chamber. A handling cylinder (17) that is transported to the rear of the machine body, and a discharge port (C) that discharges the waste after threshing in the handling room (15) to the outside of the machine. Is opened so that the lower part of the rear part faces the discharge port (C), and discharges the waste discharged to the cereal transfer terminal (26) of the handling chamber (15) to the discharge port (C). In the combine (1) having the outlet part (D),
A waste disperser (41) that extends from the cereal conveyance end of the handling chamber (15) toward the rear of the machine body and abuts with the waste that rotates together with the handling cylinder (17) at the outlet (D). )
It is characterized by that.

More specifically, the scrap dispersion device (41) has a plurality of guide members (42 ₁ , 42 ₂ , 42 ₃ ) that abut against the waste along the lower portion of the handling cylinder (17),
The length of the guide member (42 ₁ , 42 ₂ , 42 ₃ ) is formed so as to become longer from the upper side to the lower side in the rotational direction (R) of the handling cylinder (17) (l ₁ <l ₂ < l ₃ ).

Further, the guide member (42 ₁ , 42 ₂ , 42 ₃ ) is formed so as to be inclined from the upper side to the lower side in the rotational direction of the handling cylinder (17), and the inclination angle (α) thereof is determined. It is preferable that the guide member on the lower side in the rotational direction is smaller than the guide member on the upper side in the rotational direction of the trunk (α ₁ > α ₂ > α ₃ ).

  In addition, although the code | symbol etc. in a parenthesis is for contrast with drawing, it does not have any influence on a claim by this.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the waste that has been threshed / conveyed while rotating in the handling chamber comes into contact with the waste dispersion device at the outlet of the handling chamber, and a part of the waste is discharged on the upper side in the barrel rotation direction. Since it falls to the outlet, it is combined with the waste that falls to the outlet on the lower side of the handling cylinder rotation direction of the handling chamber due to the inertial force of the rotation chamber. Can be discharged. Further, since the waste can be discharged to the discharge port in a dispersed form with a simple configuration, it can contribute to the downsizing of the combine and can be manufactured at a low cost.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, the scrap dispersion device is formed from a plurality of guide members, and the length of the guide member on the upper side in the barrel rotating direction is shorter than the guide member on the lower side in the barrel rotating direction. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the protrusion resistance of the guide member in the initial contact with the waste, which is too large, and the waste from being clogged at the exit portion. In addition, by increasing the length of the guide member toward the lower side of the rotation direction and increasing the amount of contact between the waste and the guide member, the rotational force of the waste is reduced within a range where the waste is not clogged. And the waste drops from the outlet to the outlet in a more homogeneously distributed manner.

  According to the invention of claim 3, by configuring the guide member to incline from the upper side toward the lower side in the handling cylinder rotation direction, the waste can be smoothly moved in the transport direction and the rotation direction, Therefore, it is possible to prevent clogging of the waste at the outlet of the handling chamber. In addition, at the exit of the handling chamber where waste tends to be discharged from the lower side in the barrel rotation direction due to inertial force, the inclination angle of these guide members is made smaller toward the lower side in the barrel rotation direction, thereby reducing waste more than necessary. The movement in the rotation direction is not hindered, the clogging of the waste at the outlet can be prevented, and the number of wastes falling to the discharge port on the upper side in the rotation direction of the barrel can be increased. And can be discharged to the discharge port in a form in which the waste is uniformly dispersed.

The side view of the combine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the threshing, selection, and discharge | emission structure of the combine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The rear view of the combine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The principal part enlarged view which shows the discharge port of the combine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) Side view of the waste dispersion device according to the embodiment of the present invention, (b) a plan view of FIG. 5 (a) showing the length relationship of the guide member, and (c) a diagram showing the relationship of the inclination angle of the guide member. The top view of 5 (a), (d) The rear view of FIG. 5 (a).

[Schematic configuration of combine]
Hereinafter, the general-purpose combine 1 as a combine which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 1, the general-purpose combine 1 has a pre-processing unit 5 for cutting grain cereals in the field in front of the machine body 3 supported by the left and right crawler travel devices 2, and the pre-processing unit. On the side of 5 is provided a driving operation unit 6 on which an operator sits and performs a traveling operation. In addition, a threshing unit 7 for threshing the grain from the harvested cedar is provided on the rear side of the pretreatment unit 5, and the threshed grain is provided below the threshing unit 7. A sorting chamber 9 for sorting a mixture of foreign substances is provided.

  The pre-processing unit 5 is provided with a divider 10 for weeding cereals in the field, a reciprocating cutting tooth 11 for cutting the cereals weeded by the divider 10, and a rear side of the cutting tooth 11. A bucket-shaped platform 12 and a reel 13 disposed above the divider 10 and the cutting teeth 11 and scraping the cereal into the rear side of the machine body. The reel 13 scrapes the platform 12 into the platform 12. It is comprised so that the said cutting teeth 11 may cut the cereal which was laid.

  The pretreatment unit 5 includes a feeder 16 that conveys the cereal grains harvested in the platform 12 to the handling chamber 15 of the threshing unit 7, and the terminal portion of the feeder 16 is the starting end of the handling chamber 15. It is formed so as to face the inlet (inlet part) 15a provided in the section, and is configured to input the harvested grain together with the harvested grain into the handling chamber (see also FIG. 2).

  On the other hand, the threshing part 7 is supported in the handling chamber 15 into which the whole cereal harvested by the pre-processing part 5 is put, and is rotatably supported in the handling chamber 15, and the guide plate 17 a spirally on the outer peripheral surface thereof. The guide plate 17 is provided with a plurality of protruding handle teeth 17b for hooking the cereal and rotating together with the handle cylinder 17. Further, the handling chamber 15 is formed by a semi-cylindrical receiving net 19 whose lower side (lower portion of the handling drum 17) is along the outer periphery of the handling drum 17. Is rotated together with the handle cylinder 17 by the handle teeth 17b, and rubbed against the receiving net 19 while being conveyed to the rear side of the machine body by the guide plate 17a.

  The sorting chamber 9 for sorting the mixture of grains and contaminants leaking from the receiving net 19 includes an oscillation sorting body 20 disposed on the lower side of the receiving net 19 and a front of the oscillation sorting body 20. And a tang fan 21 for raising a sorting wind from the lower part of the head toward the upper part of the rear part, and the mixture of the grains and contaminants leaked onto the rocking sorter 20 is swung. The specific gravity is selected (sieving) by swinging the body 20 back and forth, and the wind is selected by the sorting air from the Kara fan 21 and the grain separated from the foreign matter is provided at the bottom of the sorting chamber 9. It is comprised so that it may collect | recover from A to a Glen tank (refer FIG.1 and FIG.3). Further, the sorting room 9 is provided with a second port B on the rear side of the machine body of the first port A, and the grains recovered from the second port B are still mixed with many foreign substances. Since there is a possibility, it recirculates in the sorting chamber 9 and sorts again.

[Exhaust structure of waste]
Next, the drainage structure of the cereal mash after being threshed by the threshing unit 7 (hereinafter referred to as “removal”) will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, left and right threshing frame bodies 25 that support the handling chamber 15 are erected from the body frame 23 at the rear part of the body 3, and between these left and right threshing frame bodies 25. The arc-shaped frame body 26 is constructed. A rear end portion of the receiving net 19 is attached to the frame body 26 from the front side of the machine body, and the guide plate 17a of the handling cylinder 17 is finished on the upper side of the frame body 26. It is the end position.

  The threshing frame 25 is provided with a rear plate 27 that rotatably supports the handling cylinder 17 on the rear side of the frame body 26, and the space between the frame body 26 and the rear plate 27 is the machine. An outlet D of the handling chamber 15 is formed so as to face the discharge port C communicating with the outside, and discharges the waste that has been transported to the transport terminal of the cereal. That is, the lower rear portion of the handling chamber 15 is opened to form the outlet portion D, and the discharge port C is disposed below the outlet portion D.

  Specifically, the discharge port C includes a skirt-like waste-flow plate 29 that is inclined toward the rear of the machine body, a rear wall 20a of the swinging sorter 20 that swings in the longitudinal direction of the machine body, and the waste-flow plate 29. A rubber plate 30 that covers the gap between them, and a dust cover 31 that can be freely opened and closed to cover the upper part of the waste plate 29, and the waste discharged from the outlet D of the handling chamber 15 is the rubber. It flows along the inclination on the plate 30 or the waste plate 29, and is configured to be discharged from the rear of the machine body 3 to the outside of the machine.

[Configuration of waste dispersion mechanism]
Next, the waste dispersion mechanism 40 for dispersing waste (for example, waste and impurities) from the discharge port C and discharging it to the field will be described. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the waste dispersion mechanism 40 is connected to the rear side of the machine body (the cereal conveyance end part) 26, which is the terminal part to which the cereals are conveyed in the handling chamber 15, in the conveying direction of the cereals. F) A waste dispersion device 41 extending toward the body F), and a partition plate 45 that guides the waste discharged from the outlet D toward the outside of the machine body to the inside of the machine body through the discharge port C. It is configured.

The scrap disperser 41 is disposed so as to face the discharge port C at the outlet D, and a plurality of guide members 42 ₁ , 42 ₂ , and 42 ₃ that come into contact with the waste at the outlet D, and these Guide members _{42 1,} 42 2, and an arc-shaped mounting plate 43 removably attached to the frame member 26 to 42 ₃ by mounting bolts 44.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the guide members 42 ₁ , 42 ₂ , and 42 ₃ include an attachment portion 42 a that is fixed to the attachment plate 43, and a conveying direction of the culm from the attachment plate 43 (rear direction of the machine body). The scrap disperser 41 has _three guide members 42 ₁ , 42 ₂ , and 423 at predetermined intervals. It is disposed along the lower portion of the trunk 17.

These three guide members 42 _1, 42 _2, 42 _3, in the lower side of the axial center P of the threshing drum 17, are arranged offset to the rotating direction upstream side of the threshing drum 17, the rotational direction R the most upstream side first guide member 42 ₁ disposed in the center of the axis P of the threshing drum 17 which is rotating towards the fuselage interior (the rear view clockwise), inboard of the frame body 26 of the When divided into a part and an outer part of the machine body by an imaginary line V, it is disposed at the upstream position as much as possible on the upper side in the rotational direction of the handling cylinder 17 (inner body side).

In other words, as shown in FIG. 3, the first guide member 42 ₁ is the upper end position where the Hai稈that rotates around and brought together with the threshing drum 17 and is discharged from the outlet portion D toward the outlet C The rear plate 27 is disposed at a position close to the lower edge 27a. The third guide member 42 ₃ disposed on the most downstream side of the threshing drum rotary direction R, together are disposed in the intermediate position of the body inside and aircraft outside of the frame body 26, the second guide member 42 ₂ is disposed at an intermediate position of the first guide member 42 _first and the third guide member 42 _3.

Further, the first to third guide members 42 ₁ , 42 ₂ , and 42 ₃ are different from each other in the lengths l ₁ , l ₂ , and l ₃ of the extending portion 42b as a contact portion that comes into contact with the drainage. The guide member on the lower side in the rotation direction of the handling cylinder 17 is longer than the guide member on the upper side (l ₁ <l ₂ <l ₃ ). Specifically, the length l _{1 of} the first guide member 42 ₁ is the shortest, and the second guide member 42 ₂ and the third guide member 42 ₃ and their lengths l ₂ and l ₃ become longer toward the downstream side of the rotation. It has become.

Also, extended portion 42b of the guide member _{42 1,} 42 2, 42 ₃ is formed to be inclined toward the downstream side from the rotation direction R the upstream side of the threshing drum 17, the inclination angle alpha _1, alpha _2, alpha ₃ becomes smaller as the guide member in the rotation direction downstream side from the rotating direction upstream side of the guide member of the threshing drum _{17 (α 1> α 2>} α 3). Specifically, the axis P and (boundary portion of the mounting portion 42a and the extending portion 42b) first to third guide members _{42 1,} 42 2, 42 ₃ of the base portion 42c of the extended portion 42b of the threshing drum 17 and and each virtual line _{m 1,} m 2, _{m 3} connecting, the guide members _{42 1,} 42 2, 42 the inclination angle alpha ₁ is the angle between the _third extending portion 42b, alpha _2, alpha ₃ is the first guide member 42 ₁ is the largest, it is smaller and the second guide member 42 _2, third guide member 42 _3.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the partition plate 45 attached to the scrap-off plate 29 on the lower side of the above-described scrap dispersion device 41 is provided so as to be inclined obliquely from the outside of the body toward the inside of the body. The waste that falls from the exit D of the handling chamber 15 toward the outside of the machine body that may be on the uncut ground side is guided to the inside of the machine body that is on the already-cut ground side. Yes.

  Next, the operation of the combine according to this embodiment will be described. Before starting the harvesting work, the worker first loosens the knob bolt 46 to move the dust cover 31 from the storage position (position shown in FIG. 1) to the work position (position shown in FIG. 2), and then gets into the driving operation unit 6. Start the harvesting operation. When the harvesting operation is started, the operator cuts the cereal with the pre-processing unit 5 while traveling on the field with the combine 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the cereals harvested by the pretreatment unit 5 are fed into the handling chamber 15 through the feeder 15 a by the feeder 16, hooked on the handling teeth 17 b, rotated with the handling cylinder 17, and guided. While being conveyed to the rear side of the machine body by the plate 17a, it is rubbed by the receiving net 19 and threshed.

  And when it reaches the cereal conveyance termination | terminus part 26 of the handling chamber 15, since the pestle rotates with the handling cylinder 17, it will penetrate | invade into the exit part D of the handling chamber 15 from the rotation direction upper side, and will be rejected. Falls to a discharge port C that discharges to the outside of the machine.

At this time, the threshed culm discharged from the outlet part D is finely divided by teeth, chopped teeth, etc. in the handling chamber 15 rather than in the state of the inlet part 15a, and is rotated and conveyed. It has a mass within the are, the inner contact from debris balancer 41 and ₁ first guide member 42 in order to fall into the outlet C with its mass was loosened gradually.

More particularly, Hai稈massive entering the outlet portion D is the guide member 42 1 inclined along the threshing drum rotary direction _R, 42 _2, 42 ₃ is guided in the conveying direction of the culms while rotating While moving to F, it is bounced off toward the discharge port C by the end teeth 17 c provided at the end portion of the handling cylinder 17.

Then, the guide member 42 _1, 42 _2, 42 ₃ and Hai稈a rotational force is weakened by abutting, while falling to the outlet port C at the upstream side of the threshing drum rotary direction R, the end tooth 17c or is splashed in the threshing drum rotation direction R by, those for the first to third guide members 42 _1, 42 _2, 42 ₃ and Hai稈that or not contact, outlet C from threshing drum rotation direction downstream side , And uniformly dispersed in the discharge port C to discharge the waste.

  Then, the waste that has fallen to the discharge port C is guided by the partition plate 45 to the center side of the machine body where the culm is reliably harvested and becomes the already-harvested side in the rotary mowing that harvests the outer periphery of the field. It slides on the slope of the scrap throwing plate 29 and is discharged out of the machine.

  By configuring the general-purpose combine 1 as described above, the waste dispersion device 41 is provided at the outlet D of the handling chamber 15, and the waste dispersion device 41 is brought into contact with the waste that moves in the rotation direction R of the handling cylinder 17. Thus, the inertial force (rotational force) in the rotational direction R of the waste can be weakened. As a result, the waste with reduced inertial force falls from the upper side in the rotational direction to the discharge port C and is discharged out of the machine in an evenly distributed form. Work such as tillage can be carried out smoothly.

Further, at the exit portion D of the threshing chamber 15, the guide member 42 1 of the waste dispersion device _42, 42 _2, 42 ₃ by a simple structure that are brought into contact with Hai稈, machine exhaust culms in homogeneously dispersed form Since it can be discharged to the outside, the cost can be reduced, and it is not necessary to attach a spreader. Therefore, the general purpose combine 1 can be downsized.

  In other words, even in a small general-purpose combiner 1 that directly discharges waste from the handling chamber 15 to the discharge port C, the waste can be dispersed and discharged. In addition, since the scrap dispersion device 41 is configured to be detachable, the parts can be shared with the spreader-mounted general-purpose combiner and the maintainability can be improved.

Further, the guide member 42 _1, 42 _{2, 42. 3,} the formed to be longer enough becomes the downstream side from the rotating direction upstream side of the threshing drum 17, toward the downstream side from the rotation upstream side of the threshing drum 17 inclined The inclination angle α is made smaller toward the guide member on the lower side in the rotational direction than the guide member on the upper side in the rotational direction of the handling cylinder 17, so that the body is moved while moving the waste in the rotational direction R of the handling cylinder. It can be smoothly transported to the rear side.

Further, as the rotation direction of the upstream side guide member _{42 1,} 42 2, 42 _3, short and the inclination angle α is large, the guide members _{42 1,} 42 2, 42 ₃ of the length and the inclination angle α gradually Combined with the change, it is possible to reduce the protrusion resistance at the initial contact between the guide members 42 ₁ , 42 ₂ , and 42 ₃ and the waste (exhaust) and to gradually increase the dispersion action. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the waste from being clogged at the outlet portion D.

Furthermore, the longest and the third guide member 42 ₃ on the most downstream side of the threshing drum rotary direction R, since the inclination angle alpha ₃ is smaller, the more exhaust culm, the guide member _{42 1,} 42 2, 42 ₃ and can be dropped to the discharge port C in a dispersed state.

In the present embodiment, scrap balancer 41, the guide members _{42 1,} 42 2, 42 ₃ is has a plurality of, the guide member is not necessarily plural. Further, the guide member _{42 1,} 42 2, 42 ₃ as in this embodiment to form a rod, Hai稈While it is preferable not easily tangle in the guide member _{42 1,} 42 2, 42 _3, and a plate-like shape Alternatively, the plate may be inclined to guide the waste to the center side of the machine body (the already cut ground side). That is, the partition plate 45 and the waste dispersion device 41 may be integrally formed. Further, the scrap disperser 41 may be a net-like member having irregularities, or any other member as long as it is brought into contact with the waste and dropped into the discharge port C.

Further, the scrap dispersion device 41 may be provided at any position of the frame body 26 as long as there is a portion that comes into contact with the waste at least on the upper side in the handling cylinder rotation direction. Further, in the present embodiment, configured as the guide member _{42 1,} 42 2, 42 is ₃ the entire extended portion 42b is inclined in the threshing drum rotary direction R, tilting the extending portion 42b from the tip portion Of course it is good.

1 Combine 5 preprocessing section 15 threshing chamber 17 thresher 41 wastes balancer _{42 1,} 42 2, 42 ₃ the guide member C outlet D outlet

Claims (3)

A pre-processing unit that cuts the cereals, a handling chamber into which the whole cereals harvested by the pre-processing unit are input, a handling cylinder that rotates the cereals in the handling chamber and conveys them to the rear of the machine, and the handling A discharge port that discharges the waste after threshing in the chamber to the outside of the machine, and the handling chamber opens so that the lower part of the handling chamber faces the discharge port, In the combine having an outlet for discharging the waste conveyed to the outlet to the outlet,
A waste dispersion device that extends toward the rear of the fuselage from the cereal conveyance end of the handling chamber, and that comes into contact with the waste that rotates together with the handling cylinder at the outlet,
Combine that is characterized by that. The scrap disperser has a plurality of guide members that abut against the waste along the lower portion of the handling cylinder,
The length of the guide member is formed so as to increase from the upper side to the lower side in the rotation direction of the handling cylinder,
The combine according to claim 1. The guide member is formed so as to be inclined from the upper side to the lower side in the rotation direction of the handling cylinder, and the inclination angle of the guide on the lower side in the rotation direction from the guide member on the upper side in the rotation direction of the handling cylinder. The smaller the material,
The combine according to claim 2.

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