JP2020120611A - Universal combine threshing device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a universal combine threshing device in which the grain yield is increased without the occurrence of clogging by adjusting a feed rate of the threshed grain fed to the rear through the inside of a threshing chamber and dust discharge chamber according to an amount of supplied reaped grain culm.SOLUTION: A universal combine threshing device is provided in which a threshing cylinder 7 is pivotally installed into a threshing chamber 8 and multiple dust-sending plates 11 with guide surfaces inclined toward the rear are provided in an inner wall of the threshing chamber 8, and a dust discharge processing chamber 18 pivotally installing a dust discharge processing body 17 is juxtaposed in the rear side of the threshing chamber 8. In the threshing device, the back tilt angle of the guide surface of a front dust-sending plate 11a provided in the front half portion of the threshing chamber 8 and a rear dust-sending plate 11b provided in the rear half portion can be changed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to a general-purpose combine threshing device.

A general-purpose combine is equipped with a mowing device equipped with a take-up reel for scraping grain culm on the front side of a vehicle body equipped with a traveling device, and on the upper side of the vehicle body, the whole amount of the grain culm cut by the reaper is thrown in to thresh. It is known as a configuration provided with a threshing device for processing.

JP, 2005-104321, A

Since the threshing device of a general-purpose combine harvests a large amount of culms into the threshing device and separates the grains while crushing them and stores them in the Glen tank, the grains must be efficiently extracted from many threshed products.

For this reason, a dust chamber for separating the grain from the grain shavings is provided on the rear side of the handling chamber for crushing the grain with the grain and threshing. If the amount of culms is too large, hard culms will stay in the handling chamber and become apt to become clogged, or a large amount of straw waste will be supplied to the dust chamber and the grains will be discharged outside the machine with insufficient grain separation. Then, there is a problem that the yield of the grain is reduced.

The present invention adjusts the feed rate of the threshing material to be sent rearward through the handling chamber and the dust-exhausting chamber according to the amount of cut culm to be supplied so as to increase the yield of grains without causing clogging. It is an object to provide a threshing device for a general-purpose combine harvester.

The problems of the present invention described above are solved by the following technical means.

According to the invention of claim 1, the handling cylinder 7 is mounted on the handling chamber 8 and the inner wall of the handling chamber 8 is provided with a plurality of dust-sending plates 11 whose guide surfaces are inclined rearward. In a threshing device having a dust treatment chamber 18 in which a dust treatment cylinder 17 is mounted on a part thereof, a guide surface of a front dust delivery plate 11a provided in the first half of the handling chamber 8 and a rear dust delivery plate 11b provided in the second half of the treatment chamber 8 is provided. The threshing device for a general-purpose combine is characterized in that the rearward inclination angle can be changed.

The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that the rear inclination angle of the guide surface of the front dust-feeding plate 11a can be changed and the rear inclination angle of the guide surface of the rear dust-feeding plate 11b is fixed. It is a general-purpose combine threshing device.

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the rear inclination angle of the guide surface of the front dust-feeding plate 11a is fixed and the rear inclination angle of the guide surface of the rear dust-feeding plate 11b can be changed. It is a general-purpose combine threshing device.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the threshing device for a general-purpose combine according to the first aspect is characterized in that both the rear inclination angles of the guide surfaces of the front dust sending plate 11a and the rear dust sending plate 11b can be changed.

According to the invention of claim 5, the grain culm amount sensor 12 is provided at the grain culm input port 109 of the handling room 8, and the grain dust amount detected by the grain culm amount sensor 12 is used for the front dust feeding plate 11a and the rear dust feeding plate 11b. The threshing device for a general-purpose combine according to claim 1, wherein the rearward inclination angle of the guide surface is controlled to be changed.

In the invention of claim 1, the grain culm supplied to the handling chamber 8 is subjected to the handling action of the handling cylinder 7 and the feeding action to the rear by the guide surface inclined rearward of the front dust-feeding plate 11a and the rear dust-feeding plate 11b. However, in the latter half of the handling chamber 8, a part of the straw waste is sent to the dust treatment chamber 18 to promote the separation of grains. When there are a lot of hard culm scraps, by increasing the rearward inclination of the guide surface of the front dust-delivery plate 11a provided in the front half of the handling chamber 8, the scraps stagnation in the front half of the handling chamber 8 are removed. When there is a small amount of straw debris such as leaves, by increasing the rearward inclination of the guide surface of the rear dust-delivery plate 11b provided in the latter half of the handling chamber 8, the stray debris remaining in the latter half of the handling chamber 8 is removed. Efficient threshing can be performed with less amount.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the threshing treatment efficiency can be satisfactorily adjusted while adjusting the backward feeding of the culm scraps in the front half of the handling chamber 8 depending on the amount of grain culms supplied to the handling chamber 8.

According to the invention of claim 3, the threshing treatment efficiency can be favorably adjusted while adjusting the backward feeding of the straw waste in the latter half of the handling room 8 depending on the amount of the straw waste generated in the handling room 8.

According to the invention of claim 4, the backward feeding action depending on the amount of culm waste and straw dust generated in the handling chamber 8 is well balanced by changing the rear inclination angle of the front dust transport plate 11a and the rear dust transport plate 11b. By adjusting, threshing with less grain loss can be performed.

In the invention of claim 5, the grain culm amount sensor 12 detects the amount of grain culm supplied to the handling chamber 8 and automatically changes the rear inclination angle of the guide surfaces of the front dust transport plate 11a and the rear dust transport plate 11b. Therefore, there is no need for operator adjustment work, which facilitates the harvesting work of general-purpose combine harvesters.

It is a right view of a general-purpose combine. It is a plane sectional view of a threshing device. It is a side sectional view of a threshing device. It is an expanded plane sectional view of a threshing device. It is an expanded back sectional view of a threshing device.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

(Airframe configuration of general-purpose combine)
As shown in FIG. 1, a raising/lowering reaping device 3 is provided on the front side of a vehicle body 1 provided with a traveling device 2 having a crawler, a threshing device 4 is mounted on the upper side of the vehicle body 1, and a right side of the threshing device 4 is provided. A hopper-type grain storage device G is installed in.

(Structure of reaper)
The mowing device 3 has a bucket frame 101 in which a scraping auger 100 is rotatably mounted, a grass body 102 attached to the front ends of the left and right side walls thereof, and a cutting blade device 103 attached to the front end of the bottom thereof. A base portion of a support frame 105, which supports a take-up reel 104 having a large number of tines so as to be able to move up and down, is pivotally supported on the upper end portion so as to be vertically rotatable. Further, a front end portion of a transfer conveyor 108 communicating with the threshing device 4 is connected to a rear portion of the bucket frame 101.

(Structure of control section)
Further, on the rear side of the reaping device 3, there is provided a control section P including a cockpit, a main gear shift lever, a sub gear shift lever, a throttle lever, and a steering lever (all not shown). An engine is mounted below the cockpit.

(Structure of threshing device)
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the upper part of the threshing device 4, there is provided a handling chamber 8 in which the handling barrel 7 is mounted over the front wall 106 and the rear wall 107, and along the lower half of the handling barrel 7. The receiving net 9 formed in a lattice shape is stretched. Reference numeral 10 denotes a handling barrel cover that covers the upper portion of the handling chamber 8, and is attached so as to be capable of swinging and opening and closing about an axis parallel to the axis of the handling barrel 7.

This handling cylinder cover 10 has a two-layer structure of upper and lower plates, and the cross-sectional shape of the lower plate 10a is formed in an arc shape along the tip rotation locus of the handling teeth 112 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the handling cylinder 7. Has been done.

Further, a plurality of dust sending plates 11 are provided on the lower surface of the plate body 10a at intervals in the front-rear direction. The dust-discharging plate 11 has a guide surface inclined toward the rear in the rotational direction with respect to the axial direction of the handling chamber 8, and a grain culm that is hooked on the handling teeth 112 by the rotation of the handling barrel 7 and is rotated together with it. It is installed with a feed angle so that it can be guided backwards.

As shown in FIG. 4, the dust-discharging plate 11 is composed of four front dust-discharging plates 11a provided in the front half of the handling chamber 8 and three rear dust-discharging plates 11b provided in the latter half of the handling chamber 8 and is pivoted to the plate body 10a. The rear tilt angle αa of the guide surfaces of the four front dust-feeding plates 11a can be integrally changed, and the rear tilt angle αb of the guide surfaces of the three front dust-feeding plates 11b can be integrally changed by the electric motor. I have to.

The grain culm amount sensor 12 is pivotally supported at the grain culm input port 109 of the handling room 8, and the grain culm amount is rotated by the supplied grain culm to detect the grain culm amount. Automatic control is performed so as to change the rear inclination angle αa and the rear inclination angle αb of the guide surfaces of the plate 11a and the rear dust transport plate 11b.

That is, when the grain culm to be cut is long culm and the amount of culm is large, the rear inclination angle αa of the guide surface of the front dust-feeding plate 11a is tilted backward to facilitate feeding backward, and the grain culm is short culm and straw waste. When the amount is large, the rear inclination angle αb of the guide surface of the rear dust-feeding plate 11b is tilted backward to facilitate the backward feeding so that the handling chamber 8 is not clogged.

In addition, the height of the guide surface of the front dust sending plate 11a and the height of the guide surface of the rear dust sending plate 11b are made different so that the height of the front dust sending plate 11a is made higher than the height of the rear dust sending plate 11b. You can lower it.

In the lower part of the front wall 106 described above, a grain culm input port 109 that communicates the rear end of the conveyor 108 is formed, and a tapered grain culm is provided from this grain stalk input port 109 toward the rear side of the handling chamber 8. The guide plate 110 is installed, and the receiving net 9 is provided from the rear end of the grain culm guide plate 110 to the rear wall 107.

Therefore, in the above-described handling cylinder 7, a large number of rod-shaped handling teeth 112 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical rotating body 111 formed in a cylindrical shape or a polygonal shape.

That is, the bases of a large number of rod-shaped handle teeth 112 are welded at predetermined intervals on a strip-shaped steel plate 113 whose cross-sectional shape is bent in a V shape, and the steel plate 113 is placed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 111. Is detachably attached by a bolt 114.

Instead of the rod-shaped handle teeth 112 described above, a spiral body may be wound around the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 111. Further, the handle tooth 112 is generally in the shape of a round bar, but may be in the shape of a band iron.

Further, a frustoconical portion 116 around which a scraping spiral 115 for scraping the grain culm supplied from the transport conveyor 108 is wound around is integrated with the front end of the rotating body 111.

As shown in FIG. 5, at the position corresponding to the communication port R of the dust handling chamber 18 of the handling cylinder 7, the communication port R is laid on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 111 so as to lie behind the handling tooth 112 in the rear direction. One plate 117 having the same width as or slightly narrower than the width is provided, and a part of the threshing material is sent to the dust processing chamber 18.

The dust processing chamber 18 is provided in parallel with the latter half of the handling chamber 8, and the dust processing chamber 18 has a drive shaft (rotary shaft of the second processing cylinder) that rotates in the opposite direction to the handling cylinder 7. The processing cylinder 17 is pivotally supported. A continuous spiral plate 120 is wound around the outer peripheral portion of the dust processing cylinder 17, and a grid-like dust receiving net 27 is provided so as to surround the left lower quadrant.

A communication port is provided in which the lateral side portion of the handling chamber 8 and the lateral side portion of the front end portion of the dust processing chamber 18 are provided at a position higher than the rotation center of the dust processing cylinder 17 at the connecting portion of the latter half of the receiving net 9. Connect with R. A spiral-shaped intake blade 19 fixed to the starting end of the dust processing cylinder 17 is made to face the communication port R so as to face it, and the intake blade 19 and the plate body 117 of the handling cylinder 7 are used for handling. The threshing treatment product is smoothly taken into the dust treatment chamber 18 from the chamber 8 side.

An arcuate receiving net 9 is provided in the lower part of the handling cylinder 7. The receiving net 9 has a sorting mesh in the first half without the dust treatment chamber 18 on the side and the latter half with the dust treatment chamber 18 on the side. It is also possible to make the selection degree of the part different so that the selection degree of the first half portion is made larger or smaller than that of the latter half portion. For example, in the case of grains with a large amount of culms and straw waste that are generally difficult to shed, it is advisable to make the selection mesh of the latter half larger than that of the first half.

A swinging sorting shelf 40 is provided below the receiving net 9 of the handling chamber 8 and the dust receiving net 27 of the dust processing chamber 18.

The rocking/sorting shelf 40 receives the threshing-treated material from the handling chamber 8 and the dust-removed material from the dust-removing treatment chamber 18 and swings and transfers them to perform sieving and sorting. A transfer shelf 44, a chaff sheave 45, and a straw rack 46 are arranged in this order from the side, and a gren sheave 47 is provided below the chaff sheave 45. By the combined action of the sorting wind and the swing by the Karato 41 and the dust-exhaust fan 30, the processed matter that has leaked from the handling chamber 8 and the dust-exhaust treatment chamber 18 is received, and the sieve-sort is performed while swing-transferring.

Then, below the rocking sorting shelf 40, in order from the upper side in the sorting direction, the Karato 41, the No. 1 transfer spiral 42, and the No. 2 transferring spiral 43 are provided, and the crossing is performed above the rear of the rocking sorting shelf 40. A flow fan type dust collecting fan 30 is provided. The grain collected by the No. 1 transfer spiral 42 is accommodated in the grain storage device G via the No. 1 lifting device 42a. In addition, the No. 2 object collected by the No. 2 transfer spiral 43 falls on the transfer shelf 44 of the swing selection shelf 40 and is selected.

As shown in FIG. 2, on the left side of the rear end of the dust processing chamber 18, the dust sent to the rear end of the dust processing chamber 18 is moved to the upper rear part of the swing sorting shelf 40 described later. It is discharged from the first dust outlet 21 for discharging. The first dust outlet 21 is formed by opening the rear side of the rear end of the dust receiving net 27.

Further, a discharge blade 20 is provided at the end of the dust processing cylinder 17. In this embodiment, the number of the discharge blades 20 is one, but a plurality of discharge blades 20 may be provided on the outer circumference of the dust processing cylinder 17. As a result, when the dust removal cylinder 17 is rotated counterclockwise when viewed from the rear, fine dust such as straw dust containing grains among the dust sent to the first dust outlet 21 is removed. The discharge blade 20 throws the rocking sorting shelf 40 above the rear end portion thereof.

In addition, the first dust discharge port 21 is provided with a first inclined surface 29a for guiding the dust discharged from the first dust discharge port 21 to the right rearward direction and dropping it into the field scene. A guide plate 29 is provided. The first discharge guide plate 29 is provided by fixing the base portion to the side plate 31 of the dust-exhaust fan 30 arranged above the terminal end of the swing selection shelf 40 and projecting toward the first dust-exhaust port 21 side.

The first inclined surface 29a of the first discharge guide plate 29 is three-dimensionally inclined in the rearward downward direction and the rightward downward direction. As a result, most of the dust discharged from the first dust discharge port 21 and thrown by the discharge blade 20 is directly discharged to the outside of the machine without being dropped onto the swing sorting shelf 40.

On the other hand, in the outer wall (right side plate) 22 on the right side of the rear end of the dust processing chamber 18, the threshing device 4 is provided with the straw or the large lumps of straw that have been sent to the end of the dust processing chamber 18. A second dust outlet 23 for discharging backward is provided.

A second discharge guide plate 24 is provided at the second dust discharge port 23. A second inclined surface 24a and a third inclined surface 24b are formed on the second discharge guide plate 24.

As shown in FIG. 2, two round bar-shaped guide rods 28 are provided at the rear end portion of the dust catching net 27, the phases of which are changed in the circumferential direction of the dust catching net 27, when viewed from the rear of the threshing device 4. The first discharge guide plate 29 and the second discharge guide plate 24 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the gap portion.

The two guide rods 28 are arranged obliquely with respect to the axis of the dust processing cylinder 17 so as to face the rotation direction of the dust processing cylinder 17. That is, the two guide rods 28 are inclined rearward and downward, and are biased to the right (toward the cut land) toward the rear side. The inner edge of the first discharge guide plate 29 is provided along the guide rod 28. Further, of the two guide rods 28, the free end of the guide rod 28 located on the lower side is arranged above the third inclined surface 24b.

As a result, the dust discharged from the first dust outlet 21 is sorted by the space between the two guide rods 28, and the fine dust containing the grains is sorted by the swing sorting rack 40. It is allowed to leak onto the Straw rack 46, the leakage of large dust such as straw waste is regulated, and it is handed over to the second discharge guide plate 24 on the right side to be guided down to the field scene.

(Operation of threshing device)
First, the grain culms in the field are harvested by the harvesting device 3 in the front part of the machine body, transported to the upper rear by the transport conveyor 108, and supplied to the threshing device 4. The whole amount of this grain culm is supplied into the handling chamber 8 and is subjected to threshing action by the rotating handling barrel 7. The threshed material treated in this manner is transported around by the rod-shaped handling teeth 112 of the rotating handling cylinder 7 and guided rearward by the dust-delivery plate 11, and acts as a threshing treatment with the net 9. In response to this, the nets leak from the mesh of the receiving net 9 onto the swing selection shelf 40, and are subjected to the swing selection action.

At this time, the processed product that has undergone threshing processing on the front end side of the handling chamber 8 falls on the transfer rack 44 and is rocked and transferred rearward, and is between the plurality of sheave plates constituting the chaff sheave 45. The processed material that does not leak from the sorting interval reaches the chaff sheave 45.

What leaks from the chaff sheave 45 falls on the Glen sieve 47, and is subjected to a wind selecting action while being sieved and sorted by the Glen sieve 47. At this time, the Karato 41 blows the blasted sorting air into the sorting chamber, and the sorting air is sucked out of the threshing device 4 by the dust-exhausting fan 30.

In this way, the processed products are sorted while receiving the cooperative action of the swinging sorting action and the wind sorting action by the sorting wind, and are sorted into the first product (fine grain), the second product, and the dust product. The first product is sieved and selected by the Glensieve 47, and then dropped into the trough of the first transfer spiral 42 to be collected, fried by the first fried device 42a and put into the grain storage device G. To be done. The No. 2 product is fried by the No. 2 transfer spiral 43 by the No. 2 fried apparatus 43a, returned to the No. 2 processing chamber 15 and reprocessed. Then, the fine dust is sucked by the dust-exhaust fan 30 and discharged to the outside of the threshing device 4, and the large dust that does not leak from the straw rack 46 is removed from the rear end of the rocking sorting shelf 40. 4 is discharged to the outside.

On the other hand, the dust-exposed matter that has been taken into the dust-elimination chamber 18 from the rear end of the handling chamber 8 through the communication port R is transported rearward, and the spiral plate 120 or the feed plate 122 on the outer periphery of the dust-elimination cylinder 17 is provided. While being conveyed by the first cutting blade 121 or the second cutting blade 123, it is leaked from the filter hole of the dust collection net 27, passes through the gap 126, and is returned to the chaff sheave 45. At the end of the dust processing chamber 18, relatively fine dust is thrown out from the first dust outlet 21 to the upper rear part of the swing selection shelf 40 by the discharge blade 20 at the end of the dust processing cylinder 17. Then, the dusts flow down on the first inclined surface 29a of the first discharge guide plate 29, and fall to the field scene on the side of the cut land.

At this time, the dust discharged from the first dust outlet 23 is sorted on the two guide rods 28, and the grains are mainly leaked to the swing sorting shelf 40 and collected. In addition, dust such as straw waste that does not fall from the guide rod 28 is taken over from the guide rod 28 to the second discharge guide plate 24, and the third inclined surface 24b of the second discharge guide plate 24 or the second inclined guide plate 24b. 2 It flows down on the inclined surface 24a and falls to the field scene.

In addition, large lumps of dust such as straw debris circulate around the dust processing cylinder 17, and the threshing device 4 passes through the second dust outlet 23 provided at the right end of the rear end of the dust processing chamber 18. Is discharged to the rear of. Then, this dust flows down on the second sloped surface 24a and the third sloped surface 24b of the second discharge guide plate 24, and falls onto the cut grass side of the threshing device 4 and the field scene immediately after.

As a result, the amount of straw debris on the rocking sorting shelf 40 is reduced, the rocking sorting on the rocking sorting shelf 40 can be efficiently performed, and the grains in the sorted matter are discharged outside the machine together with the straw debris. Can be reduced, and the accuracy and efficiency of the threshing selection work can be improved.

In addition, since the dust discharged from the dust treatment chamber 18 is dropped immediately after or to the field scene on the side of the already cut lands, the dust is unlikely to be caught on the grain stalks on the side of the uncut land, and the adjacent grain stalks are mowed. At the time of work, it is possible to suppress the re-supply of the discharged straw waste to the threshing device 4, reduce the threshing load and the occurrence of poor sorting, and improve the efficiency of the harvesting threshing work by the combine. Further, since the dust discharged from the dust treatment chamber 18 is accumulated in a state of being scattered from immediately afterward over the field scene on the side of the cut land, it is possible to make the amount of straw plows uniform in the next tillage work, It is possible to make the transplanted seedlings uniform in growth condition.

Moreover, the grains mixed in the dust discharged from the rear end of the dust processing chamber 18 can be flowed down onto the rocking sorting shelf 40 and collected, and the harvest loss can be further reduced. ..

7 Handling Cylinder 8 Handling Chamber 11 Dust Sending Plate 11a Front Dust Sending Plate 11b Rear Dust Sending Plate 12 Grain Crush Sensor 17 Dust Disposal Cylinder 18 Dust Disposal Chamber 109 Grain Crate Inlet

Claims (5)

The handling cylinder (7) is mounted on the handling chamber (8), and a plurality of dust-sending plates (11) whose guide surfaces are inclined rearward are provided on the inner wall of the handling chamber (8) to provide the handling chamber (8). 8) In a thresher equipped with a dust treatment chamber (18) having a dust treatment cylinder (17) mounted on the rear side thereof, a front dust transfer plate (11a) provided in the first half of the handling chamber (8). And a threshing device for a general-purpose combine, characterized in that the rearward inclination angle of the guide surface of the rear dust-delivery plate (11b) provided in the latter half can be changed. 2. The general-purpose according to claim 1, wherein the rear tilt angle of the guide surface of the front dust delivery plate (11a) can be changed and the rear tilt angle of the guide surface of the rear dust transport plate (11b) is fixed. Combine thresher. The general-purpose according to claim 1, wherein the rear inclination angle of the guide surface of the front dust-feeding plate (11a) is fixed and the rear inclination angle of the guide surface of the rear dust-feeding plate (11b) is changeable. Combine thresher. The threshing device for a general-purpose combine according to claim 1, wherein both the rear tilt angles of the guide surfaces of the front dust sending plate (11a) and the rear dust sending plate (11b) can be changed. A grain culm amount sensor (12) is provided at the grain culm input port (109) of the handling room (8), and the front dust-feeding plate (11a) and the grain dust amount detected by the grain culm amount sensor (12) are used. The threshing device for a general-purpose combine according to claim 1, wherein the rear tilt angle of the guide surface of the rear dust-delivery plate (11b) is changed and controlled.

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