JP2012080713A - Permanent magnet-type rotary electric machine and compressor using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a permanent magnet-type rotary electric machine displaying high efficiency and high performance in a wide range from low speed to high speed and to provide a compressor using the electric machine.SOLUTION: A rotor of the permanent magnet-type rotary electric machine includes: a rotor core; a plurality of insertion holes formed in the rotor core; and a plurality of permanent magnets inserted into the insertion holes. The insertion hole into which the permanent magnet is inserted is divided into at least two per pole of the rotor. The permanent magnets inserted into the insertion holes are asymmetrically arranged to a magnetic pole center of the rotor. Thus, reduction of influence of an anti-magnetic field by armature magnetic flux, a torque increase when the same current is energized, reduction of an eddy current loss of the permanent magnet and a weak field operation with small current are realized. Thus, the highly efficient and high performance permanent magnet-type rotary electric machine suitable for high speed rotation is provided.

Description

  The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine having a permanent magnet for a field in a rotor, and in particular, a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine suitable for use in a compressor such as an air conditioner, a refrigerator, a freezer, and the like. The present invention relates to a compressor using the same.

  In the embedded magnet type rotor in which the permanent magnet is embedded in the rotor core, the torque generated when the permanent magnet is arranged on the outer diameter side is improved. On the other hand, demagnetization of the permanent magnet may be a problem. This is because in a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, torque is generated by an attractive force and a repulsive force between the magnetic field created by the permanent magnet of the rotor and the rotating magnetic field formed by the stator. This is because a demagnetizing field is applied to the permanent magnet at a site where torque is generated by force. On the other hand, if the permanent magnet is arranged on the inner diameter side, demagnetization of the permanent magnet can be prevented, but compared with the case where the permanent magnet is arranged on the outer diameter side when the same current is applied. This causes a problem that the generated torque is reduced.

  Therefore, for example, in the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine described in the following Patent Document 1 (particularly, FIG. 10), the permanent magnets constituting each pole are configured asymmetrically with respect to the circumferential direction, specifically, There has already been proposed a structure that prevents demagnetization of a permanent magnet while increasing the torque in a specific rotation direction by arranging the inclined magnet.

  Moreover, what is necessary is just to improve the generated torque at the time of the same current supply, in order to improve the efficiency of a permanent magnet type rotary electric machine. Therefore, in the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine described in Patent Document 2 below, a recess is provided between the poles of the rotor core to prevent a short circuit of the magnetic flux, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is short-circuited in the rotor core. There has already been proposed a structure that prevents this occurrence and effectively uses it for torque generation.

Japanese Patent No. 3403690 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-7875

  However, the above prior art has been proposed with a focus on improving the torque when the same current is applied and preventing the demagnetization of the permanent magnet, and the copper loss reduction by such a torque improving measure does not particularly perform field-weakening operation. In other words, there is an effect in improving the efficiency in the operation in the middle / low speed region of the motor. However, in the high speed region where the above-described field weakening operation is performed, the armature necessary for weakening the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is used. This was a problem from the viewpoint of improving efficiency by reducing the current as much as possible. In addition, in order to improve the efficiency of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, it is important to reduce the eddy current loss of the permanent magnet, and a solution for that is also important.

  That is, the present invention provides a high-efficiency and high-performance permanent magnet type rotating electric machine and a compressor using the same in a wide range from a low speed to a high speed as well as in a middle / low speed range. For that purpose.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, according to the present invention, first, a cylindrical stator and a rotor that is disposed so as to face each other through a gap inside the stator and that is rotatably supported. The stator includes a stator core, a plurality of stator slots formed in the stator core, teeth formed adjacent to the slots, and the stator. An armature winding having a plurality of phases provided in the slot, and the rotor is inserted into the rotor core, a plurality of insertion holes formed in the rotor core, and the insertion hole A plurality of permanent magnets, and an insertion hole into which the permanent magnet is inserted is divided into at least two per one pole of the rotor, and the permanent magnet is inserted into the insertion hole. Of the rotor respectively A permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine are arranged asymmetrically with respect to the pole center is provided.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine described above, the permanent magnet and the insertion hole divided into at least two per one pole of the rotor are arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the rotor. In the position advanced with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor, the permanent magnet is preferably arranged on the outer peripheral side of the delayed position and the insertion hole, and further, per one pole of the rotor. The at least two permanent magnets preferably have an arc-like cross-sectional shape or a rectangular cross-sectional shape.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine described above, the permanent magnet and the insertion hole divided at least in two per one pole of the rotor are arranged linearly in each magnetic pole, and the rotating In the position advanced with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor, the permanent magnet is preferably arranged on the outer peripheral side of the delayed position and the insertion hole, and further, at least two divisions per pole of the rotor The made permanent magnet preferably has a rectangular cross-sectional shape. In addition, the thickness of the permanent magnet at the advanced position may be smaller than the thickness of the permanent magnet at the delayed position.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine described above, the permanent magnets and the insertion holes divided into at least two per one pole of the rotor are arranged stepwise in each magnetic pole, and the rotating The position advanced with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor is preferably arranged on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet and the insertion hole at the delayed position, and is divided into at least two parts per pole of the rotor. The permanent magnet preferably has a rectangular cross-sectional shape.

  Alternatively, in the present invention, in the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine described above, the permanent magnet and the insertion hole divided into at least two per one pole of the rotor are arranged in a V shape in each magnetic pole, and In the position advanced with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor, the permanent magnet at the delayed position and the insertion hole may be arranged on the outer peripheral side.

  In addition, in the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine described above, it is preferable to form a curved portion at the end of the insertion hole formed in the rotor, or between a plurality of magnetic poles of the rotor. It is preferable to form a recess. Or you may form a slit in the outer periphery vicinity of each magnetic pole of the said rotor.

  Further, according to the present invention, a compression chamber is formed by combining a plurality of spiral wraps, and compression is performed to compress the fluid in the compression chambers by rotationally driving the spiral wraps via the orbiting scroll member. And a compressor provided with driving means for rotationally driving the orbiting scroll member of the compressor via a crankshaft, wherein the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine described above is used as the driving means. A featured compressor is provided.

  According to the present invention as described above, the demagnetization of the permanent magnet can be prevented, and the current necessary for obtaining a desired torque and the current necessary for the field-weakening operation can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly efficient and high performance permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine from low speed to high speed operation. Further, it is possible to provide a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine suitable for high-speed rotation by reducing stress concentration during rotation.

It is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine which becomes this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine which becomes Example 1 explaining the principle of this invention, especially the rotor. It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine which becomes Example 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine which becomes Example 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the measurement result of the efficiency at the time of the actual driving | operation by the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine provided with the rotor which becomes the said Example 3. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine which becomes Example 4 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine which becomes Example 5 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine which becomes Example 6 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine which becomes Example 7 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine which becomes Example 8 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine which becomes Example 9 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine which becomes Example 10 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine which becomes Example 11 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the compressor which employ | adopted the permanent magnet type rotary electric machine of said invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings, common reference numerals indicate the same components, and in the following embodiments, description will be made mainly with reference to a four-pole permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine.

  First, in order to explain the operation principle of the present invention, a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to a first embodiment (embodiment 1) of the present invention will be described. 1 is a sectional view of a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment, in particular, a rotor.

  In FIG. 1, a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 includes a cylindrical stator 2 and a rotor 3 rotatably attached to the inside of the cylindrical stator. The stator 2 is composed of a stator core 6 composed of a plurality of teeth 4 and a core back 5, and concentrated armature windings wound around the teeth 4 in slots 7 between the plurality of teeth 4. 8 (three-phase winding U-phase winding 8a, V-phase winding 8b, W-phase winding 8c). Here, since the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 has 4 poles and 6 slots, the slot pitch is 120 degrees in electrical angle.

  Next, in FIG. 2, the cylindrical rotor 3 includes a rotor core 12 having a shaft hole 15 formed at the center thereof, and the inside thereof is curved 2 along the outer peripheral surface of the rotor. Two magnet insertion holes 10 (10a, 10b) are formed, and permanent magnets 14 (14a, 14b) having an arc-like cross-sectional shape made of rare earth neodymium, for example, are embedded in these holes. Has been. The iron core on the outer diameter side of these permanent magnets 14 constitutes the magnetic pole core 13, and the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side (that is, the magnetic pole core 13) of the rotor core 12 are so-called bridges 16 (16a, 16b). It becomes the composition combined with. Here, the axis extending in the magnetic pole center direction of the rotor 3 is d axis, and the axis extending in the direction between the magnetic poles separated by 90 degrees in electrical angle with respect to the magnetic pole center direction is q axis. Moreover, the code | symbol 11 in a figure has shown the recessed part provided between the poles of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 12. FIG.

  As is apparent from FIG. 2 described above, the features of the present invention constitute a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, in particular, a permanent magnet insertion hole 10 provided inside the rotor core 9 of the rotor core 12; It is in its arrangement and shape. That is, in the present invention, the permanent magnet insertion holes 10a and 10b are formed with respect to one magnetic pole partitioned by the pair of bridges 16a and 16b, that is, divided into two per one pole. Neodymium permanent magnets 14 (14a, 14b) are respectively embedded in the interior. Further, the permanent magnet insertion hole 10a at a position advanced with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor 3 is arranged on the outer diameter side of the delayed permanent magnet insertion hole 10b (D> d). . In other words, the permanent magnets 14 (14 a, 14 b) inserted into the insertion holes 10 a, 10 b of these permanent magnets have a degree of opening α of the magnetic iron core 13 with respect to the center in the circumferential direction of each magnetic pole. (Line passing through the center), arranged asymmetrically. Thereby, the distance between the permanent magnet 14a inserted in the insertion hole 10a and the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 6 (see FIG. 1) is the same as that of the permanent magnet 14b inserted in the insertion hole 10b and the stator. It is shorter than the distance between the inner peripheral surface of the iron core 6.

  Thus, when a permanent magnet type rotary electric machine is comprised, there exist the following effects. That is, in particular, when performing the above-described field-weakening operation in the high-speed rotation region of the motor, the magnetic flux from the stator core side 6 toward the rotor 3 and the magnetic flux from the rotor 3 toward the stator core side 6 Are directed in the directions indicated by the arrows in the figure. Therefore, the permanent magnet 14a of the insertion hole 10a at the advanced position is magnetized by the magnetic flux, while the permanent magnet 14b of the insertion hole 10b at the delayed position is demagnetized. At this time, as described above, the distance between the permanent magnet 14b of the insertion hole 10b at the delayed position and the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 6 is larger than the permanent magnet 14a of the insertion hole 10a at the advanced position. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the armature current necessary for weakening the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet as much as possible, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor. In particular, by dividing the permanent magnet 14a of the insertion hole 10a at the advanced position and the permanent magnet 14b of the insertion hole 10b at the delayed position, the eddy current flowing through the permanent magnet 14 can be reduced. The loss due to the eddy current can be reduced, and the efficiency can be improved.

  The reason for this is that, particularly in the field-weakening operation, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 14 is weakened, but a magnetic flux (demagnetizing field) opposite to the magnetic flux direction of the permanent magnet 14 is formed on the stator 2 side. become. Therefore, in order to form this reverse magnetic flux with a current as small as possible, it is necessary to facilitate the flow of the magnetic flux in the d-axis direction. Therefore, by dividing the permanent magnet insertion hole 10 into a plurality, preferably two, a magnetic flux in the d-axis direction flows through a bridge 16b therebetween (this bridge 16b is made of permeable iron). Since it becomes easy, it becomes possible to weaken the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 14 mentioned above with the electric current smaller than the electric current in a conventional structure. Furthermore, by dividing the permanent magnet insertion hole 10 into two parts, the eddy current loss in the permanent magnet 14 inserted into the permanent magnet 14 can be reduced, so that it is estimated that the efficiency is further improved.

  Further, as described above, by dividing the permanent magnet insertion hole 10 into two pieces per pole by the bridge 16b formed therebetween, the bridge 16a is particularly affected by the centrifugal force during high-speed rotation. Can be dispersed. Further, by providing R (curved portion) at the end of the insertion hole 10 for the permanent magnet, the stress at the end of the insertion hole 10 where stress is most concentrated is dispersed, and the rotor core 12 is rotated at high speed. The deformation can be suppressed, and therefore, the maximum rotational speed at which the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 can be driven can be further improved.

  Here, as described above, in particular, the permanent magnet 14b inserted into the insertion hole 10b at the delayed position is more susceptible to demagnetization because it receives more influence of the demagnetizing field than the other permanent magnet 14a. Therefore, in particular, the permanent magnet 14b at the delayed position is made of a material having a higher coercive force than the other permanent magnets 14a, thereby making it possible to prevent the permanent magnet from demagnetizing.

  In view of the above-described results, in the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, by using the rotor according to the present invention shown in FIG. 2 above, the current necessary for obtaining a desired torque during low speed operation can be obtained. The eddy current loss of the permanent magnet can be reduced, and demagnetization of the permanent magnet can be prevented. In addition, during high-speed operation, it is possible to reduce the eddy current loss of the permanent magnet as well as the current required for field-weakening operation, and further prevent permanent magnet demagnetization and The stress applied to the bridge can be dispersed by centrifugal force. That is, according to the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine of the present invention, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the electric motor and improve the maximum rotational speed in a wide range from a low speed to a high speed region, and to demagnetize the permanent magnet. In other words, a high-efficiency and high-performance permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine can be provided.

  In the embodiment described above, a 4-pole permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine is shown. The ratio between the number of rotor poles and the number of slots in the stator has been described as 2: 3. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the ratio between the number of poles and the number of slots. It is also possible to obtain substantially the same effect as described above.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the concave magnet 11 is provided between the poles of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 12 and the opening α of the magnetic core 13 is set in the vicinity of 120 degrees in terms of electrical angle. 14 magnetic fluxes are collected at the center of the magnetic pole. However, by making the opening degree α of the magnetic core 13 substantially coincide with the winding pitch, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 14 can be used more effectively. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the ratio also changes.

  Subsequently, in addition to the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to the present invention described in detail together with the principle of the present invention (Example 1), the principle of the present invention is used and an actual permanent magnet is described below. Various embodiments including structures that can be easily applied to the rotary electric machine will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a rotor of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. However, the same components as those in FIG. avoid.

  The rotor of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 3 is different from that shown in FIG. 2 in that it is a flat plate instead of the curved (arc-shaped cross section) permanent magnets 14a and 14b, and the cross section is rectangular. Along with this, the insertion holes 10a and 10b are also formed in a rectangular cross section. The two permanent magnets 14 a and 14 b are arranged in a so-called inverted “V” shape so that the opposing portions thereof are convex with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3, and the rotor Are arranged such that a step is formed between the permanent magnet 14a at a position advanced with respect to the rotation direction of the permanent magnet 14b and the permanent magnet 14b at a position delayed (D> d).

  According to this configuration, the radial height of the permanent magnet 14 is the same as that of the rotor shown in FIG. Since it becomes lower than the delay side, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, the permanent magnet insertion hole 10a and the permanent magnet insertion hole 10b may be formed in a rectangular shape instead of a curved hole, and the manufacture thereof becomes easy. In addition, when the insertion holes 10a and 10b of these permanent magnets are provided with R (curved portions) at the circumferential ends, the width of the bridge 16b can be made more uniform, and the stress concentration can be further reduced. The effect is said.

  Subsequently, FIG. 4 attached is a cross-sectional view showing details of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the third embodiment of the present invention, but here again, the same components as those in FIG. Are given the same reference numerals, and duplicate explanations are avoided.

  The rotor of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine shown in FIG. 4 is different from the above embodiment in that the permanent magnet divided into the two parts is a rectangular permanent magnet as is apparent from the figure. 14a and 14b, and the permanent magnet insertion holes 10a, 10b are not along the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic pole core 13, but are linear, and the center line of each magnetic pole (the center of the opening α of the magnetic core 13). It is a point that is arranged linearly with an inclination with respect to a perpendicular line. The permanent magnets 14a and 14b divided into these two parts are also arranged asymmetrically with respect to the center in the circumferential direction of each magnetic pole, as described above. That is, the insertion hole 10a of the permanent magnet at a position advanced with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor 3 is arranged on the outer diameter side of the insertion hole 10b of the permanent magnet at a delayed position (D> d).

  Also with this configuration, the radial height of the permanent magnet 14 is lower than the delay side of the permanent magnet 14a in the position advanced with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor 2, as in the above embodiment. The same effects as described above can be obtained. Also in this embodiment, the permanent magnet insertion hole 10a and the permanent magnet insertion hole 10 may be formed in a rectangular shape, and the manufacture thereof is easy. In addition, when the insertion holes 10a and 10b of these permanent magnets are provided with R (curved portions) at the circumferential ends, the width of the bridge 16b can be made more uniform, and the stress concentration can be further reduced. The effect is said.

  The attached FIGS. 5A and 5B show the efficiency obtained by the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to the present invention described above in comparison with the efficiency of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine having a conventional structure. It is an efficiency measurement result, and here, the efficiency in the case of the conventional structure is used as a reference (1.000), and the relative value is displayed. FIG. 5 (a) shows the measurement results when the motor is not rotating at high speed (medium / low speed rotation), and FIG. 5 (b) is the measurement result at the time of field weakening operation (high speed rotation). .

  In particular, as shown in FIG. 5A, it can be seen that the efficiency is improved by dividing the permanent magnet 14 and its insertion hole 10 into two parts (14a, 14b) (10a, 10b). This is presumably because the eddy current flowing through the permanent magnet 14 can be reduced by dividing the permanent magnet insertion hole 10 into two, and the eddy current loss can be reduced.

  Further, FIG. 5 (b) is a measurement result of the efficiency when the electric motor rotates at high speed, that is, when the field-weakening operation is performed. As is clear from this result, the permanent magnet 14 and its insertion hole are shown in FIG. It can be seen that the efficiency is further improved by dividing 10 into two.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing details of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, which is a modification of the third embodiment shown in FIG. In this case as well, the same components as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is avoided.

  The difference between this embodiment and FIG. 4 is that the thickness of the permanent magnet 14b at a position delayed with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor 2 is made thicker than the permanent magnet 14a at the advanced position. Even with such a configuration, the same effect as described above can be obtained, and the delayed permanent magnet 14b is less affected by the demagnetizing field as compared with the structure shown in FIG. Therefore, the effect that the demagnetization of the permanent magnet 14b can be suppressed as compared with the second embodiment is obtained.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing details of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, which is another modification of the third embodiment shown in FIG. In this case as well, the same components as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is avoided.

  The difference between this embodiment and FIG. 4 is that the permanent magnet 14b at the delayed position is further arranged on the inner diameter side so that a step is generated between the permanent magnet 14a at the advanced position and the permanent magnet 14b at the delayed position. It is arranged in. Even with such a configuration of the rotor, the same effect as that of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained, and the structure shown in FIG. Compared to the second embodiment, demagnetization of the permanent magnet 14b at a delayed position can be suppressed. Further, by providing R (curved portion) at the circumferential end portions of the permanent magnet insertion holes 10a and 10b, the width of the bridge 16b can be made uniform, so that the stress concentration can be further alleviated.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing details of the rotor of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, which is still another modification of the third embodiment shown in FIG. In this case as well, the same components as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is avoided.

  The configuration of this embodiment differs from that shown in FIG. 4 in particular in that the two permanent magnets 14a and 14b are inclined with respect to the perpendicular of the center line of each magnetic pole (line passing through the center of the opening degree α of the magnetic core 13). The permanent magnet 14a at the advanced position is arranged on the inner diameter side with respect to the permanent magnet 14b at the delayed position, as is apparent from the drawing.

  Even with such a configuration, although the arrangement of the permanent magnets is different from that in FIG. 4 described above, in each magnetic core 13, the permanent magnets 14a at positions advanced with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor are lower than the permanent magnets 14b on the delay side. Therefore, (D> d), the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained. In addition, since the width of the bridge 16b can be made uniform by providing R (curved portion) at the circumferential ends of the insertion holes 10a and 10b for the permanent magnets, the stress concentration can be further reduced as in the above case. It is.

  FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a rotor of a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention, and in particular, a modification of Embodiment 6 shown in FIG. In this case as well, the same components as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is avoided.

  The difference between the present embodiment and the configuration of the seventh embodiment is that the step between the advanced permanent magnet 14a and the delayed permanent magnet 14b is further increased, as is apparent from the drawing. The delay-side permanent magnet 14b is disposed further inside than the advance-side permanent magnet 14a so that the advance-side permanent magnet insertion hole 10a and the delay-side permanent magnet insertion hole 10b overlap in the radial direction. Thus, the bridge portion 16b between the permanent magnet 14a and the permanent magnet 14b is provided in the circumferential direction.

  According to this configuration, the arrangement of the advancing side permanent magnet 14a and the lagging side permanent magnet 14b and the insertion holes 10a and 10b and the bridge portion 16b of these permanent magnets are particularly the same as the configuration of FIG. Although each is different, in each of the magnetic cores 13, the position advanced in the rotation direction of the rotor is lower than the delay side, and iron (bridge portion 16 b) is interposed between the permanent magnet 14 a and the permanent magnet 14 b. As a result, the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

  FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a rotor of a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, and in particular, a further modification of the second embodiment shown in FIG. In this case as well, the same components as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is avoided.

  In the configuration of the eighth embodiment, unlike the configuration of FIG. 4 described above, the magnetic flux short-circuit prevention hole 17 is provided between the poles (q-axis side) of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 12 instead of the recess 11 described above. The magnetic flux short-circuit prevention hole 17 makes the opening angle α of the magnetic pole core 13 close to 120 degrees in terms of electrical angle, thereby collecting the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 14 at the center of the magnetic pole. ing. Even with such a configuration, the shape between the poles of the rotor core 12 is different, but the same effect as in the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

  FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a rotor in a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention, and in particular, still another modification of Embodiment 2 shown in FIG. In this case as well, the same components as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is avoided.

  As is apparent from the figure, the feature of this embodiment is that the number of permanent magnets 14 constituting each magnetic pole is changed from two to three, that is, divided into three per pole, and the above-described embodiments are used. Similarly, the permanent magnet on the advance side with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor 3 is arranged on the outer diameter side with respect to the delay side. That is, the permanent magnet 14a, the permanent magnet 14b, and the permanent magnet 14c are arranged in order from the outer diameter side of the rotor 3.

  With this configuration, the same effect as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 can be obtained, and the magnetic flux in the d-axis direction can flow more easily than the structure shown in FIG. Become. According to this, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 14 can be weakened with a smaller current, and furthermore, the stress applied to the bridge 16 by the centrifugal force during high-speed rotation can be dispersed. Can be rotated at a higher speed.

  FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention, which is another modification of the present invention. In this case as well, the same components as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is avoided.

  In the configuration of this embodiment, in particular, the difference from FIG. 3 is that the two permanent magnets 14a and 14b are so-called “V” so that their opposing portions are concave with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3. Are arranged so as to form a step between the permanent magnet 14a at a position advanced with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor and the permanent magnet 14b at a position delayed (D> d). ).

  By configuring in this way, the radial height of the permanent magnet 14 as a whole is the same as that of the rotor according to the above-described embodiment. Since it becomes lower than the delay side, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, the permanent magnet insertion hole 10a and the permanent magnet insertion hole 10b may be formed in a rectangular shape instead of a curved hole, and the manufacture thereof becomes easy. In addition, when the insertion holes 10a and 10b of these permanent magnets are provided with R (curved portions) at the circumferential ends, the width of the bridge 16b can be made more uniform, and the stress concentration can be further reduced. .

  FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a rotor in a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention, and in particular, a further modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. In this case as well, the same components as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is avoided.

  As is apparent from the figure, the configuration of the present embodiment is different from that shown in FIG. 4 in that a slit 18 is provided in the magnetic core 13 near the outer periphery of each magnetic pole so that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 14 can be increased. The point is that they are gathered at the magnetic pole center.

  In addition, according to this structure, since the weight of the magnetic core 13 can be reduced, the stress applied to the bridge 16 can be reduced, and the magnetic flux distribution by the permanent magnet 14 can be made closer to a sine wave. Is possible. Thus, bringing the magnetic flux distribution closer to a sine wave decreases the harmonic component, thereby increasing the fundamental wave component contributing to torque generation. Therefore, it is possible to provide the same effect as that of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and to provide a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine that can rotate at a higher speed than the third embodiment and that is highly efficient. Become.

  Finally, the attached FIG. 14 shows the internal structure of a compressor used in an air conditioner, a refrigerator, a freezer, etc., in which the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to the present invention described in detail above is adopted as a rotational drive source. FIG.

  In FIG. 14, a spiral wrap 62 standing upright on the end plate 61 of the fixed scroll member 60 and a spiral wrap 65 standing upright on the end plate 64 of the orbiting scroll member 63 are engaged in a cylindrical compression container 69. Then, the rotating operation of the orbiting scroll member 63 via the crankshaft 72 is performed by the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 having the configuration described above, thereby performing a compression operation.

  Of the compression chambers 66 (66 a, 66 b...) Formed by the fixed scroll member 60 and the orbiting scroll member 63, the compression chamber located on the outermost side is the position of the two scroll members 63 and 60 along with the orbiting motion. It moves toward the center and the volume gradually decreases. When the compression chambers 66 a and 66 b reach the vicinity of the centers of the scroll members 60 and 63, the compressed gas in both the compression chambers 66 is discharged from a discharge port 67 communicating with the compression chamber 66.

  The discharged compressed gas passes through gas passages (not shown) provided in the fixed scroll member 60 and the frame 68, reaches the compression container 69 below the frame 68, and is discharged on the side wall of the compression container 69. It is discharged from the pipe 70 to the outside of the electric compressor.

  The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 that drives the electric compressor is controlled by a separate inverter (not shown) and rotates at a rotation speed suitable for the compression operation.

  Here, the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 includes a stator 2 and a rotor 3, and a crankshaft 72 provided on the rotor 3 has a crankshaft at the top. An oil hole 74 is formed inside the crankshaft 72, and as the crankshaft 72 rotates, the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 73 provided at the lower portion of the compression container 69 passes through the oil hole 74. To the sliding bearing 75.

  This compressor is used as a driving source of a refrigerant in a refrigerant cycle such as an air conditioner, a refrigerator, or a freezer, for example, and is usually operated all year round, from the viewpoint of global warming, In particular, it is the most important product for energy saving. That is, since the compressor can be operated at a variable speed, it is important to improve the efficiency in a wide range from low speed rotation to high speed rotation in order to achieve energy saving. For this reason, the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 for driving the compressor is required to have high efficiency in a wide rotation speed range from low speed to high speed.

  Here, as means for improving the efficiency at the time of low speed operation, the induced electromotive force is increased by increasing the number of turns of the armature winding 8, and the influence of the carrier frequency of the inverter is reduced, thereby reducing the loss. It is possible. However, when the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 is configured as described above, the induced electromotive force is increased, so that field-weakening operation is performed during high-speed rotation. In this field weakening operation, current is passed through the armature winding so as to weaken the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet. Therefore, when viewed from the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet, the armature magnetic flux that becomes a demagnetizing field increases, and the permanent magnet demagnetizes Is a problem.

  In order to reduce the size of the compressor, it is necessary to operate the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 at a high speed. However, since the centrifugal force increases as the rotation speed increases, the maximum concentrated stress of the rotor core 12 increases. Is a problem.

  When the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to the present invention described above is used as a drive source for the above-described problems, a compressor capable of operating with high efficiency in a wide range from low speed to high speed operation can be provided. That is, according to the present invention described above, it is possible to prevent the demagnetization of the permanent magnet, reduce the current necessary for obtaining a desired torque and the current necessary for field-weakening operation, The eddy current loss of the permanent magnet can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to provide a high-efficiency, high-performance permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine in a wide range from low speed to high speed operation, and furthermore, the stress concentration during rotation can be alleviated, so permanent magnet type rotation suitable for high speed rotation Electricity can be provided.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Permanent magnet type rotary electric machine, 2 ... Stator, 3 ... Rotor, 4 ... Teeth, 5 ... Core back, 6 ... Stator core, 7 ... Slot, 8 ... Armature winding, 10 ... Permanent magnet insertion hole , 11 ... concave portion, 12 ... rotor core, 13 ... magnetic pole core, 14 ... permanent magnet, 15 ... shaft hole, 16 ... bridge, 17 ... hole for preventing magnetic flux short circuit, 18 ... slit, 60 ... fixed scroll member, 61 ... End plate, 69 ... compression container, 60 ... fixed scroll member, 62, 65 ... spiral wrap, 63 ... orbiting scroll member, 72 ... crankshaft.

Claims (13)

A permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine having a cylindrical stator and a rotor that is arranged to be opposed to each other through a gap inside the stator and is rotatably supported,
The stator includes a stator core, a plurality of stator slots formed in the stator core, teeth formed adjacent to the slots, and a plurality of phases provided in the stator slot. Armature winding
The rotor includes a rotor core, a plurality of insertion holes formed in the rotor core, and a plurality of permanent magnets inserted into the insertion holes, and
The insertion hole for inserting the permanent magnet is divided into at least two per one pole of the rotor, and the permanent magnet inserted into the insertion hole is asymmetric with respect to the magnetic pole center of the rotor. A permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine characterized by being arranged in   2. The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet divided into at least two per pole of the rotor and the insertion hole are arranged along an outer peripheral surface of the rotor, and the rotation A permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, wherein the permanent magnet rotating electrical machine is arranged at an outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet and the insertion hole at a delayed position at a position advanced with respect to the rotation direction of the child.   3. The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 2, wherein the permanent magnet divided into at least two per one pole of the rotor has an arc-like cross-sectional shape or a rectangular cross-sectional shape. Rotary electric machine.   2. The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet and the insertion hole divided into at least two per one pole of the rotor are linearly arranged in each magnetic pole, and the rotation of the rotor. A permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, wherein the permanent magnet rotating electrical machine is arranged at a position closer to the outer circumference than the permanent magnet and the insertion hole at a delayed position.   5. The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 4, wherein the permanent magnet divided into at least two per one pole of the rotor has a rectangular cross-sectional shape.   The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 5, wherein the thickness of the permanent magnet at the advanced position is smaller than the thickness of the permanent magnet at the delayed position. Electric.   2. The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet and the insertion hole divided into at least two per pole of the rotor are arranged stepwise in each magnetic pole, and the rotation of the rotor. A permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, wherein the permanent magnet rotating electrical machine is arranged at a position closer to the outer circumference than the permanent magnet and the insertion hole at a delayed position.   8. The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 7, wherein the permanent magnet divided into at least two per one pole of the rotor has a rectangular cross-sectional shape.   The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet and the insertion hole divided into at least two per pole of the rotor are arranged in a V shape in each magnetic pole, and A permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, wherein the permanent magnet rotating electrical machine is arranged at a position more advanced than the insertion hole at the position advanced with respect to the rotational direction.   The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein a curved portion is formed at an end of the insertion hole formed in the rotor.   The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein concave portions are formed between the plurality of magnetic poles of the rotor.   2. The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein a slit is formed in the vicinity of the outer periphery of each magnetic pole of the rotor. A compressor that forms a compression chamber by combining a plurality of spiral wraps, and compresses the fluid in the compression chamber by rotationally driving the spiral wraps via an orbiting scroll member;
A compressor provided with driving means for rotationally driving the orbiting scroll member of the compressor via a crankshaft;
A compressor using the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as the driving means.

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