JP2012078018A - Pretreatment unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pretreatment unit capable of more efficiently crushing biomass and thus, more easily burning it.SOLUTION: The pretreatment unit for supplying the biomass to a crushing means for crushing the biomass includes: a biomass storage tank storing the biomass; a supply means before storage for supplying the biomass to the biomass storage unit; a supply means after storage for supplying the biomass stored in the biomass storage unit to the crushing means; and a heating means heating the biomass located in any of the supply means before storage, the biomass storage tank and the supply means after storage in a range of a non-carbonization temperature.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pretreatment unit for supplying biomass to a pulverizer for pulverizing biomass.

In recent years, CO ₂ emission reduction has been promoted from the viewpoint of global warming. In particular, fossil fuels such as coal and heavy oil are often used as fuel in combustion facilities such as power generation boilers, but these fossil fuels cause global warming due to the problem of CO ₂ emissions, and protect the global environment. Its use is being regulated from the viewpoint of In addition, from the viewpoint of depletion of fossil fuels, the development and commercialization of alternative energy resources are required. Therefore, as an alternative to fossil fuels, the use of fuel using biomass has been promoted. Biomass is an organic substance resulting from photosynthesis, and includes biomass such as wood, vegetation, crops, and moss. By converting this biomass into fuel, the biomass can be effectively used as an energy source or an industrial raw material.

  From the viewpoint of highly efficient use of biomass, which is renewable energy, biomass is used as a fuel. One of the methods used as fuel is a method in which biomass solids are pulverized and pulverized and supplied to a pulverized coal-fired boiler for use as fuel. In addition, as described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, there are some which are used as fuel after carbonizing biomass.

JP 2007-23239 A JP 2008-209080 A

  Here, the biomass is softer and more fibrous than solid fossil fuels such as coal. For this reason, in order to grind | pulverize and pulverize biomass solid substance, more time and output are required rather than grind | pulverize coal and pulverize. That is, biomass has a lower pulverization capacity than coal. On the other hand, like patent document 1 and patent document 2, by carbonizing biomass, it can embrittle and can make it easy to grind | pulverize. However, impurities such as tar may be discharged during biomass carbonization. When impurities are discharged, a process for removing them and maintenance are required.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above, Comprising: It is providing the pre-processing unit which can pulverize biomass more efficiently and can make it burn easily.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention provides a pretreatment unit for supplying biomass to a pulverizing means for pulverizing biomass, the biomass storage tank storing biomass, and the biomass storage tank Any of a supply means before storage for supplying biomass, a supply means after storage for supplying biomass stored in the biomass storage tank to the pulverizing means, a supply means before storage, the biomass storage tank, and a supply means after storage And heating means for heating the biomass in the range of the non-carbonization temperature. Thereby, biomass can be pulverized efficiently and the risk of adverse effects on the apparatus can be reduced.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said heating means heats the biomass conveyed toward the said biomass storage tank by the said supply means before storage. Thereby, biomass can be heated more efficiently and biomass can be heated efficiently.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said heating means heats the biomass conveyed toward the said crushing means by the said supply means after the storage. Thereby, biomass can be heated more efficiently and biomass can be heated efficiently.

  In addition, the heating unit includes a cover portion that covers an outer periphery of the biomass conveyance path, and a heating source that supplies heated air to the cover portion, and is heated inside the cover portion by the heating source. It is preferable to heat the biomass by supplying air. Thereby, biomass can be heated more efficiently and biomass can be heated efficiently.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said heating means flows the said heated air in the same direction as the conveyance direction of the said biomass. Thereby, it can heat while conveying biomass, can heat biomass efficiently, and can make energy efficiency higher.

  The heating means preferably uses air or exhaust gas whose temperature has been increased by burning at least one of the biomass and fossil fuel as the heating source. Thereby, energy efficiency can be made higher.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said heating means has an indirect heating source which indirectly heats the area | region containing the area | region where the said biomass is stored. Thereby, it can heat while conveying biomass, and can heat biomass efficiently.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said heating means uses the air or waste gas which raised the temperature by burning at least one of the said biomass and a fossil fuel as said indirect heating source. Thereby, energy efficiency can be made higher.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said heating means heats the said biomass to 150 to 250 degreeC. Thereby, it can be made brittle (easy to pulverize) while suppressing the generation of tar from the biomass at a certain concentration or more.

  In addition, a temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the atmosphere near the end of the region where the biomass is heated, and based on the detection result of the temperature detection unit, the heating unit is controlled, and the biomass is within a non-carbonization temperature range. It is preferable to further include a controller for heating. Thereby, the biomass discharged | emitted from a tank main body can be made into the range of non-carbonization temperature more reliably.

  The pretreatment unit according to the present invention has an effect that the biomass can be easily pulverized more efficiently and can be easily burned.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a power generation system. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a part of the schematic configuration of the preprocessing unit. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the schematic configuration of the pretreatment unit. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature of biomass and the ratio of each component. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the grinding power ratio and the grinding time to a predetermined particle size. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the pretreatment unit. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the pretreatment unit. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the pretreatment unit. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the pretreatment unit. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the schematic configuration of the pretreatment unit. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a part of another embodiment of the preprocessing unit. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a part of another embodiment of the preprocessing unit. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of another embodiment of the power generation system.

  Exemplary embodiments of a preprocessing unit and a power generation system using the preprocessing unit according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a power generation system.

  A power generation system 10 shown in FIG. 1 uses a fine powder obtained by pulverizing biomass and a fossil fuel such as coal or oil as a fuel for combustion, collects heat generated by the combustion, and generates electricity using the recovered heat. It is a power generation system that can.

  A power generation system 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a biomass supply device 11 that supplies biomass, a boiler 30 that recovers heat generated by burning biomass and fossil fuel supplied from the biomass supply device 11, and a boiler 30. And a power generation device 60 that generates power using the heat generated in step.

  Here, biomass is defined as organic resources derived from renewable organisms, excluding fossil resources. For example, thinned wood, waste wood, driftwood, grass, waste, sludge, tires, and recycled fuel (pellets and chips) using these as raw materials are not limited to those presented here.

  The biomass supply device 11 is a device that heats the biomass in the range of the non-carbonization temperature and then pulverizes and supplies the pulverized biomass to the boiler 30. The pretreatment unit 19, the air supply pipe 21, and the pulverizer (mill) ) 26, a powder separation device 27, and a supply pipe 28.

  The pretreatment unit 19 is a unit that pretreats the biomass and then supplies it to the crushing device 26. The storage silo 20, the dispensing conveyor 22, the transfer conveyor 23, the biomass storage tank 24, the feeder 25, Heating means 100. The storage silo 20 is a device that can store a predetermined amount of biomass. The storage silo 20 supplies the stored biomass 140 to the delivery conveyor 22 by a predetermined amount. The payout conveyor 22 and the transfer conveyor 23 are both transfer mechanisms that transfer the biomass 140. In addition, although it was set as the conveyor in this embodiment, as a conveyance mechanism of biomass 140, various mechanisms can be used. The payout conveyor 22 transports the biomass 140 supplied from the storage silo 20 to the transport conveyor 23. The conveyor 23 supplies the biomass 140 supplied from the payout conveyor 22 to the biomass storage tank 24.

  The biomass storage tank 24 temporarily stores the biomass 140 supplied from the transport conveyor 23. The biomass storage tank 24 supplies the stored biomass 140 to the feeder 25. The feeder 25 conveys the biomass 140 supplied from the biomass storage tank 24 and supplies it to the crushing device 26. The heating unit 100 is a heating mechanism that heats the biomass that passes through the feeder 25. The configurations of the feeder 25 and the heating unit 100 will be described later.

  The description of the configuration of the biomass supply apparatus 11 will be continued. The air supply pipe 21 is a pipe that supplies air to each part of the biomass supply apparatus 11. The air supply pipe 21 is connected to each part for supplying air of the boiler 30 and supplied with air 148. The air supply pipe 21 is connected to the crusher 26 and the supply pipe 28 and supplies air 148 to each of them. Further, the air supply pipe 21 is provided with a valve 70 in a pipe connected to the crushing device 26, and a valve 72 is provided in a pipe connected to the supply pipe 28. The amount of air 148 supplied to each part can be adjusted by adjusting the opening / closing and opening of the valves 70 and 72.

  The pulverizer 26 is a pulverizer for pulverizing biomass, and pulverizes the biomass 140 supplied from the feeder 25 into fine powder. In addition, an air supply pipe 21 is connected to the pulverizer 26, and the crushed biomass 140 is conveyed by the force of air 148 supplied from the air supply pipe 21. That is, the biomass 140 pulverized by the pulverization device 26 moves through the piping by air conveyance and is conveyed to the powder separation device 27. The powder separation device 27 includes a bag filter and a cyclone, and separates and classifies the biomass 140 that passes therethrough. The powder separation device 27 supplies the biomass 140 having a certain size or more out of the crushed biomass 140 that passes through the supply pipe 28 as the coarse powder 142. Moreover, the powder separator 27 supplies biomass 140 having a smaller size than the fixed biomass 140 as fine powder 144 to the electric dust collector 55 to be described later by piping, and causes the electric dust collector 55 to collect it. . Note that the biomass 140 supplied to the powder separation device 27 is substantially all coarse powder 142. For example, the powder separation device 27 sends a wind blown up to the biomass 140 by a cyclone, and supplies the biomass 140 having a certain size or more falling as a coarse powder 142 to the supply pipe 28 even if the wind is blown. The blown-up biomass 140 having a smaller size is supplied as fine powder 144 to a pipe for supplying air to the electric dust collector 55 (immediately before the electric dust collector 55). The supply pipe 28 supplies the coarse powder 142 and air 148 supplied from the powder separation device 27 to the biomass combustion burner 34 of the boiler 30. The air 148 supplied from the air supply pipe 21 to the supply pipe 28 is primary air.

  Next, the boiler 30 is a conventional boiler, and has a boiler body 31 capable of burning biomass and fossil fuel. The boiler main body 31 has a hollow shape and is installed in the vertical direction, and a combustion device 32 is provided at the lower part of the furnace wall constituting the boiler main body 31. The combustion device 32 has a plurality of fossil fuel combustion burners 33 mounted on the furnace wall and a plurality of biomass combustion burners 34. In the present embodiment, four or eight combustion burners 33 for fossil fuel are arranged along the circumferential direction and arranged in three to six stages in the vertical direction. On the other hand, the biomass combustion burner 34 is arranged below the plurality of fossil fuel combustion burners 33, and four or eight disposed along the circumferential direction are arranged in one stage in the vertical direction. . The arrangement relationship between the combustion burner 33 for fossil fuel and the combustion burner 34 for biomass may be upside down. In each combustion burner 33, 34, the number in the circumferential direction is not limited to four, and the number of stages is not limited to four or one stage. Furthermore, you may arrange | position so that each combustion burner 33 and 34 may oppose.

  The combustion burner 33 for fossil fuel is connected to a pulverized coal supply unit 35 via a supply pipe 36 and to a fuel oil (or fuel gas) supply part 37 via a supply pipe 38. In this case, pulverized coal or fuel oil can be supplied as the fossil fuel. On the other hand, the biomass combustion burner 34 is connected to a supply pipe 28 from the biomass supply device 11.

  The combustion device 32 has an air supply pipe 39 that can supply combustion air to each of the combustion burners 33, 34. The air supply pipe 39 is provided with a blower 40 at the base end portion, and has a distal end portion. Is connected to a wind box 41 provided on the outer peripheral side of the boiler body 31. Therefore, the air supplied to the wind box 41 can be supplied to the combustion burners 33 and 34.

  The boiler body 31 has a flue 42 connected to the upper portion thereof, and the superheaters 43 and 44, the reheaters 45 and 46, and the nodes for recovering the heat of the exhaust gas as a convection heat transfer section are connected to the flue 42. Charcoal units 47, 48, and 49 are provided, and heat exchange is performed between the exhaust gas generated by the combustion in the boiler body 31 and water.

  The flue 42 is connected to an exhaust gas pipe 50 through which the exhaust gas subjected to heat exchange is discharged downstream. The exhaust gas pipe 50 is provided with an air heater 51 between the air supply pipe 39 and performs heat exchange between the air flowing through the air supply pipe 39 and the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas pipe 50, and It is desirable to raise the temperature of the combustion air to be supplied to a range of 200 to 300 ° C.

  The air supply pipe 39 is branched from a position downstream of the air heater 51, and the air supply pipe 21 is provided. The air supply pipe 21 is equipped with a dust removing device 52 capable of removing particulate matter such as dust and dust, and a blower 53 capable of boosting high-temperature air. Air heated by an air heater 51 to 200 to 300 ° C. It can be supplied to the supply pipe 28 of the biomass supply apparatus 11.

  The exhaust gas pipe 50 is located upstream of the air heater 51 and is provided with a selective reduction catalyst 54, and is located downstream of the air heater 51 and is provided with an electric dust collector 55, an induction blower 56, and a desulfurization device 57. A chimney 58 is provided at the downstream end.

  A pipe 73 is connected upstream of the electric dust collector 55 of the exhaust gas pipe 50. The pipe 73 is connected to the supply pipe 28 and a pipe between the crushing device 26 and the powder separation device 27. In the pipe 73, a valve 74 is arranged between a connection portion with the upstream side of the electric dust collector 55 and a connection portion with the supply pipe 28, and the connection portion with the upstream side of the electric dust collector 55, the pulverizer 26 and the powder separation. A valve 76 is disposed between the pipe connecting the apparatus 27 and the connecting part. Part of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas pipe 50 is supplied to the pipe 73, and is supplied as the carrier gas 150 from the pipe 73 to the supply pipe 28 and the pipe between the crushing device 26 and the powder separation device 27. Further, the valve 74 adjusts the supply amount of the carrier gas 150 from the pipe 73 to the supply pipe 28. The valve 76 adjusts the supply amount of the carrier gas 150 from the pipe 73 to the pipe between the pulverizer 26 and the powder separator 27.

  The power generation device 60 is a conversion mechanism that converts thermal energy into electricity. The piping unit 62 is a pipe that connects the superheaters 43 and 44 and the reheaters 45 and 46 of the boiler 30 to the power generation device 60, and steam that is superheated by the superheaters 43 and 44 and the reheaters 45 and 46. Is sent to the power generator 60, and the steam exchanged by the power generator 60 is sent to the superheaters 43 and 44 and the reheaters 45 and 46. The power generation device 60 converts thermal energy extracted from the steam superheated by the superheaters 43 and 44 and the reheaters 45 and 46 into electricity. For example, the power generation device 60 includes a turbine, rotates the turbine using the energy of superheated steam, and extracts electric power.

  As described above, when the power generation system 10 drives the blower 40 and sucks air in the boiler 30, the air is heated by the air heater 51 through the air supply pipe 39 and then each combustion burner 33 through the wind box 41. , 34. Further, pulverized coal or fuel oil as fossil fuel is supplied to the combustion burner 33 for fossil fuel through the supply pipes 36 and 38, and biomass from the biomass supply apparatus 11 is supplied to the combustion burner for biomass through the supply pipe 28. 34.

  Then, the combustion burner 33 for fossil fuel injects combustion air and fossil fuel into the boiler body 31 and ignites at the same time, and the combustion burner 34 for biomass converts the combustion air and fine powder of biomass into the boiler body 31. It ignites at the same time as it is injected. In the boiler body 31, combustion air, fossil fuel, and biomass are burned to generate a flame. When a flame is generated in the lower part of the boiler body 31, the combustion gas rises in the boiler body 31 and is discharged to the flue 42.

  At this time, while water supplied from a water supply pump (not shown) is preheated by the economizers 47, 48, and 49, it is supplied to a steam drum (not shown) and supplied to each water pipe (not shown) on the furnace wall. Is heated to become saturated steam and fed into a steam drum (not shown). Further, saturated steam of a steam drum (not shown) is introduced into the superheaters 43 and 44 and is heated by the combustion gas. The superheated steam generated by the superheaters 43 and 44 passes through the piping unit 62 and is supplied to the power generation device 60. Further, the steam taken out in the middle of the expansion process in the power generation device 60 passes through the piping unit 62 and is introduced into the reheaters 45 and 46, is overheated again, passes through the piping unit 62, and returns to the power generation device 60. It is. In addition, although the boiler main body 31 was demonstrated as a drum type | mold (steam drum), it is not limited to this structure.

  Thereafter, the exhaust gas that has passed through the economizers 47, 48, and 49 of the flue 42 is removed of harmful substances such as NOx by the selective reduction catalyst 54 in the exhaust gas pipe 50, and the particulate matter is removed by the electric dust collector 55. After the sulfur content is removed by the desulfurization device 57, it is discharged from the chimney 58 to the atmosphere.

  Next, the feeder 25 and the heating means 100 of the pretreatment unit 19 will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a part of the schematic configuration of the preprocessing unit, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the schematic configuration of the preprocessing unit. First, in addition to the storage silo 20, the delivery conveyor 22, the transfer conveyor 23, the biomass storage tank 24, the feeder 25, and the heating means 100, the pretreatment unit 19 controls the temperature measuring unit 120 and the control unit 19. Part 130.

  The feeder 25 is a screw feeder disposed between the biomass storage tank 24 and the mill 26, covers the outer periphery of the two rotating parts 110 that rotate, and the two rotating parts 110, and holds the biomass. A tube 112 and a drive source 114 that rotates the rotating unit 110 are included. The rotating unit 110 is a screw having a screw groove formed on the outer periphery, and conveys biomass in one direction by rotating. The rotating unit 110 has a hollow shape. The guide tube 112 is a conduit in which the rotating unit 110 is accommodated, and holds the biomass around the rotating unit 110. The drive source 114 is a drive source that rotates the rotating unit 110, and includes a motor or the like.

  The heating unit 100 includes a jacket 102, a heat transfer pipe 104, a pipe 106, a valve 107, and a pipe 108, and heats the biomass conveyed by the feeder 25. The jacket 102 is a hollow member disposed in contact with the outer periphery of the guide tube 112. The jacket 102 is arrange | positioned so that the outer periphery of the area | region where the biomass 140 of the guide tube 112 is hold | maintained may be covered. In the present embodiment, the guide tube 112 is disposed so as to cover other than the upper surface. The heat transfer pipe 104 is a pipe arranged by being inserted into the hollow portion of the rotating unit 110.

  Next, the pipe 106 has one end connected to the pipe 73 through which the exhaust gas flows, and the other end branched to the branch pipes 106a and 106b. The branch pipe 106 a is connected to the heat transfer pipe 104. The branch pipe 106 b is connected to the jacket 102. The pipe 106 is provided with a valve 107. The valve 107 can adjust the amount of the carrier gas 150 flowing through the pipe 106 by adjusting the opening and closing and the opening degree. Next, the pipe 108 has one end connected to the supply pipe 28 and the other end branched to the branch pipes 108a and 108b. The branch pipe 108 a is connected to the heat transfer pipe 104. The branch pipe 108 b is connected to the jacket 102.

  The heating unit 100 is configured as described above, and supplies the carrier gas 150 supplied from the pipe 73 to the jacket 102 and the heat transfer pipe 104 via the pipe 106 and the branch pipes 106a and 106b. The jacket 102 and the heat transfer pipe 104 are heated by the heat of the supplied exhaust gas, and transmit the supplied heat to the biomass inside the feeder 25. The heating means 100 heats the biomass conveyed by the feeder 25 in this way. Further, the exhaust gas supplied to the jacket 102 and the heat transfer pipe 104 is supplied to the supply pipe 28 through the branch pipes 108 a and 108 b and the pipe 108. The exhaust gas supplied to the supply pipe 28 makes the biomass in the supply pipe 28 easier to flow into the boiler 30, and allows the biomass to be burned more efficiently in the boiler 30.

  The temperature measuring unit 120 is a means for measuring the atmosphere in the vicinity of the outlet of the biomass 140 of the feeder 25 or the temperature of the biomass itself. The temperature measurement unit 120 sends the measured temperature of the biomass 140 to the control unit 130.

  The control unit 130 controls the operation of the feeder 25 and the heating unit 100 based on the measurement result obtained by the temperature measurement unit 120. In addition, the control unit 130 controls operations of various other mechanisms.

  The pretreatment unit 19 is configured as described above, and the biomass 140 flowing through the feeder 25 is heated by the heating unit 100. In addition, the preprocessing unit 19 controls the operation of the heating unit 100 and the feeder 25 based on the temperature measurement result in the temperature measurement unit 120, and the temperature of the biomass 140 is controlled by the control unit 130. The temperature of the discharged biomass 140 is discharged in a certain range, specifically, in a state where the temperature is in the non-carbonizing temperature range.

  Here, the range of the non-carbonization temperature is a temperature at which the biomass 140 becomes brittle in a state where the biomass 140 is not carbonized and the discharged tar becomes a certain concentration or less. Here, FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the biomass temperature and the ratio of each component, and FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the pulverization power ratio and the pulverization time up to a predetermined particle size. FIG. 4 shows the relationship of the weight ratio of each component when the vertical axis is weight ratio [%] and the biomass is heated to each temperature (before heating, 150 ° C., 200 ° C., 250 ° C., 300 ° C.). . In FIG. 5, the vertical axis represents the estimated pulverization power ratio up to a predetermined particle size in the mill (pulverizer), and the horizontal axis represents the pulverization time [s] to the predetermined particle size in the ball mill (pulverizer). FIG. 4 shows an estimated pulverization power ratio and a ball mill (pulverizer) when the wood pellet A is heated to a raw state (before heating), 150 ° C., 200 ° C., 250 ° C., and 300 ° C. The result of having measured the relationship with the grinding | pulverization time to the predetermined particle size in ()) is shown. For comparison, FIG. 5 also shows an estimated crushing power ratio for each of the unheated wood chip A, wood chip B, and wood pellet B, and the grinding time to a predetermined particle size in a ball mill (grinding device). The result of measuring the relationship with is also shown.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the biomass has a component ratio that varies depending on the temperature at which it is heated, and tar is deposited when it exceeds a certain temperature. In addition, the biomass becomes brittle as it is heated to a higher temperature. Specifically, when wood pellets are heated, the grinding time to a predetermined particle size in a ball mill (grinding device) becomes shorter than the grinding time of wood pellets that are not heated. Furthermore, if the temperature at which the wood pellets are heated is increased, the pulverization time is further shortened. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when the wood pellet A is heated to 150 ° C., the pulverization time up to a predetermined particle size in a ball mill (pulverization apparatus) becomes shorter than the pulverization time of the wood pellet B that is not heated. Furthermore, if the temperature at which the wood pellet A is heated to 200 ° C. and 250 ° C. is increased, the pulverization time is further shortened. Here, since the estimated pulverization power ratio up to a predetermined particle size in the mill (pulverization apparatus) is proportional to the pulverization time, the pulverization time is shortened, so that the power required for pulverization is also reduced. As mentioned above, biomass becomes easy to grind, so that temperature is raised. In addition, the range of non-carbonization temperature, that is, the optimum temperature at which biomass is easily pulverized while suppressing the influence of tar, is a temperature range and temperature that differ depending on the type of biomass. Here, the temperature range of the biomass is set to a temperature of 150 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less, so that the tar discharged is more reliably reduced, for example, a generation amount of 20% or less of the total amount of biomass). The biomass can be easily pulverized while suppressing the influence of tar. Note that the biomass temperature range of 150 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less is a temperature at which tar generation can be more reliably reduced and the pulverization time can be sufficiently shortened.

  Based on the above relationship, the pretreatment unit 19 heats the biomass 140 in a non-carbonization temperature range in which the biomass 140 becomes brittle and the discharged tar becomes a certain concentration or less. In the example shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the pretreatment unit 19 heats the biomass 140 to a temperature between 150 ° C. and 250 ° C. Thereby, the pre-processing unit 19 can make it easy to grind | pulverize biomass, suppressing the influence in which volatile gas, such as tar, is discharged | emitted, and also suppressing generation | occurrence | production of tar. The pretreatment unit 19 makes the biomass easy to pulverize and discharges (supplies) the biomass from the discharge port to the pulverizer 26. The biomass conveyed to the pulverizing device 26 is pulverized by the pulverizing device 26. At this time, since the biomass 140 heated to the non-carbonizing temperature in the pretreatment unit 19 is supplied to the pulverizer 26, the pulverizer 26 can be pulverized to a predetermined particle size in a short time with less power. Further, since the pretreatment unit 19 heats the biomass 140 to the range of the non-carbonization temperature, the tar generated by heating can be reduced to a certain concentration or less (that is, the tar is prevented from being discharged more than a certain concentration). It is possible to suppress the transfer efficiency of biomass from being reduced or adhering to each part of the pretreatment unit 19 due to the generation of tar. From the above, the pretreatment unit 19 and the biomass supply apparatus 11 can efficiently pulverize biomass. In addition, since only a heating mechanism is provided around or inside the pretreatment unit 19, the apparatus configuration can be simplified. Furthermore, since generation of volatile gases such as tar can be suppressed, the generated tar can be appropriately burned in a boiler, tar adhesion to the apparatus can be suppressed, and maintenance of the apparatus can also be performed. Can be simple. Here, when the temperature of the biomass is 150 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C. or lower, tar generation can be more reliably suppressed, and the above effect can be obtained more reliably. Thus, pulverization can be improved while suppressing the influence of discharge of volatile gases such as tar.

  Moreover, the biomass 140 can be dried by heating the biomass 140 to the range of the non-carbonization temperature in the pretreatment unit 19. Thereby, the pre-processing unit 19 can be made into the state which dried biomass at the time of injection | throwing-in to the grinding | pulverization apparatus 26, and can abbreviate | omit drying with a grinding | pulverization apparatus. Thereby, various air can be used as the air supplied to the pulverizer 26, and air at normal temperature can also be used.

  The biomass heating means only needs to be able to heat the biomass to the range of the non-carbonization temperature, and the heating means itself may be at a temperature higher than the non-carbonization temperature.

  In addition, the pretreatment unit 19 is heated by burning biomass or the like, and the exhaust gas after supplying heat to the power generation unit is used as a heating source of the heating unit, so that the efficiency of the power generation system 10 as a whole is further increased. The generated heat can be used effectively.

  Moreover, the control part 130 is based on the measurement result of the temperature measurement part 120, The heating operation | movement of the heating means 100 and the conveyance operation | movement of the biomass by the feeder 25 so that the biomass of the vicinity of the exit of the feeder 25 may become non-carbonization temperature. And control. Specifically, the heating amount by the heating means 100 (for example, the supply amount of exhaust gas), the biomass conveyance speed by the feeder 25, and the like are controlled. The biomass conveyance speed is controlled by changing the rotation speed of the rotating unit and the angle of the screw of the rotating unit. Further, the control unit 130 calculates in advance an experiment or the like the relationship between the target non-carbonization temperature and the temperature measured by the temperature measurement unit 120 at the non-carbonization temperature, and the calculated result and the temperature measurement It is preferable to control the operation of each unit based on the temperature measured by the unit 120. Thereby, biomass can be appropriately made into the non-carbonization temperature. Note that the temperature measurement position by the temperature measurement unit 120 is preferably in the vicinity of the exit of the region where the heating means is disposed as in this embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this. In addition, without providing the temperature measurement unit 120, the heating operation may be controlled based on the set conditions so that the biomass is brought to a non-carbonization temperature.

  Here, in the pretreatment unit 19, the biomass is indirectly heated by passing the exhaust gas through the feeder 102 through the jacket 102 and the heat transfer pipe 104 as biomass heating means. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The unit 19 may heat the biomass to a non-carbonizing temperature before being discharged from the storage silo 20 and supplied to the crushing device 26. For example, what is necessary is just to heat the biomass in at least one place of the conveyance conveyor 23, the biomass storage tank 24, and the feeder 25. FIG. Moreover, the heating method of biomass is not limited to indirect heating, and may be heated by direct heating. Hereinafter, another embodiment of the preprocessing unit will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 12.

  First, a preprocessing unit according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the pretreatment unit. Here, the pre-processing unit 160 shown in FIG. 6 has the same configuration as the pre-processing unit 19 except for the configuration of the feeder 162 and the heating means 169. Therefore, the same components as those of the preprocessing unit 19 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, points unique to the preprocessing unit 160 will be described. A pretreatment unit 160 shown in FIG. 6 includes a biomass storage tank 24, a feeder 162, a pulverizer 26, and a heating unit 169. In addition, the preprocessing unit 160 includes a conveyor, a temperature measurement unit, a control unit, and the like in addition to the preprocessing unit 19.

  The feeder 162 includes a kiln 166 and an opening / closing valve 168. The kiln 166 is a kiln that guides the biomass supplied from the biomass storage tank 24 while heating it to a pipe provided with the on-off valve 168. The on-off valve 168 switches whether the biomass conveyed through the kiln 166 is supplied to the crushing device 26 by switching between opening and closing. In addition, the conveyance method of the biomass in the kiln 166 by the feeder 162 is not specifically limited. For example, biomass may be conveyed by exhaust gas supplied by the heating means 169 described later. The feeder 162 may be conveyed by belt conveyance.

  The heating unit 169 includes a pipe 106 and a pipe 108. Note that the heating means 169 includes a valve and the like in addition to these. One end of the pipe 106 is connected to the pipe 73 through which the exhaust gas flows, and the other end is connected to the upstream end of the kiln 166 in the biomass transport direction. Next, the pipe 108 has one end connected to the supply pipe 28 and the other end connected to the downstream end of the kiln 166 in the biomass transport direction. The heating means 169 is configured as described above, and the exhaust gas is directly supplied to a region where the biomass in the kiln 166 is held and transported by the pipe 106. Further, the exhaust gas supplied to the kiln 166 is discharged from the pipe 108. Thereby, the heating means 169 can heat the biomass in the kiln 166 by direct heating. In this case as well, the biomass is heated to a non-carbonizing temperature. By heating the biomass directly by heating as in the pretreatment unit 160, the biomass can be easily pulverized and unnecessary substances can be prevented from being discharged. The pretreatment unit 160 supplies the kiln 166 by supplying exhaust gas in a direction parallel to the biomass transport direction (supplying exhaust gas in the direction in which the transport direction and the exhaust gas flow direction are the same). Biomass can be conveyed by exhaust gas. In the present embodiment, exhaust gas is supplied in a direction parallel to the biomass conveyance direction, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the exhaust gas may be supplied in a direction in which the transport direction and the flow direction of the exhaust gas are opposite. That is, the exhaust gas may be supplied in a countercurrent manner. By supplying the exhaust gas in a countercurrent manner, the biomass can be heated more efficiently.

  Next, a preprocessing unit according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the pretreatment unit. Here, the pre-processing unit 170 shown in FIG. 7 is the same as the pre-processing unit 19 except for the configuration of the feeder 162 and the heating means 172. Therefore, the same components as those of the preprocessing unit 19 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, points unique to the preprocessing unit 170 will be described. A pretreatment unit 170 shown in FIG. 7 includes a biomass storage tank 24, a feeder 162, a pulverizer 26, and a heating unit 172. In addition, the preprocessing unit 170 includes a conveyor, a temperature measurement unit, a control unit, and the like in addition to the preprocessing unit 19.

  The feeder 162 includes a kiln 166 and an opening / closing valve 168. The kiln 166 is a kiln that guides the biomass supplied from the biomass storage tank 24 while heating it to a pipe provided with the on-off valve 168. The on-off valve 168 switches whether the biomass conveyed through the kiln 166 is supplied to the crushing device 26 by switching between opening and closing.

  The heating means 172 includes a plurality of divided jackets 173a, a pipe 174, a pipe 176, and a valve 177. The division jacket 173a is a hollow member arranged to cover the outer periphery of the kiln 166. In addition, the division | segmentation jacket 173a is arrange | positioned in each area | region which divided | segmented the kiln 166 into plurality in the conveyance direction of biomass. One end of the pipe 174 is connected to the pipe 73 through which the exhaust gas flows, and the other end is connected to the plurality of branch pipes 174a. The plurality of branch pipes 174a are connected to the respective divided jackets 173a. Next, the pipe 176 has one end connected to the supply pipe 28 and the other end connected to the plurality of branch pipes 176a. The plurality of branch pipes 176a are connected to the respective divided jackets 173a. The valve 177 is provided in each of the branch pipes 174a, and switches whether to supply exhaust gas to the split jacket 173a by opening and closing. The valve 177 can be opened and closed to adjust the distribution (flow rate) of the exhaust gas supplied to each branch pipe.

  The heating means 172 is configured as described above, and supplies exhaust gas to each of the split jackets 173a through the pipe 174 and the branch pipe 174a. Further, the exhaust gas supplied to the split jacket 173a is discharged from the pipe 176 and the branch pipe 176a. Thereby, the heating means 172 can heat the split jacket 173 and heat the biomass in the kiln 166 by indirect heating via the split jacket 173a. In this case as well, the biomass is heated to a non-carbonizing temperature. Further, the heating unit 172 can individually adjust the heating state of the divided jacket 173 by switching between opening and closing of the valves 177.

  Next, a preprocessing unit according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the pretreatment unit. Here, the pre-processing unit 180 shown in FIG. 8 is the same as the pre-processing unit 19 except for the point that the heating means 182 is provided on the transport conveyor 23. Therefore, the same components as those of the preprocessing unit 19 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, points unique to the preprocessing unit 180 will be described. A preprocessing unit 180 shown in FIG. 8 includes a transport conveyor 23 and a heating unit 182. In addition, the pretreatment unit 180 includes a biomass storage tank, a feeder, a temperature measurement unit, a control unit, and the like in addition to the pretreatment unit 19. Further, the transport conveyor 23 has the same configuration as the transport conveyor 23 of the pretreatment unit 19.

  The heating unit 182 includes a plurality of divided jackets 183 a, a pipe 184, a pipe 186, and a valve 187. The division jacket 183a is a hollow member disposed so as to cover the outer periphery of the transport conveyor 23. In addition, the division | segmentation jacket 183a is arrange | positioned in each area | region which divided | segmented the conveyance conveyor 23 into multiple in the conveyance direction of biomass. One end of the pipe 184 is connected to the pipe 73 through which the exhaust gas flows, and the other end is connected to the plurality of branch pipes 184a. The plurality of branch pipes 184a are respectively connected to separate division jackets 183a. Next, the pipe 186 has one end connected to the supply pipe 28 and the other end connected to the plurality of branch pipes 186a. The plurality of branch pipes 186a are connected to the respective divided jackets 183a. The valve 187 is provided in each of the branch pipes 184a, and switches whether to supply exhaust gas to the split jacket 183a by opening and closing.

  The heating means 182 is configured as described above, and supplies exhaust gas to each of the split jackets 183a through the pipe 184 and the branch pipe 184a. Further, the exhaust gas supplied to the split jacket 183a is discharged from the pipe 186 and the branch pipe 186a. Thereby, the heating means 182 can heat the division jacket 183a and heat the biomass in the transport conveyor 23 by indirect heating via the division jacket 183a. In this case as well, the biomass is heated to a non-carbonizing temperature. The effect similar to the above can also be obtained by heating the biomass conveyed by the conveyor 23 to the non-carbonizing temperature as in the pretreatment unit 180. Further, the heating means 182 can individually adjust the heating state of the divided jacket 183a by switching the opening and closing of the valves 187. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although biomass was heated by indirect heating, you may make it also heat the biomass conveyed by the conveyance conveyor 23 by direct heating. Moreover, it is preferable to use a wire mesh conveyor belt for the conveyance conveyor 23. Thereby, biomass can be made easier to heat. In the present embodiment, the exhaust gas is supplied to the conveyor 23 from the lower side in the vertical direction, but the present invention is not limited to this. The heating means may supply exhaust gas to the transport conveyor 23 so as to flow from the vertical upper side to the vertical lower side.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated as an example the case where waste gas (More specifically, the waste gas heated by burning biomass and a fossil fuel) was used as a heating means, it is not limited to this. For example, exhaust gas heated by burning at least one of biomass and fossil fuel may be used as the heating means. Moreover, the air supplied as a heating means is not limited to exhaust gas, What is necessary is just to be able to supply heated air. For example, a heating mechanism (heater or heat exchanger) for heating air may be provided separately, and air heated by the heating mechanism may be supplied. Moreover, it is good also as a mechanism which provides a combustor separately from a boiler, burns with biomass or a fossil fuel with the said combustor, heats air, and supplies the heated air.

  Next, a preprocessing unit according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. Here, FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the preprocessing unit. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the schematic configuration of the pretreatment unit. Here, the pretreatment unit 200 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 has the same configuration as the pretreatment unit 19 except for the configuration of the heating means 202. Therefore, the same components as those of the preprocessing unit 19 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, points unique to the preprocessing unit 200 will be described. A pretreatment unit 200 shown in FIG. 9 includes a biomass storage tank 24, a feeder 25, a pulverizer 26, a heating unit 202, and a pipe 203 that discharges a gas generated by heating. In addition, the pre-processing unit 200 includes a conveyor, a temperature measuring unit, a control unit, and the like in addition to the pre-processing unit 19.

  The heating means 202 includes a heater 204a, a heater 204b, a heater 204c, a heater 204d, and two heaters 206. The heater 204a is disposed on the upper surface of the guide tube 112 of the feeder 25, the heater 204b is disposed on the lower surface of the guide tube 112, and the heater 204c and the heater 204d are surfaces parallel to the longitudinal direction of the guide tube 112. (Side). That is, the guide tube 112 is surrounded by the heaters 204a and 204b, the heater 204c, and the heater 204d. The heater 206 is inserted into the hollow portion of the rotating unit 110. Note that various heating mechanisms can be used as the heaters 204a, 204b, 204c, 204d, and the two heaters 206.

  The heating means 202 is configured as described above, and the rotating unit 110 and the guide tube 112 are heated by the heater 204a, the heater 204b, the heater 204c, the heater 204d, and the two heaters 206, and the rotating unit 110, the guide The biomass in the guide tube 112 can be heated by indirect heating via the tube 112. In this case as well, the biomass is heated to a non-carbonizing temperature. Thus, even when a heating mechanism that does not use exhaust gas is used as the heating means, the energy efficiency of the entire apparatus is reduced, but the same effect as described above can be obtained. In the present embodiment, a heater is used, but a heating means using a thermal fluid other than exhaust gas may be used. As the heater, a heating mechanism using a heating wire, a heating mechanism using a halogen heater, or a heating mechanism using far infrared rays may be used.

  The pipe 203 has one end connected to the feeder 25 and the other end connected to the supply pipe 28. The pipe 203 collects gas generated by heating the biomass in the feeder 25 and discharges it to the supply pipe 28. Here, the gas generated when the biomass is heated includes combustion gas. By providing the pipe 203, the generated gas can be conveyed from the supply pipe 28 to the combustion burner 34. The generated gas supplied to the combustion burner 34 is discharged to the boiler body 31 so that the combustion gas is combusted. Thereby, the gas generated at the time of heating of biomass can also be processed appropriately.

  Next, a preprocessing unit according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the pretreatment unit. Here, the pretreatment unit 210 shown in FIG. 11 is the same as the pretreatment unit 180 shown in FIG. 8 except for the point that the heating means 212 is provided. Therefore, the same components as those of the preprocessing unit 180 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, points unique to the preprocessing unit 210 will be described. A pretreatment unit 210 shown in FIG. 11 includes a transport conveyor 23, a heating unit 212, and a pipe 230 that discharges a gas generated by heating. The pretreatment unit 210 includes a biomass storage tank, a feeder, a temperature measurement unit, a control unit, and the like in addition to the pretreatment unit 180. Further, the transport conveyor 23 has the same configuration as the transport conveyor 23 of the preprocessing unit 180.

  The heating unit 212 includes a plurality of divided covers 213 and a plurality of heaters 214. The division cover 213 is a box-shaped member disposed so as to cover the outer periphery of the transport conveyor 23. In addition, the division | segmentation cover 213 is arrange | positioned in each area | region which divided | segmented the conveyance conveyor 23 into multiple in the conveyance direction of biomass. The divided cover 213 is preferably formed of a material having high thermal conductivity, such as metal. The heaters 214 are arranged corresponding to the divided covers 213, respectively. The heater 214 heats the divided cover 213.

  The heating means 212 is configured as described above, and can heat the divided cover 213 by the heater 214 and heat the biomass in the transport conveyor 23 through the divided cover 213 by indirect heating. In this case as well, the biomass is heated to a non-carbonizing temperature. Thus, when a heating mechanism that does not use exhaust gas as the heating means is used for the conveyor 23, the energy efficiency of the entire apparatus is reduced, but the same effect as described above can be obtained. In this embodiment, a heater is used, but a heating means using a thermal fluid other than exhaust gas may be used. As the heater, a heating mechanism using a heating wire, a heating mechanism using a halogen heater, or a heating mechanism using far infrared rays may be used.

  The pipe 230 has one end connected to the split cover 213 and the other end connected to the supply pipe 28. The pipe 230 has one end branched into a plurality of branches, and each of the branch pipes is connected to the divided cover 213. The pipe 203 collects gas generated by heating the biomass in the divided cover 213 and discharges it to the supply pipe 28. Here, the gas generated when the biomass is heated includes combustion gas. By providing the pipe 230, the generated gas can be conveyed from the supply pipe 28 to the combustion burner 34. The generated gas supplied to the combustion burner 34 is discharged to the boiler body 31 so that the combustion gas is combusted. Thereby, the gas generated at the time of heating of biomass can also be processed appropriately.

  Further, instead of providing a heating means for heating the biomass on the transfer conveyor 23, a heating means for heating the biomass on the payout conveyor 22 may be provided.

  Next, a preprocessing unit according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the preprocessing unit. Here, the pretreatment unit 220 shown in FIG. 12 has the same configuration as that of the pretreatment unit 19 except for the configuration of the heating means 222. Therefore, the same components as those of the preprocessing unit 19 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, points unique to the preprocessing unit 220 will be described. A pretreatment unit 220 illustrated in FIG. 12 includes a biomass storage tank 24, a feeder 25, a pulverizer 26, and a heating unit 222. The preprocessing unit 220 includes a conveyor, a temperature measurement unit, a control unit, and the like in addition to the preprocessing unit 19.

  The heating unit 222 includes a pipe 106 and a pipe 108. The heating means 222 includes a valve and the like in addition to these. One end of the pipe 106 is connected to the pipe 73 through which the exhaust gas flows, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the biomass storage tank 24 in the vertical direction. Next, the pipe 108 has one end connected to the supply pipe 28 and the other end connected to the lower end of the biomass storage tank 24 in the vertical direction. The heating means 222 is configured as described above, and the exhaust gas is directly supplied to the biomass storage tank 24 in the region where the biomass is stored by the pipe 106. Further, the exhaust gas supplied to the biomass storage tank 24 is discharged from the pipe 108. Thereby, the heating means 222 can heat the biomass in the biomass storage tank 24 by direct heating. In this case as well, the biomass is heated to a non-carbonizing temperature. As in the pretreatment unit 220, the biomass in the biomass storage tank 24 can be heated directly by heating, so that the biomass can be easily pulverized and unnecessary substances can be prevented from being discharged. . In the pretreatment unit 220, the exhaust gas is supplied from the upper side in the vertical direction of the biomass storage tank 24. However, the exhaust gas may be supplied from the vicinity of the lower end in the vertical direction. In the pretreatment unit 220, the biomass stored in the biomass storage tank 24 is heated by direct heating. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be heated by indirect heating.

  Moreover, it is preferable to supply inert gas to the atmosphere which conveys biomass. By setting the inert gas atmosphere in this way, it is possible to suppress the biomass from reacting more than necessary in the transport path, and to reduce the possibility of combustion occurring. It is a gas that is less likely to burn than normal air. For example, a gas having an oxygen concentration of 10% or less.

  Moreover, although the heating means demonstrated by the said embodiment may each be provided individually, you may provide a several heating means in one pre-processing unit. Thus, by heating at a plurality of locations, it becomes possible to more appropriately heat to an appropriate temperature, and it is possible to suitably heat the biomass in the range of the non-carbonization temperature.

  Next, the pre-processing unit and biomass storage unit of other embodiment are demonstrated using FIG. Here, FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of another embodiment of the power generation system. A power generation system 240 shown in FIG. 13 is a biomass / coal mixed power generation system. That is, FIG. 13 is a power generation system that also shows a schematic configuration of a coal supply apparatus. In FIG. 13, the power generation device is not shown.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the power generation system 240 stores the biomass and preheats the pretreatment unit 19 that heats it to the non-carbonization temperature before discharging, and the pulverizer 26 that crushes the biomass heated to the noncarbonization temperature by the pretreatment unit 19. And a pipe 249 for supplying biomass pulverized by the pulverizer 26 to the combustion burner 34, coal pulverizers 252a and 252b provided with hoppers 251a and 251b for receiving coal 250, and coal pulverizers 252a and 252b. And a pipe 253 for supplying coal powder to the combustion burner 33. Further, the power generation system 240 has the same configuration as the boiler 30 of FIG. 1, such as the boiler body 31, the superheaters 43 and 44, and the reheaters 45 and 46 for recovering the heat of the exhaust gas as the convection heat transfer unit. It has each part.

  The boiler body 31 is provided with an air heater (AH) 262 in the middle of the flue provided at the furnace outlet of the furnace body, and the combustion exhaust gas passing through the air heater 262 is discharged from an ash collector or the like. It is released into the atmosphere through an exhaust gas treatment facility (not shown). High-temperature air 264 generated by heating the outside air 263 with the air heater 262 is supplied to the coal pulverizers 252a and 252b and used for drying the coal 250. A part 265 of the combustion exhaust gas is supplied to the pulverizing device 26 by the induction fan 266 and used for classification of biomass.

  Thus, by setting it as the electric power generation system provided with the biomass storage tank concerning this invention, biomass grinding | pulverization becomes favorable, ie, it can grind | pulverize efficiently. Thus, even when the pulverized product is directly introduced into the combustion apparatus and burned, stable combustion is possible without deteriorating the combustion performance. In addition, since the total amount of the pushed-in gas does not change from the conventional amount, there is no fluctuation in the primary air, and the biomass pulverizer can be operated stably within the range of the air amount required in the combustion facility. Is possible.

  The pretreatment unit according to the present invention can be applied to a combustion system using biomass as a fuel.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Power generation system 11 Biomass supply apparatus 19 Preprocessing unit 20 Storage silo 21 Air supply piping (air supply system)
22 Dispensing conveyor 23 Conveying conveyor 24 Biomass storage tank 25 Feeder 26 Crusher (mill)
27 Powder Separator 28 Supply Piping 30 Boiler 31 Boiler Body 32 Combustion Device 33 Combustion Burner for Fossil Fuel 34 Combustion Burner for Biomass 39 Air Supply Piping 42 Flue 51 Air Heater 52 Dust Removal Device 53 Blower 60 Power Generation Device 62 Piping Unit 100 Heating means 102 Jacket 104 Heat transfer pipe 106, 108 Pipe 106a, 106b, 108a, 108b Branch pipe 107 Valve 110 Rotating part 112 Guide pipe 114 Drive source 120 Temperature measuring part 130 Control part

Claims (10)

A pretreatment unit for supplying biomass to a pulverizing means for pulverizing biomass,
A biomass storage tank for storing biomass;
Supply means before storage for supplying biomass to the biomass storage tank;
A post-storage supply means for supplying the biomass stored in the biomass storage tank to the pulverization means;
A pretreatment unit comprising heating means for heating biomass in any one of the supply means before storage, the biomass storage tank, and the supply means after storage in a range of a non-carbonization temperature.   The pretreatment unit according to claim 1, wherein the heating unit heats the biomass conveyed toward the biomass storage tank by the supply unit before storage.   The pretreatment unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating unit heats the biomass conveyed toward the pulverizing unit by the supply unit after storage. The heating means includes a cover portion that covers an outer periphery of a biomass transport path, and a heating source that supplies heated air to the cover portion,
The pretreatment unit according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the biomass is heated by supplying heated air into the cover portion by the heating source.   The pretreatment unit according to claim 4, wherein the heating unit causes the heated air to flow in the same direction as the biomass transport direction.   The pretreatment unit according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the heating means uses air or exhaust gas whose temperature has been increased by burning at least one of the biomass and fossil fuel as the heating source.   The said heating means has an indirect heating source which indirectly heats the area | region containing the area | region where the said biomass is stored, The pre-processing unit of any one of Claim 2 to 6 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The pretreatment unit according to claim 7, wherein the heating means uses air or exhaust gas whose temperature is increased by burning at least one of the biomass and fossil fuel as the indirect heating source.   The pretreatment unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the heating means heats the biomass to 150 ° C or higher and 250 ° C or lower. A temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the atmosphere near the end of the region for heating the biomass;
10. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a control unit that controls the heating unit based on a detection result of the temperature detection unit and heats the biomass in a range of a non-carbonization temperature. The pretreatment unit according to item.

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