JP5713801B2 - Fluidized bed dryer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluidized bed drying apparatus for drying a material to be dried by fluidizing gas.

  For example, a combined coal gasification power generation facility is a power generation facility that aims to further increase the efficiency and environmental performance compared to conventional coal-fired power generation by gasifying coal and combining it with combined cycle power generation. This coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility has a great merit that it can use coal with abundant resources, and it is known that the merit can be further increased by expanding the applicable coal types.

  Conventional coal gasification combined power generation facilities generally have a coal supply device, a drying device, a coal gasification furnace, a gas purification device, a gas turbine facility, a steam turbine facility, an exhaust heat recovery boiler, a gas purification device, and the like. ing. Therefore, the coal is dried and then pulverized, supplied to the coal gasifier as pulverized coal, and air is taken in. The coal gas is combusted and gasified in this coal gasifier, and the product gas (combustible) Gas) is produced. Then, the product gas is purified and then supplied to the gas turbine equipment to burn and generate high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas to drive the turbine. The exhaust gas after driving the turbine recovers thermal energy by the exhaust heat recovery boiler, generates steam and supplies it to the steam turbine equipment, and drives the turbine. As a result, power generation is performed. On the other hand, the exhaust gas from which the thermal energy has been recovered is released into the atmosphere through a chimney after harmful substances are removed by the gas purification device.

  By the way, the coal used in such a coal gasification combined power generation facility is not only a high-grade coal (high-grade coal) having a high calorific value such as bituminous coal and anthracite, but also a comparison such as sub-bituminous coal and lignite. There is a low-grade coal (low-grade coal) with a low calorific value. This low-grade coal has a large amount of moisture to be brought in, and the power generation efficiency decreases due to this moisture. For this reason, in the case of low-grade coal, it is necessary to dry the coal with the above-described drying apparatus to remove moisture and then pulverize and supply the coal gasifier.

  As a drying apparatus for drying such coal, there is one described in Patent Document 1 below. The control method and apparatus for a fluidized bed dryer described in Patent Document 1 introduces exhaust gas, which is a heat source, into a fluidized bed dryer as a heat source / fluidized gas to dry the wet raw material, and is introduced into the lower part thereof. A part of the gas is bypassed and introduced in the vicinity of the exhaust gas outlet, and the amount of FBD (Fluidized bed dryer) introduced gas is set to a constant value to stabilize the fluidized bed, and the processing amount and the dryness are set. Set the FBD outlet exhaust gas relative humidity to prevent dew condensation in the exhaust gas system and the circulation system, further measure the exhaust gas temperature of the heat source, and according to the fluctuations, the FBD introduction gas temperature, bypass exhaust gas as control variables The amount, the amount of circulating exhaust gas, and the amount of exhaust gas from the heat source are calculated and controlled.

JP-A-10-253251

  In the control method and apparatus of the fluidized bed dryer of Patent Document 1 described above, the exhaust gas temperature as a heat source for introducing the fluidized gas into the fluidized bed dryer and drying the wet raw material is measured, and the fluidized bed is changed according to the variation. It controls the temperature of the dryer introduction gas, the amount of bypass exhaust gas, the amount of circulating exhaust gas, and the amount of exhaust gas from the heat source. However, low-grade coal with a large amount of moisture tends to stay in the apparatus, making it difficult to control the temperature, and it is difficult to always maintain stable operation and maintain the target throughput and dryness.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a fluidized bed drying apparatus capable of improving the drying efficiency.

  In order to achieve the above object, the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present invention includes a drying container having a hollow shape, a wet raw material charging unit for charging a wet raw material into one end of the drying container, and the other end of the drying container. A dry matter discharge unit that discharges a dry product obtained by heating and drying the wet raw material, a fluidized gas supply unit that forms a fluidized bed together with the wet raw material by supplying a fluidizing gas to a lower part of the drying container, and the dry container A gas discharge part for discharging fluidized gas and generated steam from above the wet raw material input part on one end side of the liquid, a heating part for heating the wet raw material of the fluidized bed, and the fluidized bed divided into predetermined sizes. A plurality of fluidized bed temperature detection sensors for detecting the temperature of the plurality of regions, a fluidized gas amount adjusting device for adjusting the amount of fluidized gas supplied from the fluidized gas supply unit for each of the plurality of regions, Multiple fluidized bed temperatures It is characterized in that and a control unit for controlling the fluidizing gas flow controller based on a detection result of the detection sensor.

  Therefore, when the wet raw material is charged into the drying container from the wet raw material charging part and the fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower part of the drying container from the fluidizing gas supply part, the wet raw material flows by the fluidizing gas. A fluidized bed is formed, and the wet raw material of the fluidized bed is heated by the heating unit to be dried to become a dry product. The dry product is discharged to the outside from the dry product discharge unit, while the fluidized gas and the wet raw material are discharged. Vapor generated by drying is discharged from the gas discharge portion to the outside. At this time, the plurality of fluidized bed temperature detection sensors detect the temperature of the plurality of regions in which the fluidized bed is partitioned, and the control device supplies each of the plurality of regions based on the temperature state of the plurality of regions. Adjust fluidized gas volume. Then, the amount of fluidized gas in the region where fluidization is not good is optimally adjusted, the drying degree of the wet raw material in the drying container becomes constant, and it becomes possible to always perform a stable drying treatment of the wet raw material, It is possible to improve the drying efficiency.

  In the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present invention, the control device adjusts the fluidized gas amount when the temperature of the plurality of regions becomes equal to or higher than a preset first predetermined temperature or equal to or lower than a preset second predetermined temperature. The apparatus is characterized in that the amount of fluidized gas in the corresponding region is increased by the apparatus.

  Therefore, when a flow failure occurs in a part of the region due to retention of wet raw material in the fluidized bed, the temperature of the region fluctuates. 2 When the temperature falls below a predetermined temperature, it is determined that the region is poorly flowed, and by increasing the amount of fluidized gas in this region, fluidization is promoted, and a stable wet raw material drying process is always performed. be able to.

  In the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present invention, the control device causes the flow in the region where the temperature deviation is large by the fluidized gas amount adjusting device when the temperature deviation of the plurality of adjacent regions is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. It is characterized by increasing the amount of gasified gas.

  Therefore, if the flow failure occurs in a part of the region due to the wet raw material staying in the fluidized bed, the temperature of the region fluctuates. When the temperature is higher than the temperature of the surrounding area, it is determined that the area that has fluctuated by a predetermined temperature or more compared to the temperature of the surrounding area is poor flow, and by increasing the amount of fluidized gas in this area, fluidization is promoted. A stable wet raw material drying process can always be performed.

  In the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present invention, the fluidized bed is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the horizontal direction by partition lines along the vertical direction, and temperature deviations of the plurality of regions adjacent in the horizontal direction are preset. When the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the fluidizing gas amount adjusting device increases the fluidizing gas amount in the corresponding region.

  Therefore, it is possible to always perform a stable wet material drying process in a plurality of regions adjacent in the horizontal direction.

  In the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present invention, the fluidized bed is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the vertical direction by partition lines along the horizontal direction, and temperature deviations of the plurality of regions adjacent in the vertical direction are preset. When the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the fluidizing gas amount adjusting device increases the fluidizing gas amount in the corresponding region.

  Therefore, it is possible to always perform a stable wet raw material drying process in a plurality of regions adjacent in the vertical direction.

  In the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present invention, the fluidized bed is divided into the plurality of regions with respect to the horizontal direction by a partition line along the vertical direction, and the plurality of the fluidized bed with respect to the vertical direction by a partition line along the horizontal direction. The fluidizing gas supply section has a plurality of fluidizing gas supply ports capable of supplying a fluidizing gas from below the plurality of regions partitioned in the horizontal direction, and the fluidizing gas amount The adjusting device has a plurality of flow rate adjusting valves for adjusting fluidized gas supply amounts supplied to the plurality of fluidized gas supply ports, and the control device is based on detection results of the plurality of fluidized bed temperature detection sensors. And adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of flow rate adjustment valves.

  Therefore, the fluidized bed is divided into a plurality of regions in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the control device determines a region where fluidization is not good based on the temperature state and adjusts the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve corresponding to this region. By doing so, the amount of fluidized gas from the corresponding fluidized gas supply port is optimally adjusted, the drying degree of the wet raw material in the drying container is constant, and the wet raw material is always stably dried. Is possible.

  According to the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of fluidized bed temperature detection sensors for detecting the temperature of a plurality of regions in which the fluidized bed is partitioned for each predetermined size, and a plurality of regions from the fluidized gas supply unit. Provided with a fluidizing gas amount adjusting device for adjusting the amount of fluidizing gas supplied to and a control device for controlling the fluidizing gas amount adjusting device based on the detection results of a plurality of fluidized bed temperature detection sensors. The amount of fluidized gas in the unfavorable region will be optimally adjusted, the drying degree of the wet raw material in the drying container will be constant, and stable drying of the wet raw material will be possible at all times, improving the drying efficiency. Can be possible.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the fluidized bed drying apparatus of this example. FIG. 3 is a schematic rear view of the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a coal gasification combined power generation facility to which the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present embodiment is applied.

  Exemplary embodiments of a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this Example, Moreover, when there exists multiple Example, what comprises combining each Example is also included.

  1 is a schematic side view of a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a coal gasification combined power generation facility to which the fluidized bed drying apparatus of this embodiment is applied.

  The coal gasification combined power generation facility (IGCC: Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle) of the present embodiment adopts an air combustion method in which coal gas is generated in a gasification furnace using air as an oxidizer and is purified by a gas purification device. Coal gas is supplied as fuel gas to gas turbine equipment to generate electricity. That is, the combined coal gasification combined power generation facility of this embodiment is a power generation facility of an air combustion system (air blowing). In this case, low-grade coal is used as the wet raw material supplied to the gasifier.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the coal gasification combined power generation facility 10 includes a coal supply device 11, a fluidized bed drying device 12, a pulverized coal machine (mill) 13, a coal gasification furnace 14, and a char recovery device 15. , A gas refining device 16, a gas turbine facility 17, a steam turbine facility 18, a generator 19, and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) 20.

  The coal feeder 11 includes a raw coal bunker 21, a coal feeder 22, and a crusher 23. The raw coal bunker 21 can store low-grade coal, and can drop a predetermined amount of low-grade coal into the coal feeder 22. The coal feeder 22 can transport the low-grade coal dropped from the raw coal bunker 21 by a conveyor or the like and drop it on the crusher 23. The crusher 23 can crush the dropped low-grade coal into a predetermined size.

  The fluidized bed drying device 12 supplies drying steam (superheated steam) to the low-grade coal introduced by the coal feeder 11 so as to heat and dry the low-grade coal while flowing. Moisture contained in the graded coal can be removed. The fluidized bed drying device 12 is provided with a cooler 31 for cooling the dried low-grade coal taken out from the lower portion, and the dried and cooled dried coal is stored in the dried coal bunker 32. Further, the fluidized bed drying apparatus 12 is provided with a dry coal cyclone 33 and a dry coal electrostatic precipitator 34 for separating dry coal particles from steam taken out from above, and the dry coal particles separated from the steam are dried coal bunker. 32 is stored. The steam from which the dry coal has been separated by the dry coal electrostatic precipitator 34 is compressed by the steam compressor 35 and then supplied to the fluidized bed drying device 12 as drying steam.

  The pulverized coal machine 13 is a coal pulverizer, and pulverizes the low-grade coal (dried coal) dried by the fluidized bed dryer 12 into fine particles to produce pulverized coal. That is, in the pulverized coal machine 13, the dry coal stored in the dry coal bunker 32 is dropped by the coal feeder 36, and the dry coal is converted into low-grade coal having a predetermined particle size or less, that is, pulverized coal. The pulverized coal after being pulverized by the pulverized coal machine 13 is separated from the conveying gas by the pulverized coal bag filters 37a and 37b and stored in the pulverized coal supply hoppers 38a and 38b.

  The coal gasification furnace 14 can supply pulverized coal processed by the pulverized coal machine 13 and can be recycled by returning the char (unburned coal) recovered by the char recovery device 15. .

  That is, the coal gasification furnace 14 is connected to the compressed air supply line 41 from the gas turbine equipment 17 (compressor 61), and can supply compressed air compressed by the gas turbine equipment 17. The air separation device 42 separates and generates nitrogen and oxygen from air in the atmosphere. A first nitrogen supply line 43 is connected to the coal gasifier 14, and a pulverized coal supply hopper is connected to the first nitrogen supply line 43. Charging lines 44a and 44b from 38a and 38b are connected. The second nitrogen supply line 45 is also connected to the coal gasification furnace 14, and the char return line 46 from the char recovery device 15 is connected to the second nitrogen supply line 45. Further, the oxygen supply line 47 is connected to the compressed air supply line 41. In this case, nitrogen is used as a carrier gas for coal and char, and oxygen is used as an oxidant.

  The coal gasification furnace 14 is, for example, a spouted bed type gasification furnace, which combusts and gasifies coal, char, air (oxygen) supplied therein or water vapor as a gasifying agent, and produces carbon dioxide. A combustible gas (product gas, coal gas) containing carbon as a main component is generated, and a gasification reaction takes place using this combustible gas as a gasifying agent. The coal gasification furnace 14 is provided with a foreign matter removing device 48 that removes foreign matter mixed with pulverized coal. In this case, the coal gasification furnace 14 is not limited to the spouted bed gasification furnace, and may be a fluidized bed gasification furnace or a fixed bed gasification furnace. The coal gasification furnace 14 is provided with a gas generation line 49 for combustible gas toward the char recovery device 15, and can discharge combustible gas containing char. In this case, by providing a gas cooler in the gas generation line 49, the combustible gas may be cooled to a predetermined temperature and then supplied to the char recovery device 15.

  The char recovery device 15 includes a dust collector 51 and a supply hopper 52. In this case, the dust collector 51 is constituted by one or a plurality of bag filters or cyclones, and can separate char contained in the combustible gas generated in the coal gasification furnace 14. The combustible gas from which the char has been separated is sent to the gas purification device 16 through the gas discharge line 53. The hopper 52 stores the char separated from the combustible gas by the dust collector 51. A bin may be disposed between the dust collector 51 and the supply hopper 52, and a plurality of supply hoppers 52 may be connected to the bin. A char return line 46 from the supply hopper 52 is connected to the second nitrogen supply line 45.

The gas purification device 16 performs gas purification by removing impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds from the combustible gas from which the char has been separated by the char recovery device 15. The gas purifier 16 purifies the combustible gas to produce fuel gas and supplies it to the gas turbine equipment 17. In the gas purifier 16, since the combustible gas from which the char is separated still contains sulfur (H ₂ S), the sulfur is finally removed by removing it with the amine absorbent. Is recovered as gypsum and used effectively.

  The gas turbine equipment 17 includes a compressor 61, a combustor 62, and a turbine 63, and the compressor 61 and the turbine 63 are connected by a rotating shaft 64. The combustor 62 has a compressed air supply line 65 connected to the compressor 61, a fuel gas supply line 66 connected to the gas purifier 16, and a combustion gas supply line 67 connected to the turbine 63. Further, the gas turbine equipment 17 is provided with a compressed air supply line 41 extending from the compressor 61 to the coal gasification furnace 14, and a booster 68 is provided in the middle. Therefore, in the combustor 62, the compressed air supplied from the compressor 61 and the fuel gas supplied from the gas purifier 16 are mixed and burned, and the rotating shaft 64 is rotated by the generated combustion gas in the turbine 63. By doing so, the generator 19 can be driven.

  The steam turbine facility 18 includes a turbine 69 that is coupled to the rotating shaft 64 in the gas turbine facility 17, and the generator 19 is coupled to the base end portion of the rotating shaft 64. The exhaust heat recovery boiler 20 is provided in the exhaust gas line 70 from the gas turbine equipment 17 (the turbine 63), and generates steam by exchanging heat between the air and the high temperature exhaust gas. Therefore, the exhaust heat recovery boiler 20 is provided with the steam supply line 71 between the steam turbine equipment 18 and the turbine 69 of the steam turbine equipment 18, the steam recovery line 72 is provided, and the steam recovery line 72 is provided with the condenser 73. Yes. Therefore, in the steam turbine facility 18, the turbine 69 is driven by the steam supplied from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 20, and the generator 19 can be driven by rotating the rotating shaft 64.

  The exhaust gas from which heat has been recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 20 is freed of harmful substances by the gas purification device 74, and the purified exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney 75 to the atmosphere.

  Here, the action | operation of the coal gasification combined cycle power generation equipment 10 of a present Example is demonstrated.

  In the coal gasification combined power generation facility 10 of the present embodiment, raw coal (low-grade coal) is stored in the raw coal bunker 21 by the coal feeder 11, and the low-grade coal of the raw coal bunker 21 is supplied to the coal. The machine 22 drops the crusher 23 where it is crushed to a predetermined size. The crushed low-grade coal is heated and dried by the fluidized bed drying device 12, cooled by the cooler 31, and stored in the dry coal bunker 32. Further, the steam taken out from the upper part of the fluidized bed drying device 12 is separated into dry coal particles by the dry coal cyclone 33 and the dry coal electrostatic precipitator 34 and compressed by the steam compressor 35 before being supplied to the fluidized bed drying device 12. Returned as drying steam. On the other hand, the dry coal particles separated from the steam are stored in the dry coal bunker 32.

  The dry coal stored in the dry coal bunker 32 is fed into the pulverized coal machine 13 by the coal feeder 36, where it is pulverized into fine particles to produce pulverized coal, which passes through the pulverized coal bag filters 37a and 37b. And stored in the pulverized coal supply hoppers 38a and 38b. The pulverized coal stored in the pulverized coal supply hoppers 38 a and 38 b is supplied to the coal gasification furnace 14 through the first nitrogen supply line 43 by nitrogen supplied from the air separation device 42. Further, the char recovered by the char recovery device 15 described later is supplied to the coal gasifier 14 through the second nitrogen supply line 45 by nitrogen supplied from the air separation device 42. Further, the compressed air extracted from the gas turbine equipment 17 to be described later is boosted by the booster 68 and then supplied to the coal gasification furnace 14 through the compressed air supply line 41 together with oxygen supplied from the air separation device 42.

  In the coal gasification furnace 14, the supplied pulverized coal and char are combusted by compressed air (oxygen), and the pulverized coal and char are gasified to generate combustible gas (coal gas) mainly composed of carbon dioxide. Can be generated. The combustible gas is discharged from the coal gasifier 14 through the gas generation line 49 and sent to the char recovery device 15.

  In the char recovery device 15, the combustible gas is first supplied to the dust collector 51, whereby the char contained in the gas is separated from the combustible gas. The combustible gas from which the char has been separated is sent to the gas purification device 16 through the gas discharge line 53. On the other hand, the fine char separated from the combustible gas is deposited on the hopper 52, returned to the coal gasifier 14 through the char return line 46, and recycled.

  The combustible gas from which the char has been separated by the char recovery device 15 is subjected to gas purification by removing impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds in the gas purification device 16 to produce fuel gas. In the gas turbine facility 17, when the compressor 61 generates compressed air and supplies the compressed air to the combustor 62, the combustor 62 is supplied from the compressed air supplied from the compressor 61 and the gas purification device 16. Combustion gas is generated by mixing with fuel gas and combusting, and the turbine 63 is driven by this combustion gas, so that the generator 19 can be driven via the rotating shaft 64 to generate power.

  The exhaust gas discharged from the turbine 63 in the gas turbine equipment 17 generates steam by exchanging heat with air in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 20, and supplies the generated steam to the steam turbine equipment 18. . In the steam turbine facility 18, the generator 69 can be driven through the rotating shaft 64 to generate electric power by driving the turbine 69 with the steam supplied from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 20.

  Thereafter, in the gas purification device 74, harmful substances in the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 20 are removed, and the purified exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney 75 to the atmosphere.

  Hereinafter, the fluidized bed drying apparatus 12 in the coal gasification combined power generation facility 10 described above will be described in detail.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the fluidized bed drying apparatus 12 includes a drying container 101, a raw coal charging port (wet raw material charging unit) 102, a dry coal discharging port (dry matter discharging unit) 103, and a fluidization It has a gas supply port (fluidized gas supply unit) 104, a gas discharge port (gas discharge unit) 105, and a heat transfer tube (heating unit) 106.

  The drying container 101 has a hollow box shape, and a raw coal charging port 102 for charging raw coal is formed on one end side, and a dried product obtained by heating and drying raw coal is discharged to the lower portion on the other end side. A dry charcoal discharge port 103 is formed. In this case, the raw coal input port 102 and the dry coal discharge port 103 are provided one by one at the end of the drying container 101, but a plurality of them may be provided. Further, the drying container 101 is provided with a dispersion plate 107 having a plurality of openings at a predetermined distance from the bottom plate 101a at a lower portion, so that an air box 108 is partitioned. The drying container 101 has a fluidized gas supply port 104 for supplying fluidized gas (superheated steam) to the bottom plate 101 a via the wind box 108 and above the dispersion plate 107. Further, in the drying container 101, a gas discharge port 105 for discharging fluidized gas and generated steam is formed in the ceiling plate 101b on the dry coal discharge port 103 side.

  The drying vessel 101 is supplied with raw coal from the raw coal inlet 102 and supplied with fluidizing gas from the fluidizing gas supply port 104 through the wind box 108 and the dispersion plate 107. A fluidized bed S having a predetermined thickness is formed above, and a free board portion F is formed above the fluidized bed S. A heat transfer pipe 106 that circulates in the fluidized bed S from the outside through the drying container 101 is disposed, and the raw coal can be heated and dried by the superheated steam flowing in the heat transfer pipe 106.

  Further, the drying container 101 is partitioned into a plurality of regions (45 in the present embodiment) by partitioning the fluidized bed S for each predetermined size (volume). In this embodiment, the fluidized bed S is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the horizontal direction by a plurality of partition lines LV1 and LV2 along the vertical direction, and a plurality of fluid lines S with respect to the vertical direction by partition lines LH along the horizontal direction. The area is divided. In this case, the partition lines LV1 and LV2 are orthogonal to each other and orthogonal to the partition line LH.

  Therefore, the fluidized bed S is partitioned so that three regions overlap in the vertical direction, and 15 regions are partitioned side by side in the horizontal direction. The wind box 108 is similarly partitioned into 15 wind chambers by fixing the partition plate 109 corresponding to the 15 regions partitioned in the horizontal direction, and the fluidized gas corresponding to each wind chamber. A supply port 104 is formed.

  The fluidized bed S of the drying container 101 is provided with a temperature sensor (fluidized bed temperature detection sensor) 111 that detects the temperature of the fluidized bed S at a substantially central portion in a plurality (45) of regions. In this case, each temperature sensor 111 is supported by a support rod (not shown) from the bottom plate 101a, the ceiling plate 101b, the side wall, and the like of the drying container 101.

  The drying container 101 is provided with a fluidizing gas supply line 112. The fluidizing gas supply line 112 is connected to a supply source (not shown) that supplies superheated steam at the base end, and the tip end branches off. Each fluidizing gas supply port 104 is connected. A flow rate adjusting valve 113 is attached to each branch line of the fluidizing gas supply line 112 connected to each fluidizing gas supply port 104. In this case, the plurality of flow rate adjustment valves 113 function as a fluidizing gas amount adjusting device that adjusts the amount of fluidizing gas supplied from the fluidizing gas supply line 112 to each of the plurality of regions via the fluidizing gas supply ports 104. To do.

  Moreover, the heat transfer tube 106 is arrange | positioned so that the drying container 101 may straddle all the area | regions divided into plurality, and this heat transfer tube 106 may be one and may be plural.

  The control device 114 can input the detection results of the plurality of temperature sensors 111 and adjust the openings of the plurality of flow rate adjustment valves 113. Therefore, the control device 114 can adjust the fluidized gas amount by adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of flow rate adjusting valves 113 based on the detection result of the temperature sensor 111.

  Specifically, the control device 114 determines a predetermined temperature (for example, 5 ° C. or 10 ° C.) in which the temperature deviation between adjacent regions is preset based on the temperature of each region in the fluidized bed S detected by the plurality of temperature sensors 111. ) If this is the case, the amount of fluidized gas in the corresponding region is increased by adjusting the opening of the flow rate adjusting valve 113. That is, when the temperature deviation of the adjacent area becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the control device 114 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 113 to increase the amount of fluidized gas in the area where the temperature deviation is large.

  Here, the operation of the fluidized bed drying apparatus 12 of the present embodiment will be described.

  In the fluidized bed drying device 12, the raw coal is supplied from the raw coal inlet 102 to the drying container 101 and the fluidized gas is supplied from the fluidized gas supply port 104 through the dispersion plate 107. A fluidized bed S having a predetermined thickness is formed above the dispersion plate 107. The raw coal moves through the fluidized bed S to the dry coal discharge port 103 side by the fluidizing gas, and is heated and dried by receiving heat from the heat transfer tube 106 at this time. In this case, the raw coal is heated and dried by the heat from the heat transfer tube 106 while moving from the raw coal inlet 102 to the dry coal outlet 103. Specifically, the raw coal is in a preheated state immediately after being fed from the raw coal inlet 102, and the water hardly evaporates. When the raw coal enters the drying region beyond the preheating region, the water evaporation starts and gradually increases. Then, the amount of evaporation becomes maximum, and decreases as the dry coal discharge port 103 is approached.

  Then, the dry coal from which the raw coal has been dried is discharged to the outside through the dry coal discharge port 103, and the steam generated when the raw coal is heated and dried in the fluidized bed S rises together with the fluidized gas and is discharged into the gas. The gas is discharged from the outlet 105 to the outside.

  At this time, the control device 114 supplies a predetermined amount of fluidizing gas through the fluidizing gas supply line 112 by setting the flow rate adjustment valve 113 to a predetermined opening degree. Then, the fluidizing gas supplied to the drying container 101 enters the wind box 108 from a plurality of (15) fluidizing gas supply ports 104 partitioned in the horizontal direction, and is supplied to each region partitioned from the wind box 108. The raw coal is fluidized by being supplied to the fluidized bed S. Therefore, in the drying container 101, the fluidized gas is supplied to the fluidized bed S and the heat of the heat transfer tube 106 acts, so that the fluidized bed S reaches a predetermined temperature, and a sufficient amount of heating and drying in the raw coal is ensured. Is done.

  When the supply amount of raw coal increases or the moisture content of raw coal increases in the operating state of the fluidized bed drying device 12, the temperature of the fluidized bed S decreases, and the raw coal becomes the bottom plate 101a of the drying vessel 101. Or adhere to the heat transfer tube 106 or the like and may stay. Here, the plurality of temperature sensors 111 detects the temperature of each region in the fluidized bed S and transmits it to the control device 114. When the temperature deviation of the adjacent region becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, The opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 113 is adjusted to increase the amount of fluidized gas in the region where the temperature deviation is large.

  That is, the control device 114 compares the temperature of the upper and lower regions with the temperature of the fluidized bed S in a specific region, the temperatures of the four side regions, and calculates the temperature deviation with respect to the region in the six directions. calculate. Then, it is determined whether or not the temperature deviation is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. If it is determined that the temperature deviation is not equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, nothing is done. On the other hand, if it is determined that the temperature deviation is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 113 corresponding to the specific region is increased, and the fluidized gas amount corresponding to this region is increased. In this case, the fact that the temperature deviation in the adjacent region is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature can be determined as a high possibility that the raw coal mass has accumulated in the region and the temperature has decreased. Therefore, when the amount of fluidized gas supplied to this region is increased, fluidization is promoted by increasing the superficial velocity by the fluidized gas increased in this region, and the retained raw coal can be dispersed. it can.

  In this case, it is performed for 45 regions in the fluidized bed S, and by increasing the amount of fluidized gas to a specific region where the temperature deviation is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the temperature deviation is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature. If not, the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve 113 is reduced, and the amount of fluidized gas in that region is reduced to a predetermined amount.

  As described above, in the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present embodiment, the drying container 101 having a hollow box shape, the raw coal charging port 102 for charging the raw coal to one end side of the drying container 101, and the drying container 101 A dry coal discharge port 103 for discharging dry coal obtained by heating and drying the raw coal from the other end side, and a fluidized gas supply port for forming a fluidized bed S together with the raw coal by supplying a fluidizing gas to the lower part of the drying vessel 101. 104, a gas outlet 105 for discharging fluidized gas and generated steam from above the raw coal inlet 102 on one end side of the drying vessel 101, and a heat transfer pipe 106 for heating the raw coal of the fluidized bed S are provided. The layer S is divided into a plurality of regions for each predetermined size, and the control device 114 controls the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 113 based on the temperature of each region detected by the temperature sensor 111.

  Therefore, when raw coal is introduced into the drying container 101 from the raw coal inlet 102 and fluidized gas is supplied from the lower part of the drying container 101 through the dispersion plate 107 from the fluidized gas supply port 104, the raw coal is supplied. When fluidized gas flows, a fluidized bed S is formed. When the raw coal of the fluidized bed S moves by fluidized gas, it is heated by the heat transfer tube 106 to be dried to become dry coal. Is discharged to the outside from the dry coal discharge port 103, while steam generated by drying the fluidized gas and raw coal is discharged to the outside from the gas discharge port 105. At this time, the control device 114 controls the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 113 based on the temperature of each region, and adjusts the amount of fluidized gas supplied for each region. Then, the amount of fluidized gas in the region where fluidization is not good is adjusted optimally, the degree of drying of the raw coal in the drying container 101 becomes constant, and it becomes possible to always perform stable drying processing of raw coal. It is possible to improve the drying efficiency.

  Further, in the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present embodiment, the control device 114 controls the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 113 when the temperature deviations of the plurality of adjacent regions are equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, and the corresponding. The amount of fluidized gas in the area is increased. Therefore, when flow failure occurs in a part of the region due to, for example, raw coal remaining in the fluidized bed S, the temperature of the region decreases. Then, it is determined that the region is poorly flowed, and by increasing the amount of fluidized gas in this region, fluidization is promoted, and stable raw coal drying treatment can always be performed.

  Further, in the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present embodiment, the control device 114 increases the amount of fluidized gas in the region where the temperature deviation is large when the temperature deviation of the plurality of adjacent regions exceeds a predetermined temperature. Therefore, when the temperature deviation of the adjacent region becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the control device 114 determines that the region where the temperature is lower than the surrounding region by the predetermined temperature is defective, and the fluidized gas in this region By increasing the amount, fluidization is promoted, and stable raw coal drying treatment can always be performed.

  In the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present embodiment, the fluidized bed S is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the horizontal direction by the partition lines LV1 and LV2 along the vertical direction, and the vertical direction by the partition lines LH along the horizontal direction. A plurality of fluidized gas supply ports 104 are provided correspondingly below the partitioned regions, and the flow rate is adjusted in the fluidized gas supply line 112 that supplies the fluidized gas supply ports 104. A valve 113 is provided, and the control device 114 adjusts the openings of the plurality of flow rate adjustment valves 113 based on the detection result of the temperature sensor 111. Therefore, the fluidized bed S is divided into a plurality of regions in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the control device 114 determines a region where fluidization is not good based on the temperature state, and opens the flow regulating valve 113 corresponding to this region. By adjusting the degree, the amount of fluidized gas from the corresponding fluidized gas supply port 104 is optimally adjusted, and the degree of drying of the raw coal in the drying vessel 101 is constant, so that the stable raw coal is always stable. It becomes possible to perform a drying process.

  In the above-described embodiment, the fluidized bed S is divided into 45 regions by a plurality of partition lines LV1, LV2, and LH. However, the number is not limited, and the size of the drying vessel 101 (fluidized bed S) is large. What is necessary is just to set suitably according to it. In the present embodiment, the entire fluidized bed S is divided into a plurality of regions. However, it is the region close to the raw coal inlet 102 that is likely to generate stagnant. Only a close region may be divided into a plurality of regions.

  In the above-described embodiment, when the temperature deviation of a plurality of adjacent areas is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature set in advance, the amount of fluidized gas in the corresponding area is increased. However, the present invention is limited to this configuration. It is not a thing. For example, when the temperature of each region is equal to or higher than a first predetermined temperature set in advance or the temperature of each region is equal to or lower than a second predetermined temperature set in advance, the amount of fluidized gas in the corresponding region is increased. . In this case, the first predetermined temperature is a temperature upper limit value for properly fluidizing the region, and the second predetermined temperature is a temperature lower limit value for properly fluidizing the region.

  In the above-described embodiments, low-grade coal is used as a wet raw material. However, even high-grade coal can be applied, and is not limited to coal, and can be used as a renewable biological organic resource. For example, it is also possible to use thinned wood, waste wood, driftwood, grass, waste, sludge, tires, and recycled fuel (pellets or chips) using these as raw materials.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Coal feeder 12 Fluidized bed dryer 13 Pulverized coal machine 14 Coal gasifier 15 Char recovery device 16 Gas refiner 17 Gas turbine equipment 18 Steam turbine equipment 19 Generator 20 Waste heat recovery boiler 101 Drying vessel 102 Raw coal input (Moist raw material input part)
103 Dry coal discharge port (dry matter discharge part)
104 Fluidization gas supply port (fluidization gas supply section)
105 Gas outlet (gas outlet)
106 Heat transfer tube (heating unit)
107 Dispersion plate 108 Air box 109 Partition plate 111 Temperature sensor (fluidized bed temperature detection sensor)
112 Fluidizing gas supply line 113 Flow rate adjusting valve (fluidizing gas amount adjusting device)
114 Control device F Free board part S Fluidized bed

Claims (4)

A drying container having a hollow shape;
A wet raw material charging unit for charging the wet raw material to one end of the drying container;
A dried product discharger for discharging a dried product obtained by heating and drying the wet raw material from the other end of the drying container;
A fluidizing gas supply unit that forms a fluidized bed with a wet raw material by supplying a fluidizing gas to a lower portion of the drying container;
A gas discharge part for discharging fluidized gas and generated steam from above the wet raw material input part on one end side of the drying container;
A heating section for heating the wet raw material of the fluidized bed;
A plurality of fluidized bed temperature detection sensors for detecting the temperature of a plurality of regions partitioned by a predetermined size of the fluidized bed;
A fluidizing gas amount adjusting device that adjusts the amount of fluidizing gas supplied from the fluidizing gas supply unit for each of the plurality of regions;
A control device that controls the fluidized gas amount adjusting device based on detection results of the plurality of fluidized bed temperature detection sensors;
Bei to give a,
The controller increases the fluidized gas amount in a region where the temperature deviation is large by the fluidized gas amount adjusting device when the temperature deviation of the plurality of adjacent regions is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature set in advance.
A fluidized bed drying apparatus. The fluidized bed is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to a horizontal direction by a partition line along a vertical direction, and when a temperature deviation of the plurality of regions adjacent in the horizontal direction is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, 2. The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the fluidized gas amount in the corresponding region is increased by the fluidized gas amount adjusting device. The fluidized bed is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to a vertical direction by a partition line along a horizontal direction, and when a temperature deviation of the plurality of regions adjacent in the vertical direction is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, 2. The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the fluidized gas amount in the corresponding region is increased by the fluidized gas amount adjusting device. In the fluidized bed, the plurality of regions are defined with respect to the horizontal direction by a partition line along the vertical direction, and the plurality of regions are defined with respect to the vertical direction by a partition line along the horizontal direction, The gas supply unit has a plurality of fluidizing gas supply ports capable of supplying fluidizing gas from below the plurality of regions partitioned in the horizontal direction, and the fluidizing gas amount adjusting device includes the plurality of fluidizing gases. A plurality of flow rate adjustment valves for adjusting fluidized gas supply amounts to be supplied to the gas supply ports; and the control device opens the plurality of flow rate adjustment valves based on detection results of the plurality of fluidized bed temperature detection sensors. The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the degree is adjusted.

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