JP2012055545A - Method for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil, method for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solid, equipment for treating polychlorinated biphenyl waste oil and equipment for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and equipment which permit PCB-contaminated waste oil and PCB-contaminated solids to be safely and surely detoxified and fuel gases to be collected from the PCB-contaminated waste oil for effective use.SOLUTION: The thermal cracking section 52 of a gasification melting furnace 50 thermally cracks and gasifies compressed blocks and PCB-contaminated waste oil, a gas reforming section 53 reforms generated gases, and a melting section 54 melts the compressed blocks and incombustibles of a trace quantity of PCB-contaminated waste oil. A supply device supplies the PCB-contaminated waste oil to the thermal cracking section 52 in a supply quantity accounting for ≤20 wt.% of the supply quantity of the compressed blocks.

Description

  The present invention relates to an insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) (referred to as “polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil”) and waste electrical equipment using such insulating oil (referred to as “polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solid”). The present invention relates to a method for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil, a method for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solids, a device for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil, and a device for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solids.

  In 2002, electrical equipment that does not use polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contains insulating oil contaminated with a small amount of PCB, such as several mg / kg to several tens mg / kg. Confirmed in July. It is estimated that the amount of electrical equipment is about 1.2 million units and the OF cable is up to 1,400 km. Such a small amount of PCB-contaminated waste electrical equipment (insulating oil contaminated with a small amount of PCB and it is used) In other words, it is technically safe, reliable, and it is necessary to examine a treatment method based on the characteristics of waste. Patent Document 1 has been developed as one of technologies for processing a small amount of PCB-contaminated waste electrical equipment.

  Patent Document 1 states that, among the trace amount of PCB contaminated waste electrical equipment, for the transformer, the PCB contaminated insulating oil is extracted and processed separately, and the transformer is heated in a fixed bed furnace or a continuous furnace, and remains in the transformer. The insulating oil is volatilized and transferred to exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas is incinerated by the exhaust gas treatment means to decompose the PCB. For the OF cable, the OF cable section cut so that the cross section is exposed is heated in a fixed bed furnace or a continuous furnace, and the insulation paper impregnated with a trace amount of PCB-contaminated insulating oil used in the OF cable is used. A small amount of PCB-contaminated insulating oil is volatilized and transferred to exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas is similarly treated.

JP 2010-115638 A

  In the method according to Patent Document 1, PCB-contaminated insulating oil is volatilized from a small amount of PCB-contaminated waste electrical equipment, heated, decomposed and rendered harmless. However, the insulating oil is mainly composed of chain saturated hydrocarbon derived from petroleum, and it can be expected to recover the fuel gas from this component. However, in the method according to Patent Document 1, the fuel gas is obtained from the PCB-contaminated insulating oil. There is a problem that it cannot be used effectively.

  Further, in the method according to Patent Document 1, it is necessary to separately process the PCB-contaminated insulating oil extracted from the transformer, and further, it is necessary to post-process the transformer and OF cable after volatilizing the PCB-contaminated insulating oil, There is a problem that it is not possible to render harmless PCB-contaminated waste electrical equipment harmless by a simple process.

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a method and apparatus capable of detoxifying PCB contaminated waste oil and PCB contaminated solids safely and reliably, and recovering fuel gas from PCB contaminated waste oil and effectively using it. The purpose is to provide.

<First invention>
In the method for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil according to the present invention, waste oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl is rendered harmless by a vertical gasification and melting furnace and gasified and recovered as fuel gas.

  In this polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated waste oil treatment method, in the present invention, in the present invention, the waste containing the fixed carbon is batch-compressed to form a compressed block, and the polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated waste oil is gasified and melted together with the compressed block. Pyrolysis and gasification by supplying to the pyrolysis section of the furnace, the generated gas is gas-reformed in the gas reforming section of the vertical gasification melting furnace, and the incombustible material is melted in the vertical gasification melting furnace A gasification and melting process that melts and discharges at a gas and a gas purification process that purifies the gas-reformed reformed gas and recovers it as fuel gas. It supplies to the said thermal decomposition part with the supply amount of 20 weight% or less of quantity.

<Second invention>
In the method of treating a polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated solid according to the present invention, the contaminated solid contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl is rendered harmless by a vertical gasification melting furnace and gasified and recovered as a fuel gas.

  In such a method for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solids, a compression step of batch-compressing a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solids and waste containing fixed carbon to form a mixture compression block; Pyrolysis and gasification is supplied to the pyrolysis section of the gasification melting furnace, the generated gas is gas reformed in the gas reforming section of the vertical gasification melting furnace, and the incombustible material is converted into the vertical gasification melting furnace. A gasification and melting step for melting and discharging in the melting portion of the gas, and a gas purification step for purifying the gas-reformed reformed gas and recovering it as a fuel gas. A mixture compression block is formed by mixing at a ratio of 20% by weight or less of waste containing fixed carbon.

<Third invention>
The apparatus for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil according to the present invention renders waste oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl harmless and gasifies and recovers it as fuel gas.

  In such a polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated waste oil treatment apparatus, the present invention includes a compression apparatus that batch-compresses waste containing fixed carbon to form a compression block, a pyrolysis section, a gas reforming section, and a melting section. Gas-type melting furnace, supply device for supplying compression block and biphenyl chloride-contaminated waste oil to the pyrolysis section, and gas purification for purifying the reformed gas reformed by the gas reforming section and recovering it as fuel gas The pyrolysis section of the vertical gasification and melting furnace is pyrolyzed and gasified from the compression block and polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated waste oil, and the gas reforming section gas-reforms and melts the generated gas. Part melts and discharges the non-combustible material of the compressed block and polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated waste oil, and the supply device supplies the polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated waste oil to the thermal decomposition section with a supply amount of 20% by weight or less of the compressed block supply amount. It is characterized in that an be fed.

<Fourth Invention>
The apparatus for treating polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated solids according to the present invention renders contaminated solids contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl detoxified and gasifies and collects them as fuel gas.

  In such a polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated solids treatment apparatus, in the present invention, a compression apparatus for batch-compressing a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated solids and waste containing fixed carbon to form a mixture compression block, and thermal decomposition Vertical gasification melting furnace having a gas refining section, a gas reforming section and a melting section, a supply device for supplying the mixture compression block to the thermal decomposition section of the vertical gasification melting furnace, and gas reforming in the gas reforming section And a gas purification device that purifies the reformed gas and recovers it as fuel gas. The pyrolysis section of the vertical gasification and melting furnace pyrolyzes and gasifies the mixture compression block, and the gas reforming section is generated. The gas is gas-reformed, the melting part melts and discharges the non-combustible material of the mixture compression block, and the compression device reduces the amount of polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated solids to 20% by weight or less of the amount of waste containing fixed carbon. Pressure as quantity Is characterized in that the shaping the block.

  In the first to fourth inventions, the gas reforming means that at least hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide that are useful as fuel gas are produced by reacting the hydrocarbon gas contained in the gas generated by pyrolysis and gasification with water vapor. And the thermal decomposition of the tar content contained in the generated gas.

  The present invention provides a method and apparatus capable of detoxifying polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil and polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solids safely and reliably, and recovering fuel gas from polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil and using it effectively. be able to.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the processing apparatus of the polychlorinated biphenyl contamination waste oil which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a processing apparatus for a trace amount of polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated insulating oil (hereinafter referred to as “PCB-contaminated waste oil”) according to the present embodiment. Before describing a specific configuration of the processing apparatus, first, an outline of processing of PCB-contaminated waste oil by the processing apparatus will be described.

  The processing apparatus is an apparatus for detoxifying and recovering gasified fuel oil as insulating oil contaminated with a small amount of polychlorinated biphenyl, that is, PCB contaminated waste oil. In this processing apparatus, first, waste containing fixed carbon is compressed batchwise by a compression device to form a compression block, and then PCB-contaminated waste oil is thermally decomposed in a vertical gasification melting furnace together with the compression block. Supply to the department. Here, “fixed carbon” refers to carbon that does not volatilize even when heated. In the pyrolysis section, an oxygen-containing gas is introduced, and the compressed block and the PCB-contaminated waste oil are pyrolyzed and gasified into carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and the like.

  In addition, an oxygen-containing gas is introduced in the gas reforming section of the vertical gasification melting furnace, the gas generated in the thermal decomposition section is gas reformed, and the reformed gas is washed and purified by a gas purifier. Recover as fuel gas. In addition, the incombustible material of the compression block and PCB contaminated waste oil is melted in the melting part and discharged as molten slag and molten metal.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a PCB contaminated waste oil processing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. Hereinafter, the configuration of the processing apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the processing apparatus 1 is provided with a waste input apparatus 10 that inputs a waste containing fixed carbon from above into a compression apparatus 20 described later. The waste input device 10 includes a hopper 11 that receives and stores waste from the outside, and a lid 12 that forms the bottom of the hopper 11 and can be freely opened and closed. The waste input device 10 inputs the waste into the compression device 20 when the lid 12 is in the open position.

  Below the waste input device 10, there is provided a compression device 20 for compressing the waste and forming a compression block. The compression device 20 includes a cylindrical portion 21 that extends horizontally at a position below the hopper 11, a piston 22 that reciprocates in the cylindrical portion 21 in the front-rear direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1), and the hopper 11. And a plate-like compression support plate 23 that reciprocates in the vertical direction at the downstream position (right side in FIG. 1) to open and close the downstream opening of the tubular portion 21. The cylindrical portion 21 has an inner wall section having the same shape and the same dimension as an inner wall section of a heating furnace 30 described later.

  In the compression device 20, the piston 22 moves forward (rightward) toward the compression support plate 23 in a state where the compression support plate 23 closes the downstream opening of the cylindrical portion 21 at the lowered position. The waste introduced from the hopper 11 is compressed between the piston 22 and the compression support board 23 in the front-rear direction, and the compression block P of the waste is formed. The compression block P is formed batchwise.

  A tunnel-type heating furnace 30 (hereinafter referred to as “heating furnace 30”) connected to the cylindrical portion 21 of the compression apparatus 20 extends in the horizontal direction on the downstream side of the compression apparatus 20. The heating furnace 30 is heated from the outside, and the compression block P supplied from the compression device 20 is dried in the heating furnace 30. The downstream end of the heating furnace 30 is connected to an inlet 51 of a vertical gasification and melting furnace 50 (hereinafter referred to as “gasification and melting furnace 50”). It can be supplied into the chemical melting furnace 50. Further, the upper wall of the heating furnace 30 is inclined upward toward the downstream side (right side in FIG. 1), and the passage is widened. As a result, a space is formed above the compression block P, and the water evaporated from the compression block P can be released.

  The processing apparatus 1 is provided with a supply device 40 for supplying PCB contaminated waste oil into the gasification melting furnace 50. The supply device 40 includes a tank 41 that stores PCB-contaminated waste oil, and a pump 42 that feeds the PCB-contaminated waste oil from the tank 41. In the present embodiment, the PCB-contaminated waste oil is sent by the pump 42 to a position before the charging port 51 of the gasification melting furnace 50. As will be described later, the fed PCB-contaminated waste oil is supplied into the gasification melting furnace 50 together with the compression block P.

  The gasification melting furnace 50 has a vertical portion extending in the vertical direction and a horizontal portion extending in the horizontal direction from the lower portion of the vertical portion. The portion extending in the vertical direction has a substantially lower half portion formed as a thermal decomposition portion 52 and a substantially upper half portion formed as a gas reforming portion 53. Further, the horizontal portion is formed as a melting portion 54.

  In the thermal decomposition section 52, the compressed block P and PCB contaminated waste oil are deposited to form a waste deposit layer Q, and the waste in the waste deposit layer Q and the PCB contaminated waste oil are gasified by pyrolysis and incombustible. The minutes are to be melted. A first oxygen-containing gas supply port 55 for supplying an oxygen-containing gas into the waste accumulation layer P is provided at the lower part of the side wall of the gasification melting furnace 50.

  In the gas reforming unit 53, as will be described later, the gas generated from the waste accumulation layer Q in the thermal decomposition unit 52 is reformed to generate a reformed gas. A plurality of second oxygen-containing gas supply ports 56 for supplying an oxygen-containing gas into the gas reforming unit 53 are provided on the upper side of the side wall of the gasification melting furnace 50.

  In the melting part 54, the melt generated in the thermal decomposition part 52 is heated, and carbon and the like contained in the melt are gasified and removed. A fuel gas supply port 57 for supplying fuel gas to the melting portion 54 is provided on the upper wall of the horizontal portion of the gasification melting furnace 50. Further, a melt discharge port 58 for discharging the melt to the outside is provided in the melt section 54 so as to extend downward.

  A gas duct 60 is provided at the top of the gasification melting furnace 50 and extends from a reformed gas discharge port 59 formed at the top to discharge the reformed gas generated in the gas reforming unit 53 to the outside of the furnace. Yes. On the downstream side of the gas duct 60, a cooling and washing water circulation device 70 for cooling and washing the reformed gas is provided. The cooling and washing water circulation device 70 is connected to the gas duct 60 and cools the reformed gas with the cooling washing water and removes water-soluble components, dust, carbon fine particles and the like from the reformed gas, Cooling and washing water used for cooling and washing the reformed gas in the cooling and washing apparatus 71 is stored, and a precipitation tank 72 for precipitating and separating solids contained in the cooling and washing water, and cooling from which the solids are separated. And a heat exchanger 73 for cooling the washing water. The cooled cooling cleaning water is returned to the cooling cleaning device 71 again.

  Further, on the downstream side of the cooling and cleaning device 71, a gas purification device 80 for purifying the reformed gas cooled and cleaned by the cooling and cleaning device 71 to generate a purified gas that can be used as fuel gas is provided. Yes. The gas purification device 80 includes an acid cleaning device 81 that dissolves and removes heavy metals from the reformed gas with acid cleaning water, an alkali cleaning device 82 that removes hydrogen chloride from the reformed gas with alkaline cleaning water, A desulfurization device 83 that removes hydrogen sulfide from the reformed gas and a dehumidifier 84 that removes moisture from the reformed gas are provided.

  Hereinafter, the processing of PCB contaminated waste oil by the processing apparatus 1 will be described.

  First, waste containing fixed carbon is stored in the hopper 11 of the waste input device 10. The lid 12 provided on the hopper 11 is opened, and a predetermined amount of the waste is put into the compression device 20. The compression device 20 moves the piston 22 forward with the compression support plate 22 brought to the lowered position, whereby the waste is compressed to form a dense compression block P. The compression block P is formed batchwise. The compression block P is sequentially formed, and the compression block P is pushed forward and supplied to the heating furnace 30.

  The cross-sectional shape of the compression block P is the same shape and the same size as the cross section of the inner wall of the inlet of the heating furnace 30, and the compression block P is pushed into contact with the inner wall of the heating furnace 30. Can seal the atmosphere in the furnace. Each time a new compression block is sequentially pushed, the compression block P moves toward the charging port 51 of the gasification melting furnace 50 while sliding in the heating furnace 30.

  As described above, the heating furnace 30 is heated from the outside, the inside is heated, and the moisture in the compression block P is evaporated and dried in the process of moving and raising the temperature of the compression block P. Also, the PCB-contaminated waste oil is sent from the tank 41 to a position before the inlet 51 of the gasification melting furnace 50 by the pump 42. The dried compressed block P and PCB-contaminated waste oil are charged and supplied from the charging port 51 of the gasification melting furnace 50 into the thermal decomposition unit 52 of the gasification melting furnace 50.

  The PCB-contaminated waste oil is preferably supplied to the thermal decomposition unit 52 at a supply amount of 20% by weight or less of the compression block supply amount. As a result, the amount of heat energy generated by burning fixed carbon contained in the waste molded as the compressed block P with the oxygen-containing gas can be set to an amount sufficient to thermally decompose the PCB-contaminated waste oil. It is. Further, if the above-mentioned ratio is larger than 20% by weight and the supply amount of PCB-contaminated waste oil is increased, it becomes difficult to obtain the amount of heat energy necessary for thermally decomposing the PCB-contaminated waste oil.

  The compressed block P and PCB-contaminated waste oil supplied into the pyrolysis section 52 form a waste accumulation layer Q. In the waste accumulation layer Q, an oxygen-containing gas is supplied into the waste accumulation layer Q from a first oxygen-containing gas supply port 55 provided in the lower part of the thermal decomposition unit 52. As a result, combustibles such as fixed carbon in the waste burn, and the volatile matter of the waste and PCB contaminated waste oil is volatilized and thermally decomposed by the thermal energy. By this pyrolysis, gasification into carbon monoxide, hydrogen, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, etc. is performed, and incombustibles (metal, ash, etc.) in waste and PCB-contaminated waste oil are melted to produce a melt. Is done.

  Further, in the melting part 54 connected to the lower part of the thermal decomposition part 52, the melt is heated by the high-temperature combustion gas generated by combustion of the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply port 57, and is contained in the melt. A small amount of carbon is removed by gasification, and the melt is discharged from the melt outlet 58 as molten slag and molten metal.

  In the gas reforming section 53 of the gasification melting furnace 50, an oxygen-containing gas is supplied from the second oxygen-containing gas supply port 56, and a part of the generated gas from the waste accumulation layer Q is burned to change the temperature atmosphere. The generated gas is retained in the region set to 1000 ° C. or higher, and the following gas reforming is performed.

In the waste accumulation layer Q of the pyrolysis section 52, hydrocarbons (such as methane) and carbon monoxide contained in the generated gas generated by thermal decomposition of the compressed block P and PCB contaminated waste oil are converted into the gas reforming section. In 53, it reacts with the water vapor contained in the generated gas by the reactions (1) and (2) below, and is reformed to contain a large amount of carbon monoxide and hydrogen useful as fuel gas.
CH ₄ + H ₂ O → CO + 3H ₂ (1)
CO + H ₂ O → H ₂ + CO ₂ (2)

  When the weight ratio of the water in the waste of the compressed block P supplied to the thermal decomposition unit 52 is 20% by weight or more, the generated gas contains sufficient water vapor, so the reactions (1) and (2) above Is preferable, and a reformed gas having a preferable composition as a fuel gas can be obtained.

In addition, when the weight ratio of water in the waste is less than 20% by weight, the amount of water vapor is small, so that the reactions (1) and (2) are difficult to be performed. A large amount of fine particles are generated, and scum is generated in the cooling and cleaning device 71. In the gas purification device 80, the scum adheres to the piping of the device and closes the piping to make continuous operation difficult. Since problems such as adverse effects on properties occur, it is not preferable.
2CO → C + CO ₂ (3)

  Therefore, when the weight ratio of the water in the waste is less than 20% by weight, in order to avoid the above-described problem, a supply device (not shown) for supplying water vapor or water is provided, and the gas reforming is performed. It is preferable to supply water vapor or water to the mass part 53.

  Further, the generated gas from the waste accumulation layer Q is retained in the gas reforming unit 53 in a region where the gas temperature is set to 1000 ° C. or higher, and cracking of tar contained in the generated gas is performed. Tar cracking means that the high molecular weight component of the tar is thermally decomposed into low molecular weight hydrocarbons or carbon monoxide, and when the reformed gas is used as fuel gas by removing the tar content. Troubles caused by tar can be avoided. Further, the hydrocarbon generated by cracking further reacts with steam to be reformed into carbon monoxide and hydrogen useful as fuel gas.

  Further, in the gas reforming unit 53, the gas generated from the waste accumulation layer Q is retained in a region where the gas temperature is set to 1000 ° C. or more, and the PCB contained in the generated gas is decomposed to generate hydrogen chloride. Hydrogen chloride is removed by a gas purifier 80 described later.

  The reformed gas generated in the gas reforming unit 53 is discharged from the reformed gas discharge port 59 at the top of the gasification melting furnace 50 to the gas duct 60 and is cooled by the cooling cleaning device 71 with the cooling cleaning water, Solids such as sexual components, dust, and carbon fine particles are washed away by the cooling washing water. The cooling / washing water used for the cooling and cooling of the reformed gas is guided to the settling tank 72 to precipitate and separate the solid matter. The cooling and washing water from which the solid matter has been separated is cooled by the heat exchanger 73 and introduced into the cooling and washing apparatus 71 again. In addition, a part of the cooling washing water stored in the precipitation tank 72 is extracted to a washing water treatment apparatus (not shown), added with alkali, and precipitated calcium ions and the like dissolved in the cooling washing water. Separated and recovered as brine.

  The reformed gas cleaned by the cooling cleaning device 71 is guided to the gas purification device 80, and heavy metals are dissolved and removed from the reformed gas by the acid cleaning device 81 by the acid water. The reformed gas contains hydrogen chloride produced by the decomposition of PCB contained in the PCB-contaminated waste oil, and the hydrogen chloride is absorbed and removed by the alkali cleaning water in the alkali cleaning device 82. Further, the reformed gas contains hydrogen chloride generated in the gasification of the waste from the chlorine contained in the waste, and this hydrogen chloride is also contained in the alkaline cleaning device 82. And removed with alkaline washing water. Further, hydrogen sulfide in the reformed gas is removed by the desulfurization device 83. Then, the moisture in the reformed gas is removed by the dehumidifier 84. As a result, purified gas that can be used as fuel gas is recovered.

  The waste containing fixed carbon is preferably one having a weight ratio of fixed carbon in the waste of 3% by weight or more. This is because the amount of thermal energy generated by burning fixed carbon in the waste with the oxygen-containing gas in the thermal decomposition unit 52 can be sufficient to thermally decompose the PCB-contaminated waste oil. In addition, by using a fixed carbon with a weight ratio of 5% by weight or more, it is possible to obtain a sufficient amount of thermal energy to thermally decompose the PCB-contaminated waste oil and to thermally decompose the waste. More preferable.

  Weight ratio of PCB contaminated waste oil supply to compressed block supply, moisture in waste containing fixed carbon, so that the volume ratio of the reformed gas discharged from the gas reforming unit 53 is 33% by volume or more. By adjusting the weight ratio of water and the amount of steam or water supplied to the gas reforming unit 53, the PCB-contaminated waste oil is pyrolyzed and gas-reformed into a gas useful as a fuel gas such as hydrogen or carbon monoxide. It is possible to avoid the problems caused by the large amount of carbon fine particles described above. However, as the volume ratio of moisture in the reformed gas increases, the thermal efficiency becomes worse. Therefore, the upper limit of the volume ratio of moisture in the reformed gas is preferably about 50% by volume from the viewpoint of thermal efficiency.

  If the oxygen-containing gas supplied to the pyrolysis section 52 and the gas reforming section 53 has a large amount of components such as nitrogen other than oxygen, the amount of nitrogen is included in the fuel gas as it is, and the properties as the fuel gas are lowered. Therefore, it is preferable that the oxygen-containing gas to be supplied has a high concentration with an oxygen concentration of 80% by volume or more.

  In this embodiment, the PCB-contaminated waste oil is supplied to the gasification and melting furnace together with the compressed block of the waste containing the fixed carbon, but instead, a mixture of the waste containing the fixed carbon and the PCB-contaminated waste oil. Is compressed to form a mixture compression block, and fuel gas can be generated from the mixture compression block in the same manner as in this embodiment.

  In this embodiment, the PCB-contaminated waste oil is supplied to the gasification melting furnace, but instead, a polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solid (hereinafter referred to as “PCB-contaminated solid”) may be supplied. Here, the polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solid means an electrical device, an OF cable, or the like that uses insulating oil contaminated with a small amount of PCB. In this case, a mixture compression block formed by compressing a mixture of waste containing fixed carbon and PCB-contaminated solids can be supplied to the gasification melting furnace 50. That is, the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment can be used for processing any of PCB contaminated waste oil and PCB contaminated solids.

  According to this embodiment, the PCB-contaminated waste oil and the PCB-contaminated solid can be made harmless safely and reliably, and the fuel gas can be recovered from the PCB-contaminated waste oil and effectively used.

  A solid waste containing 8% by weight of fixed carbon and 32% by weight of water was compressed into a compressed block and charged into the gasification and melting furnace shown in FIG. PCB contaminated waste oil (polychlorinated biphenyl concentration: 48 mg / kg) was added at a weight ratio of 11% by weight to the compression block at a position before the charging port charged into the gasification melting furnace. Pure oxygen was supplied to the pyrolysis section of the gasification melting furnace, and pyrolysis and gasification were performed by the heat of reaction between fixed carbon and oxygen, and incombustibles were melted to recover slag and metal. Although the elution amount of polychlorinated biphenyl in slag and metal was measured, it was less than the lower limit of quantification, and was less than the elution standard value of 0.003 mg / L.

Further, oxygen was supplied to the gas reforming section of the gasification melting furnace, and the temperature at the gas reforming section outlet was adjusted to about 1200 ° C. The reformed gas was rapidly cooled to about 70 ° C., washed with acid, washed with alkali, desulfurized and dehumidified to recover fuel gas mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The polychlorinated biphenyl concentration in the obtained purified gas (fuel gas) was less than 0.01 mg / Nm ³ which is the lower limit of quantification. Further, the concentration of polychlorinated biphenyl of brine recovered from the cooling and washing water obtained by cooling and washing the reformed gas was less than 0.0005 mg / L, which is the lower limit of quantification. As a result, it was confirmed that the waste oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl was rendered harmless and recovered as fuel gas.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing apparatus 20 Compression apparatus 40 Supply apparatus 50 Gasification melting furnace (vertical gasification melting furnace)
52 Pyrolysis section 53 Gas reforming section 54 Melting section 80 Gas purification device

Claims (4)

A method for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil, wherein waste oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl is detoxified by a vertical gasification and melting furnace and gasified and recovered as fuel gas,
A compression process in which waste containing fixed carbon is compressed batchwise to form a compression block;
Polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated waste oil together with the compression block is supplied to the pyrolysis section of the vertical gasification and melting furnace to be pyrolyzed and gasified, and the generated gas is gas reformed in the gas reforming section of the vertical gasification and melting furnace. A gasification and melting step of melting and discharging incombustibles in the melting section of the vertical gasification and melting furnace,
A gas purification step of purifying the gas reformed reformed gas and recovering it as fuel gas,
A method for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil, characterized in that, in the gasification and melting step, polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil is supplied to the pyrolysis section at a supply amount of 20% by weight or less of the compressed block supply amount. A method for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solids, in which contaminated solids contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl are rendered harmless by a vertical gasification melting furnace and gasified and recovered as fuel gas,
A compression step of batch-compressing a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated solids and waste containing fixed carbon to form a mixture compression block;
The mixture compression block is supplied to the pyrolysis section of the vertical gasification and melting furnace to be pyrolyzed and gasified, and the generated gas is gas reformed in the gas reforming section of the vertical gasification and melting furnace, and the incombustible material is A gasification and melting step of melting and discharging in the melting section of the vertical gasification melting furnace;
A gas purification step of purifying the gas reformed reformed gas and recovering it as fuel gas,
The polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated solid is formed by mixing the polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated solid at a ratio of 20% by weight or less of the waste containing the fixed carbon in the compression step. Method. An apparatus for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil that detoxifies waste gas contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl and gasifies and recovers it as fuel gas,
A compression device for batch-compressing waste containing fixed carbon to form a compression block;
Vertical gasification melting furnace having a pyrolysis section, a gas reforming section and a melting section;
A supply device for supplying a compression block and waste waste oil contaminated with biphenyl chloride to the pyrolysis section;
A gas purifier for purifying the reformed gas gas-reformed in the gas reforming section and recovering it as fuel gas;
The pyrolysis section of the vertical gasification melting furnace pyrolyzes and gasifies the compression block and polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated waste oil, the gas reforming section gas reforms the generated gas, and the melting section is a compression block. And melt and discharge the non-combustible waste of polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated waste oil,
The apparatus for treating polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil is characterized in that the polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated waste oil is supplied to the pyrolysis section at a supply amount of 20% by weight or less of the compressed block supply amount. An apparatus for treating polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated solids, which detoxifies contaminated solids contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl and gasifies and recovers it as fuel gas,
A compression apparatus for batch-compressing a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated solids and waste containing fixed carbon to form a mixture compression block;
Vertical gasification melting furnace having a pyrolysis section, a gas reforming section and a melting section;
A supply device for supplying the mixture compression block to the thermal decomposition section of the vertical gasification melting furnace;
A gas purifier for purifying the reformed gas gas-reformed in the gas reforming section and recovering it as fuel gas;
The pyrolysis section of the vertical gasification melting furnace pyrolyzes and gasifies the mixture compression block, the gas reforming section gas reforms the generated gas, and the melting section melts the incombustible material of the mixture compression block. Discharge,
The above-mentioned compression apparatus forms a compression block with the amount of polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solids being 20% by weight or less of the amount of waste containing fixed carbon, and the treatment of polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated solids apparatus.

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