JP2012032134A - Heat exchange type ventilation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat exchange type ventilation device for use in a cold region or the like that can ensure a necessary ventilation volume in a room.SOLUTION: The heat exchange type ventilation device includes: a total heat exchange element 13 in which a plurality of partition plates 24 having heat-transfer property, moisture permeability and water resistant property are overlapped with one another at a predetermined interval; and a supply airflow switching unit 8 and an exhaust airflow switching unit 9 for reversing respectively the direction of the exhaust airflow and the direction of the supply airflow flowing in the total heat exchange element 13. The reversing of the exhaust airflow can help evaporate and dissolve dew condensing and freezing in the exhaust path 7 in the total heat exchange element 13. The promotion of a water transfer to a supply air path 6 from an exhaust air path 7 reduces the amount of dew condensing and freezing in the heat exchange type ventilation device. The device operates continuously while preventing the pressure loss in the exhaust air path 7 from extremely increasing. Thus, the heat exchange type ventilation device ensuring a necessary ventilation volume in the room can be obtained.

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchange type ventilator that is used in cold districts or the like and exchanges heat between an exhaust flow for exhausting indoor air to the outside and a supply air flow for supplying outdoor air to the interior. .

  This type of heat exchange type ventilator has an adjacent outdoor unit in the flow path of the heat exchange element in which a warm exhaust flow ventilated from the room flows when the outdoor temperature becomes low, for example, −10 ° C. or lower in winter. The exhaust flow is cooled by the cold air supplied from the air, causing the flow path of the exhaust flow to clog due to condensation and icing, but clogging due to condensation and icing is clogged with conventional heat exchange ventilators. The structure which prevents by the operation stop was taken (for example, refer patent document 1).

  Moreover, in an area where the outdoor temperature is extremely low such as −25 ° C., there is actually no heat exchange type ventilator for practical use.

  Hereinafter, the heat exchange type ventilator disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The heat exchanger unit 101 exchanges heat between indoor air and outdoor air. As shown in FIG. 5, the heat exchanger unit 101 exhausts heat from the heat exchanger 102, indoor air to the outside, and supplies the exhaust air passage 103 that passes through the heat exchanger 102 and the outdoor air to the room. An air supply path 104 that passes through the heat exchanger 102, an exhaust fan 105 that is incorporated in the exhaust path 103, an air supply fan 106 that is incorporated in the air supply path 104, and a temperature sensor 107 that detects the outside air temperature of the outdoor air. And a control unit that controls the operation of the exhaust fan 105 and the supply fan 106 according to the outside air temperature detected by the temperature sensor 107.

  And the control part of the heat exchanger unit 101 performs two freezing suppression controls according to outside air temperature, in order to suppress that the heat exchanger 102 freezes, when outside temperature falls below -10 degreeC. These two freeze suppression controls are a first freeze suppression control and a second freeze suppression control.

  The first freezing suppression control is a control for suppressing freezing of the heat exchanger 102 when the outside air temperature falls below −10 ° C., and the exhaust fan 105 is always operated and the operation of the air supply fan 106 is performed for 60 minutes. Repeat the operation to pause for the first 15 minutes.

  The second freezing suppression control is a control that suppresses freezing of the heat exchanger 102 more strongly than the first freezing suppression control when the outside air temperature falls below −15 ° C., and the exhaust fan 105 and the supply fan 106 are controlled. Perform intermittent operation. In the second freezing suppression control, the exhaust fan 105 and the air supply fan 106 are paused for 60 minutes and then restarted for 5 minutes.

  Some heat exchange type ventilators of this type prevent clogging due to condensation and icing by introducing indoor air into an air supply passage (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  Hereinafter, the heat exchange type ventilator will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the heat exchange ventilator described in Patent Document 2 is a ventilator having a total heat exchange element 109 inside the heat exchange chamber 108, and outdoor air is supplied by an outdoor air supply path 111. And indoor air is taken in by the indoor exhaust passage 112.

  The taken-out outdoor and indoor air is heat-exchanged by the total heat exchange element 109, the outdoor air is supplied into the room through the indoor air supply path 110, and the indoor air is discharged outside through the outdoor exhaust path 113. The

  Furthermore, a bypass passage 114 that communicates the indoor exhaust passage 112 and the outdoor air supply passage 111 and a temperature detector 118 attached to the indoor air supply passage 110 are provided, and a control passage is provided at the inlet of the bypass passage 114. 116 and a fluid element 115 having an opening / closing mechanism 117.

  The opening / closing mechanism 117 closes the opening of the control path 116 when the temperature detector 118 detects a low temperature equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature, and opens the opening when the temperature exceeds a predetermined value. Therefore, when the temperature of the air supply airflow is equal to or lower than the predetermined value, at least a part of the indoor exhaust is introduced into the outdoor air supply passage 111 via the bypass passage 114. The indoor exhaust flow is supplied to the total heat exchange element 109 without being introduced into the bypass passage 114.

  Furthermore, some heat exchange type ventilators of this type prevent clogging due to condensation and icing by reversing the flow of the supply air flow and exhaust flow that hit the heat exchange element (for example, Patent Document 3). reference).

  Hereinafter, the heat exchange type ventilator will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the ventilation device 119 described in Patent Document 3 includes a support 120 and a cap 121, an intermediate plate 122, an intermediate cylinder 123, a fan 124, an element portion 125, a partition plate 126, and an air supply / exhaust port 129. It is installed on the wall 130 that separates indoor and outdoor. A plurality of heat pipes 128 including fins 127 are provided in parallel in the axial direction in the cylindrical element portion 125. The ventilator 119 is formed in a bilaterally symmetric shape, and when attached to the wall 130, a wall is located at the center along the axial direction of the ventilator 119, and the ventilator 119 is left and right by the wall 130. Divided into two, one half is exposed outdoors and the other half is exposed indoors.

  When used in the state shown in FIG. 7A, cold air from the outside (S) is sucked in from the opening on the right side of the support tool 120 and the air supply / exhaust port 129 of the cap 121 as shown by the arrow by the rotation of the fan 124. Then, it passes through the opening of the intermediate plate 122 and the intermediate cylinder 123 and the space above each partition plate 126 of the element part 125, and is discharged indoors (R) from the air supply / exhaust port 129 of the intermediate cylinder 123. Further, indoor warm air is sucked in from the opening on the left side of the support 120 and the air supply / exhaust port 129 of the cap 121 as shown by the arrows, and the partition plate 126 of the opening of the intermediate plate 122 and the intermediate cylinder 123 and the element portion 125. It passes through the lower space and is discharged from the air supply / exhaust port 129 of the intermediate cylinder 123 to the outside (S).

  When the temperature of the outside air is 0 ° C. or lower, after operating in this state for a certain period of time, as shown in FIG. 7B, a member in which the cap 121, the intermediate plate 122, and the intermediate cylinder 123 are integrated is 180 °. I'll rotate it. Then, while the rotation direction of the fan 124 remains the same, the flow of the wind hitting the heat pipe 128 is reversed, and the indoor warm air hits the heat pipe 128 having a high possibility of freezing first.

JP 2003-148780 A JP 60-64146 A JP-A-60-155841

  In such a conventional heat exchange type ventilator, as exemplified in Patent Document 1, when the outdoor temperature becomes low in winter, the warm exhaust air flow becomes a low-temperature air supply air adjacent to the exhaust passage inside the heat exchange element. In response to the problem that the exhaust path is clogged due to cooling and condensation, the operation is stopped for a predetermined time. Therefore, for example, if only the supply air is stopped, the room becomes negative pressure, and the outdoor air flows from the gaps in the building, causing a cold draft and condensation in the indoor space. When the system is stopped, there is a problem that it is difficult to secure the necessary ventilation volume in the room.

  Further, as exemplified in Patent Document 2, a heat exchange type ventilator has been devised in which the operation is not stopped, the warm exhaust flow is bypassed, and heat is exchanged after mixing in the cold supply air flow. In this configuration, the hot and humid indoor air guided by the bypass mixes with the low-temperature and low-humidity air taken in from the outside, so that there is a problem that condensation or icing occurs at the mixing site, and the indoor air is supplied. Since it is mixed in the airflow, the ventilation efficiency as a ventilation device is lowered, and similarly, there is a problem that it is difficult to secure the necessary ventilation amount in the room.

  Furthermore, as exemplified in Patent Document 3, a heat exchange type ventilator configured to reverse the flow of the supply airflow and the exhaust airflow hitting the heat exchange element has been devised. In this configuration, the supply air flow and the exhaust flow are reversed, and it is difficult to evaporate all the water and condensation generated by melting the ice formed in the heat exchange element, and water accumulates in the low temperature exhaust path. For this reason, particularly when a laminated heat exchange element is used, the pressure loss inside the element and the exhaust path is greatly increased, which makes it difficult to secure the necessary ventilation volume in the room. In addition, the high-temperature and humid indoor air before heat exchange and the cryogenic air before heat exchange, and the low-temperature air after heat exchange and the cryogenic air before heat exchange are mixed by inversion. There is a problem that condensation or icing occurs, and the inversion site may malfunction.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and in a cold district or the like, a heat exchange element that secures a necessary ventilation amount in a room and can continuously operate under conditions where condensation or icing occurs inside the heat exchange element. An object is to provide a replaceable ventilation device.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a heat supply path, moisture permeability, and water-resistant partition plates that are stacked on a plurality of layers at predetermined intervals, and an air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room and indoor air. The first air blowing means is provided with a total heat exchange element formed so that the exhaust path for discharging the air to the outside alternately passes through each of the layers formed by the partition plate, and ventilates the air supply path and the exhaust path, respectively. And second air blowing means, and reversing means for reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the air supply path and the exhaust path, respectively, and the direction of the gas flowing through the exhaust path is reversed to generate the exhaust path. The heat exchange type ventilator is characterized in that condensation evaporates into the exhaust path and the humidity in the exhaust path is increased, thereby achieving the intended purpose.

  In the present invention, the partition plate having heat conductivity, moisture permeability, and water resistance is stacked on a plurality of layers at predetermined intervals, and an air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room and an exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outside are A total heat exchange element formed so as to alternately pass through the respective layers constituted by the partition plate, and a first air blowing means and a second air blowing means for ventilating the air supply path and the exhaust path, respectively, Reversing means for reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the air supply path and the exhaust path is provided, and the ice generated in the exhaust path is melted into the exhaust path by reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the exhaust path. Thus, the heat exchanging ventilator is characterized in that it moves in the exhaust path, thereby achieving the intended purpose.

  According to the present invention, the heat transfer, moisture permeability, and water-resistant partition plates are stacked on a plurality of layers at predetermined intervals, and the air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room and the exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outside are provided. A total heat exchange element formed so as to alternately pass through each of the layers constituted by the partition plate, and a first air blowing unit and a second air blowing unit for ventilating the air supply path and the exhaust path, respectively. Reversing means for reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the air supply path and the exhaust path is provided, and the dew generated in the exhaust path evaporates into the exhaust path by reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the exhaust path. And it was set as the structure characterized by raising the humidity in an exhaust path.

  With this configuration, when condensation or icing occurs in the exhaust path inside the total heat exchange element, the condensation and icing can be evaporated with a warm exhaust flow by inverting the air flowing through the exhaust passage.

  In addition, by using a moisture-permeable material for the partition plate of the heat exchange element, moisture can be moved from the exhaust path to the air supply path.

  At this time, dew condensation and icing generated by heat exchange between the cold supply air flow and the warm exhaust flow is a part where the partition plate is at a relatively low temperature, that is, the cooled exhaust flow after the heat exchange is a heat exchange element. It occurs mainly in the vicinity of the outlet from which it flows more. Therefore, when the direction of the exhaust flow inside the heat exchange element is reversed, the warm exhaust flow before heat exchange evaporates and melts condensation and ice on the area near the outlet before reversal, that is, near the inlet after reversal. Heat exchange is performed through the inside of the exchange element.

  With the above mechanism, the humidity of the exhaust flow in the vicinity of the exhaust path inlet can be increased after inversion, so the absolute humidity difference at the heat exchange element inlet of each of the air supply path and the exhaust path increases, and the air is supplied from the exhaust path. It is possible to promote the movement of moisture into the air path.

  As a result, when the exhaust flow moves in the exhaust path inside the element, moisture can be moved to the supply path via the partition plate, and the movement can be further promoted. It is possible to reduce the amount of condensation and icing that occurs in the exhaust path.

  The exhaust stream has a limit in the amount of water that can be held because the temperature after heat exchange is low, and it is difficult to recover the water evaporated by reversal only by the exhaust stream. On the other hand, the air supply after heat exchange has a high temperature and a large amount of water that can be retained. For this reason, it becomes possible to evaporate and remove more dew condensation and icing in the heat exchange element by moving moisture to the air supply path by using the above-described configuration and accelerating the movement.

  In addition, since the humidity of the exhaust stream flowing through the exhaust path after passing through the heat exchange element is reduced, the amount of dew condensation / freezing that occurs even if the exhaust path has a portion where air before and after heat exchange mixes is reduced. The possibility of malfunctioning can be suppressed.

  The above operation reduces the amount of condensation and icing generated inside the heat exchange type ventilator and performs continuous operation while suppressing a significant increase in pressure loss in the exhaust path, so that necessary indoor ventilation is possible in cold regions. The effect that the amount can be secured can be obtained.

  Further, according to the present invention, the partition plates having heat conductivity, moisture permeability, and water resistance are stacked on a plurality of layers at predetermined intervals, and the air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room and the exhaust for discharging the indoor air to the outside A total heat exchange element formed so that a path alternately passes between each layer constituted by the partition plate, and a first blowing unit and a second blowing unit for ventilating the supply path and the exhaust path, respectively. Provided with reversing means for reversing the directions of the gas flowing through the air supply path and the exhaust path, respectively, so that the ice generated in the exhaust path is reversed by reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the exhaust path. It melted inward and moved in the exhaust path.

  With this configuration, when icing occurs in the exhaust path inside the total heat exchange element, the icing can be melted with a warm exhaust flow by reversing the direction of the exhaust flow inside the total heat exchange element.

  In addition, by using a moisture-permeable material for the partition plate of the heat exchange element, moisture can be moved from the exhaust path to the air supply path.

  At this time, dew condensation and icing generated by heat exchange between the cold supply air flow and the warm exhaust flow is a part where the partition plate is at a relatively low temperature, that is, the cooled exhaust flow after the heat exchange is a heat exchange element. It occurs mainly in the vicinity of the outlet from which it flows more. Therefore, when the direction of the exhaust flow inside the heat exchange element is reversed, the warm exhaust flow before heat exchange evaporates and melts condensation and ice on the area near the outlet before reversal, that is, near the inlet after reversal. Heat exchange is performed through the inside of the exchange element.

  By the above mechanism, after the reversal, the liquid water and dew condensation caused by melting the ice near the exhaust path inlet can be moved in the exhaust path inside the total heat exchange element together with the exhaust flow. By moving the moisture in the exhaust path in the form of a liquid on the partition plate, the process of the moisture in the air in the exhaust path condensing on the partition plate is omitted, and the water is absorbed by the partition plate. As a result, it is possible to promote the movement of moisture contained in the exhaust path to the partition plate, so that the water movement resistance from the exhaust path to the partition plate dominates the water movement from the exhaust path to the air supply path. It is possible to promote the movement of moisture from the exhaust path to the air supply path at the target site.

  As a result, when the exhaust flow moves in the exhaust path inside the element, moisture can be moved to the air supply path, and the movement can be further promoted. Therefore, the amount of condensation and icing generated in the exhaust path inside the element can be reduced. Can be reduced.

  The exhaust stream has a limit in the amount of water that can be held because the temperature after heat exchange is low, and it is difficult to recover the water evaporated by reversal only by the exhaust stream. On the other hand, the air supply after heat exchange has a high temperature and a large amount of water that can be retained. For this reason, it becomes possible to evaporate and remove more dew condensation and icing in the heat exchange element by moving moisture to the air supply path by using the above-described configuration and accelerating the movement.

  Furthermore, since the humidity of the air flowing through the exhaust path after passing through the heat exchange element is reduced, the amount of condensation and icing that occurs even if there is a part in the exhaust path where the air before and after heat exchange mixes is reduced. Can suppress the possibility of malfunction.

  The above operation reduces the amount of condensation and icing that occurs inside the heat exchange type ventilator and reduces the pressure loss in the exhaust path while suppressing the increase in pressure. The effect that the amount of ventilation can be secured can be obtained.

Schematic sectional view showing a heat exchange type ventilator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Schematic sectional view showing a heat exchange type ventilator after inversion of supply air flow and exhaust air flow in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Schematic sectional view showing a path connecting the heat exchange element and the air supply switching unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Schematic which shows the heat exchange element of Embodiment 1 of this invention Schematic sectional view showing a conventional heat exchanger unit Schematic sectional view showing a conventional heat exchanger unit Schematic sectional view showing a conventional heat exchanger unit

  The heat exchange type ventilator according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a heat supply path, a moisture permeability, and a water-resistant partition plate stacked on a plurality of layers at predetermined intervals, and an air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room and an indoor The exhaust path for exhausting air to the outside includes a total heat exchange element formed so as to alternately pass through each of the layers formed by the partition plate, and a first for ventilating the air supply path and the exhaust path, respectively. A reversing unit including a blowing unit and a second blowing unit, reversing directions of the gas flowing through the air supply path and the exhaust path, respectively, and by reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the exhaust path, to the exhaust path; The generated condensation evaporates into the exhaust path, and the humidity in the exhaust path is increased.

  With this configuration, when condensation or icing occurs in the exhaust path inside the total heat exchange element, the condensation and icing can be evaporated with a warm exhaust flow by inverting the air flowing through the exhaust passage.

  In addition, by using a moisture-permeable material for the partition plate of the heat exchange element, moisture can be moved from the exhaust path to the air supply path.

  At this time, dew condensation and icing generated by heat exchange between the cold supply air flow and the warm exhaust flow is a part where the partition plate is at a relatively low temperature, that is, the cooled exhaust flow after the heat exchange is a heat exchange element. It occurs mainly in the vicinity of the outlet from which it flows more. Therefore, when the direction of the exhaust flow inside the heat exchange element is reversed, the warm exhaust flow before heat exchange evaporates and melts condensation and ice on the area near the outlet before reversal, that is, near the inlet after reversal. Heat exchange is performed through the inside of the exchange element.

  With the above mechanism, the humidity of the exhaust flow in the vicinity of the exhaust path inlet can be increased after inversion, so the absolute humidity difference at the heat exchange element inlet of each of the air supply path and the exhaust path increases, and the air is supplied from the exhaust path. It is possible to promote the movement of moisture into the air path.

  As a result, when the exhaust flow moves in the exhaust path inside the element, moisture can be moved to the supply path via the partition plate, and the movement can be further promoted. It is possible to reduce the amount of condensation and icing that occurs in the exhaust path.

  The exhaust stream has a limit in the amount of water that can be held because the temperature after heat exchange is low, and it is difficult to recover the water evaporated by reversal only by the exhaust stream. On the other hand, the air supply after heat exchange has a high temperature and a large amount of water that can be retained. For this reason, it becomes possible to evaporate and remove more dew condensation and icing in the heat exchange element by moving moisture to the air supply path by using the above-described configuration and accelerating the movement.

  In addition, since the humidity of the air flowing through the exhaust path after passing through the heat exchange element is reduced, it is possible to reduce the amount of condensation and icing that occurs at the site where the air before and after heat exchange mixes in the exhaust path, The possibility of malfunctioning can be suppressed.

  The above operation reduces the amount of condensation and icing that occurs inside the heat exchange type ventilator and reduces the pressure loss in the exhaust path while suppressing the increase in pressure. There is an effect that the amount of ventilation can be secured.

  In addition, a partition plate having heat conductivity, moisture permeability, and water resistance is stacked on a plurality of layers at predetermined intervals, and an air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room and an exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outside are provided by the partition board. A total heat exchange element formed so as to alternately pass between each configured layer, and a first blower and a second blower for ventilating the supply passage and the exhaust passage, respectively, and the supply passage And reversing means for reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the exhaust path, and by reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the exhaust path, the ice generated in the exhaust path melts and moves in the exhaust path It is good also as a structure characterized by doing.

  With this configuration, when icing occurs in the exhaust path inside the total heat exchange element, the icing can be melted with a warm exhaust flow by reversing the direction of the exhaust flow inside the total heat exchange element.

  In addition, by using a moisture-permeable material for the partition plate of the heat exchange element, moisture can be moved from the exhaust path to the air supply path.

  At this time, dew condensation and icing generated by heat exchange between the cold supply air flow and the warm exhaust flow is a part where the partition plate is at a relatively low temperature, that is, the cooled exhaust flow after the heat exchange is a heat exchange element. It occurs mainly in the vicinity of the outlet from which it flows more. Therefore, when the direction of the exhaust flow inside the heat exchange element is reversed, the warm exhaust flow before heat exchange evaporates and melts condensation and ice on the area near the outlet before reversal, that is, near the inlet after reversal. Heat exchange is performed through the inside of the exchange element.

  By the above mechanism, after the reversal, the liquid water and dew condensation caused by melting the ice near the exhaust path inlet can be moved in the exhaust path inside the total heat exchange element together with the exhaust flow. By moving the moisture in the exhaust path in the form of a liquid on the partition plate, the process of the moisture in the air in the exhaust path condensing on the partition plate is omitted, and the water is absorbed by the partition plate. As a result, it is possible to promote the movement of moisture contained in the exhaust path to the partition plate, so that the water movement resistance from the exhaust path to the partition plate dominates the water movement from the exhaust path to the air supply path. It is possible to promote the movement of moisture from the exhaust path to the air supply path at the target site.

  As a result, when the exhaust flow moves in the exhaust path inside the element, moisture can be moved to the air supply path, and the movement can be further promoted. Therefore, the amount of condensation and icing generated in the exhaust path inside the element can be reduced. Can be reduced.

  The exhaust stream has a limit in the amount of water that can be held because the temperature after heat exchange is low, and it is difficult to recover the water evaporated by reversal only by the exhaust stream. On the other hand, the air supply after heat exchange has a high temperature and a large amount of water that can be retained. For this reason, it becomes possible to evaporate and remove more dew condensation and icing in the heat exchange element by moving moisture to the air supply path by using the above-described configuration and accelerating the movement.

  In addition, since the humidity of the air flowing through the exhaust path after passing through the heat exchange element decreases, the amount of condensation and icing that occurs at the part where the air before and after heat exchange in the exhaust path mixes can be reduced, and operation The possibility of failure can be suppressed.

  The above operation reduces the amount of condensation and icing that occurs inside the heat exchange type ventilator and reduces the pressure loss in the exhaust path while suppressing the increase in pressure. There is an effect that the amount of ventilation can be secured.

  Moreover, it is good also as a structure characterized by the partition plate surface which comprises the exhaust path of a total heat exchange element having water repellency.

  With this configuration, the condensation and ice droplet diameters and crystal diameters generated in the exhaust path are reduced, and the surface area of the condensation and ice is increased. Therefore, evaporation after the air path inversion can be promoted.

  In addition, by reducing the movement resistance of moisture adhering to the exhaust path, water droplets inside the heat exchange element can be easily discharged to the outside by the exhaust flow.

  Further, since liquid water moves in the exhaust path and moisture adsorption to the partition plate is promoted, the movement of humidity to the air supply path can be promoted.

  Further, the air supply switching unit and the exhaust gas switching unit for reversing the direction of the gas, including a first environment detection means for detecting an environmental condition in a path connecting the outdoor and the total heat exchange element in the air supply path, The air supply switching unit and the exhaust gas switching unit perform switching between the air supply route and the exhaust route when the environment detected using the first environment detection means is out of a predetermined setting range. It is good also as a structure.

  With this configuration, it is possible to detect the environmental conditions of the air that flows from the outside, and when the detected environmental conditions are those that cause condensation or icing in the heat exchange element, the supply path and the exhaust path are switched. Go and get rid of condensation and icing.

  And an air supply switching unit that reverses the direction of the gas, and an exhaust switching unit. The exhaust path includes a second environment detection unit that detects an environmental condition in a path connecting the outdoor unit and the total heat exchange element. (2) The configuration in which the air supply switching unit and the exhaust gas switching unit switch between the air supply route and the exhaust route when the environment detected by using the environment detection means is out of a predetermined setting range. It is good.

  With this configuration, it is possible to detect the environmental conditions of the air exhausted to the outside, and when the detected environmental conditions are those that cause condensation or icing in the heat exchange element, the air supply path and the exhaust path Switching can be done to remove condensation and icing.

  In addition, when an air supply switching unit and an exhaust switching unit for reversing the direction of gas are provided, pressure detection means for detecting pressure in the exhaust path is provided, and the pressure detected by the pressure detection means is out of a predetermined pressure range In addition, the air supply switching unit and the exhaust gas switching unit may switch between the air supply route and the exhaust route.

  With this configuration, it is possible to detect an increase in the pressure loss of the heat exchange element due to condensation or icing that occurs inside the heat exchange element, and when the pressure loss exceeds a predetermined value, the supply path and the exhaust path are switched. To remove condensation and icing.

  In addition, an air supply switching unit and an exhaust gas switching unit that reverse the direction of the gas are provided, and when the air supply switching unit and the exhaust gas switching unit start switching the air supply path and the exhaust path, the air supply is switched for a predetermined time. The switching by the switching unit and the exhaust switching unit may be continued at a predetermined interval.

  With this configuration, it is possible to continue switching between the air supply path and the exhaust path for a certain period even after the influence of condensation or icing that has occurred inside the heat exchange element can no longer be detected. It is possible to promote the removal of condensation and ice formed on the route by melting and evaporation.

  Moreover, it is a heat exchange type ventilator provided with an air supply switching unit and an exhaust gas switching unit that reverse the direction of gas, and switches the air supply path and the exhaust path at the air supply switching unit and the exhaust gas switching unit. During this time, the first air blowing means and the second air blowing means may be stopped.

  With this configuration, while switching between the air supply path and the exhaust path, the air before and after heat exchange is mixed in the air supply switching section and the exhaust switching section due to ventilation, thereby suppressing the occurrence of condensation and icing. Can do.

  Further, the first air blowing unit and the second air blowing unit are stopped while the air supply switching unit and the exhaust air switching unit are switching the routes. After the switching is completed, the first air blowing unit and the second air blowing unit are stopped for a predetermined time. It is good also as a structure characterized by increasing conveyance power.

  With this configuration, the power of the second air blowing means is temporarily increased at the time of path switching to increase the total pressure of the exhaust flow after switching, and the exhaust path inside the element in which the pressure loss has partially increased due to condensation or icing Therefore, it is possible to promote dew condensation / melting / evaporation in the exhaust path inside the element.

  Furthermore, by increasing the power of the first air blowing means, the pressure difference between the exhaust path inside the element and the air supply path inside the element can be reduced, and air leakage inside the heat exchange element can be suppressed.

  Further, the air supply path and the exhaust path may be made of a heat-insulating material.

  With this configuration, it is possible to suppress the escape of heat from the air supply path and the exhaust path, and it is possible to prevent the gas from being cooled and dew condensation / freezing on the surface where heat escapes.

  In addition, since the amount of heat stored in the air supply path can be suppressed, when the air supply path is switched, the warm air supply after the heat exchange is performed to the air supply path that has been stored by the cold airflow before the heat exchange. It is possible to suppress the formation of condensation and icing due to the flow of air.

  Similarly, since the amount of heat stored in the exhaust path can be suppressed, even when the exhaust path is switched, the warm exhaust stream before heat exchange is performed to the exhaust path that has been stored cold by the cold exhaust stream after heat exchange. It is possible to suppress the formation of condensation and icing due to the flow of water.

  Further, a part of the path connecting the supply air switching unit and / or the exhaust gas switching unit and the total heat exchange element included in the supply air path and / or the exhaust path is divided into two paths, and the total heat The configuration may be such that the air after passing through the total heat exchange element is caused to flow to the other side of the divided path through one side of the path through which the air before passing through the exchange element is divided.

  With this configuration, it is possible to partially divide the path through which the air before passing through the total heat exchange element and the air after passing through the total heat exchange element flowing through the path connecting the total heat exchange element from the supply air switching unit or the exhaust gas switching unit. .

  For this reason, when the air supply path is switched, the occurrence of condensation and icing due to the warm air supply air flowing after heat exchange flows into the air supply path that has been stored cold by the cold airflow before heat exchange is performed. be able to.

  Moreover, it is good also as a structure characterized by the structure provided with the wind direction adjustment board which prescribes | regulates the direction of the wind which flows into a mutual path | route to the said two path | routes to one direction.

  With this configuration, it is possible to partially divide the path through which the air before passing through the total heat exchange element and the air after passing through the total heat exchange element flowing through the path connecting the total heat exchange element from the supply air switching unit or the exhaust gas switching unit. The direction of the air flowing through each path can be defined by the wind direction adjusting plate.

  For this reason, when the air supply path is switched, the occurrence of condensation and icing due to the warm air supply air flowing after heat exchange flows into the air supply path that has been stored cold by the cold airflow before heat exchange is performed. be able to.

  In addition, an air supply switching unit and an exhaust gas switching unit that reverse the direction of the gas are provided, and condensation or icing generated in the air supply switching unit and / or the exhaust gas switching unit is evaporated when the air supply route and / or the exhaust route is switched. -It is good also as the structure made to melt | dissolve.

  With this configuration, when switching between the air supply path and the exhaust path, dew condensation and icing generated by mixing the air before and after heat exchange are melted by switching the path, and the pressure loss in the air supply path and exhaust path And the occurrence of malfunction of the switching unit due to ice clogging can be suppressed.

  Moreover, it is good also as a structure which evaporates and melts the dew condensation / icing generate | occur | produced in an air supply switching part using the heat of the air supplied indoors at the time of an air supply path | route switch.

  With this configuration, it is possible to evaporate / melt the dew condensation / ice formation generated in the air supply switching unit using the heat of the air supply air heated by heat exchange with the exhaust flow. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of malfunction of the air supply switching unit due to an increase in pressure loss in the air supply path or clogging of ice without consuming electric power.

  Moreover, it is good also as a structure which evaporates and melts the dew condensation / icing generate | occur | produced in an exhaust_gas | exhaustion switching part using the heat | fever of the air suck | inhaled from the room | chamber interior at the time of switching an exhaust path.

  With this configuration, the heat from the exhaust flow is used to evaporate and melt the condensation and ice generated in the exhaust switching unit, thereby eliminating exhaust due to increased pressure loss in the exhaust path and clogging of ice without consuming electricity. Occurrence of malfunction of the switching unit can be suppressed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
1 and 2 are sectional views of the heat exchange type ventilator according to the present embodiment. As will be described later, FIGS. 1 and 2 each show a state in which the air path is reversed with respect to each other.

  The heat exchange type ventilator according to the present embodiment discharges indoor air into the main body box 5, an outdoor air inlet 1 for taking in outdoor air from the outside, an indoor air inlet 2 for taking in indoor air from the indoor, and the outdoor. It has a shape including an outdoor discharge port 3 and an indoor air supply port 4 for supplying outdoor air into the room.

  In addition, an air supply path 6 in which the outdoor suction port 1 and the indoor air supply port 4 communicate with each other and an exhaust path 7 in which the indoor suction port 2 and the outdoor discharge port 3 communicate with each other are provided. The first blower 14 and the first prime mover 16 are provided as the first blower for blowing the airflow, and the second blower 15 and the second blower are provided as the second blower for blowing the exhaust flow flowing through the exhaust passage 7. Two prime movers 17 are provided. And the total heat exchange element 13 which performs heat exchange and humidity exchange between an exhaust flow and a supply airflow is provided.

  As reversing means for reversing the directions of the supply air flow and the exhaust flow flowing through the total heat exchange element 13, a supply air switching unit 8 and an exhaust gas switching unit 9 are provided. The path can be switched by the exhaust gas switching unit 9, and as a result, the direction of the exhaust gas flow and the supply air flow flowing through the total heat exchange element 13 can be reversed. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a state in which the exhaust flow and the supply air flow flowing through the total heat exchange element 13 are reversed by switching.

  With this configuration, moisture can be transferred from the exhaust path 7 to the air supply path 6 by using a moisture-permeable material for the partition plate 24 of the total heat exchange element 13.

  In addition, when condensation or icing occurs in the exhaust path 7 inside the total heat exchange element 13, the condensation or icing can be evaporated and melted with a warm exhaust flow by reversing the exhaust flow through the exhaust path 7. it can.

  At this time, the dew condensation / freezing generated by heat exchange between the cold supply air flow and the warm exhaust flow is caused by the portion where the partition plate 24 is at a relatively low temperature, that is, the cooled exhaust flow after the heat exchange is totally heated. It occurs mainly in the vicinity of the outlet that flows out of the exchange element 13. Therefore, when the direction of the exhaust flow inside the total heat exchange element 13 is reversed, the warm exhaust flow before the heat exchange evaporates and melts the condensation / ice formation in the vicinity of the outlet before the reverse, that is, the vicinity of the inlet after the reverse. Then, heat exchange is performed through the total heat exchange element 13.

  By the above mechanism, the humidity of the exhaust flow near the inlet of the exhaust path 7 can be increased after inversion, so that the absolute humidity difference at the inlet of the total heat exchange element 13 in each of the air supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7 increases. The movement of moisture from the exhaust path 7 to the air supply path 6 can be promoted.

  Furthermore, by the above mechanism, after the reversal, the liquid water and dew condensation caused by melting the ice near the inlet of the exhaust path 7 can be moved in the exhaust path 7 inside the total heat exchange element 13 together with the exhaust flow. . The moisture in the exhaust path 7 moves in the form of a liquid on the partition plate 24, so that the process of the moisture in the air in the exhaust path 7 condensing on the partition plate 24 is omitted, and the water is absorbed by the partition plate 24. Is done. As a result, it is possible to promote the movement of moisture contained in the exhaust path 7 to the partition plate 24, so that the resistance to water movement from the exhaust path 7 to the partition plate 24 is from the exhaust path 7 to the air supply path 6. It is possible to promote the movement of moisture from the exhaust path 7 to the air supply path 6 at a site that is dominant with respect to the water movement.

  As a result, when the exhaust flow moves in the exhaust path 7 inside the total heat exchange element 13, moisture can be moved to the air supply path 6 via the partition plate 24, and the movement can be further promoted. Therefore, the amount of dew condensation and icing generated in the exhaust path 7 of the total heat exchange element 13 can be reduced.

  In addition, since the humidity of the exhaust stream flowing through the exhaust path 7 after passing through the total heat exchange element 13 is reduced, the amount of dew condensation / freezing generated at the part where the air before and after heat exchange in the exhaust path 7 is mixed is reduced. be able to.

  The above operation reduces the amount of condensation and icing generated inside the heat exchange ventilator, and performs continuous operation while suppressing the pressure loss of the exhaust path 7 from increasing extremely, so that it can be used indoors even in cold regions. The necessary ventilation volume can be secured.

  Subsequently, the air path reversing mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  The air supply switching unit 8 includes a first air path adjustment plate 19 and a second air path adjustment plate 20 as means for switching the air supply path 6, and the first air path adjustment plate 19 and the second air path adjustment plate 20 are provided. A third prime mover 18 for driving is provided. The first air path adjusting plate 19 and the second air path adjusting plate 20 are driven by the third prime mover 18 and are configured to slide inside the air supply switching unit 8.

  In the air supply switching unit 8, the air supply air introduced from the outdoor suction port 1 is divided into two routes, and a route connected to the indoor air supply port 4 is located in the middle of the divided route. These three paths are connected to spaces in which the first air path adjustment plate 19 and the second air path adjustment plate 20 slide, respectively, and further, the first air path adjustment plate 19 and the second air path. The space in which the adjustment plate 20 slides communicates with two paths connected to the air supply path 6 of the total heat exchange element 13.

  The exhaust gas switching unit 9 includes a third air path adjustment plate 21 and a fourth air path adjustment plate 22 as means for reversing the direction of gas, and drives the third air path adjustment plate 21 and the fourth air path adjustment plate 22. A third prime mover 18 is provided. The third prime mover 18 drives the third air path adjustment plate 21 and the fourth air path adjustment plate 22 to slide inside the exhaust gas switching unit 9.

  In the exhaust switching unit 9, the exhaust flow exhausted to the outdoor discharge port 3 is divided into two routes, and a route connected to the indoor suction port 2 is located in the middle of the divided route. These three paths are connected to spaces where the third air path adjustment plate 21 and the fourth air path adjustment plate 22 slide, respectively, and further, the third air path adjustment plate 21 and the fourth air path. The space in which the adjustment plate 22 slides communicates with two paths connected to the exhaust path 7 of the total heat exchange element 13.

  In explaining the reversal mechanism of the air supply flow and the exhaust flow by the air supply switching unit 8 and the exhaust gas switching unit 9, first, FIG. 1 will be described.

  In the air supply switching unit 8, among the two air supply paths introduced from the outdoor suction port 1, the first air path adjustment plate 19 closes the left path in the drawing, and the air supply switching unit 8 and all the air supply switching units 8. Of the two paths connecting the heat exchange element 13, the left path in the drawing and the indoor air inlet 4 are connected. The second air path adjustment plate 20 prevents the air supply air introduced from the outdoor air inlet 1 from flowing directly into the indoor air inlet 4 through the air supply switching unit 8 and also performs total heat exchange with the air supply switching unit 8. Of the two paths connecting the elements 13, the right path in the drawing is connected to the outdoor inlet 1, and the left path is connected to the indoor air inlet 4.

  As a result, the air supply air sucked by the first blower fan 14 from the outdoor air inlet 1 passes through the path on the right side of the air supply switching unit 8 in the drawing, exchanges heat inside the total heat exchange element 13, and is supplied The air is supplied into the room through the indoor air supply port 4 through the route in the center of the air switching unit 8.

  Similarly, in the exhaust switching unit 9, the third air path adjusting plate 21 prevents the exhaust flow introduced from the indoor suction port 2 from flowing directly into the outdoor exhaust port 3 through the exhaust switching unit 9 and Of the two paths connecting the switching unit 9 and the total heat exchange element 13, the right path and the indoor suction port 2 are connected in the drawing, and the left path and the outdoor discharge port 3 are connected. The fourth air path adjusting plate 22 closes the right path in the drawing among the two paths through which the exhaust flow exhausted to the outdoor outlet 3 flows, and connects the exhaust switching unit 9 and the total heat exchange element 13. Of the two paths to be performed, the right path in the drawing and the indoor suction port 2 are connected. As a result, the exhaust flow sucked from the indoor suction port 2 passes through the central path in the drawing of the exhaust gas switching unit 9 and exchanges heat inside the total heat exchange element 13, and passes through the path on the left side of the exhaust gas switching unit 9. Then, the air is exhausted from the outdoor outlet 3 to the outside by the second blower fan 15.

  Next, FIG. 2 will be described. In FIG. 2, the first air path adjusting plate 19 and the second air path adjusting plate 20 are moved to the right side in the figure from the state of FIG. 1, and the third air path adjusting plate 21 and the fourth air path adjusting plate 22 are shown in the figure. Move to the left.

  With this configuration, in the air supply switching unit 8, the first air path adjustment plate 19 prevents the air supply air introduced from the outdoor suction port 1 from flowing directly into the indoor air supply port 4 through the inside of the air supply switching unit 8. At the same time, of the two paths connecting the air supply switching unit 8 and the total heat exchange element 13, the left path and the outdoor suction port 1 are connected in the drawing, and the right path and the indoor air supply port 4 are connected. . The second air path adjustment plate 20 closes the right path in the drawing among the two paths through which the air supply flow introduced from the outdoor suction port 1 flows, and connects the air supply switching unit 8 and the total heat exchange element 13. Of the two paths to be connected, the path on the right side in the drawing is connected to the indoor air inlet 4.

  As a result, the air supply air sucked by the first blower fan 14 from the outdoor air inlet 1 passes through the path on the left side of the air supply switching unit 8 in the drawing, exchanges heat inside the total heat exchange element 13, and is supplied The air is supplied to the room through the indoor air supply port 4 through the route at the center of the air switching unit 8, and the direction of the air supply flowing through the total heat exchange element 13 can be reversed.

  Similarly, in the exhaust gas switching unit 9, the two air paths through which the third air path adjusting plate 21 is exhausted to the outdoor discharge port 3 flow in the left side in the drawing, and the exhaust gas switching unit 9. Of the two paths connecting the total heat exchange element 13, the path on the left side in the drawing and the indoor suction port 2 are connected. The fourth air path adjusting plate 22 prevents the exhaust flow introduced from the indoor suction port 2 from flowing directly into the outdoor discharge port 3 through the exhaust switching unit 9 and also connects the exhaust switching unit 9 and the total heat exchange element 13. Of the two paths to be connected, the left path and the indoor suction port 2 are connected in the drawing, and the right path and the outdoor discharge port 3 are connected.

  As a result, the exhaust flow sucked from the indoor suction port 2 passes through the central path in the figure of the exhaust gas switching unit 9, exchanges heat inside the total heat exchange element 13, and passes the path on the right side of the exhaust gas switching unit 9. Then, the air is exhausted from the outdoor discharge port 3 to the outside by the second blower fan 15, and the direction of the exhaust flow flowing inside the total heat exchange element 13 can be reversed.

  Furthermore, by using this configuration, when switching between the air supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7, dew condensation or icing generated by mixing the air before and after heat exchange can be melted by path switching. It is possible to suppress an increase in pressure loss in the path 6 and the exhaust path 7 and occurrence of malfunction of the air supply switching unit 8 and the exhaust switching unit 9 due to ice clogging.

  The mechanism will be described in detail below.

  First, in the state of FIG. 1, a cold air supply air before heat exchange and a warm air supply air after heat exchange flow through the air supply switching unit 8 across the second air path adjustment plate 20. For this reason, the cold air supply before heat exchange cools the second air path adjustment plate 20, and there is a possibility that condensation and icing may occur on the contact surface between the warm air supply after heat exchange and the second air path adjustment plate 20. There is.

  Here, the state is switched to the state shown in FIG. Then, the cold air supply before heat exchange and the warm air supply after heat exchange flow through the first air path adjustment plate 19, and the second air path adjustment plate 20 has only the warm air supply after heat exchange. Will be in contact with. Therefore, the dew condensation / freezing adhering to the surface of the second air path adjustment plate 20 can be melted / evaporated by the warm air flow after heat exchange.

  At this time, there is a possibility that dew condensation or icing may occur on the first air path adjustment plate 19, but it can be melted and evaporated by the same mechanism by switching to the state of FIG.

  Therefore, by alternately switching the state of FIG. 1 and the state of FIG. 2, it is possible to suppress the dew condensation and icing from adhering to the first air passage adjustment plate 19 and the second air passage adjustment plate 20 and growing. be able to.

  The same applies to the exhaust gas switching unit 9. In the state of FIG. 1, a cold exhaust flow after heat exchange and a warm exhaust flow before heat exchange flow through the fourth air path adjustment plate 22. For this reason, the cool exhaust flow after heat exchange cools the fourth air path adjustment plate 22, and there is a possibility that condensation and icing may occur on the contact surface between the warm exhaust flow before heat exchange and the fourth air path adjustment plate 22. There is.

  Here, the state is switched to the state shown in FIG. Then, the cold exhaust flow after the heat exchange and the warm exhaust flow before the heat exchange flow through the third air passage adjustment plate 21, and the fourth air passage adjustment plate 22 only has the warm exhaust flow before the heat exchange. Will be in contact with. Therefore, the dew condensation / icing adhered to the surface of the fourth air path adjustment plate 22 can be melted / evaporated by the warm exhaust flow before heat exchange.

  At this time, there is a possibility that dew condensation or icing may occur on the third air path adjusting plate 21, but by switching to the state of FIG. 1, it can be melted and evaporated by the same mechanism.

  Therefore, by alternately switching the state of FIG. 1 and the state of FIG. 2, it is possible to prevent the condensation and icing from adhering and growing on the third air path adjustment plate 21 and the fourth air path adjustment plate 22. be able to.

  Next, a switching mechanism between the air supply switching unit 8 and the exhaust gas switching unit 9 will be described.

  A first temperature sensor 10 that uses, for example, a thermocouple as a first environment detection means is provided inside the air supply path 6, and a second temperature that uses, for example, a thermocouple as a second environment detection means in the exhaust path 7. The sensor 11 is provided, and when the first temperature sensor 10 detects a predetermined temperature, for example, 0 ° C. or less, or the second temperature sensor 11 detects a predetermined temperature, for example, 0 ° C. or less. When detected, the air supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7 are switched using the air supply switching unit 8 and the exhaust gas switching unit 9.

  Inside the exhaust path 7, a gauge pressure measurement type pressure sensor using, for example, a semiconductor strain gauge is provided as the pressure detection means 12, and a predetermined pressure, for example, a heat exchange type ventilator is normally operated with a strong notch. When the gauge pressure detected in this case is measured in advance and a change in gauge pressure corresponding to a pressure loss at which the air volume is reduced by 10% is detected, the supply air switching unit 8 and the exhaust gas are detected. The air supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7 are switched using the switching unit 9.

  According to such a configuration, for example, by detecting the outside air temperature with the first temperature sensor 10, the outside air temperature considered to cause condensation or icing inside the total heat exchange element 13 is measured in advance, When the temperature falls below the air temperature, the air path reversal operation can be started to remove condensation and icing.

  The same applies to the second temperature sensor 11, and when the temperature is less than the temperature at which condensation or icing is considered to occur within the total heat exchange element 13, the air path inversion operation is started to remove the condensation or icing. it can.

  Further, the pressure detection means 12 can measure an increase in the pressure loss of the exhaust path 7, and if it is predicted that the increase in the pressure loss will cause a decrease in the ventilation air volume as illustrated, condensation or icing will occur. The air path reversal operation for removing can be started, and the fall of ventilation air volume can be suppressed.

  In the present embodiment, the air path reversal operation is an air supply path 6 and an exhaust path of the total heat exchange element 13 using a supply air switching unit 8 and an exhaust gas switching unit 9 at a predetermined time interval, for example, every 20 minutes. 7 shows that the direction of the supply airflow and the exhaust airflow flowing through 7 is reversed.

  Subsequently, a control mechanism accompanying the air path reversal operation will be described.

  First, when switching the air supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7 using the air supply switching unit 8 and the exhaust gas switching unit 9, a mechanism for stopping the first blower fan 14 and the second blower fan 15 during switching is provided.

  According to such a mechanism, while switching between the air supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7, the gas before and after heat exchange is mixed in the air supply switching unit 8 and the exhaust switching unit 9 by the ventilation, thereby causing condensation / freezing. Can be prevented from occurring.

  Further, when the air path switching is completed by the air supply switching unit 8 and the exhaust switching unit 9 and the first blower fan 14 and the second blower fan 15 are started, the operation switching time is 20 minutes, for example. If there is, a mechanism for increasing the output of the first prime mover 16 and the second prime mover 17 for 5 minutes, for example, using a motor as the prime mover and increasing the voltage or frequency applied to the motor is provided.

  According to such a mechanism, by temporarily increasing the output of the second prime mover 17 at the time of switching, the total pressure of the exhaust flow flowing through the exhaust path 7 after switching is increased, and the pressure is partially increased due to condensation or icing. Even in the exhaust path 7 inside the total heat exchange element 13 where the loss has increased, since air can flow to each layer constituted by the partition plate 24, dew condensation / freezing of the exhaust path 7 inside the total heat exchange element 13 It is possible to promote melting and evaporation.

  Further, by increasing the output of the first prime mover 16, the pressure difference between the exhaust path 7 inside the total heat exchange element 13 and the air supply path 6 inside the total heat exchange element 13 is reduced, and the inside of the total heat exchange element 13 Air leakage can be suppressed.

  In addition, when control based on the signal of the first temperature sensor 10 or the signal of the pressure detection means 12 is performed according to a predetermined condition and the air path reversal operation is started, the condition is removed. When, for example, the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor 10 exceeds a predetermined value, or when the detected pressure of the pressure detecting means 12 falls below a predetermined value, the predetermined time, for example, the operation switching time If it is 20 minutes, a mechanism for continuously performing the airway inversion operation for 40 minutes is provided.

  According to such a mechanism, after the influence of condensation or icing generated in the total heat exchange element 13 can no longer be detected, the air path inversion operation can be continuously performed for a certain period of time. Therefore, it is possible to promote the removal of condensation and / or ice formed in the exhaust path 7 including the melting and evaporation.

  Furthermore, the constituent material of the heat exchange type ventilation apparatus in this Embodiment is demonstrated.

  The air supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7 are made of a highly heat-insulating material, such as foamed polystyrene or foamed urethane.

  In the present invention, the material having high heat insulation is a material having a low heat transfer coefficient, for example, 1 W / m · K or less, preferably 0.1 W / m · K or the like, and a material having a large heat capacity, for example, a specific heat of 1 J. The material satisfying at least one of the characteristics such as a material of / g · K or more. It is still more preferable if both of the characteristics are satisfied, and the exemplified polystyrene foam is one of materials that satisfy both of these characteristics.

  According to such a configuration, the escape of heat from the air supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7 can be suppressed, and it is possible to prevent the gas from being cooled and causing condensation or icing on the surface where heat escapes. be able to.

  In addition, since the amount of heat stored in the air supply path 6 can be suppressed, when the air supply path 6 is switched, heat exchange is performed on the air supply path 6 that is cold-stored by cold air before heat exchange. It is possible to suppress the formation of condensation and icing due to warm air flowing in.

  Similarly, since the amount of heat stored in the exhaust path 7 can be suppressed, even when the exhaust path 7 is switched, the warm air before the heat exchange is performed to the exhaust path 7 that is cold-stored by the cold air after the heat exchange. It is possible to suppress the formation of condensation and icing due to air flowing in.

  Furthermore, FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a path through which both the air before heat exchange and the air after heat exchange flow in the air supply path 6. That is, the paths indicate two paths that connect the air supply switching unit 8 and the total heat exchange element 13. As shown in FIG. 3, the route is divided into two, and each route is provided with a wind direction adjusting plate 23, and each route is configured to allow air to pass in different directions. As the wind direction adjusting plate 23, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a plate provided with an open / close type damper plate and a baffle member that defines the opening / closing direction can be mentioned.

  According to such a configuration, for example, the cold air before heat exchange passes through the upper path flowing from the right side to the left side in FIG. 3, and the warm air after heat exchange flows through the lower path from the left side to the right side in FIG. It is possible to partially divide the path through which air flows before and after heat exchange. By dividing the path as described above, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation and icing due to the warm air flowing after heat exchange flows into the air supply path 6 that is cold-stored by the cold air before heat exchange. be able to.

  In FIG. 3, the wind direction adjusting plate 23 is provided on the side closer to the total heat exchange element 13. However, the configuration is the same regardless of where the wind direction adjusting plate 23 is provided in the divided path, and the effect is not different.

  In FIG. 3, the air supply path 6 is divided into upper and lower parts. However, the structure is the same by dividing the path into two without depending on the direction, and there is no difference in the effect.

  In FIG. 3, the air supply path 6 is taken as an example. However, the exhaust path 7, the path connecting the exhaust switching unit 9 and the total heat exchange element 13, is similarly divided, and the wind direction adjusting plate 23 is arranged. By adopting the configuration, even when the exhaust path 7 is switched, dew condensation and icing due to warm air before the heat exchange flows into the exhaust path 7 that is stored cold by cold air after heat exchange. The generation can be suppressed, which is preferable.

  Next, FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the total heat exchange element 13 in the present embodiment. The total heat exchanging element 13 is configured to superimpose a partition plate 24 having heat conductivity, moisture permeability, and water resistance on a plurality of layers at a predetermined interval, for example, an interval of 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, and an air supply path 6 for taking outdoor air into the room. The exhaust path 7 for discharging indoor air to the outside of the room is formed so as to alternately pass between the layers formed by the partition plate 24.

  Examples of the material of the partition plate 24 include a porous polymer film, specifically, a material having moisture permeability such as polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyester, cellulose acetate, aromatic polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polysulfone, and cellulose. It is done.

  Also suitable are those having fine pores such as paper, non-woven fabric, and woven fabric made of pulp and synthetic fibers, and specific examples include wood pulp mainly composed of cellulose, rayon, cotton, hemp and the like. According to such a configuration, the effects described in the above embodiments can be obtained.

  Further, a portion of the surface of the partition plate 24 facing the exhaust path 7 is provided with water repellency, for example, a surface with a water contact angle of 90 degrees or more. Specifically, for example, the porous polymer film is provided with a hydrophobic material such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyethylene terephthalate on the surface facing the exhaust path 7, such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyurethane. By coating the hydrophilic resin from the surface side facing the air supply path 6, a configuration that achieves both moisture permeability and water repellency can be given.

  According to such a configuration, the condensation and ice droplet diameters and crystal diameters generated in the exhaust path 7 are reduced and the surface area is increased, so that evaporation to the exhaust stream after the air path inversion can be promoted. .

  In addition, by reducing the movement resistance of moisture adhering to the exhaust path 7, it becomes easy to discharge water droplets inside the total heat exchange element 13 to the outside of the total heat exchange element 13 by the exhaust flow.

  Furthermore, since the liquid water moves in the exhaust path 7 and the adsorption of moisture to the partition plate 24 is promoted, the movement of humidity to the air supply path 6 can be promoted.

  In the present embodiment, the air supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7 are exemplified as being made of a material having heat insulation properties. However, for example, a part of the air supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7 has heat insulation properties. The provided material may be used. In that case, the path is switched by the air supply switching unit 8 and the exhaust gas switching unit 9, so that both the gas before and after the heat exchange may flow, for example, in the present embodiment, the air supply As a preferable configuration, a configuration in which the supply air switching unit 8 and the total heat exchange element 13 in the path 6 are connected, and a configuration in which the exhaust switching unit 9 and the total heat exchange element 13 in the exhaust path 7 are connected. Can be mentioned.

  Note that the air supply switching unit 8 and the exhaust gas switching unit 9 are not limited to the present embodiment, and may be any configuration that can reverse the direction of the exhaust flow and the supply air flow flowing through the total heat exchange element 13. For example, a circular total heat exchange element 13 is provided, and as the supply air switching unit 8 and the exhaust gas switching unit 9, a drive unit that rotates the total heat exchange element 13, for example, a motor, is provided, and the total heat exchange element 13 is heated by the drive unit. The structure which reverses the direction of exhaust flow and supply airflow by rotating 180 degree | times inside an exchange type ventilation apparatus is mentioned.

  The air supply switching unit 8 and the exhaust switching unit 9 are each provided with two air path adjustment plates in FIGS. 1 and 2, but may be configured with one or three, respectively.

  Although the counter-flow type element is shown as the total heat exchange element 13, for example, a cross-flow type or a diagonal alternating current type or the like, and partition plates 24 having heat conductivity, moisture permeability, and water resistance are stacked in a plurality of layers at predetermined intervals. What is necessary is just the heat exchange element comprised combining.

  Although the first prime mover 16 and the second prime mover 17 are shown as one of the constituent elements of the first blower means and the second blower means, respectively, the first blower fan 14 and the second blower are used by using one prime mover. The structure which drives the fan 15 may be sufficient.

  Note that the air supply switching unit 8 and the exhaust switching unit 9 are both driven by the third prime mover 18, but may be driven using separate prime movers.

  Although the first temperature sensor 10 is used as the first environment detection unit and the second temperature sensor 11 is used as the second environment detection unit, examples of environmental conditions related to condensation and icing include temperature and humidity. Therefore, for example, a humidity sensor, a temperature / humidity sensor, a dew point sensor, or the like may be used instead of the temperature sensor. In this case, for example, when a humidity sensor is used, examples of the predetermined environmental condition include a condition such that the exhaust path has a relative humidity of 100%.

  1 and FIG. 2, the first temperature sensor 10 is illustrated in the vicinity of the first blower fan 14. However, in the air supply path 6, the first temperature sensor 10 may be installed anywhere between the outdoor and the total heat exchange element 13. May be.

  1 and 2, the second temperature sensor 11 is illustrated in the vicinity of the second blower fan 15. However, in the exhaust path 7, the second temperature sensor 11 may be installed anywhere between the outdoor and the total heat exchange element 13. May be.

  In addition to the pressure sensor that measures the gauge pressure shown in the first embodiment, a pressure sensor that measures the relative pressure may be used as the pressure detection unit 12. For example, when a pressure sensor that measures relative pressure is used, it is preferable because the influence of condensation or icing in the exhaust path 7 can be evaluated by measuring the differential pressure between the supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7, for example. is there.

  As the pressure detection means 12, a means for detecting a torque change of the second prime mover 17, for example, an ammeter for measuring a current value flowing through the second prime mover 17 may be used.

  Although the outputs of the first prime mover 16 and the second prime mover 17 are increased for a predetermined time after the air path switching operation, for example, each layer formed of the partition plate 24 can be increased only by increasing the output of the second prime mover 17. Since air can be allowed to flow through, it is possible to promote dew condensation / melting / evaporation of the condensed ice in the exhaust path 7 inside the total heat exchange element 13. In this case, an element that prevents air from leaking from the exhaust path 7 to the air supply path 6 due to a pressure difference between the air supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7 is further used by processing such as increasing the tear strength characteristics of the partition plate 24. As a result, air leakage can be suppressed, and there is no difference in function and effect.

  The stacking interval of the total heat exchange elements 13 is exemplified as an interval of 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, but the stacking interval may be different between the exhaust path 7 and the air supply path 6. For example, by setting the stacking interval on the exhaust path 7 side wider than the air supply path 6 side, it is possible to suppress an increase in pressure loss of the total heat exchange element 13 due to condensation or icing generated in the exhaust path 7. There is an effect.

  Although the partition plate surface constituting the exhaust path is provided with water repellency, only the vicinity of the inlet and the vicinity of the outlet may be provided with water repellency in the exhaust path of the total heat exchange element.

  The heat exchange ventilator according to the present invention reduces the amount of condensation and ice generated inside the heat exchange ventilator, and performs continuous operation while suppressing the pressure loss of the exhaust path from increasing extremely. Since it is possible to secure the necessary ventilation volume even in cold regions, indoor air used under conditions where condensation occurs inside heat exchange elements such as cold regions is exhausted to the outside. The present invention is useful as a heat exchange type ventilator that exchanges heat between an exhaust flow and an air flow that supplies outdoor air into the room.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outdoor suction port 2 Indoor suction port 3 Outdoor discharge port 4 Indoor supply port 5 Main body box 6 Air supply path 7 Exhaust path 8 Supply air switching part 9 Exhaust gas switching part 10 1st temperature sensor 11 2nd temperature sensor 12 Pressure detection means DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 Total heat exchange element 14 1st ventilation fan 15 2nd ventilation fan 16 1st prime mover 17 2nd prime mover 18 3rd prime mover 19 1st air path adjustment board 20 2nd air path adjustment board 21 3rd air path adjustment board 22 2nd 4 Airflow adjustment plate 23 Airflow direction adjustment plate 24 Partition plate

Claims (15)

  A partition plate having heat conductivity, moisture permeability, and water resistance is stacked on a plurality of layers at predetermined intervals, and an air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room and an exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outside are constituted by the partition plate. A total heat exchange element formed so as to alternately pass through each of the layers, and includes a first air blowing unit and a second air blowing unit for ventilating the air supply path and the exhaust path, respectively. Reversing means for reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the exhaust path is provided, and the direction of the gas flowing through the exhaust path is reversed, so that the dew condensation generated in the exhaust path evaporates into the exhaust path, Heat exchange type ventilator characterized by increasing humidity.   A partition plate having heat conductivity, moisture permeability, and water resistance is stacked on a plurality of layers at predetermined intervals, and an air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room and an exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outside are constituted by the partition plate. A total heat exchange element formed so as to alternately pass through each of the layers, and includes a first air blowing unit and a second air blowing unit for ventilating the air supply path and the exhaust path, respectively. Reversing means for reversing the direction of the gas flowing through each exhaust path is provided, and by reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the exhaust path, ice generated in the exhaust path is melted into the exhaust path and the exhaust path A heat exchange type ventilator characterized by moving inside.   The heat exchange ventilator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the partition plate surface constituting the exhaust path of the total heat exchange element has water repellency.   An air supply switching unit that reverses the direction of the gas and an exhaust gas switching unit; and a first environment detection unit that detects an environmental condition in a path connecting the outdoor and the total heat exchange element in the air supply path, The air supply switching unit and the exhaust gas switching unit perform switching between the air supply route and the exhaust route when an environment detected using an environment detection unit is out of a predetermined setting range. The heat exchange type ventilator as described in any one of 1-3.   An air supply switching unit and an exhaust switching unit for reversing the direction of the gas; and a second environment detection unit configured to detect an environmental condition in a path connecting the outdoor unit and the total heat exchange element in the exhaust path. 5. The air supply switching unit and the exhaust gas switching unit perform switching between the air supply route and the exhaust route when the environment detected using the detection unit is out of a predetermined setting range. The heat exchange ventilator according to any one of the above.   When equipped with an air supply switching unit and an exhaust switching unit for reversing the direction of gas, provided with a pressure detection means for detecting pressure in the exhaust path, and when the pressure detected by the pressure detection means is out of a predetermined pressure range, The heat exchange type ventilation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the air supply switching unit and the exhaust gas switching unit perform switching between the air supply route and the exhaust route.   An air supply switching unit and an exhaust gas switching unit that reverse the direction of the gas, and when the air supply switching unit and the exhaust gas switching unit start switching the air supply path and the exhaust path, the air supply switching unit for a predetermined time The switching by the exhaust switching unit is continued at a predetermined interval. The heat exchange type ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   A heat exchange type ventilation apparatus provided with an air supply switching unit and an exhaust gas switching unit that reverses the direction of gas, while switching the air supply path and the exhaust path in the air supply switching unit and the exhaust gas switching unit, The heat exchange ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first air blowing means and the second air blowing means are stopped.   The first air blowing unit and the second air blowing unit are stopped while the air supply switching unit and the exhaust gas switching unit are switching the routes. After the switching is finished, the conveyance power of the first air blowing unit and the second air blowing unit is determined for a predetermined time. The heat exchange type ventilator according to claim 8, wherein   The heat exchange type ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the air supply path and the exhaust path are made of a material having heat insulation properties.   A part of the path connecting the air supply switching unit and / or the exhaust gas switching unit and the total heat exchange element included in the air supply path and / or the exhaust path is divided into two paths, and the total heat exchange element 11. The air according to claim 4, wherein the air after passing through the total heat exchange element is caused to flow to the other side of the divided path in one of the paths into which the air before passing is divided. Heat exchange ventilator.   The heat exchange type ventilator according to claim 11, wherein the two divided paths are provided with a wind direction adjusting plate that regulates the direction of the wind flowing through each path in one direction.   Equipped with an air supply switching unit and an exhaust switching unit that reverse the direction of the gas, and condensation and icing generated in the air supply switching unit and / or the exhaust gas switching unit evaporate and melt when switching the air supply route and / or the exhaust route The heat exchange type ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the heat exchanging ventilator is configured to perform the above.   The heat exchange type ventilator according to claim 11, wherein the dew condensation or icing generated in the air supply switching unit is evaporated and melted using heat of air supplied into the room when the air supply path is switched.   13. The heat exchange type ventilator according to claim 11 or 12, wherein condensation or icing generated in the exhaust switching unit is evaporated and melted by using heat of air sucked from the room when the exhaust path is switched.

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