JP5845389B2 - Heat exchange ventilator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchange type ventilator that is used in a cold district or the like and exchanges heat between an air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room and an exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outside.

  In this type of heat exchange type ventilator, when the outdoor temperature becomes low, such as −10 ° C. or lower in winter, the adjacent air supply in the exhaust path of the heat exchange element through which the warm exhaust air ventilated from the room flows. The exhaust flow is cooled by the cold airflow that is ventilated from outside the air path, causing condensation and icing to occur in the exhaust flow path, but clogging occurs in conventional heat exchange ventilators. A configuration has been adopted in which clogging due to icing is suppressed by intermittent operation by freezing suppression control (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  Hereinafter, the heat exchange type ventilator disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the heat exchanger unit 101 includes a heat exchange element 102 that can perform heat exchange ventilation, an exhaust path 103 that exhausts indoor air to the outside and passes through the heat exchange element 102, An air supply path 104 that supplies air into the room and passes through the heat exchange element 102, an exhaust fan 105 that is incorporated in the exhaust path 103, an air supply fan 106 that is incorporated in the air supply path 104, and the outdoor air temperature of the outdoor air And a control unit that controls the operation of the exhaust fan 105 and the supply fan 106 according to the outside air temperature detected by the temperature sensor 107.

  And the control part of the heat exchanger unit 101 performs two freezing suppression control according to external temperature, in order to suppress that the heat exchange element 102 freezes, when external temperature falls below -10 degreeC. These two freeze suppression controls are a first freeze suppression control and a second freeze suppression control.

  The first freezing suppression control is a control for suppressing freezing of the heat exchange element 102 when the outside air temperature falls below −10 ° C., and the exhaust fan 105 is always operated and the operation of the air supply fan 106 is performed for 60 minutes. Repeat the operation to pause for the first 15 minutes.

  The second freezing suppression control is a control for suppressing freezing of the heat exchange element 102 more strongly than the first freezing suppression control when the outside air temperature falls below −15 ° C., and the exhaust fan 105 and the supply fan 106 are controlled. Perform intermittent operation. In the second freezing suppression control, the exhaust fan 105 and the air supply fan 106 are paused for 60 minutes and then restarted for 5 minutes.

JP 2003-148780 A

  Such a conventional heat exchange type ventilator has a problem that heat exchange ventilation cannot be performed during intermittent operation by freezing suppression control.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to evaporate and melt condensation and ice while performing heat exchange ventilation under conditions where condensation and condensation occur inside a heat exchange element such as in a cold district. An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchange type ventilation device that can be used.

In order to achieve this object, the heat exchange ventilator of the present invention includes an air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room, an exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outside, the air supply path, A heat exchange element that exchanges heat with the exhaust path, and a first opening and a second opening that are opened in the heat exchange element in order to flow an air flow in the air supply path to the heat exchange element, The outdoor-side air supply switching unit and the indoor-side air supply switching unit that reverse the flow direction of the supply airflow in the heat exchange element, the outdoor-side air supply switching unit, the outdoor and the first opening or the first Either one of the two openings communicates, and the indoor air supply switching unit communicates either the first opening or the second opening with the room, and the outdoor air supply switching unit and the By operating the indoor air supply switching unit at the same time, the first opening communicates with the outside. Switching a first air supply state and the second opening and chamber communicates, and a second air supply state and the first opening and the chamber is communicated with the outdoor said second opening communicated with with Te, which has a configuration that you reverse the flow direction of the supply flow flowing through the heat exchanger in the device, thereby is to achieve the intended purpose.

An air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room, an exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outdoors, a heat exchange element for exchanging heat between the air supply path and the exhaust path, and the exhaust path A third opening and a fourth opening opened in the heat exchange element for flowing an exhaust flow therein to the heat exchange element, and an outdoor exhaust switching unit for reversing the flow direction of the exhaust flow in the heat exchange element And the indoor side exhaust gas switching unit, the outdoor side exhaust gas switching unit communicates either the outside or the third opening or the fourth opening, and the indoor side exhaust gas switching unit is Either the opening or the fourth opening communicates with the room, and the outdoor exhaust switching unit and the indoor exhaust switching unit are operated at the same time, so that the third opening communicates with the outside. A first exhaust state in which the fourth opening communicates with the room; By switching the second exhaust state where said third opening and chamber communicating with the outdoor said fourth opening communicated with, that you reverse the flow direction of the exhaust flow through the heat exchanger in the device It may be configured to achieve the intended purpose.

  According to the heat exchange ventilator of the present invention, heat exchange between the air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room, the exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outside, and the air supply path and the exhaust path. A heat exchanging element, a first opening and a second opening that are opened in the heat exchanging element in order to flow an air flow in the air supply path to the heat exchanging element, and an air supply air in the heat exchanging element An outdoor-side air supply switching unit and an indoor-side air supply switching unit that reverse the flow direction of the outdoor air-supply switching unit, wherein the outdoor-side air supply switching unit is configured to connect either the outdoor or the first opening or the second opening. The indoor air supply switching unit communicates either the first opening or the second opening with the room, and the outdoor air supply switching unit and the indoor air supply switching unit are simultaneously connected. By operating, the first opening and the outdoor communicate with each other and the second opening and the chamber By switching between the first air supply state in which the first opening and the room communicate with each other and the second air supply state in which the second opening and the outside communicate with each other, When the temperature becomes extremely low and condensation or icing occurs in the exhaust path inside the heat exchange element, making heat exchange ventilation difficult, heat exchange can be performed by switching between the first air supply state and the second air supply state. The flow direction of the air supply flowing through the element is reversed.

  By reversing the flow direction of the supply air flow, the warm supply air after heat exchange flows out from the first opening where the cold supply air flow before heat exchange flows, and the warm supply air after heat exchange flows out. In addition, the cold air supply air before heat exchange flows into the second opening, and the temperature distribution of the air supply flow path inside the heat exchange element can be reversed.

  As a result, heat exchange in the air supply path is achieved by the condensation and icing that have occurred in the part of the heat exchange element that is relatively cold, that is, in the exhaust path near the first opening where the air supply flow was flowing. It can be evaporated and melted by the warm air supply later.

  Furthermore, by providing a separate outdoor air supply switching unit that switches the airflow before heat exchange and an indoor air supply switching unit that switches the airflow after heat exchange, the temperature before and after heat exchange when switching the airflow Gases with differences in humidity and humidity can be mixed to reduce the risk of condensation and icing inside the switching unit. This makes it possible to stably reverse the air supply air even when the outdoor temperature is extremely low.

  An air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room, an exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outdoors, a heat exchange element for exchanging heat between the air supply path and the exhaust path, and the exhaust path A third opening and a fourth opening opened in the heat exchange element for flowing an exhaust flow therein to the heat exchange element, and an outdoor exhaust switching unit for reversing the flow direction of the exhaust flow in the heat exchange element And the indoor side exhaust gas switching unit, the outdoor side exhaust gas switching unit communicates either the outside or the third opening or the fourth opening, and the indoor side exhaust gas switching unit is Either the opening or the fourth opening communicates with the room, and the outdoor exhaust switching unit and the indoor exhaust switching unit are operated at the same time, so that the third opening communicates with the outside. A first exhaust state in which the fourth opening communicates with the room; By switching the second exhaust state in which the third opening and the room communicate with each other and the fourth opening and the outside communicate with each other, the outdoor temperature becomes extremely low, and the exhaust inside the heat exchange element is exhausted. When condensation or icing occurs in the path and heat exchange ventilation becomes difficult, the flow direction of the exhaust flow flowing in the heat exchange element is reversed by switching between the first exhaust state and the second exhaust state.

  By reversing the flow direction of the exhaust flow, the cold exhaust flow after heat exchange flows out from the fourth opening where the warm exhaust flow before heat exchange flows in, and the cold exhaust flow after heat exchange flows out The warm exhaust flow before heat exchange flows into the third opening, and the temperature distribution of the exhaust path inside the heat exchange element can be reversed.

  As a result, the dew condensation and icing that have occurred in the portion of the heat exchange element that is relatively cold, that is, the exhaust path near the third opening where the exhaust flow has flowed out, are removed from the warm exhaust flow before the heat exchange. Can evaporate and melt.

  Furthermore, by providing an outdoor exhaust switching unit that switches the exhaust flow before heat exchange and an indoor exhaust switching unit that switches the exhaust flow after heat exchange, the temperature difference before and after the heat exchange when switching the exhaust flow Gases with a difference in humidity can be mixed to reduce the risk of condensation or icing inside the switching unit. As a result, the exhaust flow can be stably reversed even when the outdoor temperature is extremely low.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchange ventilator capable of evaporating and melting condensation and ice while performing heat exchange ventilation by the above-described action.

The structure schematic diagram which shows the heat exchange type | formula ventilation apparatus of the 1st air supply state and 1st exhaust state in Embodiment 1 of this invention Configuration schematic diagram showing a heat exchange type ventilator in the second air supply state and the second exhaust state in the first embodiment of the present invention The block diagram which shows the cross section of the outdoor air supply switching part in Embodiment 1 of this invention Configuration schematic diagram showing a heat exchange type ventilator in the second air supply state and the first exhaust state in the first embodiment of the present invention The structure schematic diagram which shows the heat exchange type | formula ventilation apparatus of the 1st air supply state and 2nd exhaust state in Embodiment 1 of this invention Schematic diagram of the configuration near the outdoor air supply switching unit Configuration diagram of schematic cross section showing a conventional heat exchange air unit

The heat exchange type ventilator according to claim 1 of the present invention includes an air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room, an exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outside, and between the air supply path and the exhaust path. A heat exchange element for exchanging heat in the heat exchange element, a first opening and a second opening opened in the heat exchange element for flowing a supply airflow in the air supply path to the heat exchange element, and in the heat exchange element An outdoor-side air supply switching unit and an indoor-side air supply switching unit that reverse the flow direction of the air-supply airflow, and the outdoor-side air supply switching unit is either the outdoor, the first opening, or the second opening. One of the first opening and the second opening communicates with the room, and the outdoor-side air supply switching unit and the indoor-side air supply switching. By operating the part simultaneously, the first opening and the outdoor communicate with each other and the second opening A first air supply state parts and the chamber is communicated, the the first opening and the chamber and the outdoor said second opening communicated with by switching between the second air supply state communicating, the heat exchanger It has a configuration that you reverse the flow direction of the supply flow flowing through the device.

  This makes it possible to switch between the first air supply state and the second air supply state when the outdoor temperature becomes extremely low and condensation or icing occurs in the exhaust path inside the heat exchange element, making heat exchange ventilation difficult. Thus, the flow direction of the air supply flowing through the heat exchange element is reversed.

  By reversing the flow direction of the supply air flow, the warm supply air after the heat exchange flows out from the first opening where the cold supply air flow before the heat exchange flows, and the warm supply air after the heat exchange flows out. The cold air supply air before heat exchange flows into the second opening, and the temperature distribution of the air supply flow path inside the heat exchange element is reversed.

  As a result, heat exchange in the air supply path is achieved by the condensation and icing that have occurred in the part of the heat exchange element that is relatively cold, that is, in the exhaust path near the first opening where the air supply flow was flowing. It can be warmed and evaporated / melted by a warm air supply later.

  Furthermore, by providing a separate outdoor air supply switching unit that switches the airflow before heat exchange and an indoor air supply switching unit that switches the airflow after heat exchange, the temperature before and after heat exchange when switching the airflow Gases with differences in humidity and humidity can be mixed to reduce the risk of condensation and icing inside the switching unit. This makes it possible to stably reverse the air supply air even when the outdoor temperature is extremely low.

  With the above action, it is possible to evaporate and melt condensation and ice while performing heat exchange ventilation.

  The outdoor air supply switching unit and the indoor air supply switching unit may be made of a material having heat insulation properties.

  As a result, when the outdoor air supply switching unit or the indoor air supply switching unit switches the air supply path, the temperature difference between the path through which the air supply air flows before switching and the path through which the air supply air flows after switching. Even if this occurs, heat exchange between the two paths can be suppressed. Therefore, the occurrence of condensation and icing in the air supply path near the outdoor air supply switching unit or the indoor air supply switching unit due to the heat exchange is suppressed, and the occurrence of malfunction due to condensation and icing in the air supply switching unit is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to continuously reverse the flow direction of the supply airflow, and to evaporate and melt condensation and ice while performing heat exchange ventilation.

  Further, a configuration is provided that includes an air supply bypass that bypasses the outdoor air supply switching unit, communicates the outdoor and second openings in the first air supply state, and communicates the outdoor and first openings in the second air supply state. It is good.

  As a result, the outdoor air temperature becomes extremely low, and the air supply bypass is used to evaporate and melt the condensation and icing inside the heat exchange element by switching between the first air supply state and the second air supply state. A part of the air can be supplied into the room without circulating the heat exchange element. Therefore, the temperature drop of the whole heat exchange element can be suppressed, and the condensation and ice evaporation and melting inside the heat exchange element due to the reversal of the flow direction of the supply airflow can be promoted.

An air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room, an exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outdoors, a heat exchange element for exchanging heat between the air supply path and the exhaust path, and the exhaust path A third opening and a fourth opening opened in the heat exchange element for flowing an exhaust flow therein to the heat exchange element, and an outdoor exhaust switching unit for reversing the flow direction of the exhaust flow in the heat exchange element And the indoor side exhaust gas switching unit, the outdoor side exhaust gas switching unit communicates either the outside or the third opening or the fourth opening, and the indoor side exhaust gas switching unit is Either the opening or the fourth opening communicates with the room, and the outdoor exhaust switching unit and the indoor exhaust switching unit are operated at the same time, so that the third opening communicates with the outside. A first exhaust state in which the fourth opening communicates with the room; By switching the second exhaust state where said third opening and chamber communicating with the outdoor said fourth opening communicated with, that you reverse the flow direction of the exhaust flow through the heat exchanger in the device It may be configured.

  As a result, when the outdoor temperature becomes extremely low and condensation or icing occurs in the exhaust path inside the heat exchange element and heat exchange ventilation becomes difficult, by switching between the first exhaust state and the second exhaust state, The flow direction of the exhaust flow flowing in the heat exchange element can be reversed. Therefore, the cold exhaust flow after the heat exchange flows out from the fourth opening where the warm exhaust flow before the heat exchange flows, and the third opening where the cold exhaust flow after the heat exchange flows out before the heat exchange. As a result, the temperature distribution of the exhaust path inside the heat exchange element can be reversed. As a result, while performing heat exchange ventilation, the dew condensation and icing that occurred in the part of the heat exchange element that was relatively cold, that is, the exhaust path near the third opening where the exhaust flow was flowing out, were removed. It has the effect of being able to evaporate and melt by the warm exhaust flow before heat exchange.

  Furthermore, by providing an outdoor exhaust switching unit that switches the exhaust flow before heat exchange and an indoor exhaust switching unit that switches the exhaust flow after heat exchange, the temperature difference before and after the heat exchange when switching the exhaust flow Gases with a difference in humidity can be mixed to reduce the risk of condensation or icing inside the switching unit. As a result, the exhaust flow can be stably reversed even when the outdoor temperature is extremely low.

  Moreover, you may make it the structure that an outdoor side exhaust gas switching part and an indoor side exhaust gas switching part consist of a material with high heat insulation, respectively.

  As a result, when the outdoor exhaust switching unit or the indoor exhaust switching unit switches the exhaust path, a temperature difference occurs between the path through which the exhaust flow circulated before switching and the path through which the exhaust flow circulated after switching. Even if it is a case, it can suppress that heat exchange arises between both paths. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation or icing in the exhaust path near the outdoor exhaust switching unit or the indoor exhaust switching unit due to the heat exchange, and to suppress the occurrence of malfunction due to condensation or icing in the exhaust switching unit. Therefore, it is possible to continuously reverse the flow direction of the exhaust flow and evaporate and melt the condensation and ice while performing heat exchange ventilation.

  In addition, an exhaust blower for ventilating the exhaust path is provided, and the conveyance power of the exhaust blower is stopped or reduced while switching is performed at the outdoor exhaust switching unit or the indoor exhaust switching unit. Good.

  As a result, when switching is performed at the outdoor exhaust switching unit or the indoor exhaust switching unit, the warm exhaust flow before heat exchange is cooled by the cold exhaust flow after heat exchange without passing through the heat exchange element. By flowing into the path, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation or icing in the exhaust path. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of malfunction due to condensation or icing in the outdoor exhaust switching part, and to continuously reverse the flow direction of the exhaust flow and evaporate and melt the condensation and icing while performing heat exchange ventilation. There is an effect that can be.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a schematic configuration diagram of a heat exchange type ventilator in the present embodiment. As will be described later, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the flow directions of the supply air flow and the exhaust flow flowing inside the heat exchange element are reversed.

  The heat exchange type ventilator according to the present embodiment includes an outdoor suction port 2 that takes outdoor air into the main body box 1 from the outside, an indoor air supply port 3 that supplies outdoor air to the room, and indoor air from the room. And an outdoor exhaust port 5 for discharging indoor air to the outside.

  In addition, an air supply path 6 that connects the outdoor suction port 2 and the indoor air supply port 3, an exhaust path 7 that connects the indoor suction port 4 and the outdoor exhaust port 5, and a supply airflow that flows through the air supply path 6 Supply air blowing means 8 for blowing air, exhaust air blowing means 9 for blowing an exhaust flow flowing through the exhaust path 7, and a heat exchange element 10 for exchanging heat between the supply air path 6 and the exhaust path 7. It has.

  The heat exchange element 10 has a first opening portion 11 and a second opening portion 12 that are opened for flowing a supply airflow flowing in the supply passage 6, and a third opening that is opened for flowing an exhaust flow flowing in the exhaust passage 7. An opening 13 and a fourth opening 14 are provided.

  Furthermore, an outdoor air supply switching unit 15 and an indoor air supply switching unit 16 are provided as air supply reversing means, and an outdoor exhaust gas switching unit 17 and an indoor exhaust switching unit 18 are provided as exhaust flow reversing means. Prepare. The structure of these switching units is illustrated in FIG. 3 and will be described later.

  FIG. 1 shows an air supply path 6 in the first air supply state and an exhaust path 7 in the first exhaust state. The air supply path 6 in the first air supply state includes the outdoor air supply inlet 2, the outdoor air supply switching unit 15, the first opening 11, the second opening 12, the indoor air supply switching unit 16, and the air supply and blowing means 8. Through the indoor air supply port 3. The exhaust path 7 in the first exhaust state passes from the indoor suction port 4 through the indoor side exhaust switching part 18, the fourth opening part 14, the third opening part 13, the outdoor side exhaust switching part 17, and the exhaust air blowing means 9. 5 is a route that communicates 5.

  FIG. 2 shows an air supply path 6 in the second air supply state and an exhaust path 7 in the second exhaust state. The air supply path 6 in the second air supply state includes the outdoor air inlet 2, the outdoor air supply switching unit 15, the second opening 12, the first opening 11, the indoor air supply switching unit 16, and the air supply / air blowing means 8. Through the indoor air supply port 3. The exhaust path 7 in the second exhaust state is a path that communicates with the outdoor exhaust port 5 from the indoor suction port 4 through the indoor side exhaust switching unit 18, the third opening 13, the fourth opening 14, and the outdoor side exhaust switching unit 17. It has become.

  FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the outdoor air supply switching unit 15. 3A shows a first air supply state in which the outdoor and the first opening 11 are communicated, and FIG. 3B shows a second air supply state in which the outdoor and the second opening 12 are in communication. The outdoor opening 19 communicates with the outside, the first opening connection port 20 communicates with the first opening 11, and the second opening connection port 21 communicates with the second opening 12.

  The switching is performed by the first partition plate 22 and the second partition plate 23 being rotated by the drive unit 25 through the shaft 24. When the first partition plate 22 or the second partition plate 23 is parallel to the inner wall surface of the outdoor air supply switching unit 15 by the rotation of the shaft 24, the air supply path 6 is changed to the first partition plate 22 or the second partition plate 22. The air supply path 6 can be disconnected by the first partition plate 22 or the second partition plate 23 when the partition plate 23 can be communicated and becomes perpendicular to the inner wall surface of the outdoor air supply switching unit 15.

  Furthermore, by configuring the first partition plate 22 and the second partition plate 23 to be perpendicular to each other, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the outdoor and the first opening 11 or the second opening. Only one of the parts 12 can communicate.

  Moreover, regarding the material, the first partition plate 22 and the second partition plate 23 each have a heat insulation property, for example, are composed of engineering plastics such as ABS, and the other part of the outdoor air supply switching unit 15 is also a heat insulation property. The material is made of a high-quality material such as polystyrene foam.

  The material having heat insulation in the present invention is a material having a low heat transfer coefficient, for example, 1 W / m · K or less, preferably 0.1 W / m · K, and a material having a large heat capacity, for example, a specific heat of 1 J The material satisfying at least one of the characteristics such as a material of / g · K or more. It is still more preferable if both of the characteristics are satisfied, and the exemplified polystyrene foam is one of materials that satisfy both of these characteristics.

  In the present embodiment, the indoor-side air supply switching unit 16, the outdoor-side exhaust switching unit 17, and the indoor-side exhaust switching unit 18 also have the same configuration as the outdoor-side air supply switching unit 15. .

  In the above configuration, an operation for switching from the first supply state and the first exhaust state to the second supply state and the second exhaust state will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  When the outdoor temperature is extremely low, for example, −10 ° C. or lower, the exhaust path 7 in the vicinity of the third opening 13 through which the cool exhaust flow after heat exchange flows out in the first supply state and the first exhaust state shown in FIG. Condensation and icing occur in the air, making heat exchange ventilation difficult.

  Here, using the outdoor side air supply switching unit 15, the indoor side air supply switching unit 16, the outdoor side exhaust switching unit 17, and the indoor side exhaust switching unit 18, the first air supply state and the first exhaust state shown in FIG. 2 is switched to the second air supply state and the second exhaust state shown in FIG. 2, the flow direction of the air supply flow and the exhaust flow flowing in the heat exchange element 10 can be reversed.

  As a result of the inversion, the warm supply air after the heat exchange flows out from the first opening 11 into which the cold supply air before the heat exchange flows, and the second opening 12 from which the warm supply air after the heat exchange flows out. The cold airflow before heat exchange flows into the. In addition, a cold exhaust flow after heat exchange flows out from the fourth opening 14 into which the warm exhaust flow before heat exchange flows, and heat is supplied to the third opening 13 from which the cold exhaust flow after heat exchange flows out. The warm exhaust flow before exchange flows in, and the temperature distribution inside the heat exchange element 10 is reversed.

  As a result, the exhaust path 7 in the vicinity of the fourth opening 14 that has been relatively cold inside the heat exchange element 10 becomes relatively hot, and the generated condensation and ice can be evaporated and melted.

  Further, in the first air supply state and the second air supply state, only the air supply air before heat exchange is supplied to the outdoor air supply switch unit 15, and only the air supply air after heat exchange is supplied to the indoor air supply switch unit 16. Communicated. Therefore, in each switching unit, it is possible to suppress the formation of condensation and icing due to mixing of the airflow before and after heat exchange, and the switching unit can be operated stably, so the outdoor temperature is extremely low. The above switching can be performed even under conditions.

  Similarly, in the first exhaust state and the second exhaust state, only the exhaust flow after heat exchange communicates with the outdoor exhaust switching unit 17, and only the exhaust flow before heat exchange communicates with the indoor exhaust switching unit 18. . Therefore, in each switching unit, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation and icing due to mixing of the exhaust flow before and after heat exchange, and the switching unit can be operated stably, so the outdoor temperature is extremely low. The above switching can be performed even under conditions.

  Furthermore, since the outdoor side air supply switching unit 15, the indoor side air supply switching unit 16, the outdoor side exhaust switching unit 17, and the indoor side exhaust switching unit 18 are made of a highly heat-insulating material, fluctuations in outside air temperature, Even if there is a temperature difference between the path through which the supply airflow or exhaust flow circulated before switching and the path through which the supply airflow or exhaust flow circulated after switching, The occurrence of heat exchange can be suppressed. Therefore, the outdoor air supply switching unit 15 and the indoor air supply switching unit 16, the outdoor exhaust gas switching unit 17, and the air supply path in the vicinity of the indoor exhaust gas switching unit 18 and the generation of condensation and icing in the exhaust path due to the heat exchange. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of malfunction due to condensation and icing.

  In this way, when condensation or icing occurs and heat exchange ventilation becomes difficult, the first air supply state, the first exhaust state, the second air supply state, and the second exhaust state are switched, and the air supply air flow and the exhaust air flow are changed. By reversing the flow direction, condensation and ice can be evaporated and melted while performing heat exchange ventilation. When the outdoor extremely low temperature condition continues, the heat exchange ventilation operation can be continuously performed by performing this switching at regular intervals, for example, every hour.

  In the first embodiment, the air supply / air blowing means 8 is provided in the vicinity of the indoor air supply port 3. However, any position can be used as long as the air supply air can flow through the air supply path 6. It may be between the outer air supply switching unit 15.

  Although the exhaust air blowing means 9 is provided in the vicinity of the outdoor exhaust port 5 in the first embodiment, it may be located anywhere as long as the exhaust flow can flow into the exhaust path 7, for example, the indoor suction port 4 and the indoor side exhaust gas switching. It may be between the unit 18.

  As in the first embodiment, the air supply / air blowing means 8 is provided near the indoor air supply port 3 and the air supply / air blowing means 9 is provided near the outdoor exhaust port 5, or the air supply / air blowing means is provided near the outdoor suction port 2. 8 and an exhaust air blowing means 9 in the vicinity of the indoor suction port 4 is used, both the air supply path 6 and the exhaust path 7 inside the heat exchange element 10 become negative pressure or positive pressure, and the heat exchange element 10 Since the pressure difference between the supply air flow and the exhaust flow flowing through the space becomes small, the burden on the heat exchange element 10 can be reduced, which is more preferable.

  In the first embodiment, the outdoor air supply switching unit 15 includes the first partition plate 22 and the second partition plate 23 to switch the air supply. However, the air supply path 6 is used without using the partition plate. Or a mechanism for selectively moving and reconnecting a part of the air supply path 6 without any difference in the effect.

  In Embodiment 1, the first partition plate 22 and the second partition plate 23 are made of a highly heat-insulating material. However, instead of the partition plate itself, a highly heat-insulating material such as polystyrene foam is used on the surface of the partition plate. It may be prepared and does not make a difference in its effect.

In the first embodiment, the outdoor-side air supply switching unit 15, the indoor-side air supply switching unit 16, the outdoor-side exhaust switching unit 17, and the indoor-side exhaust switching unit 18 have the same configuration. Another configuration may be used. For example, when the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, the indoor air supply switching unit 16 is relatively higher in temperature than the outdoor air supply switching unit 15, and condensation and icing are unlikely to occur. for that reason,
Differentiating configurations such as increasing the heat insulation property of the outdoor air supply switching unit 15, for example, increasing the thickness by using foamed polystyrene as a heat insulating material can be mentioned.

  For example, when a sensible heat exchange element is used for the heat exchange element 10, the relative humidity of the exhaust air flow increases and the relative humidity of the supply air flow decreases due to heat exchange. Therefore, the outdoor-side air supply switching unit 15 and the indoor-side air supply switching unit 16 are relatively less likely to cause condensation and icing than the outdoor-side exhaust switching unit 17 and the indoor-side exhaust switching unit 18. For this reason, the difference of the structure which increases the heat insulation of the switching part of an exhaust flow, and the torque of a drive part with respect to the switching part of a supply airflow is mentioned.

  In addition, although the case where the switching of the air supply state and the switching of the exhaust state is performed at the same time has been described here, even if the air supply state is switched without switching the exhaust state, only the exhaust state is switched without switching the air supply state Even in such a case, the dew condensation / icing formed in the exhaust path 7 can be evaporated / melted.

  First, the case where only the air supply state is switched without switching the exhaust state will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4.

  As described above, in the first air supply state and the first exhaust state shown in FIG. 1, the first opening 11 into which the cold air supply air before heat exchange flows and the cold exhaust air after the heat exchange are provided under the extremely low temperature conditions outside. Condensation and icing occur in the exhaust path 7 in the vicinity of the fourth opening 14 from which the flow flows out, making it difficult to perform heat exchange ventilation.

  Here, by switching from the first air supply state and the first exhaust state shown in FIG. 1 to the second air supply state and the first exhaust state shown in FIG. 4, the flow direction of the air supply air flowing through the heat exchange element 10 is changed. Invert. By reversing the flow direction of the air supply airflow, in the air supply path 6, the warm airflow after heat exchange flows out from the first opening 11, and the cold airflow before heat exchange flows into the second opening 12. Thus, the temperature distribution of the air supply path 6 inside the heat exchange element 10 is reversed.

  As a result, it is possible to evaporate and melt the dew condensation / ice formation that has occurred in the exhaust path 7 in the vicinity of the first opening 11 and the fourth opening 14 that are relatively low in temperature inside the heat exchange element 10.

  In this way, when heat exchange ventilation becomes difficult due to condensation or icing, switching between the first air supply state and the second air supply state and reversing the flow direction of the air supply air flow makes it possible to perform heat exchange ventilation. Condensation and ice can be evaporated and melted while performing. If the outdoor low temperature condition continues, heat exchange ventilation can be operated continuously by performing this switching at regular intervals.

  Next, the case where only the exhaust state is switched without switching the air supply state will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 shows a first air supply state and a first exhaust state, and condensation and icing are formed in the exhaust passage 7 near the first opening 11 and the fourth opening 14 under a temperature condition where the outdoor temperature is extremely low. Heat exchange ventilation becomes difficult.

  Here, the flow direction of the exhaust flow flowing in the heat exchange element 10 is reversed by switching to the first supply state and the second exhaust state shown in FIG. By reversing the flow direction of the exhaust flow, in the exhaust path 7, the cold exhaust flow after heat exchange flows out from the third opening 13, and the warm exhaust flow before heat exchange flows into the fourth opening 14. Thus, the temperature distribution of the exhaust path 7 inside the heat exchange element 10 is reversed.

  As a result, it is possible to evaporate and melt the dew condensation / ice formation that has occurred in the exhaust path 7 in the vicinity of the first opening 11 and the fourth opening 14 that are relatively low in temperature inside the heat exchange element 10.

  In this way, when condensation and icing occur and heat exchange ventilation becomes difficult, dew condensation occurs while performing heat exchange ventilation by switching between the first exhaust state and the second exhaust state and reversing the flow direction of the exhaust flow.・ I can evaporate and melt the ice. If the outdoor low temperature condition continues, heat exchange ventilation can be operated continuously by performing this switching at regular intervals.

  Further, as shown in the schematic configuration diagram in the vicinity of the outdoor air supply switching unit 15 in FIG. 6, the outdoor air supply switching unit 15 is bypassed and the outdoor and the second opening 12 are communicated in the first air supply state. It was set as the structure provided with the 2nd air supply bypass 27 which makes the outdoor and the 1st opening part 11 communicate in the 2nd air supply state.

  The first air supply bypass 26 and the second air supply bypass 27 are respectively provided with a first closing valve 28 and a second closing valve 29, and the first air supply bypass 26 is communicated by opening the first closing valve 28. The second air supply bypass 27 can be communicated by opening the second shut-off valve 29.

  With this configuration, in the first air supply state, the first shut-off valve 28 is opened and the second shut-off valve 29 is closed, so that the heat exchange element 10 is partly supplied to the heat exchange element 10 using the first air supply bypass 26. Air can be supplied indoors without being distributed. Further, in the second air supply state, by closing the first shut-off valve 28 and opening the second shut-off valve 29, a part of the air supply air is circulated through the heat exchange element 10 using the second air supply bypass 27. It is possible to supply air into the room without any problems.

  As a result, the temperature drop of the entire heat exchange element 10 can be suppressed, and condensation / ice evaporation inside the heat exchange element 10 due to the reversal of the flow direction of the supply airflow can be promoted.

  In addition, although the case where the 1st air supply bypass 26 and the 2nd air supply bypass 27 were used was shown in FIG. 6, the same effect is acquired also by stopping the outdoor side air supply switching part 15 in the middle of switching. Can do. For example, in the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 3, when the first partition plate 22 and the second partition plate 23 are rotated by the shaft 24, the first partition plate 22 or the second partition plate 23 is connected to the outdoor air supply switching unit 15. By stopping the rotation before becoming perpendicular to the inner wall surface, the air supply air can be communicated with the first opening 11 and the second opening 12. Furthermore, the supply airflow can be communicated with the first opening 11 and the second opening 12 at an arbitrary ratio by adjusting the rotation angle. As a result, the temperature drop of the entire heat exchange element 10 can be suppressed, and condensation / ice evaporation inside the heat exchange element 10 due to the reversal of the flow direction of the supply airflow can be promoted.

  In addition, while the outdoor flow switching unit 17 and the indoor exhaust switching unit 18 switch the exhaust flow, the conveyance power of the exhaust air blowing means 9 is stopped or reduced.

  Since the cold exhaust flow after heat exchange flows through the outdoor exhaust switching unit 17, the temperature of the inner wall surface becomes low. Here, when the warm exhaust flow before heat exchange passes through the outdoor exhaust switching unit 17 without exchanging heat during switching of the exhaust flow, dew condensation or icing occurs on the inner wall surface, and the outdoor exhaust switching unit 17 malfunctions. May occur. Therefore, with this configuration, the occurrence of the malfunction can be suppressed by stopping or reducing the flow rate of the exhaust gas being switched.

  It should be noted that the air volume of the exhaust flow may be reduced by reducing the conveyance power, for example, by increasing the pressure loss during switching at a site such as the indoor exhaust switching unit, and the effect does not differ.

  The heat exchange type ventilator according to the present invention is capable of evaporating and melting condensation and ice while performing heat exchange ventilation. Between a supply air flow that supplies outdoor air to the room and an exhaust flow that exhausts indoor air to the outside, which is used under conditions that cause condensation and icing inside the heat exchange element in cold regions. It is useful as a heat exchange type ventilation device that exchanges heat.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body box 2 Outdoor suction port 3 Indoor air inlet 4 Indoor air inlet 5 Outdoor exhaust port 6 Air supply path 7 Exhaust path 8 Supply air blowing means 9 Exhaust air blowing means 10 Heat exchange element 11 First opening part 12 Second opening part 13 Third opening 14 Fourth opening 15 Outdoor air supply switching unit 16 Indoor air supply switching unit 17 Outdoor exhaust switching unit 18 Indoor exhaust switching unit 19 Outdoor opening 20 First opening connection port 21 First Two opening connection ports 22 First partition plate 23 Second partition plate 24 Shaft 25 Drive unit 26 First supply bypass 27 Second supply bypass 28 First shut-off valve 29 Second shut-off valve

Claims (6)

An air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room, an exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outside, a heat exchange element for exchanging heat between the air supply path and the exhaust path, and the air supply path A first opening and a second opening that are opened in the heat exchange element in order to flow the air supply air flow to the heat exchange element, and an outdoor air supply switching unit that reverses the flow direction of the air supply air in the heat exchange element And an indoor air supply switching unit,
The outdoor side air supply switching unit communicates either the first opening or the second opening with the outdoor,
The indoor-side air supply switching unit communicates either the first opening or the second opening with the room,
By operating the outdoor side air supply switching unit and the indoor side air supply switching unit simultaneously,
A first air supply state in which the first opening and the outside communicate with each other and the second opening and the room communicate with each other;
By switching the second air supply state and the indoor said first opening communicating with the outdoor said second opening communicated with, you reverse the flow direction of the supply flow flowing through the heat exchanger in the device A heat exchange type ventilator characterized by that. The heat exchange type ventilation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the outdoor air supply switching unit and the indoor air supply switching unit is made of a heat-insulating material. It is provided with an air supply bypass that bypasses the outdoor air supply switching unit, communicates the outdoor and the second opening in the first air supply state, and communicates the outdoor and the first opening in the second air supply state. The heat exchange type ventilator according to claim 1 or 2. An air supply path for taking outdoor air into the room, an exhaust path for discharging indoor air to the outdoor, a heat exchange element for exchanging heat between the air supply path and the exhaust path, A third opening and a fourth opening opened in the heat exchange element for flowing an exhaust flow through the heat exchange element; an outdoor exhaust switching unit and a chamber for reversing the flow direction of the exhaust flow in the heat exchange element; An inside exhaust switching unit, wherein the outdoor side exhaust switching unit communicates either the outside or the third opening or the fourth opening, and the indoor side exhaust switching unit is configured to communicate with the third opening. Alternatively, any one of the fourth openings communicates with the room, and the outdoor exhaust switching unit and the indoor exhaust switching unit are operated simultaneously, so that the third opening communicates with the outside and the first A first exhaust state in which the four openings communicate with the room; The fourth opening and the outdoor is switched and a second exhaust state for communicating, characterized that you reverse the flow direction of the exhaust flow through the heat exchanger in the device together with the third opening and the chamber communicating Heat exchange type ventilator. The heat exchange type ventilation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the outdoor side exhaust switching unit and the indoor side exhaust switching unit are each made of a highly heat-insulating material. An exhaust blower for ventilating the exhaust path is provided, and the transfer power of the exhaust blower is stopped or reduced while switching is performed in the outdoor exhaust switching unit or the indoor exhaust switching unit. 5. The heat exchange type ventilator according to 5.

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