JP2012016816A - Cutting tool, cutting device, and cutting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutting tool which can perform a plurality of plane cuttings with one cutting tool to form a predetermined groove part by planing a workpiece and can simplify cutting operations.SOLUTION: The cutting tool 10 has four turning tools 12A to 12D arranged radially around a central axis P of the tool body 11, and each of the turning tools 12A to 12D has chips 122A to 122D of mutually different shapes. The tool body 11 is turned around the central axis P so that each of the chips 122A to 122D is opposed to the workpiece in the predetermined order. The chips 122A to 122D are moved along the central axis P in the state that they are bitten into the workpiece, and the workpiece is planed parallel to the central axis P. Accordingly, when a predetermined groove part is formed by planing the workpiece, a plurality of planing operations can be performed with one cutting tool 10 and cutting operations can be simplified.

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting tool, a cutting device, and a cutting method that form a predetermined groove or protrusion by planing a workpiece.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a cutting tool that is attached to a cutting device and cuts a workpiece, and has a plurality of cutting tools, and each cutting tool cuts a plurality of portions of the workpiece, thereby processing the workpiece. Cutting tools capable of processing an object into a predetermined shape are known.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a rotary tool that is attached to a spindle or the like of a cutting apparatus and that cuts a workpiece while rotating, and forms a chamfered portion that is inclined at the periphery of the opening of a circular hole. A rotary tool having a knife and a planing knife for forming a flat surface inside the hole of the stepped hole is disclosed.
During cutting, the tool body is pressed against the workpiece while rotating. First, the flat surface of the stepped hole is cut with a flat knife fixed to the tool body. When the tool body is pushed to a predetermined depth while cutting the flat surface, the periphery of the opening is chamfered by the chamfering knife fixed to the rear of the flat cutting knife.
Thus, if the rotary tool of patent document 1 is used, formation of the flat surface of a step part and deburring of the periphery of an opening part will be performed with one rotary tool.

Japanese Patent No. 2904777

  However, since the cutting tool described in Patent Document 1 is a rotating tool, it cannot be applied to a case where a workpiece is cut (planed) without rotating the tool. For example, when forming a groove along the axial direction of the hole on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole, generally, a roughing tool (such as a square tool) and a finishing tool (such as a side tool) are used. Thus, a machining method for flattening the workpiece is employed. Even when a groove or the like is flattened on such a workpiece, there is a high demand for simplifying the machining operation by performing a plurality of planing with a single tool.

  An object of the present invention is to simplify a machining operation by performing a plurality of planing operations with a single cutting tool when a predetermined groove or protrusion is formed by planing a workpiece. The present invention provides a cutting tool, a cutting apparatus, and a cutting method capable of achieving the above.

  The cutting tool of the present invention includes a tool body having a central axis, and a plurality of tools arranged radially around the central axis and fixed to the tool body. A cutting tool for forming a groove portion or a protrusion portion, wherein the plurality of cutting tools have cutting edges having different shapes and are respectively disposed on a plurality of planes orthogonal to the central axis, The tool body is positioned in a rotational direction around the central axis in order to make each of the cutting edges face the workpiece in a predetermined order, and the cutting edge facing the workpiece is the workpiece. In this state, the workpiece is moved along the central axis, and the workpiece is plane-cut parallel to the central axis.

  According to this configuration, the cutting tool includes a plurality of radially arranged cutting tools, and the cutting edge shapes of the cutting tools are different from each other. Shaped grooves and protrusions can be formed. At this time, the tool to be used can be easily selected and changed from a plurality of tools simply by rotating the tool body around the central axis.

By the way, in the case of forming grooves and ridges along the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder or the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, the cutting tool is reciprocated in the axial direction with respect to the workpiece, Planing is performed in which a cutting motion is applied to the cutting tool. In such flat cutting, a plurality of cutting tools are often used. For example, in many cases, after rough cutting is performed with a rough cutting tool, finishing is performed with a finishing tool. Therefore, it is possible to change from a rough cutting tool to a finishing tool simply by rotating the tool body around the central axis.
The same effect can be obtained even if the cutting edge of the cutting tool is made to face the workpiece by rotating the workpiece without rotating the cutting tool around its central axis.

  As described above, when planing a groove or ridge on a workpiece, a plurality of planing processes can be performed with one cutting tool, and a tool to be used can be easily changed. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the processing work. For example, since the labor of tool change can be saved, the machining time can be shortened and the work efficiency can be improved.

  Furthermore, in the cutting tool of the present invention, since the plurality of cutting tools are arranged separately on a plurality of planes orthogonal to the central axis, the mounting portions of the cutting tools can be arranged at positions shifted from each other in the central axis direction. The outer diameter dimension in the direction orthogonal to the central axis of the tool body can be reduced. For example, when a cutting tool is inserted into a through-hole for cutting, the cutting tool can be inserted into a relatively small through-hole, so that the target range of a workable material can be expanded.

  The cutting device of the present invention is a cutting device that has the cutting tool and forms a predetermined groove or ridge by flattening the workpiece, and the workpiece is A table to be placed; a rotational movement mechanism that supports the cutting tool such that the central axis and a workpiece surface of the workpiece are parallel; and positions the cutting tool in a rotational direction around the central axis; An X-axis movement mechanism that relatively moves the table and the rotational movement mechanism in the X-axis direction; a Y-axis movement mechanism that relatively moves the table and the rotational movement mechanism in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis; A Z-axis moving mechanism that relatively moves the table and the rotational movement mechanism in a Z-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis and the Y-axis. Facing the above In a state of being cut into the machined surface, the is relatively moved in the axial direction relative to the processing surface, the characterized by planing the workpiece surface.

Here, the rotational movement mechanism supports the cutting tool so as to be rotatable about its central axis, and further rotates the cutting tool so that the cutting edge of the cutting tool to be used faces the work surface. Has a function of positioning. As this rotational movement mechanism, a mechanism equipped with a servo mechanism can be adopted, and positioning of the cutting tool in the rotational direction may be performed by the servo mechanism.
In addition, a three-dimensional relative movement in which the workpiece placed on the table and the cutting tool supported by the rotational movement mechanism are relatively moved in a three-dimensional direction by the X-axis movement mechanism, the Y-axis movement mechanism, and the Z-axis movement mechanism. The mechanism is configured.

According to this configuration, since the rotary movement mechanism and the three-dimensional relative movement mechanism are provided, the cutting tool can be easily changed to a tool to be used by rotating the rotary movement mechanism. Further, the three-dimensional relative movement mechanism Thus, the cutting edge of the cutting tool to be used can be adjusted to a predetermined amount by appropriately moving the cutting edge of the cutting tool with respect to the work surface. Then, it is possible to plan the workpiece by relatively moving the cutting edge along the workpiece surface (parallel to the central axis of the tool body).
As described above, according to the cutting device of the present invention, when a groove or protrusion is flattened on a workpiece, a plurality of flattening can be performed with one cutting tool. Since the tool to be used can be easily changed, the machining operation can be simplified.

  The cutting device of the present invention is a cutting device that has the cutting tool and forms a predetermined groove or ridge by flattening the workpiece, and the workpiece is Relative movement of the table to be placed, the tool support for supporting the cutting tool so that the center axis and the workpiece surface of the workpiece are parallel, and the table and the tool support in the X-axis direction An X-axis moving mechanism for moving the table and the tool support portion relative to each other in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis, and the table in the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis and the Y-axis. And a Z-axis movement mechanism that relatively moves the tool support, and a rotary movement mechanism that rotatably supports the table around a rotation axis parallel to the central axis and positions the table in a rotation direction around the rotation axis. Consists of including Each cutting edge is opposed to the processing surface in a predetermined order and is relatively moved in the central axis direction with respect to the processing surface in a state of being cut into the processing surface, and the processing surface Is characterized by flattening.

Here, the rotational movement mechanism is a function that positions the table so that the cutting edge of the tool to be used faces the work surface by rotating the table and supporting the table rotatably about the rotation axis. have.
According to this configuration, since the rotary movement mechanism for rotating the table is provided, it is possible to easily change the tool to be used by rotating the table, and obtain the same effect as the above-described cutting apparatus. Can do.

  The cutting method of the present invention is a cutting method for forming a predetermined groove or protrusion by plane machining a workpiece, the tool body having a parallel central axis, and A cutting tool comprising a plurality of cutting tools arranged radially on a central axis, fixed to the tool body, having cutting edges of different shapes and arranged on a plurality of planes orthogonal to the central axis. In order to support the cutting tool so that the center axis and the workpiece surface of the workpiece are parallel, and to make the respective cutting edges face the workpiece surface in a predetermined order, The cutting tool is positioned in the rotational direction around the central axis, or the workpiece is positioned in the rotational direction around the rotational axis parallel to the central axis, and the cutting edge facing the workpiece surface is Cut to work surface In a state in which written, the are moved relative to the central axis direction with respect to the work surface, the characterized by planing the workpiece surface.

According to this structure, since the said cutting tool is used, the effect similar to the above is acquired. That is, when planing a groove or ridge on a workpiece, it is possible to carry out a plurality of planing with a single cutting tool and easily change the tool to be used. The work can be simplified.
Since the plurality of cutting tools are separately arranged on a plurality of planes orthogonal to the central axis, the mounting portions of the cutting tools can be arranged at positions shifted from each other in the central axis direction. The outer diameter dimension in the direction orthogonal to can be reduced. For example, when a cutting tool is inserted into a through-hole for cutting, the cutting tool can be inserted into a relatively small through-hole, so that the target range of a workable material can be expanded.

The front view which shows the cutting apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment used as the premise of this invention. The front view which shows the cutting tool of the said cutting apparatus. The cross-sectional view seen from the upper side which shows the said cutting tool. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the cutting method using the said cutting tool. (A)-(D) are the cross-sectional views seen from each upper direction which show the cutting method using the 1st byte-the 4th bit of the said cutting tool. The front view which shows the cutting tool which concerns on 2nd Embodiment which is embodiment of this invention. (A), (B) is a cross-sectional view which shows an example of the groove part and protrusion part which are formed with the said cutting device. (A), (B) is a cross-sectional view which shows the other example of the groove part and protrusion part which are formed with the said cutting device.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 is not included in the present invention, but is a premise technique of the present invention. In the description of the second embodiment of the present invention, the first embodiment is different from the first embodiment. An explanation will be given based on the difference.
In the second and later embodiments described later, the same reference numerals are given to the same components and the same members as the components in the first embodiment described below, and the description will be simplified or omitted. .

[First Embodiment]
<Configuration of cutting device>
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a cutting apparatus that is not included in the present invention but is a premise of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the cutting device is a processing device controlled by a control device 20 such as an NC device, and is provided on the base 1 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction). The table 2 on which the workpiece (workpiece) W is placed on the upper surface, a pair of columns 3 and 4 erected on both sides of the base 1, and a cross spanned between the upper portions of the columns 3 and 4 A rail 5, a saddle 6 provided so as to be movable in the left-right direction (X-axis direction) along the cross rail 5, and a ram 7 provided on the saddle 6 so as to be vertically movable (Z-axis direction). A spindle head (rotary movement mechanism) 9 provided at the lower end of the ram 7 and rotatably supporting the spindle 8 is provided.
The cutting device is used to form a predetermined groove portion by planing a work surface Wa of a workpiece W with a cutting tool 10 detachably attached to a main shaft 8. The X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are orthogonal to each other.

The base 1 is provided with a Y-axis moving mechanism 21 that moves the table 2 in the Y-axis direction, and the cross rail 5 is provided with an X-axis moving mechanism 51 that moves the saddle 6 in the X-axis direction. Is provided with a Z-axis moving mechanism 61 for moving the ram 7 in the Z-axis direction. A three-dimensional relative movement mechanism that relatively moves the table 2 (workpiece W) and the spindle head 9 (cutting tool 10) in the three-dimensional direction from the X-axis movement mechanism 51, the Y-axis movement mechanism 21, and the Z-axis movement mechanism 61. Is configured.
Further, the base 1 is provided with a tool stand 40 for exchanging the cutting tool 10 with a spare cutting tool 30 or a cutting tool having a differently shaped cutting tool, and an X-axis moving mechanism 51 and a Z-axis moving mechanism. The main shaft 8 is moved closer to the tool stand 40 by 61 so that, for example, the cutting tool 10 in use and the cutting tool 30 of the tool stand 40 can be easily exchanged.

The spindle head 9 positions the spindle 8 around a rotation axis C1 parallel to the Z-axis direction, and constitutes a rotational movement mechanism of the present invention in a second embodiment to be described later. As the main shaft 8 rotates, each cutting tool, which will be described later, provided on the cutting tool 10 moves to a position facing the processing surface Wa. The spindle head 9 incorporates a servo motor (not shown) that drives the spindle 8 to rotate. The servo mechanism of the servo motor causes the spindle head 9 to place the cutting tool 10 at an arbitrary rotational position around the rotation axis C1. It can be positioned.
The control device 20 constitutes control means for controlling the spindle head 9, the X-axis moving mechanism 51, the Y-axis moving mechanism 21, and the Z-axis moving mechanism 61.

<Configuration of cutting tool>
2 and 3 are a front view showing the cutting tool 10 and a cross-sectional view seen from above.
As shown in FIG. 2, the cutting tool 10 is fixed to the main shaft 8 (see FIG. 1) and has a tool body 11 having a center axis P that coincides with the rotation axis C1 and a center of 90 degrees around the center axis P. It is configured to include four cutting tools 12 arranged radially at corners and a taper shank 13 formed at the base end of the tool body 11. The four cutting tools 12 are composed of a first cutting tool 12A, a second cutting tool 12B, a third cutting tool 12C, and a fourth cutting tool 12D. The four cutting tools 12 are arranged on one plane orthogonal to the central axis P, and the tip of the tool body 11 (see FIG. It is fixed to the outer periphery of the middle and lower ends.

  The tool body 11 is formed in a columnar shape, and has four tool attachment holes 111 formed at the tip of the column as shown in FIG. Four cutting tools 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D are fitted into these cutting tool mounting holes 111, and the cutting tools 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D are bolted from below the tool body 11. Moreover, the 1st flange 112 (FIG. 2) is formed in the cylindrical base end of the tool main body 11, and the 1st flange 112 is utilized when the cutting tool 10 is mounted in the tool stand 40 (FIG. 1). Is done.

  The tapered shank 13 includes a locking portion 131 that is locked to the main shaft 8, a tapered portion 132, and a second flange 133. The second flange 133 is used for positioning of the cutting tool 10 in the direction of the central axis P in a state where the locking portion 131 and the tapered portion 132 are inserted into the main shaft 8 (see FIG. 4).

  As shown in FIG. 3, the first cutting tool 12A to the fourth cutting tool 12D respectively include prismatic cutting tool bodies 121A to 121D extending in a radial direction from the central axis P of the tool body 11, and the cutting tool bodies 121A to 121D. These base ends are fitted into the tool mounting holes 111 of the tool body 11 and bolted. In addition, diamond tips (blade edges) 122A to 122D are integrally attached to the tips of the bite bodies 121A to 121D. That is, the first byte 12A to the fourth byte 12D respectively have a first chip 122A, a second chip 122B, a third chip 122C, and a fourth chip 122D having different shapes.

The first bit 12A is a square bit having a square columnar tip 122A, and is used when the workpiece W is cut off to form a square groove. The quadrangular columnar chip 122A is arranged along the width direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the bite body 121A.
The second cutting tool 12 </ b> B is an arc cutting tool having a tip 122 </ b> B whose edge is formed in an arc shape, and is an arc cutting tool used when forming an arc groove in the workpiece W. The chip 122B having the arc-shaped end edge is arranged so that the arc-shaped end edge faces outward along the width direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the cutting tool body 121B.

The third cutting tool 12C is a right-hand tool that has a quadrangular columnar tip 122C and is used when cutting the inner surface on the right side of the groove. The quadrangular columnar chip 122C is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the bite body 121C.
The fourth cutting tool 12D is a left-hand tool that has a quadrangular columnar tip 122D and is used when the left inner surface of the groove is cut. The quadrangular columnar chip 122D is disposed on the opposite side of the chip 122C of the third cutting tool 12C along the longitudinal direction of the cutting tool body 121D.

  When cutting the groove on the workpiece W, the first cutting tool 12A is used as a roughing tool for roughing the workpiece W. In addition, the second cutting tool 12B, the third cutting tool 12C, and the fourth cutting tool 12D are used as finishing tools for finishing the workpiece W.

[Cutting method]
A cutting method for planing the workpiece W using the cutting apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, using a workpiece W having a circular hole Wb that passes therethrough, the inner surface of the circular hole Wb is used as a processing surface Wa, and a spline groove (groove portion) is formed on the processing surface Wa. ) An example of forming Wc will be described.
4 and 5 are a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a cutting method using the cutting tool 10 and a transverse sectional view as seen from above.

  The cutting process includes a support procedure S1 for supporting the cutting tool 10 on the spindle 8, a first machining procedure S2 for performing a planing process using the first cutting tool 12A, and a planing process using the second tool 12B. Performed by a second machining procedure S3 to be performed, a third machining procedure S4 for performing a planing process using the third cutting tool 12C, and a fourth machining procedure S5 for performing a planing process using the fourth cutting tool 12D. Is done.

  In the present embodiment, since the workpiece W is placed on the table 2 so that the central axis of the circular hole Wb of the workpiece W is parallel to the rotation axis C1 of the spindle 8, the cutting tool 10 is moved to the spindle in the support procedure S1. If it attaches to 8, the to-be-processed surface Wa and the central axis P of the cutting tool 10 will become parallel.

Hereinafter, the first processing procedure S2 will be described in detail.
In the first machining procedure S2, first, in the tool movement procedure S21, the cutting tool 10 is moved from the initial position by the three-dimensional relative movement mechanism (X-axis movement mechanism 51, Y-axis movement mechanism 21, Z-axis movement mechanism 61). The machining surface Wa is moved to the machining start position.
Next, in the tool positioning procedure S22, the cutting tool 10 is rotated around the central axis P by the spindle head 9 so that the tip 122A of the first tool 12A faces the work surface Wa, and the first tool 12A is moved. Position.
Then, in the cutting amount adjustment procedure S23, the cutting tool 10 is moved by the three-dimensional relative movement mechanism to adjust the cutting amount with respect to the processing surface Wa of the tip 122A of the first cutting tool 12A.
Next, in the planing process S24, the cutting tool 10 is moved in the direction of the rotation axis C1 by the Z-axis moving mechanism 61, and the surface Wa is machined (see FIG. 4). Here, when the first bit is moved from the upper part to the lower part along the work surface Wa, the work surface Wa is planed. As shown in FIG. 5A, when the width dimension of the spline groove Wc to be cut is larger than the width dimension of the tip 122A, the planing step S24 is repeatedly performed until a predetermined groove width is obtained. That's fine.
Finally, in the evacuation procedure S25, the first cutting tool 12A is evacuated from the workpiece surface Wa, the first machining procedure S2 is completed, the workpiece surface Wa is roughly processed, and a square groove is formed.

The second machining procedure S3 to the fourth machining procedure S5 are performed in the same procedure as the first machining procedure S2 except that the cutting tools 12B to 12D to be used are different.
In the second machining procedure S3, the groove bottom of the square groove is cut into an arc shape by the second bit 12B, which is an arc bit (see FIG. 5B), and an arc groove is formed on the work surface Wa. Is done. As described above, in the second processing procedure S3, the finishing of the groove bottom of the spline groove Wc is performed.
In the third machining procedure S4 and the fourth machining procedure S5, the left and right inner surfaces of the arc groove are finished by the third cutting tool 12C as the right side tool and the fourth cutting tool 12D as the left tool (see FIG. 5 (C), FIG. 5 (D)).

  Through the above steps S1 to S5, the surface Wa is machined using the four bytes from the first bit 12A to the fourth bit 12D in a predetermined order, and the spline groove Wc is formed. That is, after the spline groove is roughly machined using the first cutting tool 12A, which is a roughing tool, the second cutting tool 12B to the fourth tool 12D, which are finishing tools, are sequentially used to finish the spline groove Wc. Is done. An example of the spline groove Wc cut in this way is shown in FIG.

[Effects of this embodiment]
According to this embodiment, the following effects can be achieved.
(1) Since the cutting tool 10 includes four cutting tools 12A to 12D and the shapes of the chips 122A to 122D of the cutting tools 10 are different from each other, the first processing procedure S2 to the fifth processing using the four cutting tools 12A to 12D. If the procedure S5 is combined, the spline groove Wc having a predetermined shape can be formed with one cutting tool 10.

(2) By simply rotating the cutting tool 10 about the central axis P (rotation axis C1) by the spindle head 9, the cutting tool to be used can be easily selected and changed from the four cutting tools 12A to 12D. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the machining operation, and for example, it is possible to save the trouble of exchanging the cutting tool 10, so that the machining time is shortened and the work efficiency can be improved.

(3) Since the four cutting tools 12A to 12D are arranged on the same plane, the time for positioning the cutting tools 12A to 12D in the direction of the central axis P of the tool body 11 when changing the cutting tool to be used. Can be shortened, and the machining operation can be further simplified.

(4) The chips 122A to 122D of the cutting tools 12A to 12D are appropriately moved with respect to the work surface Wa by the three-dimensional relative movement mechanism (X-axis movement mechanism 51, Y-axis movement mechanism 21, Z-axis movement mechanism 61). The cutting amount of the cutting tool to be used can be adjusted to be a predetermined amount. Further, the workpiece W can be planed by moving the chips 122A to 122D relative to each other along the processing surface Wa.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the cutting tool which concerns on 2nd Embodiment which is embodiment of this invention is demonstrated based on FIG. In the present embodiment, the arrangement of the cutting tools in the cutting tool is changed based on the configuration of the first embodiment described above.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing the cutting tool 10A of the present embodiment. The cutting tool 10A is different from the cutting tool 10 of the first embodiment described above in the arrangement configuration of the four cutting tools 12A to 12D, and the other configurations are substantially the same. That is, the cutting tool 10 </ b> A includes a tool main body 11 </ b> A, four cutting tools 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D, and a taper shank 13.

  The four cutting tools 12A to 12D are arranged on one plane orthogonal to the central axis P in the above embodiment. However, in the present embodiment, the four cutting tools 12A to 12D are orthogonal to the central axis P. They are arranged on a plurality of planes. That is, the tool main body 11A is formed with flanges 113A to 113D for fixing tools at different height positions along the central axis P, and four tools 12A to 12D are provided for each of the flanges 113A to 113D. It is arranged radially around the central axis P with a central angle of 90 degrees.

According to the present embodiment as described above, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects substantially the same as those described above.
(5) Since the four cutting tools 12A to 12D are separately arranged on a plurality of planes orthogonal to the central axis P, the mounting portions of the cutting tools 12A to 12D are also arranged at positions shifted from each other in the central axis direction. The outer diameter dimension in the direction orthogonal to the central axis P of the tool body 11A can be reduced. For example, when the cutting tool 10A is inserted into the through hole for cutting, the cutting tool 10A can be inserted into a relatively small through hole, so that the target range of the work W that can be cut can be expanded.

[Modification of the present invention]
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications, improvements, and the like within the scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
For example, the groove formed on the surface to be processed using the cutting tool of the present invention may be a serration groove We shown in FIG. Moreover, the cutting tool of this invention can be utilized not only when forming these groove parts but also when forming the protrusion parts shown in FIGS. 7B and 8B. Examples of the protrusion include the spline Wd of the spline shaft in FIG. 7B and the serration Wf of the serration shaft in FIG. 8B. The spline shaft and the serration shaft are used when transmitting a relatively large torque, and are used when the boss is fixed to the shaft. The groove portion may be a key groove, a double key groove, an outer diameter groove, or the like.

  Further, the spindle head for positioning the cutting tool in the rotation direction around the rotation axis C1 has been described as the rotational movement mechanism. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the table is rotated around the rotation axis C2 (see FIG. 1) parallel to the Z axis. A table rotation moving mechanism (not shown) for positioning in the direction may be used. By rotating the table around the rotation axis C2, the cutting edge of the cutting tool to be used can be made to face the workpiece in a predetermined order. In other words, the cutting device as a modified example has a tool support portion that supports the cutting tool so that the center axis and the work surface of the workpiece are parallel, and the tool support portion and the table are relatively moved in a three-dimensional direction. A possible three-dimensional relative movement mechanism and a table rotation movement mechanism are included.

  Further, in the cutting tool, four cutting tools are evenly arranged radially with a central angle of 90 degrees around the central axis P. However, the cutting tool is not limited to the central angle of 90 degrees. Each byte may be arranged at a central angle of 120 degrees.

  The Y-axis moving mechanism moves the table in the Y-axis direction, the X-axis moving mechanism moves the saddle in the X-axis direction, and the Z-axis moving mechanism moves the spindle head in the Z-axis direction. The Y-axis moving mechanism may move the cutting tool in the Y-axis direction, the X-axis moving mechanism may move the table in the X-axis direction, or the Z-axis moving mechanism may move the table in the Z-axis direction. . That is, the X-axis movement mechanism, the Y-axis movement mechanism, and the Z-axis movement mechanism may be any mechanism that relatively moves the table and the cutting tool in the three-dimensional direction.

  In addition, although the case of four bytes has been described as the plurality of bytes, the number of bytes may be any number as long as it is a plurality.

  In the embodiment, the saddle is provided so as to be movable in the X-axis direction by the X-axis moving mechanism. However, the saddle may be provided so as to be swingable around the Y-axis. That is, the main shaft may have a tilted main shaft that swings around the Y axis.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used in a cutting tool, a cutting apparatus, and a cutting method that form a predetermined groove or protrusion by planing a workpiece.

2 ... Table 9 ... Spindle head (rotation mechanism)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10A ... Cutting tool 11A ... Tool main body 12 ... Multiple bytes 12A ... First byte 12B ... Second byte 12C ... Third byte 12D ... Fourth byte 21 ... Y-axis moving mechanism 51 ... X-axis moving mechanism 61 ... Z-axis moving Mechanism 122A, 122B, 122C, 122D ... Tip (blade edge)
C1 ... Spindle rotation axis C2 ... Table rotation axis P ... Cutting tool center axis W ... Workpiece (workpiece)
Wa ... Work surface Wc ... Spline groove (groove)
Wd ... Spline (projection)
We ... serration groove (groove)
Wf: Serration (projection).

Claims (4)

A tool main body having a central axis, and a plurality of cutting tools radially arranged around the central axis and fixed to the tool main body, and a predetermined groove or protrusion is formed by planing a workpiece. A cutting tool for forming a part,
The plurality of cutting tools have cutting edges different from each other, and are arranged on a plurality of planes orthogonal to the central axis, respectively.
The tool body is positioned in a rotational direction about the central axis in order to make the cutting edges face the workpiece in a predetermined order;
The cutting edge facing the workpiece is moved along the central axis while being cut into the workpiece, and the workpiece is planed in parallel with the central axis. Cutting tool that features. A cutting apparatus comprising the cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece is planed to form a predetermined groove or protrusion,
A table for placing the workpiece;
A rotational movement mechanism that supports the cutting tool such that the central axis and a work surface of the workpiece are parallel, and positions the cutting tool in a rotational direction around the central axis;
An X-axis movement mechanism for relatively moving the table and the rotary movement mechanism in the X-axis direction;
A Y-axis movement mechanism that relatively moves the table and the rotary movement mechanism in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis;
A Z-axis moving mechanism that relatively moves the table and the rotational movement mechanism in a Z-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis and the Y-axis,
Each cutting edge is opposed to the processing surface in a predetermined order and is relatively moved in the central axis direction with respect to the processing surface in a state of being cut into the processing surface, and the processing surface A cutting device characterized by flat-cutting. A cutting apparatus comprising the cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece is planed to form a predetermined groove or protrusion,
A table for placing the workpiece;
A tool support that supports the cutting tool such that the central axis and a work surface of the work piece are parallel to each other;
An X-axis movement mechanism for relatively moving the table and the tool support in the X-axis direction;
A Y-axis moving mechanism for relatively moving the table and the tool support in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis;
A Z-axis movement mechanism that relatively moves the table and the tool support in the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis and the Y-axis;
A rotary movement mechanism that rotatably supports the table around a rotation axis parallel to the central axis and positions the table in a rotation direction around the rotation axis,
Each cutting edge is opposed to the processing surface in a predetermined order and is relatively moved in the central axis direction with respect to the processing surface in a state of being cut into the processing surface, and the processing surface A cutting device characterized by flat-cutting. It is a cutting method for forming a predetermined groove or protrusion by plane machining a workpiece,
A tool main body having a parallel central axis, and a plurality of planes that are radially arranged around the central axis and fixed to the tool main body, have cutting edges of different shapes, and are orthogonal to the central axis. Using a cutting tool with a plurality of arranged tools,
Supporting the cutting tool so that the center axis and the work surface of the work piece are parallel,
In order to make the respective cutting edges face the work surface in a predetermined order, the cutting tool is positioned in a rotation direction around the central axis, or the work piece is moved around a rotation axis parallel to the central axis. Positioning in the direction of rotation,
With the cutting edge facing the work surface being cut into the work surface, the work surface is plane-cut by moving relative to the work surface in the central axis direction. A cutting method characterized by the above.

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