JP2012161904A - Composite tool, machining method, and machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive composite tool with which hole machining, spot facing and chamfering can be continuously performed by one tool without replacing tools, to provide a machining method, and to provide a machine tool.SOLUTION: The composite tool includes: a tool body 41 which includes an attachment part 42 that is formed on one axial end side of the tool body and can be inserted in a main shaft of a machine tool and a blade part attachment part 44 formed on the another axial end side; a first blade part 51 attached to a side opposite to the attachment part 42 in the blade part attachment part of the tool body; and a second blade part 52 attached to the attachment part side in the blade part attachment part of the tool body. A dimension from the axial line to an end part of the second blade part is smaller than the dimension from the axis line to an end part of the first blade part.

Description

  The present invention relates to a composite tool capable of performing drilling, counterboring, and chamfering with a single tool, a machining method using the composite tool, and a machine tool.

In machining a workpiece, after machining a pilot hole penetrating the front and back surfaces of the workpiece, or after finishing the inner surface of a previously formed pilot hole, a back spot machining may be performed on the back surface of the pilot hole. . In such a case, first, a pilot hole is processed with an end mill tool or the like (including inner surface finishing of the pilot hole), and then a countersink is formed around the back side of the pilot hole.
Conventionally, a back spot cutting tool disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known as a back spot facing tool. The shaft has a mounting portion for a machine tool on the base end side, and is supported at the tip end side of the shaft so as to be rotatable, and is retracted into a storage position that falls along the shaft and a protruding position that stands up with respect to the shaft. A cutting tool, a spring for raising the cutting tool and biasing it to the protruding position, a window having a side surface and slidably mounted on the shaft, and switching the cutting tool between the protruding position and the storage position according to the sliding position. It is the structure provided with a guide sleeve.

  In back spot machining, a pilot hole penetrating the front and back surfaces of the workpiece is processed in advance, and a shaft attached to the spindle of the machine tool is inserted into the pilot hole so that the tip of the shaft protrudes from the back surface side of the workpiece. In this state, if the guide sleeve is slid, the cutting tool will stand at the protruding position where it stands up against the shaft by the spring. If the shaft or workpiece is rotated in this state, the countersink will be machined around the back of the pilot hole. Is given.

JP2011-675A

However, the counterbore cutting tool described in Patent Document 1 supports a blade in a rotatable manner on a shaft, and incorporates a spring that urges the blade to stand up in the shaft, and guides it outside the shaft. Since the sleeve is slidably mounted, the structure is complicated and the cost is increased.
In addition, in countersinking, it is necessary to drill a pilot hole in advance with an end mill tool, etc., and it is also necessary to change the tool from the end mill tool to the back countersink cutting tool. Is bad.

  The object of the present invention is to solve such problems, is inexpensive, and is a composite tool capable of continuously performing drilling, counterboring, and chamfering with a single tool without changing tools, It is in providing a processing method and a machine tool.

  The composite tool of the present invention includes a mounting portion that is formed on one end side in the axial direction and can be inserted into a tool mounting portion of a machine tool, and a blade portion mounting portion that is formed on the other end side in the axial direction. In the tool body, the blade attachment portion of the tool body, the first blade portion attached to the opposite side of the attachment portion, and the blade attachment portion of the tool body, attached to the attachment portion side. And a second blade part, wherein the dimension from the axis to the tip of the second blade part is smaller than the dimension from the axis to the tip of the first blade part.

According to such a configuration, when one of the composite tool and the workpiece is rotated and the composite tool and the workpiece are relatively moved in the axial direction parallel to the rotation axis, the first blade portion of the composite tool covers the workpiece. A prepared hole is processed in the workpiece, or an inner surface of a previously formed prepared hole is processed. At this time, since the dimension from the axis to the tip of the second blade is smaller than the dimension from the axis to the tip of the first blade, the second blade contacts the pilot hole machined by the first blade. There is nothing to do. Therefore, it is possible to process the prepared hole without any trouble.
Next, in a state in which the second blade portion of the composite tool is protruded from the back surface of the prepared workpiece, the composite tool and the work piece are rotated, and the composite tool and the work piece are rotated. When the relative movement is performed in the axial direction parallel to the axis and in the axial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, the counterbore or chamfering can be performed on the back surface of the workpiece by the second blade portion of the composite tool.
Further, in a state where the first blade portion of the composite tool is protruded from the surface of the workpiece that has been drilled, one of the composite tool and the work is rotated, and the composite tool and the work are connected to the rotation axis. When the relative movement is performed in the parallel axial direction and the axial direction orthogonal to the rotation axis, the face facing or chamfering can be performed on the surface of the workpiece by the first blade portion of the composite tool.
Accordingly, since the front and back spot facing and the chamfering can be continuously performed by one tool without exchanging the tool, the working efficiency can be improved. In addition, in the blade mounting portion of the tool body, the first blade portion can be configured only on the side opposite to the mounting portion, and the second blade portion can be mounted on the mounting portion side.

  In the composite tool of the present invention, the tool body includes the mounting portion, an extension shaft having the mounting portion at the base end, and the blade portion mounting portion provided at the distal end of the extension shaft. The blade portion mounting portion is formed in a trapezoidal shape with the widthwise dimension gradually narrowing toward the mounting portion when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the axial direction, and at the corner portion of the trapezoidal shape. It is preferable that the first blade portion and the second blade portion are attached.

  According to such a configuration, the tool body is configured to include the mounting portion, the extension shaft, and the blade portion mounting portion, and the blade portion mounting portion gradually measures in the width direction as both ends in the width direction face the mounting portion. Is formed in a trapezoidal shape with a narrowed shape, and the first blade portion and the second blade portion are attached to the corner portion of the trapezoidal shape. Both end surfaces in the width direction of the mounting portion do not interfere with the prepared hole. Therefore, it is possible to perform the pilot hole processing without hindrance.

The composite tool of this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that the said 1st blade part and the said 2nd blade part are arrange | positioned along the line orthogonal to the said axis line.
According to such a structure, since the 1st blade part and the 2nd blade part are arrange | positioned on the line orthogonal to the axis line of a composite tool, the surface state processed without chattering etc. at the time of cutting Can be finished well.

In the composite tool of the present invention, the blade attachment portion of the tool body includes a third blade attached to the opposite side of the mounting portion, and the third blade is in relation to the first blade. It is preferable that the projection extends in the axial direction, and that the dimension from the axis to the tip of the third blade is smaller than the dimension from the axis to the tip of the first blade.
According to such a configuration, since the third blade portion is attached to the first blade portion so as to protrude in the axial direction, it is possible to perform face spot machining or chamfering on the surface of the workpiece. it can. Therefore, since only the hole processing is required for the first blade portion, high-precision processing can be expected by using a blade portion suitable for each processing.

The machining method of the present invention is a machining method for machining a workpiece using the above-described composite tool, wherein one of the composite tool and the workpiece is rotated about a rotation axis, and the composite tool and the workpiece are processed. A hole machining step of machining a prepared hole in the workpiece by the first blade portion of the composite tool while relatively moving the workpiece in an axial direction parallel to the rotation axis, and the workpiece processed in the prepared hole In a state where the second blade portion of the composite tool protrudes from the back surface, one of the composite tool and the workpiece is rotated, and the composite tool and the workpiece are moved in an axial direction parallel to the rotation axis and the workpiece. A countersinking step of processing a counterbore hole on the back surface of the workpiece by the second blade portion of the composite tool while relatively moving in an axial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. You .
According to such a configuration, it is possible to continuously process the pilot hole machining to the back spot machining with one composite tool without changing the tool, so that the work efficiency can be improved.

In the processing method of the present invention, in a state where the first blade portion of the composite tool is protruded from the surface of the workpiece processed the prepared hole, one of the composite tool and the workpiece is rotated, and While the composite tool and the workpiece are relatively moved in an axial direction parallel to the rotation axis and in an axial direction orthogonal to the rotation axis, the first tool portion of the composite tool is seated on the surface of the workpiece. It is preferable to include a face spot machining step for machining a counterbore.
According to such a configuration, since a single composite tool can be continuously processed from the prepared hole drilling to the back spot facing and the front spot facing without changing the tool, work efficiency can be improved. Can do.

In the processing method of the present invention, in the state where the second blade portion or the first blade portion of the composite tool is in contact with the corner portion of the prepared hole and the back counterbore or the front counterbore, the composite tool and While rotating one of the workpieces and relatively moving the composite tool and the workpiece in an axial direction parallel to the rotational axis and an axial direction perpendicular to the rotational axis, the second of the composite tool It is preferable to include a chamfering process in which the corner portion is chamfered by the blade portion or the first blade portion.
According to such a configuration, one composite tool can perform chamfering between the prepared hole and the counterbore, and the chamfering between the prepared hole and the counterbore, without performing tool replacement. Since it can process continuously, work efficiency can be improved dramatically.

  A machine tool according to the present invention includes a table on which a workpiece is placed, a main shaft, a rotation drive mechanism that rotationally drives at least one of the table and the main shaft, and the table and the main shaft as rotation axes of the rotation drive mechanism. A machine tool body provided with a linear drive mechanism that relatively moves in a parallel axial direction and an axial direction orthogonal to the rotation axis; a control device that drives and controls the rotation drive mechanism and the linear drive mechanism according to a machining program; And a composite tool mounted on a main shaft, wherein the composite tool uses any of the composite tools described above.

  According to such a configuration, when the rotation drive mechanism and the linear drive mechanism are driven and controlled by the control device, the prepared tool mounted on the main shaft is used to process the prepared hole and front and back counterbore, front and back surfaces of the workpiece. Chamfering can be performed continuously. Therefore, more efficient processing can be realized.

1 is a perspective view showing a machine tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The perspective view which shows the composite tool used in the said embodiment. The partial front view which shows the composite tool used in the said embodiment. The figure which shows the example processed using the composite tool of the said embodiment. The figure which shows the other example processed using the composite tool of the said embodiment. The perspective view which shows the composite tool used in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The partial front view which shows the composite tool used in the said embodiment. The top view which shows the composite tool used in the said embodiment. The figure at the time of carrying out a pilot hole process using the composite tool of the said embodiment. The figure at the time of a counterbore and a chamfering process using the composite tool of the said embodiment. The figure at the time of surface spot facing and chamfering using the composite tool of the embodiment. The front view which shows the composite tool used in 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the example processed using the composite tool of the said embodiment. The figure which shows the other example of the composite tool of this invention.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a machine tool of the present invention. The machine tool includes a machine tool body 10, a control device 30 that drives and controls the machine tool body 10 according to a machining program, and a composite tool 40 that is attached to the machine tool body 10 and processes a workpiece as a workpiece. .

<Description of machine tool body>
The machine tool body 10 includes a base 11, an X table 12A provided on the upper surface of the base 11 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction (X-axis direction), and an axis (C axis) perpendicular to the upper surface of the X table 12A. A rotary table 12B that is rotatably provided at the center and places a workpiece as a workpiece on the upper surface, a pair of columns 13A and 13B that are erected on both sides of the base 11, and an upper portion between the columns 13A and 13B. A cross rail 14 that is stretched over, a saddle 15 that is movable along the cross rail 14 in the left-right direction (Y-axis direction), and the saddle 15 can be moved up and down in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). A portal machine tool including a ram 16 provided, a main shaft 17 as a tool mounting portion rotatably accommodated in the ram 16, and a rotation drive source (not shown) for rotating the main shaft 17. It is configured me. A composite tool 40 is attached to the tip of the main shaft 17 by an automatic tool changer or manually.

The base 11 has an X-axis linear drive mechanism (not shown) that moves the X table 12A in the X-axis direction, and the X table 12A has a rotation table 12B that rotates around the C-axis (axis parallel to the Z-axis). A drive mechanism (not shown) is provided. The cross rail 14 is provided with a Y-axis linear drive mechanism 22 that moves the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction, and the saddle 15 is provided with a Z-axis linear drive mechanism 23 that moves the ram 16 in the Z-axis direction. .
Accordingly, the workpiece placed on the rotary table 12B has a structure that can be rotated and moved in the X-axis direction, and for the composite tool 40 attached to the main shaft 17, the rotation, the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis It is structured to be movable in the direction.

<Description of control device>
The control device 30 controls the drive of the machine tool body 10 manually or according to a preset program. Specifically, the control device 30 controls the X-axis linear drive mechanism of the X table 12A and the rotary drive mechanism of the rotary table 12B. The Y-axis linear drive mechanism 22 of the saddle 15, the Z-axis linear drive mechanism 23 of the ram 16, and the rotational drive source of the main shaft 17 are driven and controlled according to a preset machining program.

<Description of composite tool>
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the composite tool 40, and FIG. 3 is a partial front view of the composite tool 40.
The composite tool 40 includes a tool main body 41 and a first blade portion 51 and a second blade portion 52 that are attached to the tool main body 41.
The tool body 41 includes an attachment portion 42 formed on one end side in the axial direction, an extension shaft 43 having the attachment portion 42 at the base end and extending in the axial direction, and a distal end of the extension shaft 43 (the other end side in the axial direction). ) And the blade portion mounting portion 44 provided in the above.

The mounting portion 42 is formed in a taper shank so that it can be inserted into the tool mounting portion of the machine tool, that is, the main shaft 17.
The extension shaft 43 is formed of a rod-like or cylindrical material and has a length dimension that can correspond to the depth of the hole to be processed.
The blade attachment portion 44 is formed on the other end side in the axial direction, and has a shape having an outer dimension larger than the dimension in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the mounting portion 42. In other words, when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the axial direction, the width dimension is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which the width dimension is gradually narrowed toward the mounting portion 42, and the depth dimension is formed with a constant thickness. Specifically, a trapezoidal front surface 44A, a rear surface 44B, left and right side surfaces 44C and 44D, a top surface 44E, and a bottom surface 44F are formed in a trapezoidal box shape. It is formed in the recess.

The first blade portion 51 is a diamond-shaped blade, and is attached to the opposite side of the mounting portion 42 in the blade portion attachment portion 44 of the tool body 41. In the present embodiment, the blade tip protrudes from the bottom surface 44F and the side surfaces 44C, 44D of the blade mounting portion 44 at the right corner of the bottom surface 44F side corners on the front surface 44A and the back surface 44B of the blade mounting portion 44. It is attached with bolts.
The second blade portion 52 is a diamond-shaped blade, and is attached to the mounting portion 42 side in the blade portion attachment portion 44 of the tool body 41. In the present embodiment, the blade tip protrudes from the upper surface 44E and the side surfaces 44C and 44D of the blade mounting portion 44 at the right corner of the upper surface 44E side corners on the front surface 44A and the back surface 44B of the blade mounting portion 44. It is attached with bolts.
Here, the dimension L2 from the axis (rotation axis) of the tool body 41 to the tip of the second blade 52 is smaller than the dimension L1 from the axis (rotation axis) of the tool body 41 to the tip of the first blade 51. It is formed with small dimensions.

<Description of processing method>
FIG. 4 shows a back counterbore hole along the periphery of the lower hole H1 on the back surface of the wall part W1 after the lower holes H1 and H2 are continuously machined (hole drilling process) in the wall parts W1 and W2 of the workpiece W. This is an example of processing Z1 (back spot facing processing step).
In the hole drilling process, the spindle 17 is rotated after the spindle 17 is positioned at the machining position of the workpiece W by rotating the rotary table 12B and moving the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction. In this state, the ram 16 is lowered. Then, the first holes 51 of the composite tool 40 continuously process the prepared holes H1 and H2 in the wall portions W1 and W2 of the workpiece W.

  In this pilot hole machining, the tool body 41 is configured to include a mounting portion 42, an extension shaft 43, and a blade portion mounting portion 44, and the blade portion mounting portion 44 is configured such that both end sides in the width direction face the mounting portion 42. Since the first blade portion 51 and the second blade portion 52 are attached to the corners of the trapezoidal shape, the pilot blade is formed in the workpiece W by the first blade portion 51. When machining, both side surfaces 44C and 44D in the width direction of the blade portion mounting portion 44 and the second blade portion 52 do not interfere with the pilot holes H1 and H2 of the workpiece W. Therefore, it is possible to perform the pilot hole processing without hindrance.

  In the back spot machining process, the ram 16 is raised, and the second blade part 52 of the composite tool 40 is protruded from the back surface of the wall part W1 of the work W that has been drilled. By the movement, the second blade portion 52 of the composite tool 40 is moved to the spot facing position. The spindle 17 is rotated from this position, and the circular interpolation operation of the X-Y axes, that is, the movement of the X table 12A in the X-axis direction and the movement of the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction are controlled. The movement of the ram 16 in the Z-axis direction is controlled while moving the second blade portion 52 in a circular motion. That is, the second blade portion 52 of the composite tool 40 is spirally moved around the pilot hole H1. Then, a back counterbore Z1 is formed around the back surface of the pilot hole H1.

  Therefore, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to continuously perform the counterbore processing from the counterbore processing to the back-sinking by the single composite tool 40 without changing the tool, so that the work efficiency can be improved. Of course, it is possible to configure the blade body mounting portion 44 of the tool body 41 simply by mounting the first blade portion 51 on the opposite side of the mounting portion 42 and the second blade portion 52 on the mounting portion 42 side. It can be configured at low cost.

Furthermore, if the operation of the back face counter machining described above is applied, it is possible to perform a chamfering process of the processed part where the back face counter machining is completed.
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the chamfer C1 is formed at the corners of the back countersunk hole Z1 and the lower hole H1, the chamfer C11 is formed at the back side corner of the back countersunk hole Z1, and the second cutting edge of the composite tool 40. 52 can also be used. Similarly, the chamfering C12 can also be processed at the outer peripheral corner of the boss on the back surface side.

[Second Embodiment]
6 is a perspective view showing a composite tool 40A used in the second embodiment, FIG. 7 is a partial front view of the composite tool 40A, and FIG. 8 is a plan view of the composite tool 40A.
As shown in these drawings, the composite tool 40A of the second embodiment is different from the composite tool 40 of the first embodiment in the shape of the blade mounting portion 44. The blade portion attachment portion 44 is formed integrally with the lower end of the extension shaft 43, and has a cylindrical portion 44G having a larger diameter than that of the extension shaft 43. And a pair of projecting portions 44H projecting in the direction in which they are to be moved. Each protrusion 44H has a blade attachment surface 45 that is parallel to and opposite to an axis orthogonal to the axis of the tool body 41. The first blade 51 and the second blade are provided on the blade attachment surface 45. Part 52 is attached.

That is, the first blade portion 51 is attached to the blade portion attachment surface 45 with an adhesive or the like so that the blade edge portion protrudes from the bottom surface and the side surface of the blade portion attachment surface 45.
The second blade portion 52 is attached with an adhesive or the like so that the blade edge portion protrudes from the upper surface and the side surface of the blade portion attachment surface 45 on the blade portion attachment surface 45.
Here, the blade surfaces of the first blade portion 51 and the second blade portion 52 are arranged along a line orthogonal to the axis of the tool body 41 as shown in FIG. Similarly to the first embodiment, the dimension L2 from the axis of the tool body 41 to the tip of the second blade part 52 is smaller than the dimension L1 from the axis of the tool body 41 to the tip of the first blade part 51. Dimension is formed.

<Description of processing method>
9-11, after machining the pilot hole H3 in the wall part W3 of the workpiece W (drilling process), the back counterbore Z3 is machined along the periphery of the pilot hole H3 on the back surface of the wall part W3 ( (Back face counterboring process) and chamfering C3 at the corners of the back counterbore hole Z3 and the lower hole H3 (back face chamfering process), and then on the surface of the wall portion W3 along the periphery of the lower hole H3. This is an example of processing the front counterbore hole Z4 (front counterbore processing step) and processing the chamfering C4 (surface chamfering step) at the corners of the front counterbore hole Z4 and the lower hole H3.

  In the hole drilling process, as shown in FIG. 9, the spindle 17 is positioned at the machining position (wall portion W3) of the workpiece W by rotating the rotary table 12B and moving the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction, and then the spindle 17 is moved. Rotate. In this state, the ram 16 is lowered. Then, the pilot hole H3 is machined in the wall portion W3 of the workpiece W by the first blade portion 51 of the composite tool 40A.

As shown in FIG. 10 (A), in the back spot machining process and the back surface machining process, the ram 16 is raised and the second blade 52 of the composite tool 40A is drilled in the wall portion W3 of the workpiece W. In a state where it is in contact with the back surface, the second blade portion 52 of the composite tool 40 is moved to the spot facing position by the movement of the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction. From this position, the main shaft 17 is rotated, and the second blade portion 52 of the composite tool 40A is spirally moved around the pilot hole H3. That is, while circularly moving the second blade portion 52 of the composite tool 40A by performing circular interpolation operation of the XY axis (movement of the X table 12A in the X axis direction and movement control of the saddle 15 in the Y axis direction) The movement of the ram 16 in the Z-axis direction is controlled. Then, a back counterbore Z3 is formed around the back surface of the pilot hole H3.
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 10 (B), the second blade portion 52 of the composite tool 40A is positioned at the corner portion between the back spot facing Z3 and the lower hole H3, and the spindle 17 is rotated from this position, The second blade 52 of the composite tool 40A is conically spiraled around the pilot hole H3. That is, while controlling the movement of the X table 12A in the X-axis direction, the movement of the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction, and the movement of the ram 16 in the Z-axis direction, the second blade portion 52 of the composite tool 40A is spirally moved. Then, the back surface C3 is formed at the corner portion between the back counterbore hole Z3 and the lower hole H3.

In the face spot machining step and the chamfering step, as shown in FIG. 11 (A), the ram 16 is raised and the wall portion W3 of the workpiece W in which the first blade portion 51 of the composite tool 40A is drilled. In a state where the saddle 15 is in contact with the surface, the first blade portion 51 of the composite tool 40A is moved to the spot facing position by the movement of the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction. From this position, the spindle 17 is rotated, and the first blade portion 51 of the composite tool 40A is spirally moved around the pilot hole H3. That is, while controlling the movement of the X table 12A in the X-axis direction, the movement of the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction, and the movement of the ram 16 in the Z-axis direction, the first blade portion 51 of the composite tool 40A is spirally moved. As a result, a front counterbore Z4 is formed around the surface of the pilot hole H3.
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 11 (B), the first blade portion 51 of the composite tool 40A is positioned at the corner between the front counterbore Z4 and the lower hole H3, and the main shaft 17 is rotated from this position. Then, the second blade portion 51 of the composite tool 40A is conically spiraled around the lower hole H3. That is, while performing the circular interpolation operation of the XY axis (movement of the X table 12A in the X axis direction and movement control of the saddle 15 in the Y axis direction), the first blade portion 51 of the composite tool 40A is spirally moved. The movement of the ram 16 in the Z-axis direction is controlled. As a result, a back surface C4 is formed at the corner between the front counterbore hole Z4 and the lower hole H3.

Therefore, according to the second embodiment, a single composite tool 40A is used to continuously perform pilot hole machining, back spot machining and back surface machining, and front face machining and surface machining, without performing tool replacement. Since it can process, work efficiency can be improved.
In addition, in the composite tool 40A used in the second embodiment, since the first blade portion 51 and the second blade portion 52 are arranged on a line orthogonal to the axis of the composite tool 40A, chatter or the like occurs during cutting. The surface condition can be satisfactorily finished without being generated.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 12 is a partial front view showing the composite tool 40B used in the third embodiment.
As shown in this figure, the composite tool 40B of the third embodiment is the same as that of the pair of first blade parts 51 provided on the front surface 44A and the back surface 44B of the blade part attachment part 44 in the composite tool 40 of the first embodiment. One of them is omitted, and the third blade 53 is provided instead of the one.
The third blade portion 53 is attached to the first blade portion 51 so as to protrude in the axial direction by a dimension D, and the third blade portion 53 extends from the axis to the dimension L1 from the axis to the tip of the first blade portion 51. It is attached to a position where the dimension L2 up to the tip of the three blade portions is small.

<Description of processing method>
In FIG. 13, the front counterbore hole Z5 is processed in the wall portion W4 of the work W (front counterbore processing step), and then the inner surface of the lower hole H4 is processed (hole processing step), followed by the lower hole H4. The back countersink hole Z6 is processed along the circumference of the back side (back counterboring process). Next, a front counterbore hole Z7 is processed in the wall portion W5 of the workpiece W (front counterbore processing step), and then the inner surface of the lower hole H5 is processed (hole processing step). The back countersunk hole Z8 is machined along the periphery (back spot face machining step). Next, chamfering C5 is processed at the corners of the counterbore hole Z8 and the lower hole H5 (back surface chamfering process), and then the chamfering C6 is processed at the corners of the lower hole H5 and the front counterbore hole Z7. (Surface chamfering process). Finally, chamfering C7 is processed at the corners of the back counterbore hole Z6 and the lower hole H4 (back surface chamfering process), and then the chamfering C8 is processed at the corners of the lower hole H4 and the front counterbore hole Z5. This is an example of (surface chamfering process).

  In the face spot machining step, after the third blade part 53 of the composite tool 40B is moved to the position of the face spot hole Z5, the spindle 17 is rotated from this position, and the third blade part 53 of the composite tool 40B is rotated. Is spirally moved around the pilot hole H4. That is, while the circular interpolation movement of the XY axis (the movement of the X table 12A in the X-axis direction and the movement control of the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction) is performed to circularly move the third blade portion 53 of the composite tool 40B, The movement of the ram 16 in the Z-axis direction is controlled. Then, a front counterbore Z5 is formed around the surface of the pilot hole H4.

  In the drilling step, after the first blade portion 51 of the composite tool 40B is positioned at the position of the pilot hole H4, the spindle 17 is rotated and the ram 16 is lowered. Then, the pilot hole H4 is machined in the wall portion W4 of the workpiece W by the first blade portion 51 of the composite tool 40B.

  In the counterbore machining step, the second blade 52 of the composite tool 40B is inserted into the counterbore Z6 in a state where the second blade 52 of the composite tool 40A is in contact with the back surface of the wall portion W4 of the workpiece W that has been drilled. Move to position. From this position, the main shaft 17 is rotated, and the second blade portion 52 of the composite tool 40B is spirally moved around the lower hole H4. That is, while circularly moving the second blade portion 52 of the composite tool 40B by performing circular interpolation of the XY axes (movement of the X table 12A in the X-axis direction and movement control of the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction) The movement of the ram 16 in the Z-axis direction is controlled. Then, a back counterbore Z6 is formed around the surface of the lower hole H4.

  Thus, also for the wall portion W5 of the workpiece W, the front counterbore hole Z7 is processed (front counterbore processing step), and then the inner surface of the lower hole H5 is processed (hole processing step). Then, the back countersunk hole Z8 is processed along the periphery of the lower hole H5 (back spot facing processing step).

In the back chamfering process, the second blade 52 of the composite tool 40B is positioned at the corner between the back counterbore ZZ8 and the lower hole H5, and from this position, the spindle 17 is rotated, and the second of the composite tool 40B. The blade 52 is conically spiraled around the pilot hole H5. That is, while controlling the movement of the X table 12A in the X-axis direction, the movement of the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction, and the movement of the ram 16 in the Z-axis direction, the second blade portion 52 of the composite tool 40B is conically spiraled. . Then, the back surface C5 is formed at the corner portion between the back counterbore Z8 and the lower hole H5.
Similarly, the back surface chamfering C7 can be formed at the corner portion between the back counterbore hole Z6 and the lower hole H4.

In the chamfering process, the third blade portion 53 of the composite tool 40B is positioned at the corner portion of the front counterbore ZZ7 and the lower hole H5, and the spindle 17 is rotated from this position, and the third tool portion of the composite tool 40B is rotated. The blade portion 53 is conically spiraled around the pilot hole H5. That is, the third blade 53 of the composite tool 40B is conically spiral-moved while controlling the movement of the X table 12A in the X-axis direction, the movement of the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction, and the movement of the ram 16 in the Z-axis direction. . As a result, a back surface C6 is formed at the corner between the front counterbore hole Z7 and the lower hole H5.
In the same manner, the back surface chamfering C8 can be formed at the corner between the front counterbore hole Z5 and the lower hole H4.

Therefore, according to the third embodiment, a single composite tool 40B can be used to continuously perform the prepared hole machining, the back spot facing process and the back face chamfering process, and the front face facing process and the chamfering process without changing the tool. Since it can process, work efficiency can be improved.
In addition, since the composite tool 40B used in the third embodiment is provided with the third blade portion 53 in addition to the first blade portion 51 and the second blade portion 52, a face spot machining is performed on the surface of the workpiece. And chamfering can be performed. Therefore, since only the hole processing is required for the first blade portion 51, a high processing accuracy can be achieved by using a blade portion suitable for each processing.

<Modification>
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications, improvements, and the like within the scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
In the first embodiment, the blade attachment portion 44 is formed in a trapezoidal box shape, and the first blade portion 51 and the second blade portion 52 are attached to the corners of the blade portion attachment portion 44 so as to be first from the axis (rotation axis) of the tool body 41. Although the dimension L2 from the axis (rotation axis) of the tool body 41 to the tip of the second blade 52 is smaller than the dimension L1 to the tip of the blade 51, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the blade attachment portion 44 is formed in a rectangular box shape, and the second dimension from the axis (rotation axis) of the tool body 41 to the dimension L1 from the axis (rotation axis) of the tool body 41 to the tip of the first blade 51 is second. You may attach the 1st blade part 51 and the 2nd blade part 52 to the rectangular box-shaped blade part attaching part 44 so that the dimension L2 to the front-end | tip of the blade part 52 may become a small dimension.

In the third embodiment, one of the pair of first blade portions 51 provided on the front surface 44A and the back surface 44B of the blade portion attachment portion 44 is omitted, and the third blade portion 53 is attached instead of the one. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 14, the third blade portion 53 may be provided on the opposite side of the first blade portion 51 on the front surface 44 </ b> A and the back surface 44 </ b> B of the blade portion mounting portion 44. In this way, if the tool body 41 is rotated in one direction (clockwise), the first hole portion 51 can process the prepared hole, and can be rotated in the other direction (counterclockwise). For example, the third blade portion 53 can be counterbored and chamfered.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 14, if the second blade portion 52 is provided on the same side as the third blade portion 53, the rotation of the tool body 41 in the other direction (counterclockwise direction) The counterbore hole machining and the back surface machining can be performed by the two blade portions 52.

In each embodiment, there are two first blade portions 51 and two second blade portions 52, but the number of first blade portions 51 and second blade portions 52 may be one, or three or more. It may be.
For example, when three or more first blade portions 51 and second blade portions 52 are provided, the shape of the blade portion mounting portion 44 is formed in a truncated cone shape, and a plurality of first blade portions 51 are radially formed on the bottom surface of the truncated cone. It is sufficient to arrange them at regular intervals. In addition, with respect to the second blade portion 52, a plurality of second blade portions 52 may be arranged radially and at equal intervals on the upper surface of the truncated cone.

  In each embodiment, although the tool main body 41 is comprised from the mounting part 42, the extension shaft 43, and the blade part attaching part 44, the length of the extension shaft 43 is according to the depth of the hole to process. An optimal length may be used.

  In each embodiment, the machine tool main body 10 is provided so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis (C axis), and a main table 17 on which a rotary table 12B on which a work as a workpiece is placed is placed on the upper surface and a composite tool 40 is attached. A rotational drive source for rotationally driving the shaft, an X-axis linear drive mechanism 22 for moving the main shaft 17 in the Z-axis direction parallel to the rotational axis (C-axis) of the rotary table 12B and the X-axis direction orthogonal thereto, and the Z-axis Although the portal type processing machine provided with the linear drive mechanism 23 was used, it is not restricted to this.

For example, a table on which a workpiece is placed is structured so as not to rotate, and a relative movement mechanism that moves the table and the main shaft 17 to which the composite tools 40 and 40A are attached in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction. Even with a machine tool provided, it is possible to continuously perform the counterbore processing from the prepared hole processing.
On the contrary, the main shaft 17 does not rotate, and only the rotary table 12B rotates. The main shaft 17 and the rotary table have an axial direction parallel to the rotation axis of the rotary table and at least one axial direction perpendicular thereto (for example, It may be a machine tool having a structure that can move only in the X-axis direction).

  Furthermore, the composite tool and the machining method of the present invention are applied to a horizontal boring machine and a horizontal machining center with a horizontal main spindle, and a horizontal pilot hole and a back counterbore are machined in the horizontal boring machine and the horizontal machining center. It can also be done.

  The present invention can be used for machining a workpiece that requires hole machining and counterbore machining.

10 ... Machine tool body,
12 ... rotary table,
17 ... Spindle (tool mounting part)
21 ... Rotation drive mechanism,
22 ... X-axis linear drive mechanism,
23 ... Z-axis linear drive mechanism,
40A, 40B, 40C ... Composite tool,
41 ... Tool body,
42 ... mounting part,
43 ... Extension shaft,
44 ... Blade mounting part,
51 ... 1st blade part,
52 ... the second blade,
53 ... 3rd blade part, ah H1, H2, H3, H4, H5 ... pilot hole,
Z1, Z3, Z6, Z8 ...
Z4, Z5, Z7 ... face counterbore,
C1, C11, C12, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7 ... Chamfering.

Claims (8)

A tool main body configured to include a mounting portion formed on one end side in the axial direction and insertable into a tool mounting portion of a machine tool, and a blade portion mounting portion formed on the other end side in the axial direction;
In the blade attachment portion of the tool body, a first blade attached to the opposite side of the mounting portion;
In the blade attachment portion of the tool body, comprising a second blade attached to the mounting portion side,
The composite tool, wherein a dimension from the axis to the tip of the second blade part is smaller than a dimension from the axis to the tip of the first blade part. The composite tool according to claim 1,
The tool body includes the mounting portion, an extension shaft having the mounting portion at a base end, and the blade portion mounting portion provided at a distal end of the extension shaft.
The blade portion mounting portion is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which the width direction dimension is gradually narrowed toward the mounting portion as viewed from the direction orthogonal to the axial direction.
The composite tool, wherein the first blade portion and the second blade portion are attached to corners of the trapezoidal shape. The composite tool according to claim 1,
The said 1st blade part and the said 2nd blade part are arrange | positioned along the line orthogonal to the said axis line, The composite tool characterized by the above-mentioned. In the composite tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
In the blade attachment portion of the tool body, the third blade portion attached to the opposite side of the mounting portion,
The third blade portion is attached to the first blade portion so as to protrude in the axial direction, and from the axis to the first edge with respect to the dimension from the axis to the tip of the first blade portion. A composite tool having a small size up to the tip of the three blade portions. In the processing method which processes a work piece using the composite tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
While rotating one of the composite tool and the workpiece about the rotation axis and relatively moving the composite tool and the workpiece in the axial direction parallel to the rotation axis, the first blade portion of the composite tool A hole machining step for machining a pilot hole in a workpiece;
In a state where the second blade portion of the composite tool is protruded from the back surface of the workpiece processed with the prepared hole, one of the composite tool and the workpiece is rotated, and the composite tool and the workpiece are A back seat for machining a back counter bore on the back surface of the workpiece by the second blade portion of the composite tool while relatively moving in an axial direction parallel to the rotational axis and an axial direction perpendicular to the rotational axis. Drilling process,
A processing method characterized by comprising: In the processing method of Claim 5,
In a state where the first blade portion of the composite tool is protruded from the surface of the workpiece that has processed the prepared hole, one of the composite tool and the workpiece is rotated, and the composite tool and the workpiece are A front seat for machining a front counterbore on the surface of the workpiece by the first blade portion of the composite tool while relatively moving in an axial direction parallel to the rotational axis and in an axial direction perpendicular to the rotational axis Drilling process,
A processing method characterized by comprising: In the processing method according to claim 5 or 6,
One of the composite tool and the workpiece is rotated in a state where the second blade portion or the first blade portion of the composite tool is in contact with the corner portion of the pilot hole and the back counterbore or the front counterbore. The second tool portion or the first blade portion of the composite tool while relatively moving the composite tool and the workpiece in an axial direction parallel to the rotational axis and an axial direction perpendicular to the rotational axis. A chamfering process for chamfering the corner by
A processing method characterized by comprising: A table on which a workpiece is placed, a main shaft, a rotation drive mechanism that rotationally drives at least one of the table and the main shaft, and an axial direction and rotation of the table and the main shaft that are parallel to the rotation axis of the rotation drive mechanism A machine tool body provided with a linear drive mechanism that moves relative to an axial direction perpendicular to the axis;
A control device that drives and controls the rotation drive mechanism and the linear drive mechanism according to a machining program;
A composite tool mounted on the spindle,
The composite tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the composite tool is used.
A machine tool characterized by that.

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