JP2012016657A - Apparatus for supplying constant amount of waste gypsum board - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a block of waste gypsum board from staying at an inlet of a crusher/sorter, cut a large-sized gypsum board into a certain size so as to easily remove large foreign matters contained in the block of waste gypsum board in the sorting step, supply a uniform amount of cut gypsum board so as not to be piled up high, prevent pieces of the crushed gypsum board from being crushed into too small pieces so as not to degrade quality of paper and gypsum powder to be recovered in the subsequent steps, and prevent generation of paper powder.SOLUTION: The apparatus for supplying a constant amount of waste gypsum board includes: a hopper having a supply port for supplying a block of waste gypsum board and a discharge port opening in the substantially horizontal direction to discharge the block of waste gypsum board;and a cutter having an intermittently-driven belt conveyor disposed on the bottom part of the hopper, and disposed at the discharge port which is an end in the travelling direction of the belt conveyor. The cutting blade of the cutter reciprocates when the belt conveyor intermittently stops.

Description

  The present invention efficiently and smoothly performs various main treatments such as crushing, crushing, and sieving performed in a waste gypsum board separation process among construction waste discharged from construction sites such as new construction and demolition. The present invention provides an apparatus for carrying out a pretreatment process for performing work necessary for preparing the treatment conditions in advance so that the quality of the recovered product obtained by the separation is not impaired.

  By the way, in principle, 3 items (concrete, asphalt, and wood) that are subject to the “specific construction materials” defined in the Construction Recycling Law (revised in 2000) are prohibited from being disposed of in landfills, and full recycling is already required. It has been. However, waste gypsum board is discharged 1.36 million tons per year (220,000 tons for new construction, 1.14 million tons for dismantling system, estimated in 2008), and even though it continues to increase, it is subject to application of specific construction materials. Absent.

  On the other hand, according to the amendment to the Director-General of the Ministry of the Environment issued in 2006, landfill disposal of waste gypsum board was accepted only in “managed disposal sites” where gypsum is separated from paper and gypsum is strictly managed. In other words, waste gypsum board has been practically treated as a first-class waste with a risk of environmental pollution. This amendment is due to the fact that when waste gypsum is landfilled under conditions that do not meet the standards, it will be decomposed by sulfuric acid bacteria in an environment where moisture and organic matter are present, producing highly toxic hydrogen sulfide.

  Why is waste gypsum board, which is generated in large quantities and is a very dangerous waste, not subject to specific construction materials that require complete recycling? The main reason is that the development of recycling technology and the expansion of applications are delayed at this stage. In other words, to make recycling mandatory, at present, the means of recycling is technically or economically restricted, and if regulations are tightened, there is a risk that illegal dumping will increase as a result.

Non-patent document 1 is shown as a report showing the actual situation that it is difficult to proceed with the expansion of recycling of waste gypsum board discharged from the construction site.
This document points out various issues that have emerged along with various investigations in promoting the recycling of waste gypsum board.

First, the estimated values (ratio) by disposal method of waste gypsum board are shown (page 28). According to this, the recycling rate was 13%, landfill disposal at managed landfills was 22%, and indistinguishability was 34%.
Of these, regarding recycling, even when paper and gypsum are separated, it may be included in recycling, and the actual recycling rate is said to be even lower (page 26). He also pointed out that the management-type disposal site is gradually becoming increasingly difficult to accept (pages 21 and 27).

  In addition, it was assumed that “inappropriate processing” such as mixed disposal with other wastes and illegal landfilling was rampant for those indistinguishable (processing method unknown) (page 27). In this way, the background of improper treatment seems to be due to tight legal landfill capacity for management-type disposal sites, lack of recycling demand and cost problems.

  In addition, the current status and issues of recycling have been reported. According to the report, all the recycling of dismantled waste gypsum board, which accounts for the majority of emissions, has been progressed since the 2002 survey (page 34), indicating that the efforts have just started. In other words, this indicates that development of technology for collecting high-purity gypsum powder was delayed in recycling dismantled gypsum board, which has many foreign substances and tends to break down during discharge and distribution. In the investigation of this document, the origin of whether it is a new construction system or a solution system is not limited, but the quality requirement of the recycling destination is reported (page 34).

  As described above, the development of recycling technology has become an urgent issue for waste gypsum boards that emit a large amount of construction waste and have a large environmental impact, in order to reduce the amount of landfill disposal including inappropriate treatment. I understand that.

  On the other hand, Non-Patent Document 2 is shown as a material reported from the standpoint of a gypsum board manufacturer that is a source of waste gypsum board discharge and is also a recycling destination. According to this, the production raw material for gypsum board is about 30% for imported natural gypsum, and about 60% for domestic by-product gypsum such as flue gas desulfurization gypsum discharged from power stations, etc. (1 page) ). Natural gypsum of virgin material is covered by imports, indicating that there are problems in terms of securing resources. In other words, the development of recycling technology will become important in order to be able to secure raw materials in the same way as other mineral resources in order to cope with the situation of tightness in overseas procurement in the future.

  In light of the background that the development of recycling technology is an urgent issue, the present invention proposes mainly to aim at expanding recycling applications and ensuring economic efficiency. In particular, the present invention proposes a new proposal in the technical field for increasing the degree of separation of gypsum from mechanically separable paper (organic matter) and other foreign substances, and recovering highly pure gypsum powder. .

Three examples of the following patent documents are given as conventional related technologies.
Generally, in order to separate waste gypsum board, a method of separating a paper and a gypsum powder using a blade on the surface or using a crushing roll having a blade-like shape is employed.

  For example, see the proposal of Patent Document 1. This proposal is a method of crushing by passing a waste gypsum board between two-shaft crushing rolls provided with a large number of small protrusions, followed by sieving and separating. In this proposal, in order to increase the yield of gypsum powder with a small particle size separated and recovered by sieving, and to improve the processing capacity, the crushing roll is rotated at a high speed and many surface protrusions are provided. Since the waste gypsum board to be crushed is suddenly broken into pieces, the paper is also crushed finely together with the gypsum.

When the paper is crushed finely, the following two problems occur.
First, since the fiber length of the paper that can be collected becomes shorter as the paper piece becomes smaller, the value as recycled waste paper decreases. In many cases, they must be incinerated for transportation and storage.

  Secondly, a large amount of fine paper fibers (paper powder) generated when the paper is finely crushed and mixed in a large amount in the gypsum powder collected through the sieve eyes. Paper dust is an organic component and causes the following obstacles in the recycling of gypsum. For example, when recycled gypsum powder is used as a cement auxiliary material, the following problems are caused.

If the refined cement contains a large amount of organic components, a large number of bubbles are generated when the mortar or concrete is kneaded, and the bubbles obstruct the bonding of the cement molecules, causing deterioration in strength and durability. In addition, when water is contained, the sulfuric acid bacteria having organic content as energy easily decomposes the sulfur content of the gypsum component and binds to hydrogen molecules contained in the water, thereby generating a highly toxic hydrogen sulfide.
In other words, the reduction of paper pieces and the generation of a large amount of paper powder through disintegration is a major obstacle to the recycling of waste gypsum board.

Next, the proposal of patent document 2 is seen. This proposal is a method of rotating a biaxial screw provided with a comb-shaped blade and crushing the waste gypsum board finely while cutting in the rotation direction when the waste gypsum board is wound between the screws. Similar to Patent Document 1, this method has the same drawback in that the waste gypsum board is suddenly broken into pieces.
In the above, the typical example of the conventional method of breaking up the waste gypsum board has been shown.

  Next, the proposal of patent document 3 is seen. The main feature of this proposal is that the waste gypsum board is passed between rolls with no protrusions on the surface, and only the gypsum part is crushed and separated without crushing the paper by compression crushing only by the pressure applied from the surface of the waste gypsum board It is a method to do. After being separated from gypsum, the paper is torn into pieces of paper of a certain size by a roll that crushes only the paper provided with ridges. In this proposal, since the paper is not torn immediately after the compression crushing, not only can a large paper be recovered, but also the purity of the gypsum powder can be drastically increased since almost no paper dust is generated.

  In this proposal, the paper is crushed into small pieces to improve the fluidity of the feeding device (screw conveyor, etc.) for collecting the paper pieces, and the storage efficiency of storage containers (flexible bags, containers, etc.) It is necessary to increase the amount, and it is not necessary to make it small enough to break up. The paper crushing roll need only satisfy conditions suitable for collecting paper. Therefore, for example, in the conventional apparatus that simultaneously breaks up paper and gypsum, such as the proposals in the previous two examples, the side of the piece of paper is at most about 1 centimeter at most, but in the proposed apparatus, one side is 10 cm. It becomes possible to collect paper pieces of centimeters or more.

In this proposal, since a large piece of paper is stirred while touching the screen for separating the paper and gypsum provided on the screw conveyor, the gypsum lump that easily adheres to the screen surface is scraped off to prevent clogging and also has a cleaning effect. Demonstrate. Therefore, the collected paper has a feature that it is difficult for gypsum powder to be mixed, except for paper that is adhered and adhered.
Recently, the disintegration and separation apparatus proposed in Patent Document 3 has attracted attention and is widely used in the waste gypsum board separation treatment industry. It is because it has been highly evaluated in the following two points because it has the above-described sorting performance.

  First, almost no paper dust is mixed in the gypsum powder collected separately, and the quality is not lowered when recycled to gypsum board raw materials, cement auxiliary raw materials, soil improvement materials, and the like. Naturally, the recovered gypsum powder can be used for a wider range of recycling purposes and can be used more efficiently than the conventional separation process. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the burden on the environment and the cost, such as landfilling the collected gypsum powder in a management-type disposal site, which is economically advantageous.

  Secondly, by separating and collecting a large piece of paper and reducing the amount of gypsum powder to be mixed, the diversion rate of recycled paper can be increased. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce environmental burdens and cost burdens such as incineration, which is economically advantageous.

  Thus, a revolutionary proposal necessary for recycling waste gypsum board has been made. However, in order to further increase the recycling rate, it is necessary to solve many problems in the peripheral processes other than the proposal of Patent Document 3. In the following, the problem in drawing out the performance and the effect to the maximum by using the proposal of Patent Document 3 will be pointed out.

  Generally, the size of a new plaster board is 9 mm, and the size of the plate is 900 × 1800 mm. The waste gypsum board lump collected from the construction site includes those that have been cut or broken into various sizes and shapes, up to those of these dimensions. The waste gypsum board lump collected in this way often undergoes the following problem when it is subjected to the separation processing by the disintegration and separation apparatus of Patent Document 3 (the same applies to other conventional ones).

  First, in order to disintegrate with a roll or a screw, a waste gypsum board lump must be put into a narrow space. For example, if a gypsum board with a large side is included in a lump of waste gypsum board, there is a risk of being caught before the roll or screw unless it is placed straight along the gap between the roll and screw. When a machine is loaded using a conveyor or the like, the direction and angle of the gypsum board being transported is not determined. It was. In particular, when using a heavy machine or the like, the gypsum board is concentrated between the rolls and screws even if the one side is small, and a stagnation failure that causes a bridge is likely to occur.

  Conventionally, in order to prevent stagnation due to loading using heavy machinery and conveyors, it has been cumbersome and inefficient, such as rough crushing in advance using a heavy machine with a crusher function in a temporary storage yard, and charging in small amounts. I had to take the method.

  By the way, generally, the waste gypsum board lump also contains things other than gypsum board. In addition to small items such as screws, nails and staples, metal and wooden studs, mortar masses applied, and metal plates attached are often used. At present, it is difficult to completely separate the building site.

  Small items can be separated into residues by sieving in the post-disintegration process, but in the case of large items, the disintegration and separation device itself may be damaged. Mortar blocks are crushed and crushed into small pieces, but the quality of the mortar is reduced by mixing fine crushed stones into the gypsum powder. Therefore, it is preferable to remove such a large foreign substance as much as possible before putting it into the disintegration / splitting apparatus. For that purpose, it is appropriate to provide a separate sorting step.

  In general, the sorting process has two methods: mechanical removal using a magnetic separator, and visual detection and manual removal by a worker. In either case, the waste gypsum board is conveyed by a belt conveyor, and a magnetic metal foreign material is sucked and removed by a magnetic separator, and the other is removed by manual selection by an operator. In either case, the waste gypsum board lump that flows on the belt conveyor must be sucked out or found.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when a large foreign matter C ′ mixed in the waste gypsum board block A ′ moving on the belt conveyor 8 ′ is under the large-sized gypsum board A1, it directly covers the gypsum board. Not only that, the weight of the pile including the gypsum board block piled up on top was hindered, and it was difficult to suck with the magnetic separator 10 or to find out by the workers. Even if only a small piece of plasterboard is used, a large number of thick mountains will cause the same obstacles. Therefore, the waste gypsum board lump to be supplied to the sorting process needs a pretreatment process that eliminates the gypsum board of a large size and smoothes the mountains so that it flows evenly on the belt conveyor.

  In addition, this pretreatment process is similar to the disintegration and separation apparatus proposed in Patent Document 3, which is suitable for separating and recovering high quality paper and gypsum powder in the subsequent process, so that a large amount of paper powder is crushed. You shouldn't take the way it happens.

JP 2000-254531 A JP 2007-245023 A JP 2001-137726 A

“FY 2008 Waste Gypsum Board Recycling Promotion Study Study Report” Ministry of the Environment Minister's Secretariat Waste and Recycling Countermeasures Department (March 2009) “Measures for waste gypsum board” issued by the Japan Gypsum Board Industry Association (May 2010)

  The problem to be solved is to prevent the waste gypsum board lump from causing stagnation at the entrance of the crushing and separating apparatus, and to make it easier to remove large foreign substances contained in the waste gypsum board lump in the sorting process. The gypsum board is cut into a certain size, and a uniform supply is realized so that a large pile is not formed. In addition, the gypsum board piece is not made smaller than necessary and the generation of paper dust is suppressed so as not to impair the quality of paper and gypsum powder collected in the subsequent process. By solving this problem, it is possible to maximize the efficacy effect of the disintegration and separation apparatus capable of performing high-precision separation shown in Patent Document 3.

  The present invention is proposed in order to solve the above-described problems, and the operation of the present invention will be described together with the features of each configuration of the present invention.

  According to claim 1, a hopper having an input opening for inputting the waste gypsum board lump, a discharge opening opened in a substantially horizontal direction for discharging the waste gypsum board lump, and intermittent driving at the bottom of the hopper And a cutting machine provided at the end of the belt conveyor in the traveling direction and provided at the discharge opening, and the cutting of the cutting machine when the belt conveyor stops the intermittent driving. When the blade reciprocates, the waste gypsum board lump is cut every predetermined amount.

  With this configuration, the following operation is performed. First, by using a hopper provided with a charging opening and a discharging opening, a heavy machine such as a wheel loader can be used to limit the discharging amount while allowing a large amount of machinery to be input at a time.

  Secondly, by having the belt conveyor at the bottom of the hopper, the waste gypsum board lump introduced from the input opening can be moved on the belt conveyor to the discharge opening.

  Thirdly, by opening the discharge opening in a substantially horizontal direction, the waste gypsum board lump moved by the belt conveyor can be pushed out from the discharge opening.

  Fourth, at the end of the belt conveyor in the traveling direction, a cutting machine provided in the discharge opening is arranged, and the cutting blade reciprocates, so that the waste gypsum board block pushed out by the belt conveyor is fixed. It can be cut for each discharge. Moreover, the gypsum board contained in the gypsum board lump is not made finer than necessary, and is crushed by simple breakage due to the push-off action, so that paper dust does not scatter.

  Fifth, the cutting blade reciprocates when the belt conveyor stops intermittent driving, so that the cutting blade and the cutting machine are not subjected to excessive lateral force with respect to the reciprocating motion, and smooth cutting without damaging the device. It can be carried out.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, a pressing plate that reciprocates in the same direction as the reciprocating motion of the cutting blade is provided in the vicinity of the upstream side in the traveling direction of the belt conveyor with respect to the cutting machine, and the belt conveyor The presser plate reciprocates when the intermittent motion is stopped.

  With this configuration, the following operation is performed. First, by providing a holding plate that reciprocates in the same direction as the reciprocating movement of the cutting blade in the vicinity of the upstream side in the traveling direction of the belt conveyor with respect to the cutting machine, the cutting blade tries to cut the waste gypsum board. At this time, it is possible to prevent the plate-like board from jumping up and being caught between the cutting blades. If the board bites between the cutting blades, not only can the cutting not be performed well, but an excessive force in the lateral direction against the reciprocating motion is applied to the cutting blade and the cutting machine, thereby hindering smooth cutting such as damaging the apparatus.

  Secondly, the presser plate reciprocates when the belt conveyor stops intermittent driving, so that no extra lateral force is applied to the presser plate reciprocating motion, and the device does not damage the device. Can be maintained.

  According to claim 3, a rotating roll having a number of protrusions on a circular outer peripheral surface at a predetermined height from the upper surface of the belt conveyor and upstream of the belt conveyor with respect to the cutting machine is provided, In addition, the rotating roll is configured to rotate in a direction in which a function of causing the waste gypsum board block to flow backward in the direction of the charging opening works in a portion in contact with the waste gypsum board block.

Before describing the operation performed by this configuration, the problems that occur in the configuration of claim 1 are pointed out.
First, the waste gypsum board lump falls into the hopper from the charging opening and is piled up on the belt conveyor. At the same time, the waste gypsum board lump moves toward the discharge opening while the belt conveyor is intermittently driven. At that time, the hopper between the input opening and the discharge opening is a space closed on all sides, and the waste gypsum board lump on the belt conveyor advances while being regulated by the horizontal wall and the ceiling.

  In addition, the input opening needs to secure a large space in order to input a large amount with a heavy machine, but the discharge opening needs to be a small space in order to restrict the flow rate and stably discharge the quantity. That is, the advancing waste gypsum board lump must move gradually from the upstream side to the downstream side on the belt conveyor into a narrow space. At this time, the waste gypsum board lump in which various sizes of plate-like boards and crushed materials are mixed is restricted to the ceiling portion of the hopper on the upstream side of the discharge opening and is likely to stay. In the worst case such as when the input amount becomes excessive, it may be difficult to push and move the belt conveyor.

  In order to solve this, it is necessary to secure a space between the waste gypsum board lump and the ceiling portion so that the progress of the waste gypsum board lump on the belt conveyor is not hindered to realize smooth discharge. According to the configuration of claim 3, the rotating roll allows the plate-like board stacked on the upper surface of the waste gypsum board lump to flow backward, that is, it can be squeezed out in the input opening direction (upstream side). A space can be secured between the upper surface of the waste gypsum board lump and the ceiling portion of the hopper. That is, smooth discharge of the waste gypsum board can be realized.

The fixed amount supply device for waste gypsum board of the present invention produces the following effects.
First, in the waste gypsum board lump, a large size gypsum board is cut to a certain size and a uniform supply is made so as not to create a large pile, which causes a stagnation failure at the entrance of the cracking and separating apparatus. In addition, large foreign matters contained in the waste gypsum board lump are easily removed in the sorting process. As a result, it is possible to prevent a reduction in the operating rate due to the failure of the post-process equipment, and to prevent foreign matters from being mixed into the collected paper and gypsum powder.

  Secondly, the amount of gypsum board is not made smaller than necessary by adjusting the cutting amount, and the generation of paper powder is suppressed due to cutting by simple destruction, and the quality of paper and gypsum powder collected in the subsequent process is not impaired. . As a result, it leads to expansion of recycling applications and improvement of the amount of recycling.

  By the above, the efficacy effect of the disintegration and separation apparatus capable of performing high-precision separation shown in Patent Document 3 can be maximized.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a fixed amount supply device for waste gypsum board according to claim 1 of the present invention. Example 1 FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a fixed amount supply device for waste gypsum board to which the present invention is applied. (Example 2) FIG. 3 is a structural diagram in the vicinity of the cutting blades 32 and 33 in FIG. (Example 2) FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing metal foreign substances contained in the waste gypsum board block being conveyed in the prior art.

  A first embodiment is shown in FIG. This embodiment reflects claim 1 of the present invention. On the one hand, a hopper 1 having a charging opening 11 opened upward and a discharge opening 12 opened in a substantially horizontal direction on the other side, at the bottom of the hopper 1 is shown. A cutting machine having a provided belt conveyor 2 that is driven in a substantially horizontal intermittent manner, a terminal in the traveling direction 21 of the belt conveyor 2, that is, a cutting blade (upper blade) 32 that reciprocates in a substantially vertical operating direction 31 provided in the discharge opening 12. 3. It is comprised from the fixed cutting blade (lower blade) 33 provided in the discharge opening 12 similarly. The belt conveyor 2 is intermittently driven by a motor 24 or the like, and the cutting machine 3 operates when the belt conveyor 2 is stopped. The cutter 3 is operated using a hydraulic cylinder 34 or a motor.

The process of the present embodiment is as follows.
First, waste gypsum board lump A that has been loaded in large quantities from the loading opening 11 by a heavy machine such as a wheel loader 7 is stacked on the belt conveyor 2.

  Secondly, the waste gypsum board lump A that has been piled up gradually advances toward the discharge opening 12 by intermittent driving of the belt conveyor 2. When the belt conveyor 2 is driven, the upper blade 31 is retracted upward and the discharge opening 12 is fully opened or opened at a predetermined height, so that the advanced waste gypsum board block A is pushed out from the discharge opening 12. At this time, the belt conveyor 2 does not need to be horizontal, and when it is desired to increase the position of the discharge opening 12 due to circumstances such as the next process, the belt conveyor 2 may be inclined so as to increase toward the downstream in the traveling direction 21. I do not care.

  Thirdly, when the waste gypsum board block A pushed out from the discharge opening 12 reaches a predetermined amount, the driving of the belt conveyor 2 is stopped, and the upper blade 32 descends so that the plate is moved between the lower blade 33 and the plate. The waste gypsum board lump A is cut together with the shaped gypsum board. At this time, when the upper blade 32 descending presses the gypsum board, a cutting action by simple destruction is performed unlike crushing or crushing by a rotating machine such as a roll.

  Through the above process, the waste gypsum board lump A that has been input is cut in a fixed amount and discharged. The discharged waste gypsum board block B is adjusted to a relatively uniform amount without generating a large pile. As shown in FIG. 1, in order to quickly transport the waste gypsum board block B after cutting and discharging to the next processing step, another transport mechanism such as another discharge belt conveyor 8 that sends the waste gypsum board block B in the traveling direction 81 is provided. It may be connected to the discharge opening 12.

  Here, in this embodiment, the cut discharge amount is not particularly determined. However, if the cut size is extremely small, the paper piece after separation becomes small, or the mixing rate of the paper powder into the gypsum powder increases. On the other hand, if it is too large, there is a risk of stagnation at the entrance of the cracking and separating apparatus. According to demonstration results, it is known that the cutting dimensions should be performed at intervals of about 5 to 50 centimeters.

  On the other hand, the supply amount is 5 to 6 tons per hour when the width of the belt conveyor 2 is about 1 meter and the reciprocating stroke of the cutting blade (upper blade) 32 is about 60 to 80 cm. It has been found that a stable ability can be obtained.

  As described above, the fixed amount supply device for waste gypsum board of the present embodiment is not only capable of stable supply while cutting the gypsum board lump that has been charged at once by heavy machinery into an appropriate size, Since cutting by destruction is performed, there is an effect of suppressing generation of paper dust. As a result, it is possible to prevent stagnation in the post-process and to promote sorting to remove foreign matters, and the quality of recovered paper and gypsum powder is not deteriorated.

  A second embodiment is shown in FIGS. The present embodiment is an application of the first embodiment, and the basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. However, in this embodiment, many functions including the configurations shown in claims 2 and 3 of the present invention are added to enhance the performance. The added configuration and its functions are as follows.

  First, as an additional configuration reflecting claim 2, a press plate mechanism 4 having a press plate 42 reciprocating in a substantially vertical operating direction 41 is provided in the vicinity of the upstream side of the traveling direction 21 with respect to the cutter 3. Thereby, when cutting a waste gypsum board lump, the plate-shaped gypsum board contained can be prevented from jumping up, and the trouble that the gypsum board bites between the upper blade 32 and the lower blade 33 can be prevented. Therefore, it is necessary for the presser plate 42 to operate faster than the upper blade 32 descends and to contact the upper surface of the waste gypsum board lump. The presser plate 42 is operated using the motor 43 and the hydraulic cylinder shown in FIG.

  Further, as an additional configuration reflecting the third aspect, two protrusions 52 are provided on the outer peripheral surface in the vicinity of the ceiling 13 of the hopper 1 on the upstream side in the traveling direction 21 with respect to the cutting machine 3 and the presser plate mechanism 4. A rotating roll 5 is provided. Each of the rotating rolls 5 is rotated so as to act to flow backward with respect to the traveling direction 21 of the waste gypsum board lump by the belt conveyor 2. In FIG. 2, the rotation direction 51 is clockwise. 2, when the upper surface portion of the waste gypsum board block going to move rightward (traveling direction 21) in FIG. 2 touches the projection 52 of the rotating roller 5, the plate-like gypsum board near the upper surface slides to the upstream side. Pushed back. That is, the rotating roll 5 performs a flow rate adjusting function inside the hopper 1.

  By this function, when the waste gypsum board lump advances on the belt conveyor 2, it becomes difficult to cause troubles such as being restricted by the ceiling 13. Especially when a large amount of waste gypsum board lump is charged at a time, if this function is not provided, the progress resistance becomes excessive toward a narrow space leading to the discharge opening 12, the belt conveyor 2 and the waste gypsum board lump slip, The drive motor 24 is prone to failure such as overload stop. Although the number of the rotating rolls 5 in this embodiment is two, the number may be one or more as long as the action is sufficient. Furthermore, a mechanism that can adjust the installation height may be added so that the adjustable flow rate can be varied.

Other additional configurations will be described with reference to FIG.
First, a protrusion 23 is provided on the belt 22 of the belt conveyor 2. Thus, a sufficient driving force can be transmitted in order to advance the waste gypsum board lump against the frictional resistance generated between the side wall and the like. If the distance between the protrusions 23 is too narrow, slipping is likely to occur when a large-size gypsum board rides, so it is necessary to increase the distance appropriately. According to demonstration results, about 0.5 to 1 meter is good.

  Second, a foreign matter avoidance function at the time of cutting is provided. A sensor that can detect that a foreign object C that is not a gypsum board is sandwiched between the upper blade 32 and the lower blade 33 that are being lowered is sensed, and the upper blade 32 is reversed and raised by the reverse operation of the hydraulic cylinder 34 through the control circuit. Let As a result, it is possible to take preventive measures such as preventing damage to the blade surfaces of the upper blade 32 and the lower blade 33 and not transferring a large foreign object to a subsequent process. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the sensor is provided with a strain sensor 36 on the pinstone rod 35 of the hydraulic cylinder 34 connected to the upper blade 32, and senses a mechanical stress larger than usual caused by the insertion of a hard foreign object such as metal. Various methods are conceivable, such as a method of providing a current conduction sensor 37 for a conductive foreign object such as metal and sensing a weak current 38 flowing between the upper blade 32 and the lower blade 33 via the foreign object C. .

  Thirdly, a hood 14 is provided at the top of the input opening 11 and a hood 15 is provided at the downstream side of the discharge opening 12, and a funnel-shaped curtain 16 is arranged at each hood opening so that gypsum is used at the time of input and discharge. Prevent dust from splashing around.

  Fourth, a dust collection port 17 is provided in the vicinity of the ceiling of the hoods 14 and 15 on the input side and the discharge side, respectively, and is generated inside the hoods 14 and 15 by a dust collector 9 separately provided through a pipe 91 connected thereto. Prevents gypsum dust from flowing out.

  Fifth, an opening 18 for internal confirmation provided on the side wall of the hopper 1 is provided. By using the visual function 6 such as a direct visual sensor or a sensor using this, the residual amount of the waste gypsum board lump inside the hopper 1 is confirmed to prevent the supply from being cut.

  Similarly to Example 1, in order to quickly convey the waste gypsum board lump after cutting and discharging to the next processing step, it is preferable to connect a transport mechanism such as another discharge belt conveyor 8 that sends out the waste gypsum board lump in the traveling direction 81. .

  The present invention has been proposed as a pretreatment facility for waste gypsum board separation processing, but in a process where a solid containing a plate, bar, or other complex shape must be mechanically processed. This can be applied to a case where it is desired to supply a product stably and continuously.

A Abandoned gypsum board lump A 'Waste gypsum board lump being transported A1 Large board B Waste gypsum board lump C, C' Foreign matter 1 Hopper 2 Belt conveyor 3 Cutting machine 4 Presser plate mechanism 5 Rotating roll 6 Visual recognition Function 7 Heavy machinery for input (wheel loader)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 8 Discharge belt conveyor 8 'Conveyor belt conveyor 9 Dust collector 10 Magnetic separator 11 Input opening 12 Discharge opening 13 Ceiling 14 Input side hood 15 Discharge side hood 16 Dustproof screen 17 Dust collector 18 Side wall opening 21 Belt conveyor traveling direction 22 Belt 23 Protrusion on belt 24 Drive motor 31 Direction of operation of cutting blade (upper blade) 32 Cutting blade (upper blade)
33 Cutting blade (lower blade)
34 Hydraulic cylinder 35 Piston rod 36 Strain sensor 37 Current continuity sensor 38 Flow of weak current 41 Operating direction of presser plate 42 Presser plate 43 Drive motor 51 Rotating roll direction 52 Rotating roll protrusion 81 Ejection direction of discharge belt conveyor 91 Dust path (pipe)

Claims (3)

  A hopper having a charging opening for discharging waste gypsum board lump discharged from a newly built or demolished construction site, and a discharging opening opened in a substantially horizontal direction for discharging the waste gypsum board lump, and the bottom of the hopper A belt conveyor that can be intermittently driven, and a cutting machine provided at an end of the belt conveyor in the traveling direction and provided at the discharge opening, and when the belt conveyor stops the intermittent driving, A waste gypsum board quantitative supply device characterized in that the waste gypsum board lump is cut every predetermined amount by reciprocating a cutting blade of a cutting machine.   A holding plate that reciprocates in the same direction as the reciprocating movement of the cutting blade is provided in the vicinity of the upstream side in the traveling direction of the belt conveyor with respect to the cutting machine, and the belt conveyor is stopped when the intermittent movement is stopped. The fixed supply device for waste gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein the press plate reciprocates.   A rotating roll having a large number of protrusions on the outer circumferential surface of the circle is provided on the upstream side in the traveling direction of the belt conveyor with respect to the cutting machine and at a predetermined height from the upper surface of the belt conveyor. 3. The quantitative supply for waste gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein the waste gypsum board lump rotates in a direction in which an action of causing the waste gypsum board lump to flow back in the direction of the input opening works in a portion in contact with the gypsum board lump. apparatus.