JP2011513501A - 局所使用のためのビタミンk類似体製剤 - Google Patents
局所使用のためのビタミンk類似体製剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011513501A JP2011513501A JP2010550880A JP2010550880A JP2011513501A JP 2011513501 A JP2011513501 A JP 2011513501A JP 2010550880 A JP2010550880 A JP 2010550880A JP 2010550880 A JP2010550880 A JP 2010550880A JP 2011513501 A JP2011513501 A JP 2011513501A
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- pharmaceutical formulation
- menadione
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- vitamin
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- UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4h-pyrazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/14—Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/12—Ketones
- A61K31/122—Ketones having the oxygen directly attached to a ring, e.g. quinones, vitamin K1, anthralin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0014—Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
本出願は、2008年3月13日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/069,218号(題名「EMULSIONS OF VITAMIN K ANALOGS FOR TOPICAL USE」)および2009年1月13日に出願された米国仮出願第61/204,939号(題名「EMULSIONS OF VITAMIN K ANALOGS FOR TOPICAL USE」)の優先権を主張し、かかる両出願の開示はそれらの全体が参照により本明細書中に組み込まれる。
上皮増殖因子(EGF)は、その受容体EGFRを介して作用するもので、ケラチノサイトその他表皮細胞のマイトジェンかつ生存因子である(Rheinwald et al. Nature, 1997: 265:421(非特許文献1); Rodeck et al. J. Cell Science, 1997; 110:113(非特許文献2))。EGFは、表皮の正常な発達および生理機能にとって重要である。EGFR阻害は、基底層内の上方制御されたp27KIP1、KRT1およびSTAT3によって示されるように、基底ケラチノサイトの異常増殖、移動および未熟な分化に至る可能性があり、結果として炎症性細胞の補充を伴う皮膚の完全性崩壊に至る可能性がある(Jost et al. Eur. J. Dermatol. 2000; 10:505−510(非特許文献3); Lacouture, Nat. Rev. Cancer 2006; 6:803−812(非特許文献4))。
本発明の局所製剤は、疎水性軟膏剤、親水軟膏剤、疎水性液剤、懸濁剤、噴霧剤、または泡沫剤でよい。
本発明の局所製剤は、局所投与に適した任意の光不透過性の市販容器(例えば、暗色ガラス、プラスチックまたはアルミニウム)を用いて都合よく収容してよく(ポンプ式噴霧缶、ボトル、瓶、薬瓶、チューブおよび単回使用パケットなどを含むが、これらに限定されないが)、有効成分であるビタミンK類似体の化学的安定性を少なくとも12ヶ月間、25℃または冷却(4℃)下で維持できるものが挙げられる。これらの容器に、キャップおよび局所製剤を分配する方法(例えば、ポンプまたは塗布具)を提供することもできる。
本発明はさらに、治療有効量で、本明細書に記載の局所製剤を患者に投与することを含む、皮膚病態を治療する方法を提供する。
本試験では、局所医薬生成物に使用された水性および油性賦形剤中メナジオンの溶解度特性を評価することに焦点を当てた。初めに、溶解度試験を単溶媒中で行なった。選択した溶媒中のメナジオンの溶解度を表1に提示する。
製剤開発中の目的は次の特性を備える局所製剤を開発することであった。
・可能な場合、エチルアルコールを含まない製剤
・可能な場合、公定書記載製剤成分
・既にFDAに承認されている局所生成物中に存在する賦形剤(FDAの不活性成分ガイドに掲載されている賦形剤により示される)からなるビヒクル
・化学的に安定している
・物理的に安定している
・高度に拡散可能であり、美容上洗練されている
・製薬上許容可能な属性
・保存性良好な生成物
・標的表皮中メナジオン濃度:0.1〜0.5mMを送達する
濃度0.1〜0.5mMメナジオンを表皮層へ送達する目的に基づき、約2〜10%の該生成物の塗布用量が標的領域に到達すると仮定して、製剤中の標的薬物濃度は0.2%w/wを選択した(0.2%は約12mM相当であり、したがって推定表皮送達2〜10%は表皮濃度約0.2〜1.2mMに相当する)。
表3に提示したプロトタイプの安定性評価と同時に、第2のプロトタイプ群を調製し、メナジオンの生きた表皮層および皮膚層内への送達能を評価した。ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)中メナジオンを陽性対照とした。なぜなら、これは最適な皮膚浸透エンハンサーとして周知であるからである。
この第2インビトロ試験の目的は、(14C)‐メナジオン(濃度0.05、0.1、および0.2%)のインビトロ経皮吸収の特性を決定することであった。これらの試験は、待機外科手術後にデルマトームで採取して得られた正常ヒト皮膚に局所塗布後、主要製剤4および予備製剤1を用いて行なった
第1収容安定性試験による評価を、新規バッチの主要製剤4(0.2%および0.1%メナジオン)を12ヶ月間、および予備製剤1(0.2%メナジオン)を3ヶ月間それぞれ用いて行なった。これら2製剤を、収容構成材として選択したアルミチューブ(30g容量、盲端部、先端封止材および白色の高密度ポリエチレン(HDPE)刺貫式キャップ付き)内に装填した。該チューブは内部がラッカーコーティング(PE‐1090‐21)されており、Montebelloにより供給されている(部品番号:0/7/8/S/L‐DO9005‐SP60)。
両インビトロ経皮吸収試験における製剤4の適切な浸透性、ならびにホウケイ酸ガラス内および第1収容試験におけるその各物理化学的安定性に基づき、表22に載せた組成物を非臨床的および臨床的評価のために選択した。
活性成分であるメナジオンは黄色粉末であり、したがってメナジオン局所ローションは該メナジオン成分に起因した淡黄色の外観であるため、既知量(7ppm)のFD&C黄色5号は水相に溶解し、薬物生成物と同等の外観を維持する。該製剤中の残りの成分は実施例7に記載したものと同一である。安定性試験を開始し、メナジオンローション製剤のプラセボの物理的および化学的安定性を評価した。メナジオンローション製剤のプラセボを透明なホウケイ酸ガラス製薬瓶内に調合した。すべての薬瓶を5℃(暗所)、25℃(暗所)および40℃(暗所)下で保存し、プラセボ製剤の安定性を評価した。物理的および化学的安定性の結果を表25に提示する。
3つの37.5Kg臨床的メナジオン局所ローションバッチを濃度0.2%、0.1%および0.05%で製造した。該臨床的供給物を60gアルミチューブ(盲端部、先端封止材および黒色ポリプロピレン(PP)刺貫式キャップ付き)内に収容した。該チューブは内部がPE‐1090‐21ラッカーコーティングされており、Montebello(部品番号:1/1/4/S/L‐HA1020‐SP22)によって供給されている。開発中、キャップ色を白色から黒色へ変更した。なぜなら驚くべきことに白色キャップの使用は開封後に光を生成物中へ透過させ、最小限の光の曝露を受けたチューブのネック部周囲部位の生成物を変質させることが見出されたからである。これは、例えば、表7に記載した安定性観察結果と一致する。
さらに、1つの37.5Kg臨床的プラセボバッチを製造した。該バッチ製法を表29に提示する。
メナジオン局所ローション(濃度0.05%、0.1%、または0.2%(w/w))は、上皮増殖因子受容体阻害剤(EGFRi)療法に続発した発疹およびその他皮膚病態の治療に使用できる。当該製品は基本的に黄色〜淡黄色のローションであり、標的pH5.5〜6.0および粘度約3,000〜4,000cps(粘度パラメータ:スピンドル27、速度30rpm)である。該製剤はメナジオン薬剤原料の油相中への完全な溶解を容易にし、ローション製剤中の0.05%、0.1%または0.2%メナジオン(w/w)のいずれかの全体溶解度を維持するために特に設計した。
メナジオン局所ローション0.05%、0.1%、または0.2%は感光性であることが知られているため、それらの製造プロセスは黄灯下で行なって活性医薬成分(API)の分解を防止し、その後の最終生成物の変質を防止する。
容器の施栓に関する情報を下表29に提示する。
ベンジルアルコールを局所製剤中の防腐剤として用いた製剤開発経験に基づき、ベンジルアルコールをメナジオン製剤中の防腐剤系として選択した。続いての抗菌効果試験(AET)により、選択した主要製剤における防腐剤系の有効性が示された。メナジオン局所ローション0.2%はAET試験のUSPおよびEP/BP要件を満たした。許容可能なAET結果の0.2%製剤とは、より低いメナジオン濃度(例えば、0.05%および0.1%)を含む同一製剤も許容可能であることを意味する。
様々な類似生成物を送達するための市販のLDPE塗布具を用いて、正確な臨床投与を容易にする。候補薬物生成物と塗布具間の予想接触時間は5分を超えないものと想定される。
背景:
ざ瘡様皮疹は蔓延した、有痛性の、治療を制限するEGFR阻害剤療法の合併症であり、報告された発生率は50〜100%の範囲である。メナジオン局所ローション(MTL)はEGFR阻害剤のこの副作用を標的とした治療として開発中であり、EGFR阻害剤には承認されている4剤(エルロチニブ、ゲフィチニブ、パニツムマブおよびセツキシマブ)がある。メナジオンは、直接的なEGF活性化作用ならびにEGFRおよびその他の成長因子関連ホスファターゼ阻害性活性を有することが示されている。
この第I相、プラセボ対照、非盲検、調整用量漸増試験にて、対象の顔面、頚部、上胸および上腕に対して3日半、7日サイクルで28日間の期間にわたり1日2回投与した3濃度(0.05%、0.1%、0.2%)のMTLおよびプラセボのバイオアベイラビリティ、安全性および忍容性を評価した。薬物動態パラメータを、血中および組織中のMTL、ならびに血中の主な代謝物メナキノン‐4およびチオジオンについて評価した。皮膚内の潜在的反応バイオマーカーp27、p63およびpEGFRを測定した。
健常な対象12例(男6例女6例)、年齢中央値43歳(範囲、30〜52歳)を試験に登録した。少数の患者の試料において血漿中薬物濃度を分析し、無視できる程度の血漿中のメナジオン濃度が定量下限値付近に観察された。これにより、局所メナジオンは有意に全身吸収されないことが確認される。最も頻出した有害事象(AE)は潜在的にMTLに関連する(皮膚毒性である紅斑および灼熱感など)。AEはすべてCTCグレード1または2であった。p27、p63およびpEGFRの免疫組織化学分析により、正常な皮膚構造およびシグナル伝達はMTLにより有害な影響を受けなかったことが示唆される。
MTL治療を受けた対象由来の血漿の薬物動態分析により、メナジオンならびにその主な代謝物メナキノン‐4およびチオジオンの有意ではない全身濃度が示された。MTLはEGFR阻害剤療法関連皮膚毒性(発疹)のために開発中であり、EGFR阻害剤療法施行中の癌患者を対象とした第I相試験において現在、調査中である。
本明細書全体において丸括弧内に参照した様々な刊行物の開示、完全な引用は、本発明の出願の属する分野を詳述するため、それらの全体が参照により本発明の出願中に組み込まれる。
Claims (24)
- ビタミンK類似体、親油性成分、ゲル化剤、および水を含む、皮膚病態の治療に適した局所塗布可能な医薬製剤。
- 前記ビタミンK類似体がEGFRを活性化する、請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記ビタミンK類似体がメナジオンである、請求項2に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記ビタミンK類似体を約0.01〜10%(w/w)含む、請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記親油性成分がミリスチン酸イソプロピル、カプリル酸/カプリン酸トリグリセリド、セバシン酸ジエチル、アジピン酸ジイソプロピル、ペトロラタム、鉱油、およびシクロメチコーンからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記親油性成分を約1〜100%(w/w)含む、請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記ゲル化剤を約0.1〜5%(w/w)含む、請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 水を約30〜95%(w/w)含む、請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- さらに防腐剤を含む、請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記防腐剤を約0.01〜50%(w/w)含む、請求項9に記載の医薬製剤。
- さらに中和剤を含む、請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記中和剤が前記製剤のpHを約4.0〜8.0に維持する、請求項11に記載の医薬製剤。
- クリームまたはローションである、請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 粘度約1,000〜20,000cpsのローションである、請求項13に記載の医薬製剤。
- a)約0.01〜10%(w/w)のメナジオン;
b)約1〜50%(w/w)の親油性成分;
c)それぞれ約0.01〜5%(w/w)の1つもしくは複数のアクリル酸系ポリマー;
e)約0.03〜10%(w/w)の防腐剤;
f)pH約4.0〜7.0を維持するのに十分な中和剤;ならびに
g)水
を含む、皮膚病態の治療に適した局所塗布可能な医薬製剤。 - a)約0.05〜2%(w/w)のメナジオン;
b)約3〜20%(w/w)の前記親油性成分;
c)それぞれ約0.1〜1.0%(w/w)の1つもしくは複数のアクリル酸系ポリマー;
e)約0.5〜5%(w/w)の前記防腐剤;
f)pH約4.5〜6.5を維持するのに十分な中和剤;ならびに
g)精製水
を含む、請求項15に記載の医薬製剤。 - a)約0.05〜0.2%(w/w)メナジオン;
b)約12%(w/w)ミリスチン酸イソプロピル;
c)約0.3%(w/w)Pemulen TR‐1;
d)約0.1%(w/w)Carbopol 981;
e)約1%(w/w)ベンジルアルコール;
f)pH約5.0〜6.0を維持するのに十分な水酸化ナトリウム;および
g)精製水
を含む、請求項15に記載の医薬製剤。 - a)約0.05〜0.2%(w/w)メナジオン;
b)約3%(w/w)セバシン酸ジエチル;
c)約0.3%(w/w)Pemulen TR‐1;
d)約0.1%(w/w)Carbopol 981;
e)それぞれ約0.3%(w/w)のメチルパラベンおよびプロピルパラベン;
f)pH約5.0〜6.0を維持するのに十分な水酸化ナトリウム;ならびに
g)水
を含む、請求項15に記載の医薬製剤。 - a)約0.05〜0.2%(w/w)メナジオン;
b)約6%(w/w)アジピン酸ジイソプロピル;
c)約0.3%(w/w)Pemulen TR‐1;
d)約0.1%(w/w)Carbopol 981;
e)それぞれ約0.3%(w/w)のメチルパラベンおよびプロピルパラベン;
f)pH約5.0〜6.0を維持するのに十分な水酸化ナトリウム;ならびに
g)水
を含む、請求項15に記載の医薬製剤。 - 光不透過性容器内に収容された請求項1または15に記載の医薬製剤を含む、収容された医薬製剤。
- 治療有効量の請求項1または15に記載の医薬製剤または請求項20に記載の収容された医薬製剤を患者に局所投与することを含む、皮膚病態を治療する方法。
- 前記皮膚病態が抗上皮増殖因子受容体(EGFR)療法に続発している、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記抗EGFR療法が抗EGFR抗体による治療である、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記抗EGFR療法がEGFRチロシンキナーゼ阻害剤による治療である、請求項22に記載の方法。
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US6921808P | 2008-03-13 | 2008-03-13 | |
US20493909P | 2009-01-13 | 2009-01-13 | |
PCT/US2009/037041 WO2009114745A1 (en) | 2008-03-13 | 2009-03-13 | Formulations of vitamin k analogs for topical use |
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JP2011513501A5 JP2011513501A5 (ja) | 2013-05-09 |
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US (2) | US8815953B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2265255A1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP2011513501A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20110004382A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2009223158B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2718262A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009114745A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
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WO2009114745A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
US20140336268A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
EP2265255A1 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
AU2009223158B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
CA2718262A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
US20090234022A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
JP2015042658A (ja) | 2015-03-05 |
AU2009223158A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
KR20110004382A (ko) | 2011-01-13 |
US8815953B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 |
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