JP2011501015A - 排ガス処理のための汚染防止要素実装用マット - Google Patents
排ガス処理のための汚染防止要素実装用マット Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011501015A JP2011501015A JP2010528969A JP2010528969A JP2011501015A JP 2011501015 A JP2011501015 A JP 2011501015A JP 2010528969 A JP2010528969 A JP 2010528969A JP 2010528969 A JP2010528969 A JP 2010528969A JP 2011501015 A JP2011501015 A JP 2011501015A
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Images
Classifications
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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Abstract
Description
(i)上で定義したガラス繊維を、成形ワイヤの上に置かれる開かれた底を有する成形ボックスの入口を通して供給し、成形ワイヤの上に繊維のマットを形成する工程であり、この成形ボックスが、入口とハウジング底との間のハウジングに少なくとも一列に備えられた、繊維の凝集を解きほぐすための複数の繊維分離ローラーと、エンドレスベルトスクリーンと、を有する、工程と、
(ii)繊維分離ローラーの下及び成形ワイヤの上のエンドレスベルトの下位走行部上の繊維の凝集を捉える工程と、
(iii)捉えられた凝集がこのエンドレスベルトから解放され、ローラーに接触してローラーによって解きほぐされることができるように、繊維分離ローラーの上のこのエンドレスベルト上の捉えられた繊維の凝集を搬送する工程と、
(iv)繊維のマットを、成形ワイヤによって成形ボックスから出して移動する工程と、
(v)この繊維のマットを圧縮し、この繊維のマットをその圧縮された状態に拘束し、それによって触媒コンバータのハウジングに汚染防止要素を実装するために好適な望ましい厚さを有するマウンティングマットを得る工程と、を含む。
(i)ガラス繊維の総重量に基づき、10〜30重量%のAl2O3と52〜65重量%のSiO2とを含むガラス繊維を、成形ワイヤの上に置かれた開かれた底を有する成形ボックスの入口を通して供給して、この成形ワイヤ上に繊維のマットを形成する工程であり、この成形ボックスが、この入口とハウジング底との間のハウジングに少なくとも一列に備えられた、繊維の凝集を解きほぐすための複数の繊維分離ローラーと、エンドレスベルトスクリーンと、を有する、工程と、
(ii)繊維分離ローラーの下及び成形ワイヤの上のエンドレスベルトの下位走行部上の繊維の凝集を捉える工程と、
(iii)捉えられた凝集がこのエンドレスベルトから解放され、ローラーによって解きほぐされることができるように、繊維分離ローラーの上のこのエンドレスベルト上の捉えられた繊維の凝集を搬送する工程と、
(iv)繊維のマットを、成形ワイヤによって成形ボックスから出して移動する工程と、
(v)この繊維のマットを圧縮し、この繊維のマットをその圧縮された状態に拘束し、それにより触媒コンバータのハウジングに汚染防止要素を実装するために好適な望ましい厚さを有するマウンティングマットを得る工程と、
(vi)この繊維のマットを熱処理に曝す工程と、を含む。
本明細書に記載される熱処理されたガラス繊維は、ケイ酸アルミニウム繊維であり、好ましくはケイ酸マグネシウムアルミニウム繊維である。「ケイ酸(マグネシウム)アルミニウム繊維」という用語は、他の酸化物、特に他の金属酸化物の存在を排除せずに、シリコン、アルミニウム、(及びマグネシウム)の酸化物を含むガラス繊維を含む。
本明細書で提供されるマウンティングマットは、排ガスの処理用汚染防止装置に汚染防止要素を実装するために好適であり、上述の熱処理された繊維を含有する。これらのマットは、上述の熱処理された繊維のマットの総重量に基づき、少なくとも5又は少なくとも10又は少なくとも30又は少なくとも50又は少なくとも75又は少なくとも80又は少なくとも90重量%の、熱処理された繊維を含むことができる。
式中、
Rは水素又は好ましくは1〜20個、より好ましくは1〜12個の炭素原子を有する有機残基であり、
nは、1〜20、好ましくは2〜15、より好ましくは3〜12、そして更により好ましくは4〜12の整数である。好ましくは、繊維ブランケットに浸透させるために使用されるシルセスキオキサンは、室温(23℃±2℃)では固体である。更に、シルセスキオキサンは、以下に示されるように、所望の浸透条件下で、自己架橋することができるヒドロキシ又はアルコキシ基などの官能基を好ましくは末端で含む。それらは、原理上は、例えば三官能性(例えばトリアルコキシ−官能性)シラン類(例えば、R−Si(OR)3)の加水分解重縮合によって得られる。
H2NCH2CH2NHCH2CH(CH3)CH2−、メルカプトプロピル、メルカプトエチル、ヒドロキシプロピル、
(−OQ)aOZを有する一価の炭化水素基を表し、ここでQは、2又は3個の炭素原子を有するアルキレン基を表し、aは、1〜20の値を有し、Zは、水素原子、アルキル基又はアシル基を表し、それぞれのR’’はメチル又はエチル基を表し、Xはハロゲン原子を表す。
−(CH2)2OCH2CH(OH)CH2−、である。好ましくはRは基−(CH2)3−、−(CH2)4−又は
−CH2CH(CH3)CH2−を表す。R’基は、1〜15個の炭素原子を有する任意の一価の炭化水素基、例えばアルキル基、例えばメチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル又はテトラデシル、アルケニル基、例えばビニル、又はアリール、アルカリル又はアラルキル基、例えばフェニル、ナフチル、トリル、2−エチルフェニル、ベンジル及び2−フェニルプロピルであってよい。R’基は、本明細書の上記に定義されたとおり、基−(OQ)aOZであってもよく、かかる基の例は、
−(OCH2CH2)OH、−(OCH2CH2)3OH、−(OCH2CH2)3(OCH2CH2CH2)3OC4H9及び
−(OCH2CH2)2OC3H7である。Y置換基として、メチル、エチル、プロピル及びビニル並びにアルコキシ及びアルコキシアルコキシ基、例えばメトキシ、エトキシ、ブトキシ及びメトキシエトキシなどの一価の炭化水素基が存在してもよい。少なくとも1つのYは、アルコキシ又はアルコキシアルコキシでなくてはならず、好ましいシラン類はY置換基がメチル基及びアルコキシ基又は4個未満の炭素原子を有するアルコキシアルコキシ基から選択されるものである。好ましくは、Xはクロリン又は臭素を表す。上記のオルガノシラン類は、既知の物質であり、例えば三級アミン、例えばC15H31N(CH3)2とハロアルキルシラン、例えばクロロプロピルトリメトキシシランとの反応によって、又は不飽和アミンのヒドロシリコン化合物への添加、続いてその生成物とヒドロカルビルハロゲン化物又は水素ハロゲン化物の反応によって、調製することができる。
マウンティングマットは、ウェットレイドプロセスか、又はドライレイドプロセスによって製造され得る。例えば、マウンティングマットは、ランドウェバー(RANDO WEBBER)(登録商標)(ランドマシーン社(Rando Machine Corp.)、ニューヨーク州マセドン所在)又はダンウェブ(DAN WEB)(登録商標)(スキャンウェブ社(ScanWeb Co.)、デンマーク所在)のような、ワイヤスクリーン又はメッシュベルト上に繊維が引き出される、市販のウェブ形成機を使用して製造されてきた。
(ii)繊維分離ローラーの下であり成形ワイヤの上にあるエンドレスベルトの下位走行部の繊維の凝集を捉える工程と、
(iii)捉えられた凝集がこのエンドレスベルトから解放され、ローラーに接触してローラーによって解きほぐされることができるように、繊維分離ローラーの上のこのエンドレスベルト上に捉えられた繊維の凝集を搬送する工程と、
(iv)繊維のマットを、成形ワイヤによって成形ボックスから出して移動する工程と、
(v)この繊維のマットを圧縮し、この繊維のマットをその圧縮された状態に抑制し、それによって触媒コンバータのハウジングに汚染防止要素を実装するために好適な望ましい厚さを有するマウンティングマットを得る工程と、を含む。
図4は、汚染防止装置の実施形態を図示する。汚染防止装置10は、典型的に金属材料で作製される、概して円錐台形状(フラストコニカル)の入口端及び出口端12及び13を有するケーシング11を備える。ケーシング11内には、汚染防止要素すなわちモノリス20が配置される。汚染防止モノリス20の周囲を、本発明に基づき製造されたマウンティングマット30が囲み、ケーシング11内のモノリス要素20をしっかりと、しかし弾力的に支持する役割りを果たす。マウンティングマット30は、ケーシング内の定位置に汚染防止モノリス20を保持し、汚染防止モノリス20とケーシング11との間の隙間をシールし、よって排気ガスが汚染防止モノリス20をバイパスするのを防止するか、又は最小限にする。図4に図示されるように、ケーシング11の外側は大気に曝露される。言い換えれば、装置10は、ケーシング11を収納するもう1つのハウジングを含まない。しかし、別の実施形態では、トラック用触媒コンバータで可能な例の場合のように、汚染防止モノリスをケーシング内に保持し、次にその1つ以上を、追加的ケーシング内に収納することができる。汚染防止装置のケーシングは、ステンレススチールなどを含む、そのような用途のために当該技術分野で既知の材料で作製することができる。
サイクル圧縮試験
サイクル圧縮試験の試験装置は以下の要素を含有する。
この試験では、石英試料ホルダー及び800℃まで熱することができる炉が装備されたサーマルメカニカルアナライザ(Thermal Mechanical Analyzer)801L型(バーサーモアナリス社(Bahr Thermoanalyse GmbH)、ドイツ、ヒュルホルスト(Hullhorst)所在)を使用した。
RCFTの試験装置は以下のものを含む。
熱振動試験は、金属製ケーシング内にマウンティングマットと共に実装された排気ガス処理要素(以下、試験アセンブリと呼ぶ)を介して熱いガスを通過させながら、同時に、促進耐久性試験として十分に作用する機械的振動に試験アセンブリをさらす工程を含む。
マウンティングマット(実施例)は、デンマークのフォームファイバー(Formfiber)から入手された、2005年5月19日付の国際公開第2005/044529号の原則に基づき構築された310mm幅の不織機で作製した。この機械は、上位の3つのスパイクロールと底部の3つのスパイクロールから成るセットを2つ有し、これらが互いに対してターンする成形セクションを有する。スパイクロールの対の間に設置された金属バーを伴う移動ベルトは、いかなる材料の塊も成形ベルト上に落ち得ないようにする。
97%Rガラス短繊維、長さ6mm、繊維を700℃のキルンで1時間熱処理したもの。
上述の手順を用いてマットを成形した。マウンティングマット(実施例1)は140℃の炉を通過した。マウンティングマット(実施例1)をローラーで圧縮し、マットの厚さを元の厚さ約45mmから約13mmに減少した。
80%Rガラス短繊維、長さ6mm、繊維を700℃のキルンで1時間熱処理したもの。
その他の全てのマット試料は、異なるタイプのガラス繊維を用い異なる熱処理を施して実施例2で記述したように調製された。これらの実施例はそれぞれ、ブレンディングを使用せずに1つのタイプ及び長さの繊維で作製された。成形及びニードリングの後、マット試料をTMA手順に従って試験した。その結果、繊維マットの厚さが3%収縮する温度を特定した。
97%Rガラス短繊維
3%バイコンポーネント繊維(トレビラ(TREVIRA)(登録商標)255)
比較実施例C1のマウンティングマットは、Rガラス短繊維を熱処理プロセスに曝さなかったことを除き、実施例1で説明したように調製された。
比較実施例C2〜C8のマウンティングマットは、以下の組成物から、実施例2で説明したように調製された。
100%シリカベルコテックス(belCoTex)短繊維225、長さ54mm、700℃のキルンで1時間熱処理したもの。
100%Eガラス短繊維、長さ36mm、熱処理せず。
100%Rガラス短繊維、長さ36mm、熱処理せず。
100%Sガラス短繊維、長さ65mm、熱処理せず。
100%シリカベルコテックス(belCoTex)短繊維225、長さ54mm、熱処理せず。
100%シリカベルコテックス(belCoTex)短繊維225、長さ54mm、800℃のキルンで1時間熱処理したもの。
100%シリカベルコテックス(belCoTex)短繊維225、長さ54mm、900℃のキルンで1時間熱処理したもの。
サイクル圧縮試験
サイクル圧縮試験の結果を表1に記載した。
熱機械分析(TMA(Thermal Mechanical Analysisの略)の結果を表2に記す。
以下の組成の膨張性マウンティングマットを作製した。
13.6%Rガラス短繊維、長さ6mm、700度で1時間熱処理したもの
29.2%未膨張バーミキュライト
2.9%バイコンポーネント繊維(トレビラ(TREVIRA)(登録商標)255)
実施例10の膨張性マウンティングマットは、310mm幅の不織機(デンマーク所在のフォームファイバー(Formfiber)から入手したもの)を上述の方法に従って動作して作製した。この機械の成形チャンバは、成形チャンバの上位部に3つのスパイクロール一式を2つ、下位部にも3つのスパイクロール一式を2つ有する構造である。
実施例10の膨張性マットを、マウント密度0.75g/cm3で実装し、300℃で試験した。コンバータアセンブリは、最高振動レベルであるサイクル7に達し、ピーク振動は約1216m/s2であり、このレベルで40分後に破損した。
Claims (16)
- 排ガス処理のための汚染防止装置に1つ以上の汚染防止要素を実装するためのマットであって、ガラス繊維の総重量に基づき10〜30重量%のAl2O3と、52〜65重量%のSiO2とを含有する熱処理されたガラス繊維を含む、マット。
- 前記熱処理されたガラス繊維が、前記ガラス繊維の総重量に基づき1〜12重量%の酸化マグネシウムを更に含む、請求項1に記載のマット。
- 前記熱処理されたガラス繊維が、酸化ナトリウム、酸化カリウム、酸化ホウ素、酸化カルシウム、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される金属酸化物を更に含む、請求項1又は2のいずれか一項に記載のマット。
- 前記熱処理されたガラス繊維が非晶質である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のマット。
- ガラス繊維が、E−ガラス、S−ガラス、S2−ガラス、R−ガラス、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のマット。
- 前記熱処理されたガラス繊維が、4.0μmより大きい直径を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のマット。
- 前記熱処理されたガラス繊維が、約0.1〜約15cmの長さを有するものである、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のマット。
- 前記マットの総重量に基づき、少なくとも5重量%、好ましくは少なくとも10重量%の前記熱処理されたガラス繊維を備える、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載のマット。
- 前記マットが膨張性マットである、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のマット。
- 前記マットが、含浸されたマットである、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のマット。
- 前記マットが、その主たる側面の片側か、又は両側がコーティングされる、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のマット。
- 前記マットが、スクリム又は網目を更に備えるものである、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のマット。
- 触媒のための支持構造及び前記支持構造を納めるケーシング、前記支持構造とケーシングとの間に配置された、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項で定義した熱処理されたガラス繊維を含むマットを備えた汚染防止装置であって、前記繊維が、前記マットが支持構造とケーシングの間に配置される前に熱処理される、汚染防止装置。
- その汚染防止装置がガソリンエンジンの触媒コンバータである、請求項13に記載の汚染防止装置。
- 汚染防止装置に使用されるマウンティングマットを作製する方法であって、
(i)請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載のガラス繊維を、成形ワイヤの上に置かれる開かれた底を有する成形ボックスの入口を通して供給し、前記成形ワイヤの上に繊維のマットを形成する工程であり、前記成形ボックスが、前記入口とハウジング底との間のハウジングに少なくとも一列に備えられた、繊維の凝集を解きほぐすための複数の繊維分離ローラーと、エンドレスベルトスクリーンとを有する、工程と、
(ii)繊維分離ローラーの下及び前記成形ワイヤの上にある前記エンドレスベルトの下位走行部上の繊維の凝集を捉える工程と、
(iii)捉えられた凝集が前記ベルトから解放され、前記ローラーに接触してローラーによって解きほぐされることができるように、繊維分離ローラーの上の前記エンドレスベルト上に捉えられた繊維の凝集を搬送する工程と、
(iv)前記成形ワイヤによって、前記成形ボックスの外に前記繊維のマットを移動する工程と、
(v)前記繊維のマットを圧縮し、前記繊維のマットをその圧縮された状態に拘束し、それによって触媒コンバータのハウジングに汚染防止要素を実装するために好適な望ましい厚さを有するマウンティングマットを得る工程と、を含む、方法。 - 汚染防止装置に使用されるマウンティングマットを作製する方法であって、
(i)ガラス繊維の総重量に基づき10〜30重量%のAl2O3と52〜65重量%のSiO2とを含むガラス繊維を、成形ワイヤの上に置かれた開かれた底を有する成形ボックスの入口を通して供給して、前記成形ワイヤ上に繊維のマットを形成する工程であり、前記成形ボックスが、前記入口とハウジング底との間のハウジングに少なくとも一列に備えられた、繊維の凝集を解きほぐすための複数の繊維分離ローラーと、エンドレスベルトスクリーンと、を有するものである、工程と、
(ii)繊維分離ローラーの下及び前記成形ワイヤの上の前記エンドレスベルトの下位走行部上の繊維の凝集を捉える工程と、
(iii)捉えられた凝集が前記エンドレスベルトから解放され、前記ローラーに接触して前記ローラーによって解きほぐされることができるように、繊維分離ローラーの上の前記エンドレスベルト上に捉えられた繊維の凝集を搬送する工程と、
(iv)前記繊維のマットを、前記成形ワイヤによって前記成形ボックスの外に出して移動する工程と、
(v)前記繊維のマットを圧縮し、前記繊維のマットをその圧縮された状態に拘束し、それにより触媒コンバータのハウジングに汚染防止要素を実装するために好適な望ましい厚さを有するマウンティングマットを得る工程と、
(vi)前記繊維のマットを熱処理に曝す工程と、を含む、方法。
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- 2008-10-07 WO PCT/US2008/079024 patent/WO2009048854A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-10-07 US US12/682,204 patent/US20100209306A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-10-07 KR KR1020107010160A patent/KR101539795B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2008-10-07 EP EP20080837509 patent/EP2212073B1/en active Active
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2013
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Also Published As
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KR20100076014A (ko) | 2010-07-05 |
CN101883666A (zh) | 2010-11-10 |
KR101539795B1 (ko) | 2015-07-27 |
US20100209306A1 (en) | 2010-08-19 |
EP2212073B1 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
WO2009048854A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
US20140154147A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
EP2212073A1 (en) | 2010-08-04 |
JP5646999B2 (ja) | 2014-12-24 |
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