JP2011255994A - Shock absorber for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shock absorber for an elevator, which can safely stop a cage when the elevator is abnormally raised and abnormally lowered even while suppressing a sudden rise in costs.SOLUTION: A bumper 19 which can be vertically expanded and contracted and absorbs impact loads at both of an expansion stroke and a contraction stroke, is arranged in a suspended state in the side part of the cage 7. An upper receiving implement 30 on which the bumper 19 is abutted when the cage 7 goes beyond the highest floor, is arranged in the upper part of a hoistway and a lower receiving implement 33 on which the bumper 19 is abutted when the cage 7 goes beyond the lowest floor, is arranged in the lower part of the hoistway. When the cage 7 goes beyond the highest floor, the bumper 19 abuts on the upper receiving implement 30 thereby absorbing the impact load while stroking to a stretched direction. When the cage 7 goes beyond the lowest floor, the bumper 19 abuts on the lower receiving implement 33 thereby absorbing the impact load while stroking to a compressed direction.

Description

  The present invention relates to a shock absorber for an elevator, and more particularly, when a lifting body moving in a hoistway has passed a steady highest rise position or a steady lowest drop position, the lift and the hoistway top or hoistway bottom collide with each other. The present invention relates to an elevator shock absorber.

  Conventionally, in a so-called traction type elevator, a predetermined top clearance is formed between the upper end of the car frame and the top of the hoistway when the car is stopped at the highest floor, which is the steady highest ascent position. It has become. The top clearance is such that when the car goes over the top floor and the counterweight collides with a shock absorber provided at the bottom of the hoistway, the car may jump upward due to inertia, so the car does not collide with the hoistway top. However, it is desired to make the top clearance as small as possible from the viewpoint of space saving of the hoistway.

  Therefore, as described in Patent Document 1, for example, an elevator apparatus is proposed in which an upper shock absorber is provided at the top of the hoistway in addition to the lower shock absorber provided at the bottom of the hoistway. That is, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, when the car goes too far on the top floor, the car is stopped while alleviating the impact of the car by the upper shock absorber, and the car and the hoistway top are prevented from colliding. Become. As a result, the top clearance can be reduced to save space in the hoistway.

JP 2001-146370 A

  However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to provide shock absorbers at the bottom and the top of the hoistway, which requires a lot of labor and cost for the installation, which is not preferable.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and in particular, an elevator shock absorber capable of preventing a collision between a lifting body and a hoistway top and a hoistway bottom while suppressing an increase in cost. The purpose is to provide.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the lifting body moving up and down in the hoistway passes the steady highest rising position or the steady lowest moving position, the collision between the lifting body and the top of the hoistway or the bottom of the hoistway is detected. In the elevator shock absorber to be blocked, when a shock absorber that can expand and contract in the vertical direction and absorbs an impact load in both expansion and contraction strokes is provided on the side of the lifting body, while the lifting body has passed the steady highest lift position The upper receptacle that contacts the shock absorber is provided at the upper part of the hoistway, and the lower receiver that the shock absorber abuts when the elevating body goes beyond the steady lowest position is provided at the lower part of the hoistway. When it comes into contact with one of the two receivers, it absorbs the impact load while making a stroke in the compression direction, while when it makes contact with the other of the two receivers, it absorbs the impact load while making a stroke in the extending direction. ing It is characterized by a door.

  Specifically, as in the invention described in claim 2, the upper end of the shock absorber is connected to the side portion of the lifting body, while the lower end of the shock absorber becomes a contact portion with the two receiving devices. In the case where a contact member is provided, when the elevating body goes too far from the steady highest position, the shock absorber strokes in the extension direction with the contact between the contact member and the upper support, and the impact load On the other hand, when the elevating body goes too far from the steady lowest position, the shock absorber absorbs an impact load while stroking in the compression direction with the contact between the contact member and the lower support.

  More specifically, as in the invention described in claim 3, both the receivers may be fixed to guide rails for guiding the lifting body.

  That is, in at least the invention described in claim 1, the shock absorber operates to stop the elevator body safely when the elevator body goes too far from the steady highest position or the steady lowest position, Collision between the elevator and the hoistway top and the hoistway bottom is prevented.

  In addition, preferably, as in the invention described in claim 4, while the both receiving members are fixed to each of a pair of left and right guide rails for guiding the elevating body, the shock absorbers are provided on both left and right side portions of the elevating body. Are provided, the buffering force of the shock absorber acts on both right and left sides of the lifting body in a balanced manner, and the tilting of the lifting body in the left-right direction during the operation of the shock absorber can be prevented.

  Further, as in the fifth aspect of the invention, the guide rail has a T-shaped cross section, and the both receiving members are opposed to the side surface of the blade portion protruding to the lifting body side of the guide rail. While having an inclined surface that is inclined in a direction away from the side surface of the blade part toward the contact member side, and when the elevating body travels past the steady highest rise position or the steady lowest drop position, When the contact member enters between the inclined surface of the upper receiver or the lower receiver and the blade portion, and the contact member comes into pressure contact with the blade portion of the guide rail, During operation, the abutting member is positioned in the contact / separation direction with respect to the blade portion of the guide rail, so that the shock absorber operates smoothly.

  Further, as in a sixth aspect of the present invention, the both receiving devices have the inclined surfaces on both sides of the blade portion of the guide rail, and the shock absorber has a blade of the guide rail. The shock absorbers are provided on both sides of the guide rail when the lifting body travels past the steady highest ascent position or the steady lowest position, respectively. When the abutting member sandwiches the blade portion of the guide rail, at least the bending load acting on the guide rail during the operation of the shock absorber can be reduced.

  According to at least the first aspect of the present invention, a shock absorber that absorbs an impact load in both expansion and contraction strokes is provided in the lifting body, and when the lifting body goes over the steady highest rising position, the abnormal lowering goes too far over the steady lowest moving position. Since the shock absorber is sometimes activated, there is no need to separately provide a shock absorber that operates when the temperature rises abnormally and a shock absorber that operates when the temperature drops abnormally, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

Schematic which shows an elevator apparatus as embodiment of this invention. The side view of the cage | basket | car shown in FIG. The enlarged view of the shock absorber shown in FIG. The A arrow directional view of the shock absorber shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between a buffer and an upper receiver, Comprising: The synthetic | combination sectional drawing which overlapped the BB cross section and CC cross section of FIG. The enlarged view which looked at the upper receptacle from the front. The enlarged view which looked at the lower receptacle from the front. The figure which shows the state which the buffer went over the top floor and the buffer act | operated. The figure which shows the state which the buffer went over the lowest floor and the buffer act | operated.

  The elevator apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is of a so-called traction type, and a pair of car guide rails 2 extending in the vertical direction and a pair of counterweight guide rails 3 extending in the vertical direction are provided on the hoistway 1 respectively. Has been. Each of the guide rails 2 and 3 is a so-called T-shaped rail, and a car 7 and a counterweight 16 as a lifting body are respectively guided to the guide rails 2 and 3. A hoisting machine 5 is installed in a machine room 4 provided above the hoistway 1, and a car 7 is placed at one end of a main rope 6 wound around the hoisting machine 5, and a counter is placed at the other end. Each of the weights 16 is fixed. As is well known, by driving the main rope 6 with the hoisting machine 5, the car 7 and the counterweight 16 travel up and down in the hoistway 1.

  On both the left and right sides of the car 7, shock absorbers 19 are provided that operate in contact with the upper receiver 30 or the lower receiver 33 provided at the upper and lower ends of the car guide rail 2. When the car 7 travels over the uppermost floor that is the ascending position or the lowermost floor that is the steady lowest descending position, the car 7 is stopped while buffering the car 7 with the buffer 19 so that the car 7 and the top of the hoistway or A collision with the bottom of the hoistway is prevented. The counterweight guide rails 3 and the counterweight 16 are similarly provided with both receptacles 30 and 33 and the shock absorber 19. Here, the details of the shock absorber 19 provided in the car 7 will be described as a representative example. To do.

  As shown in FIG. 2 in addition to FIG. 1, the car 7 includes a car frame 8 having a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the front, and a car room 12 supported in the car frame 8. As is well known, the car doorway 12a of the car room 12 is opened and closed by a car door 13 driven by a door driving device 14 provided on the car room 12, while the landing doorway 18 is not shown. This door interlocking mechanism is opened and closed by a landing door 17 interlocking with the car door 13. Further, guide devices 15 that engage with the car guide rails 2 and guide the car 7 are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the upper frame 10 and the lower frame 11 described later in the car frame 8.

  The car frame 8 includes a pair of left and right vertical frames 9 extending in the vertical direction, an upper frame 10 that connects the upper ends of the vertical frames 9, and a lower frame 11 that connects the lower ends of the vertical frames 9. Yes. As shown in enlarged views in FIGS. 3 to 5, a pair of shock absorbers 19 are connected to the longitudinal middle portion of the vertical frame 9 in a suspended state. Here, in FIGS. 3 to 5, only one of the vertical frames 9 is illustrated, but a pair of shock absorbers 19 are also attached to the other vertical frame 9 in the same manner. In other words, the car 7 is provided with four shock absorbers 19.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the vertical frame 9 has a substantially U-shaped cross section that opens toward the car guide rail 2, and a shock absorber 19 is provided on the outer surface of both side walls 9 a of the vertical frame 9. A substantially bifurcated bracket portion 9b is provided facing downward. Reinforcing ribs 9c are formed at the respective corner portions formed by the upper surfaces of both bracket portions 9b and the side walls 9a of the vertical frame 9.

  The car guide rail 2 has a base portion 2b fixed to the hoistway 1 by a rail bracket (not shown), and a blade portion 2a that protrudes toward the car 7 from the intermediate portion in the width direction of the base portion 2b and engages with the guide device 15. And. The front end of the blade 2a is covered from three sides by the vertical frame 9, but the front end of the blade 2a is exposed at a position corresponding to a contact block 25 described later on both side walls 9a of the vertical frame 9. A cutout 9d is formed as much as possible.

  The shock absorber 19 is connected to a shock absorber main body 20 that can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction and absorbs an impact load in both expansion and contraction strokes, and a lower end portion of the shock absorber main body 20. And an abutment block 25 as an abutment member that faces and opposes the blade portion 2a.

  The shock absorber body 20 has a cylinder tube 21 filled with a fluid, a piston 22 provided in the cylinder tube 21 so as to be movable up and down, a piston rod 23 extending upward from the piston 22, and a piston 22 interposed therebetween. And a pair of return springs 24 that always hold the piston 22 at the axially intermediate position of the cylinder tube 23, and the piston 21 moves up and down in the cylinder tube 21, The impact force is absorbed by the viscous resistance of the fluid sealed in the cylinder tube 21. Further, the upper end portion of the piston rod 23 is connected to the bracket portion 9b of the vertical frame 9 with a pin 28, and the shock absorber is rotated in the rotation direction around the pin 28, that is, in the contact / separation direction with respect to the blade portion 2a of the car guide rail 2. The main body 20 is rotatable.

  The abutment block 25 includes a block main body 26 formed so as to gradually become narrower in the vertical direction from the vertical intermediate portion, and a bifurcated bracket portion 27 projecting from the upper surface of the block main body 26. The bracket portion 27 and the lower end portion of the cylinder tube 21 are connected by a pin 29. Thereby, the contact block 25 can be rotated in the rotation direction around the pin 29, that is, in the contact / separation direction with respect to the blade portion 2 a of the car guide rail 2.

  The block main body 26 is formed substantially parallel to the side surface of the blade portion 2a of the car guide rail 2 and is in contact with the side surface of the blade portion 2a. The end surface of the block main body 26 on the counter pressure contact surface 26a side. And an upper upper inclined surface 26b formed between the upper end surface and a lower lower inclined surface 26c formed between the end surface of the block main body 26 on the side opposite to the pressure contact surface 24a and the lower end surface. Therefore, when the pressure contact surface 26a comes into contact with the side surface of the blade portion 2a of the car guide rail 2, the axial center direction of the shock absorber body 20 and the moving direction of the car 7 are set to coincide with each other.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6 in addition to FIG. 5, the upper support 30 provided at the upper end of the car guide rail 2 is superposed on the back surface of the base 2 b of the car guide rail 2, for example, bolts and nuts. A substantially rectangular plate-like mounting base 31 fixed to the base 2b by a fastening means (not shown) as represented, and the mounting base 31 protrudes toward the car 7 from both sides across the car guide rail 2 And a pair of projecting portions 32.

  Both projecting portions 32 have a substantially wedge shape that gradually widens upward, and face the side surface of the blade portion 2a of the car guide rail 2 with a predetermined interval while facing the abutment block 25 side, that is, the lower side. It has the inclined surface 32a inclined in the direction which leaves | separates from the side surface of the blade part 2a toward. In other words, the spaces formed between the inclined surfaces 32a of the projecting portions 32 and the blade portions 2a of the car guide rail 2 are gradually widened downward. In addition, the interval between the protruding portions 32 and the blade portion 2a of the car guide rail 2 is set so as to allow passage of the bracket portion 9b of the vertical frame 9 and the shock absorber body 20.

  On the other hand, the lower support 33 provided at the lower end of the car guide rail 2 is mounted on the car guide rail 2 by inverting the same member as the upper support 30 described above, as shown in FIG. is there. That is, the lower receiver 33 includes an attachment base 34 and a pair of protrusions 35 as in the case of the upper receiver 30, and the inclined surface 35 a formed on both protrusions 35 is on the abutment block 25 side, that is, It inclines in the direction away from the side surface of the blade part 2a toward upper direction. In other words, the spaces formed between the inclined surfaces 35a of the projecting portions 35 and the blade portions 2a of the car guide rail 2 are gradually widened upward.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, in the unlikely event that the car 7 travels over the top floor, the gap between the two protruding parts 32 of the upper support 30 and the blade part 2 a of the car guide rail 2 is between. After the shock absorber main bodies 20 of both shock absorbers 19 provided in the vertical frame 9 have passed, the contact blocks 25 of both shock absorbers 19 are connected to both the protrusions 32 of the upper support 30 and the car guide rail 2. Each enters between the blade part 2a.

  When both abutment blocks 25 enter between both projecting portions 32 of the upper receiver 30 and the blade portion 2a of the car guide rail 2, the upper inclined surface 26b of the both abutment blocks 25 and the inclined surface of the upper receiver 30 are provided. The both abutment blocks 25 are pressed in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 8 with the inclined surface contact with 32 a, and the pressure contact surfaces 26 a of both the contact blocks 25 are in pressure contact with the side surfaces of the blade portion 2 a of the car guide rail 2. Become. In other words, the blade portion 2a of the car guide rail 2 is sandwiched between the pair of contact blocks 25 provided on both sides of the blade portion 2a. Accordingly, the upward displacement of both contact blocks 25 is restricted, and both the contact blocks 25 are positioned in the contact / separation direction with respect to the blade portion 2a, so that the axial direction of the shock absorber body 20 and the movement of the car 7 are achieved. The direction matches.

  Then, after the both abutment blocks 25 are received between the projecting portions 32 of the upper support 30 and the blade portion 2a of the car guide rail 2, the car 7 is moved as shown by an arrow E in FIG. When moving further upward, the shock absorbers 20 absorb the impact force while stroking in the extending direction and the car 7 is safely stopped, and the car 7 and the hoistway top are prevented from colliding. . Both shock absorbers 19 that have traveled in the extending direction are restored with the urging force of the return spring 24 by lowering the car 7 and releasing the engagement between the contact block 25 and the upper receiving member 30.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, even when the car 7 runs over the lowest floor, the contact block 25 of both shock absorbers 19 and the both protrusions 35 of the lower support 33 and the car guide rail The two shock absorbers 19 are operated by entering between the two blade portions 2a.

  Specifically, the two abutment blocks 25 are pressed in the direction of arrow F in FIG. 9 with the inclined surface contact between the lower inclined surface 26c of both the abutment blocks 25 and the inclined surface 35a of the lower support 33, and both the abutment blocks are pressed. The 25 pressure contact surfaces 26 a are in pressure contact with the side surfaces of the blade portion 2 a of the car guide rail 2. As a result, further lowering of the both abutting blocks 25 is restricted, and both the abutting blocks 25 are positioned in the contact / separation direction with respect to the blade portion 2a, and the axial direction of the shock absorber body 20 and the moving direction of the car 7 Match.

  Then, as indicated by an arrow G in FIG. 9, the car 7 is further lowered in a state in which both the abutment blocks 25 are received between the both projecting portions 35 of the lower receiving member 33 and the blade portion 2 a of the car guide rail 2. By doing so, the shock absorbers 20 absorb the impact load while stroking in the compression direction, and the car 7 is safely stopped, and the collision between the car 7 and the hoistway bottom is prevented. The two shock absorbers 19 that have stroked in the compression direction are restored with the urging force of the return spring 24 by raising the car 7 and releasing the engagement between the abutment block 25 and the lower receiving member 33.

  8 and 9, only the operation of the pair of shock absorbers 19 provided in one vertical frame 9 of the vertical frames 9 of the car frame 8 is illustrated, but the car 7 is the top floor or the bottom. When the floor is over traveled, the pair of shock absorbers 19 provided in the other vertical frame 9 operate in the same manner. As a result, when each shock absorber 19 is operated, a buffer force acts in a balanced manner in the left-right direction on the car 7, and the car 7 is safely stopped without being tilted in the left-right direction.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the shock absorber 19 that absorbs the impact force in both expansion and contraction strokes is provided on the side of the car 7 so that the car 7 can go over the top floor even when it goes over the bottom floor, However, since the shock absorber 19 is activated, it is not necessary to separately provide a shock absorber that is activated when the car 7 is abnormally raised and a shock absorber that is activated when the car 7 is abnormally lowered, which is advantageous in terms of cost. become.

  Further, since the shock absorber 19 is provided on the side of the car 7, it is not necessary to secure a space for providing the shock absorber in the pit and the top of the hoistway 1, and the pit depth and the top clearance are shortened to move up and down. Space can be saved in the vertical direction of the road 1.

  In addition, since the shock of the car 7 is reduced by the four shock absorbers 19 when the car 7 is abnormally raised and lowered, each shock absorber 19 may be relatively small and the hoistway 1 This is also advantageous in saving space in the horizontal direction.

  Furthermore, when both shock absorbers 19 are actuated, the car guide rail 2 receives a load, but since the car guide rail 2 is provided with contact blocks 25 on both sides of the blade portion 2a, While the bending moments in the longitudinal direction of the car 7 cancel each other, the shock absorbers 19 are provided in the left and right vertical frames 9 of the car 7 to suppress the inclination of the car 7 in the lateral direction when the shock absorber 19 is operated. Therefore, a load in the direction along the longitudinal direction of the car guide rail 2 acts mainly on the car guide rail 2, and the car guide rail 2 can be prevented from being bent and deformed.

  In addition, since the axial center direction of the shock absorber body 20 coincides with the moving direction of the car 7 when the shock absorber 19 is operated, the shock absorber body 20 smoothly strokes to absorb the impact force more effectively. There is also an advantage that you can do it.

  In the present embodiment, each shock absorber 19 is provided in a suspended state. However, each shock absorber 19 is provided in an upward direction, and each shock absorber 19 is stroked in the compression direction when the car 7 passes over the top floor. Of course, each shock absorber 19 can be configured to stroke in the extension direction when the car 7 has passed the lowermost floor.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the shock absorber 19 provided in the car 7 has been described, but it goes without saying that the shock absorber 19 provided in the counterweight 16 also has the same effect.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hoistway 2 ... Car guide rail 2a ... Blade part of car guide rail 7 ... Car (lifting body)
19 ... shock absorber 25 ... contact block (contact member)
30 ... Upper receiver 32a ... Inclined surface of upper receiver 33 ... Lower receiver 35a ... Inclined surface of lower receiver

Claims (6)

In an elevator shock absorber that prevents a collision between the lifting body and the top of the hoistway or the bottom of the hoistway when the lifting body that moves up and down in the hoistway passes the steady highest ascent position or the steady lowest position,
A shock absorber that can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction and absorbs an impact load in both expansion and contraction strokes is provided on the side of the lifting body, while the shock absorber comes into contact when the lifting body has exceeded the steady highest position. The upper part of the hoistway is provided with a lower receiving tool against which the shock absorber comes into contact when the elevating body has passed the steady lowest position.
The shock absorber absorbs an impact load while stroking in the compression direction when abutting against one of the two receivers, while shocking while stroking in the extension direction when abutting with the other of the both receivers A shock absorber for an elevator characterized by absorbing the air. While the upper end of the shock absorber is connected to the side of the lifting body, the lower end of the shock absorber is provided with an abutting member that becomes an abutting portion with the receiver,
When the lifting body goes over the steady highest position, the shock absorber absorbs an impact load while stroking in the extending direction with the contact between the contact member and the upper support, while the lifting body is in the steady lowest position. 2. The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the shock absorber is configured to absorb an impact load while being stroked in a compression direction when the contact member and the lower support come into contact with each other when the overload is exceeded. Elevator shock absorber.   The elevator shock absorber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the both receiving members are fixed to a guide rail for guiding the lifting body.   The lifting body is guided by a pair of guide rails provided on both the left and right sides of the lifting body, and the both receiving tools are fixed to each of the both guide rails. 4. The elevator shock absorber according to claim 3, further comprising a shock absorber. While the guide rail has a T-shaped cross section, the two support members are arranged on the blade portion toward the contact member side while facing the side surface of the blade portion protruding toward the lifting body side of the guide rail. It has an inclined surface inclined in a direction away from the side surface,
When the elevating body travels past the steady highest rise position or the steady lowest drop position, the contact member enters between the inclined surface of the receiving member and the blade portion, and the contact member is connected to the guide rail. The elevator shock absorber according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the shock absorber is in pressure contact with the blade portion. The both receivers have the inclined surfaces on both sides of the blade portion of the guide rail, respectively, and the shock absorbers are provided on both sides of the blade portion of the guide rail,
When the elevating body travels past the steady highest ascending position or the steady lowest descent position, the contact members of the respective shock absorbers provided on both sides of the guide rail blade part sandwich the blade part of the guide rail. The elevator shock absorber according to claim 5, wherein the elevator shock absorber is interposed.

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