JP2011228360A - 太陽電池 - Google Patents
太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2011228360A JP2011228360A JP2010094361A JP2010094361A JP2011228360A JP 2011228360 A JP2011228360 A JP 2011228360A JP 2010094361 A JP2010094361 A JP 2010094361A JP 2010094361 A JP2010094361 A JP 2010094361A JP 2011228360 A JP2011228360 A JP 2011228360A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mott
- solar cell
- solid material
- material layer
- semiconductor
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 aromatic amine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DYIZHKNUQPHNJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxorhenium Chemical compound [Re]=O DYIZHKNUQPHNJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003449 rhenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000005290 antiferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910002367 SrTiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 6
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 3
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012776 electronic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001451 molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- FHCPAXDKURNIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrathiafulvalene Chemical compound S1C=CSC1=C1SC=CS1 FHCPAXDKURNIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007709 ZnTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000011712 cell development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003915 cell function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound NC1(N)CCCCC1 YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001443 photoexcitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;zinc Chemical compound [Se]=[Zn] SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013076 target substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRUMUEUJTSXQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium dioxide Chemical compound O=[V]=O GRUMUEUJTSXQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/0296—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, HgCdTe
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/0304—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/0328—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, semiconductor materials provided for in two or more of groups H01L31/0272 - H01L31/032
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Abstract
【解決手段】 絶縁体もしくは半導体を含む第一固体材料層3と該第一固体材料層3とは異なる型の絶縁体もしくは半導体を含む第二固体材料層5とのp−n接合構造において、少なくとも一方の層の固体材料にモット絶縁体またはモット半導体を用いた太陽電池1。
【選択図】 図1
Description
上記1電子励起を引き起こす材料は1電子バンド描像に適合する固体材料でバンド半導体である。このバンド半導体の代表材料がシリコン半導体やガリウムヒ素などであり現在生産もしくは開発されている太陽電池を担う材料である。
上記に記述された固体材料はモット絶縁体と定義される。ここで、上記記述された固体材料はモット半導体とは通常呼称しない。しかし、今後、モット絶縁体の太陽電池を含む各種の応用が展開するにつれ、電気抵抗の低いモット絶縁体をモット半導体と定義される可能性があるので、本明細書においてはモット半導体との呼称も用いた。
以下、図面に基づいて本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
図1に示す太陽電池1の一態様では、太陽光を受光する面に形成された第一電極7とその下部にp型もしくはn型の絶縁体もしくは半導体からなる第一固体材料層3と、その下部に第一固体材料層3とは異なる型の絶縁体もしくは半導体からなる第二固体材料層5を形成し、前記二つの層3,5はp−n接合を形成し、第二固体材料層5は電極の機能を兼ねた構造を備えている。ここで、第一固体材料と第二固体材料のうち、少なくとも一方の固体材料がモット絶縁体またはモット半導体である。
このような太陽電池を採用した場合、太陽光によって励起された電子状態は従来の励起電子とその様相が全く異なる。ほとんどのモット絶縁体またはモット半導体は、磁気秩序状態を伴うからである。さらに、励起された電子スピンは磁気秩序状態(磁気モーメント)と互いに密接に影響しあう結果、その基底状態にある磁気構造をも強く影響を与え、その結果励起状態の電子もその変化した磁気構造から強く影響されることになる。
この特徴を捉えたのが、次式に示す二重交換模型である:
式(1)が含むHSとして,次のような形をとることにより、強磁性金属状態への一次転移不安定性をもつ反強磁性絶縁状態を基底状態にとることが出来る:
この反強磁性(絶縁体)状態において電子系を励起し、その緩和過程を数値シミュレーションで定量的に詳細に調べた結果、その終状態に強磁性的な金属状態が出現することが見出される。ここでは、全系のエネルギー散逸の効果を、局在スピンの運動のギルバート緩和項で取り込んでいる。すなわち、格子点iの局在スピンに働く有効磁場を
LnxA1−xBO3 (1)
LnAB2O6 (2)
Ln1−xA1+xBO4 (3)
Ln2−2xA1+2xB2O7 (4)
Ln2−xAxBO4 (5)
A2BO3 (6)
A2BO4 (7)
A2BO2Cl2 (8)
(Lnはランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、サマリウム、エルビウム、ツリウム、イッテルビウムおよびルテチウムからなる群より選択される1種または2種以上の希土類元素であり、Aは、ベリリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウムおよびバリウムからなる群より選択される1種または2種以上のアルカリ土類金属元素であり、Bは、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、銅、亜鉛、ニオブ、モリブデン、ルテニウム、ロジウム、カドミウム、インジウム、スズ、タンタル、タングステン、レニウム、オスミウム、イリジウム及び白金からなる群より選択される1種または2種以上の遷移金属元素である。Oは酸素元素、Clは塩素元素である。xは0≦x≦1である。)であってもよい。
本明細書において、「絶縁体または半導体」とは、モット絶縁体またはモット半導体のみならず、励起電子が1光量子あたり1電子である従来公知のバンド半導体を含む。
したがって異なる型の絶縁体または半導体の接合構造としては、例えば、n型モット絶縁体とp型バンド半導体、n型モット絶縁体とp型モット絶縁体、p型モット絶縁体とn型バンド半導体、p型モット絶縁体とn型モット絶縁体等の組み合わせを挙げることができる。
n型モット絶縁体としては特に限定されないが、例えば、SrMnO3,CaMnO3、Ln2CuO4(Ln=ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム等の希土類元素)、酸化タングステン(WO3)等が挙げられる。
p型モット絶縁体としては、酸素過剰またはLn欠損したLnMnO3、Ln1−xAxMnO3(Aは2価のアルカリ土類金属元素)、La2CuO4、酸化バナジウム(VO2)、酸化クロム(Cr2O3)等が挙げられる。
n型バンド半導体としては、Si:As,Si:Sb、SrTiO3:Nb、TiO2、ZnO,ZnO:Al,ZnO:I,ZnS,ZnSe,CdS、CdSe等が挙げられる。
p型バンド半導体としては、Si;B,Si;Al,ZnTe,Cu2O,Cu2S,Cu2Te,CuO,Cu(In,Ga)3Se5などのCu−In−Se系,InP等が挙げられる。
またGaAsやCdTeはn型、p型バンド半導体になりうる。
p−n接合を形成する絶縁体または半導体において、用いる遷移金属元素は、異なっていても、同じであってもよい。
各層の成膜方法としては特に限定されず、例えば、パルスレーザー堆積法(PLD)法、レーザーアブレーション法、分子線エピタキシー法(MBE法)、スパッタリング法、プラズマCVD法、有機金属気相成長法(MOCVD法)、スピンコート法、インクジェット法等を採用することができる。
第一固体材料層がモット絶縁体またはモット半導体を含む場合、当該層の厚さとしては、通常、モット絶縁体またはモット半導体の吸収係数ならびに空乏層幅と拡散長の和で定義される有効厚みとの兼ね合いで4A(Aはオングストローム)〜10000Aであり、太陽光特に可視光域の波長の光が透過し第二固体材料層に到達することを想定する場合、例えば、数A〜100A程度とすることができる。
また、光の受光面において光集光効果を高めるために凹凸の表面構造を備えた太陽電池であってもよい。
(実施の形態2)
3 第一固体材料層
5 第二固体材料層
7 第一電極
9 第一補助電極
11 第二電極
13 第二補助電極
30 磁気構造
31 格子点
32 局在スピン
Claims (10)
- p型もしくはn型の絶縁体または半導体を含む第一固体材料層と、該第一固体材料層とは異なる型の絶縁体もしくは半導体を含む第二固体材料層との接合構造を含む太陽電池であって、前記第一固体材料層および前記第二固体材料層のうち、少なくとも一方の層の固体材料がモット絶縁体またはモット半導体である太陽電池。
- 前記第二固体材料層上に前記第一固体材料層を備え、
前記第一固体材料層上の太陽光を受光する面に第一電極を備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池。 - 前記第二固体材料層の前記第一固体材料層と接する側とは反対側に第二電極をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第一固体材料層と前記第二固体材料層とのp−n接合構造を2個以上備え、該p−n接合構造同士が直列に接続されている請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の太陽電池。
- 太陽電池の受光面において凹凸の表面構造を備える請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の太陽電池。
- 前記モット絶縁体またはモット半導体が、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、銅、亜鉛、ニオブ、モリブデン、ルテニウム、ロジウム、カドミウム、インジウム、スズ、タンタル、タングステン、レニウム、オスミウム、イリジウム及び白金からなる群から選択される1種または2種以上の遷移金属元素を含む請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載の太陽電池。
- 前記モット絶縁体またはモット半導体が、下記一般式(1)ないし(8):
LnxA1−xBO3 (1)
LnAB2O6 (2)
Ln1−xA1+xBO4 (3)
Ln2−2xA1+2xB2O7 (4)
Ln2−xAxBO4 (5)
A2BO3 (6)
A2BO4 (7)
A2BO2Cl2 (8)
(Lnは、ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、サマリウム、ユーロピウム、ガドリニウム、テルビウム、ジスプロシウム、ホロミウム、エルビウム、ツリウム、イッテルビウムおよびルテチウムからなる群より選択される1種または2種以上の希土類元素であり、Aは、ベリリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウムおよびバリウムからなる群より選択される1種または2種以上のアルカリ土類金属元素であり、Bは、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、銅、亜鉛、ニオブ、モリブデン、ルテニウム、ロジウム、カドミウム、インジウム、スズ、タンタル、タングステン、レニウム、オスミウム、イリジウム及び白金からなる群より選択される1種または2種以上の遷移金属元素である。Oは酸素元素、Clは塩素元素である。xは0≦x≦1である。)
で表される無機化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載の太陽電池。 - 前記モット絶縁体またはモット半導体が、酸化バナジウム、酸化ニオブ、酸化タンタル、酸化クロム、酸化モリブデン、酸化タングステンまたは酸化レニウムのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載の太陽電池。
- 前記モット絶縁体またはモット半導体が、芳香族アミン化合物、カルバゾール誘導体、芳香族炭化水素、高分子化合物、および、電荷移動錯体からなる群より選択される1種または2種以上の有機化合物である請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載の太陽電池。
- 前記電荷移動錯体が、遷移金属(M)とハロゲン(X)とが交互に並んだ擬一次元ハロゲン架橋金属錯体[MX錯体]もしくは擬一次元ハロゲン架橋複核金属錯体[MMX錯体]、または、テトラチアフルバレン[TTF]とクロラニル[CA]とからなる擬一次元電荷移動錯体であることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の太陽電池。
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EP2319088A1 (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2011-05-11 | Solar Implant Technologies Inc. | Formation of solar cell-selective emitter using implant and anneal method |
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2010
- 2010-04-15 JP JP2010094361A patent/JP2011228360A/ja active Pending
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2011
- 2011-04-07 US US13/081,878 patent/US20110253204A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2003324206A (ja) * | 2002-04-30 | 2003-11-14 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 紫外線を電力に変換する光電池及びその製造方法 |
JP2004172167A (ja) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-06-17 | Zenji Hiroi | 遷移金属酸化物太陽電池 |
US20100071751A1 (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-03-25 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Photo-induced metal-insulator-transition material complex for solar cell, solar cell and solar cell module comprising the same |
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JP2014175554A (ja) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-22 | Seiko Epson Corp | 光電変換素子及び太陽電池セル |
JP2017005091A (ja) * | 2015-06-09 | 2017-01-05 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 酸化物半導体薄膜、半導体素子、光電変換素子、太陽電池、及び酸化物半導体薄膜の製造方法 |
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