JP2011212539A - Deodorizing system and method of using deodorizing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system that efficiently deodorizes a malodorous component mixed with a large amount of moisture represented by a garbage processor of drying system at a low temperature.SOLUTION: The deodorizing system is integrated with a deodorant filled filter where a porous inorganic system adsorbent in which a moisture adsorbent is contained is filled inside a frame that can suck and exhaust the same adsorbent and a microwave irradiation device ventilated to the deodorizing filter installed at a position capable of directly perform irradiation.

Description

  The present invention relates to a deodorizing system used for efficiently deodorizing malodorous components released together with moisture (steam) and a method of using the deodorizing system.

  The deodorization system mechanism for malodorous components released together with moisture represented by garbage disposal machines includes a deodorization system with an adsorption mechanism that uses a deodorant such as activated carbon as a filter, a heater and a catalyst filter. There is a catalyst deodorization system that decomposes and removes odors at high temperatures (for example, see Patent Document 1). However, it is known from the mechanism of activated carbon that if a certain amount of odorous components are adsorbed in the pores inside the activated carbon, the adsorption capacity is extremely reduced. In addition, since the adsorptive power in the pores in the activated carbon particles is almost determined by the boiling point peculiar to the odor component, there is a problem that the adsorbed odor component is re-released due to a temperature rise or wind flow. In addition, for a catalyst system using a heater, since it takes time to raise the temperature to the temperature at which the catalyst is activated, the power cost increases in addition to practical problems such as the deodorizing effect being difficult to feel. In addition, a cooling mechanism for the gas heated by the heater has to be provided, and there is a problem that the device design becomes difficult.

  On the other hand, as a garbage disposal system in a dry-type garbage disposal machine, a system utilizing microorganisms or a system utilizing microwaves (see, for example, Patent Document 2) has been put into practical use. The problem of lowering the temperature is being solved. However, regarding the treatment of odor generated from garbage, the problem has not been solved yet, and an efficient deodorization system is being sought.

  A system using a microwave as in Patent Document 2 is suitable for selectively heating moisture to reduce evaporation. Although proposals have been made to apply microwaves for deodorization by applying this technique (see, for example, Patent Document 3), the filter substrate is actually only irradiated with microwaves on the deodorizer or catalyst. It was not possible to activate by sufficiently generating heat, and this method also had a problem.

  In addition, a deodorization system that heats and regenerates deodorization performance by irradiating a filter filled with a deodorizer with microwaves has also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 4). Similarly to Patent Document 3, this system cannot perform heating sufficient for regeneration of the deodorant only by microwave irradiation, so that odor molecules are driven out from the pores inside the adsorbent by gentle heating. Only the effect of is obtained.

JP 2004-89860 A JP 2001-296028 A JP 7-227420 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-19454

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a system for efficiently deodorizing malodorous components mixed with a large amount of moisture at a low temperature.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the following deodorizing system was invented.
(1) At a position where a porous inorganic adsorbent containing a hygroscopic agent can be directly irradiated to a deodorant-filled filter filled inside a frame capable of intake and exhaust, and a deodorant-filled filter in a state where ventilation is used. A deodorizing system in which an installed microwave irradiation device is integrated.

  (2) A method of using a deodorization system that removes odor by ventilating a microwave while irradiating microwaves to the deodorant-filled filter of the deodorization system of (1).

  In order to efficiently deodorize malodorous components containing a large amount of water, the porous inorganic adsorbent, which is a deodorizing agent, and a hygroscopic agent coexist, and the odorous component and moisture are trapped together in the deodorant-filled filter. It is characterized by improving the deodorizing effect. We have invented a deodorization system that can generate heat rapidly by the action of microwaves on adsorbed moisture, and that can decompose and remove odor components coexisting at the same adsorption site. This system enables efficient deodorization without making the inside of the apparatus unnecessarily high. Moreover, since the porous inorganic type adsorbent usually used as an adsorbing material works like a catalyst as a reaction field, it has been found that a synergistic effect that the deodorant can be used for a long time is also obtained.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of the deodorizing system used by the Example and comparative example of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the deodorization system of the garbage processing machine of this invention is demonstrated concretely. Hereinafter, the “deodorization system” may be abbreviated as “system”.

  The hygroscopic agent in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a function capable of adsorbing at least water, but is preferably a compound that chemically adsorbs water and maintains a solid state even when moisture is absorbed. Examples of such compounds include metal oxides, metal inorganic acid salts and organic acid salts, and the like. Among the metal oxides, alkaline earth metal oxides are preferable, and sulfate is preferably used as the inorganic acid salt.

Examples of the alkaline earth metal oxide include calcium oxide (CaO), barium oxide (BaO), magnesium oxide (MgO), and strontium oxide (SrO). Examples of the sulfate include lithium sulfate (Li ₂ SO ₄ ), sodium sulfate (Na ₂ SO ₄ ), calcium sulfate (CaSO ₄ ), magnesium sulfate (MgSO ₄ ), cobalt sulfate (CoSO ₄ ), and gallium sulfate (Ga ₂ ). (SO ₄ ) ₃ ), titanium sulfate (Ti (SO ₄ ) ₂ ), nickel sulfate (NiSO ₄ ), and the like. In addition, silica gel, calcium carbonate, lithium chloride, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, lithium hydroxide and the like can also be used as suitable materials as the hygroscopic agent of the present invention.

  The porous inorganic adsorbent according to the present invention is basically insoluble or hardly soluble in water, and preferably has water resistance that does not collapse even when immersed in water. Examples of such deodorizers include ceramic materials using high silica zeolite, alumina and the like as aggregates. Further, for example, activated carbon, activated clay, zeolite, alumina, silica gel, activated alumina, clay mineral and the like can be mentioned. Among these, zeolite, alumina, activated carbon, and clay mineral are preferably used.

  When using activated carbon, the raw materials include, for example, plant raw materials such as wood powder and coconut husk, coal such as anthracite, petroleum pitch, coke, petroleum raw materials, acrylic resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, polyester resin, etc. Synthetic resin-based raw materials can be mentioned, among which coal such as coconut shell coal, anthracite coal, petroleum pitch, and coke obtained from coconut shell is preferable. These activated carbon raw materials are activated, for example, in a fixed bed, a moving bed, a fluidized bed or the like. The activation includes, for example, gas activation using water vapor, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, etc., chemical activation using chemicals such as alkali, acid or zinc chloride, etc., but the activated carbon used in the present invention. May be activated by any of them.

  As the porous inorganic adsorbent according to the present invention, even a clay mineral can be preferably used, and the odorous substance adsorbed on the hydrophilic surface is easily removed by moisture and used as a deodorant suitable for regeneration. be able to. For example, the chemical composition contains constituent metal components such as Al, Fe, Mg, Zn, etc. with silica as the main component, and the shape is a layer forming a tetrahedral crystal (tetracoordinate layer) or a layer forming an octahedral crystal ( 6-coordination layer) is a material mainly composed of layered silicate (phyllosilicate) having a layered structure in which unit layers are laminated. Specifically, talc, kaolinite, sepiolite, bentonite, activated bentonite, Examples thereof include porous inorganic adsorbents mainly composed of hectorite, montmorillonite, acid-treated montmorillonite, activated clay, phosphoric acid-impregnated activated clay, stevensite, amicite, and fly pontoite. These may be natural products, modified products, synthetic products, or composite products.

  Activated clay is a porous inorganic adsorbent obtained by treating sulfuric acid with clay called acid clay or fuller earth, and is mainly composed of montmorillonite. Zeolite generally refers to a hydrous aluminosilicate, using sodium silicate as a silica source, aluminum hydroxide or the like as an alumina source, and an inorganic porous material obtained by drying a gel made from these and an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. It is a porous carrier and has selectivity for molecular sieving action and polar molecules. Silica gel is an inorganic porous carrier obtained by treating an aqueous sodium silicate solution with sulfuric acid to form a gel and washing and removing the sodium sulfate with water, and has selectivity for polar molecules. Activated alumina is a porous inorganic adsorbent obtained by heating and dehydrating alumina trihydrate, and has selectivity for polar molecules.

  In general, clay minerals are present in which several to several tens of unit layers expressed as a two-layer or three-layer structure are laminated. In this way, a unit layer is not laminated, but in a matrix composed of silica fine particles or the like. A clay mineral in which the unit layer is dispersed and the adsorption surface area of the clay mineral is expanded is synthesized, which is preferable as the porous inorganic adsorbent of the present invention.

  The porous inorganic adsorbent used in the present invention may be an amphoteric adsorbent having both a solid acidic site and a solid basic site, such as basic odor components such as ammonia and trimethylamine, and hydrogen sulfide and isovaleric acid. Both acidic odor components can be efficiently deodorized.

  The porous inorganic adsorbent is preferably used after being molded into a granular shape, a powdery shape, a pellet shape, a tablet shape, a spherical shape, or a granular shape. Among these, pellet-shaped and spherical adsorbents are easy to obtain air permeability, and are advantageously used in system design such as fan power.

  The mass ratio of the hygroscopic agent / porous inorganic adsorbent is preferably 1/100 to 50/100, more preferably 5/100 to 30/100, and still more preferably 10/100 to 20/100. If the mass ratio is less than 1/100, sufficient hygroscopicity may not be obtained, and the heating effect due to microwave irradiation may not be obtained. On the other hand, when the mass ratio is larger than 50/100, the strength of the carrier is not sufficiently obtained, which may cause collapse and powder falling.

  When the hygroscopic agent is supported on the porous inorganic adsorbent, it can be obtained by impregnating the porous inorganic adsorbent in a liquid in which the hygroscopic agent is dispersed or dissolved.

  In the present invention, the deodorant-filled filter is formed by filling a porous inorganic adsorbent into a frame capable of intake and exhaust. The frame that can be sucked and exhausted is preferably made of a microwave permeable material. When microwaves are irradiated, the microwaves pass through the frame and are irradiated to the internal deodorizer. With respect to the ventilation direction, it is preferable to use a material having a high air permeability as much as possible in a ventilation cross section at two locations corresponding to the inlet side and the outlet side as a structure that does not drop the deodorant filled inside. For example, a net-like resin or a heat-resistant nonwoven fabric is used.

  As the microwave, for example, a microwave having a frequency of 1 to 10 GHz and an output of 100 to 1000 W can be used. Generally, 2.45 GHz is used. It is preferable to arrange the magnetron so that the microwave is uniformly irradiated to the entire porous inorganic adsorbent.

  The microwave irradiating device may have any configuration as long as it can irradiate the deodorant-filled filter with microwaves. For example, the microwave irradiating device may include a magnetron and its control means. Further, the ventilation means may have any configuration as long as it can ventilate the air. For example, a fan can be used.

  The deodorization system of the present invention preferably includes at least a deodorizer-filled filter, a microwave irradiation device, and ventilation means, and is provided in the deodorization device. An example of the deodorizing system of this invention is demonstrated using FIG. The deodorizing system of the present invention includes a deodorant-filled filter 3 in which a deodorant 2 is filled in a frame capable of intake and exhaust, a fan 6 having a rotary shaft 8 for performing intake and exhaust on the deodorant-filled filter 3, and a deodorizer. It is comprised from the microwave irradiation apparatus 1 for irradiating the filling filter 3 with a microwave. The periphery of the deodorant-filled filter 3 is covered with a microwave shielding material 5, but a microwave transmission window 4 is installed between the microwave irradiation device 1 and the deodorant-filled filter 3, and the microwave is Direct irradiation is possible. The deodorizer-filled filter 3 is in a ventilation state in the direction of the wind direction 7.

  As the microwave transmission window 4, in addition to resin materials such as polystyrene, polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), materials such as ceramic materials using glass, ceramics, high silica zeolite, alumina, etc. as aggregates are used. can do. As the microwave shielding material 5, materials such as a composite magnetic material, a ferrite sintered body, and an electromagnetic wave absorbing sheet can be used.

  In the method of using the deodorization system of the present invention, the odor removal is performed by ventilating the filter while irradiating the deodorizer-filled filter of the present invention with microwaves. When heating the porous inorganic adsorbent by irradiating microwaves, it is preferable to irradiate the porous inorganic adsorbent at a temperature of 500 ° C. or lower. If the temperature is higher than this, the porous inorganic adsorbent itself may be altered, burned, etc., and the adsorption capacity may be reduced. Moreover, when a porous inorganic adsorbent contains carbon, it is preferable to irradiate a microwave so that it may become 350 degrees C or less. The temperature of the porous inorganic adsorbent during irradiation is particularly preferably 50 to 200 ° C.

  The microwave irradiation time varies depending on the type of the porous inorganic adsorbent, the amount of odorous substance, the frequency and output of the microwave, etc., but for continuous irradiation, for example, the irradiation time of 1 to 20 minutes Is preferred. When the treatment time is long, it is also effective to intermittently combine the irradiation time (heat decomposition) and the irradiation stop time (deodorization by adsorption of the deodorant).

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited to this Example.

Preparation Example 1
A deodorizing agent obtained by using coconut shell activated carbon as a porous inorganic adsorbent, further using calcium oxide as a hygroscopic agent, and extruding the raw material mixed with these into a pellet shape having a diameter of 3 mmφ, followed by firing. The deodorizer-filled filter of Preparation Example 1 was filled by filling 50 g into an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer resin frame (volume: about 130 cc) having a ventilation cross section of 60 mmφ and a ventilation length of 50 mm. did. The mass ratio of the coconut shell activated carbon and the moisture absorbent contained in the deodorizer after firing was adjusted to 80:20, and the coconut shell activated carbon was a material having a specific surface area of 1200 m ² / g.

Preparation Example 2
A high-silica zeolite is used as a porous inorganic adsorbent, and calcium oxide is further used as a hygroscopic agent. The deodorizer-filled filter of Preparation Example 2 was prepared by filling 50 g into an ABS copolymer resin frame (volume: about 130 cc) having a ventilation cross section of 60 mmφ and a ventilation length of 50 mm. The mass ratio of the high silica zeolite and the hygroscopic agent contained in the deodorizer after calcination was adjusted to 80:20, and the high silica zeolite was a material having a specific surface area of 1500 m ² / g.

Preparation Example 3
Using coconut shell activated carbon as the porous inorganic adsorbent, extruding this raw material into a pellet shape with a diameter of 3 mmφ, and baking it, deodorizer is made of ABS with a cross-sectional size of 60 mmφ and a ventilation length of 50 mm. The deodorizer-filled filter of Preparation Example 3 was prepared by filling 50 g in a copolymer resin frame (volume: about 130 cc). As the coconut shell activated carbon, a material having a specific surface area of 1200 m ² / g was used.

Preparation Example 4
A high-silica zeolite is used as a porous inorganic adsorbent, and this raw material is extruded into a pellet shape having a diameter of 3 mm. The deodorizer-filled filter of Preparation Example 4 was obtained by filling 50 g in a copolymer resin frame (volume: about 130 cc). As the high silica zeolite, a material having a specific surface area of 1500 m ² / g was used.

Example 1
The deodorant filling filter of Preparation Example 1 and the microwave generator were arranged in the positional relationship shown in FIG.

Example 2
The deodorant filling filter of Preparation Example 2 and the microwave generator were arranged in the positional relationship shown in FIG.

Comparative Example 1
The deodorant filling filter of Preparation Example 3 and the microwave generator were arranged in the positional relationship shown in FIG.

Comparative Example 2
The deodorizing system of Comparative Example 2 was obtained by arranging the filter of Preparation Example 4 and the microwave generator in the positional relationship shown in FIG.

<Test method for deodorization performance>
The deodorizing performance of each deodorizing system produced in the examples and comparative examples was evaluated by the method described below. The temperature and humidity conditions of the test gas were high temperature and high humidity conditions of a temperature of 60 ° C. and a humidity of 95%, which are close to the exhaust gas from the garbage processing machine. Furthermore, the mixture was prepared so that acetaldehyde and ammonia were each 10 ppm and used as a test gas. The test gas was adjusted in air volume so that the SV value was 15000 (wind speed: about 0.2 m / sec), and the deodorizing effect by the filter was evaluated. Note that the test operation system performs test gas supply and microwave irradiation for 20 minutes, and for 10 minutes after the lapse of 20 minutes, only air having a humidity of 95% not containing odorous gas is ventilated. Irradiation was also turned off, and the cooling time was 30 minutes as one cycle.

<Initial performance and durability of removal rate>
Examples and Comparative Examples: Applying a gas load to the filter by the above test method, the removal rate of each gas 2 minutes after the start of one cycle is the initial performance, and the removal rate of each gas after 30 cycles is the durability performance The performance of each deodorizing system was confirmed. A gas detector tube (manufactured by Gastec Corporation) was used for each gas detection.

<Sensory evaluation of odor intensity>
By the above test method, the odor intensity at the exhaust port 5 minutes after the start of the 30-cycle operation was evaluated according to the 6-step odor intensity standard based on the human sense of smell.

* Criteria for the 6-step odor intensity method *
Judgment: Odor intensity level 0: Odorless 1: Scent that can be finally detected 2: Slightly scent that can be detected 3: Smell that can be easily detected 4: Strong odor 5: Strong odor

  Since it is deodorization by gas adsorption, a clear difference in the removal rate is not recognized in the initial evaluation results in which there are sufficient adsorption sites inside the deodorant. However, in the deodorizing system of the example, since the odor is decomposed by the heat generated when the moisture by the moisture absorbent is irradiated with the microwave, most of the adsorption sites inside the adsorbent can take in a new odor. It remains as a possible void. For this reason, in the endurance test, it can be seen that the removal rate of the comparative example is greatly reduced, while the removal rate of the example is lower than the initial value, but maintains high efficiency. Also in the sensory evaluation results, the sample of the example felt that the generated odor was felt smaller than that of the sample of the comparative example, and not only the removal rate but also an effect that can be sensed by human senses. It was confirmed that a synergistic effect was also obtained in the deodorizing function due to the interaction between the moisture taken in by the moisture absorbent and the microwave.

  The deodorizing system and the method of using the deodorizing system of the present invention are not limited to garbage disposal machines, but also household and commercial air conditioning related equipment, air purification fields such as factory exhaust treatment, The present invention can also be applied to deodorizers or deodorizers for commercial use such as livestock industry and food processing industry.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Microwave irradiation apparatus 2 Deodorant 3 Deodorant filling filter 4 Microwave transmission window 5 Microwave shielding material 6 Fan 7 Wind direction 8 Rotating shaft

Claims (2)

  A porous inorganic adsorbent containing a hygroscopic agent is installed at a position where it can be directly irradiated to a deodorant-filled filter filled inside a frame that can absorb and exhaust air, and a deodorant-filled filter in a state where ventilation is used. A deodorizing system characterized by being integrated with a microwave irradiation device.   The use method of the deodorizing system which removes an odor by ventilating while irradiating a microwave to the deodorant filling filter of the deodorizing system of Claim 1.

Images