JP2011212533A - Fixed blade unit, and crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fixed blade unit capable of stably and efficiently performing crushing treatment by reducing the load applied to a crushing rotor, and a crusher.SOLUTION: The fixed blade unit 33 includes chip-like fixed blades 30, of which the V-shaped edges are meshed with the rotary blades fixed to the crushing rotor to shear and crush an object to be crushed, and a fixed blade support member 32, which has attaching seats 31 for individually supporting the respective fixed blades 30 arranged and formed thereto along the axial core direction of the crushing rotor, and attached to a base plate so that at least the leading end of the base plate on the side of the edges of the fixed blades 30 is separated from the rotary blades. First guide surfaces 40 for separating the shorn and crushed object to be crushed from the gaps between the edges of the respective fixed blades 30 toward the leading end edge of the base plate accompanied by the rotation of the rotary blades are formed to the fixed blade support member 32 and the load applied to the crushing rotor is reduced.

Description

  The present invention relates to a fixed blade unit and a crushing device.

  As described in Patent Document 1, the uniaxial shear crushing apparatus includes a hopper for feeding a material to be crushed, a crushing processing unit disposed below the hopper, and a material to be crushed from a horizontal direction toward the crushing processing unit. A pressing mechanism or the like for pressing is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the crushing processing unit 100 includes a tip V-shaped rotary blade 103 fixed to a groove 102 formed in the circumferential direction on the peripheral surface of a crushing rotor 101 that rotates around a predetermined axis, A fixed V-shaped blade 104 is disposed opposite to the crushing rotor 101 in the axial direction and meshes with the rotary blade 103 to shear and crush the object to be crushed. A broken line 103a in FIG. 13 represents the locus of the cutting edge of the rotary blade 103.

  The rotary blade 103 is mounted on a rotary blade mounting seat 105 disposed in a zigzag shape in the axial direction in the groove portion 102 of the crushing rotor 101, and a single chip-like rotary blade 103 with a side of about several tens of mm is attached to the fixed blade. 104 is fixed to a mounting seat formed on a fixed blade mounting member 107 fixed to a platform 108 disposed opposite to the crushing rotor 101.

  The fixed blade 104 is formed of a material having an appropriate hardness in order to crush the object to be crushed in cooperation with the rotary blade 103, but the fixed blade mounting member 107 is formed of a relatively inexpensive material. Therefore, it is not as hard as a fixed blade and is supported by the base plate 108.

JP 2010-17638 A

  However, if the object to be crushed accumulates on the area 109 between the adjacent mounting seats of the fixed blade mounting member 107 and the hatched area on the surface 110 between the adjacent fixed blades 104 of the base plate 108, the deposits become the rotary blade 103. May cause an abnormally high load on the rotary blade 103, the crushing rotor 101, and the speed change mechanism that transmits power to the crushing rotor, and hinder smooth crushing processing. There is also a risk of damage to the mechanism and the like.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a fixed blade unit and a crushing device that can reduce the load applied to the crushing rotor and perform stable and efficient crushing processing.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first characteristic configuration of the fixed blade unit according to the present invention is a V-shape arrayed and fixed on the peripheral surface of the crushing rotor as described in claim 1 of the claims. A fixed blade having a V-shaped cutting edge that meshes with a rotary blade having a cutting edge to shear and crush the object to be crushed, and a mounting seat that supports the fixed blade along the axial direction of the crushing rotor. A fixed blade unit that is attached to the base plate in a single or plural manner so that the tip of the base plate is separated from the rotary blade from at least the blade edge of the fixed blade,
A first guide surface that detaches the sheared and crushed object from a lateral space from the blade base side to the blade tip side of the fixed blade toward the tip edge of the platform as the rotary blade rotates. Is formed on the fixed blade support member.

  According to the above-described configuration, the object to be crushed by the rotary blade and the fixed blade is cut along the first guide surface formed on the fixed blade support member along with the rotation of the rotary blade. Since it is separated from the side space from the original to the cutting edge toward the leading edge of the table, the resistance to rotation of the rotary blade can be reduced, and stable and efficient crushing can be performed.

  In the second feature configuration, as described in claim 2, in addition to the first feature configuration described above, the first guide surface is formed so that one end thereof is connected to the upper edge of the base plate. It is in the point.

  According to the above-described configuration, since the one end portion of the first guide surface is formed so as to be continuous with the upper edge of the base plate, the stepped portion is such that the object to be crushed accumulates on the first guide surface and the base plate. Can be eliminated.

  In the third feature configuration, in addition to the first or second feature configuration described above, the fixed blade is formed in the shape of a quadrangular prism, and the mounting seat is configured as described above. The tip of the fixed blade support member is formed in a rectangular concave shape that supports at least the entire bottom surface of the fixed blade, and the first guide surface is formed on the side of the mounting seat of the fixed blade support member, and the fixed blade There exists in the point comprised by the notch surface formed along the thickness direction of the blade, and the inclined surface which continues with the said notch surface and continues with the upper end edge of the said base from the blade base side of the said fixed blade.

  According to the above-described configuration, even when a large load is applied to the chip-shaped fixed blade during the crushing process, it can be firmly supported by the rectangular concave mounting seat that supports the entire bottom surface of the fixed blade, and the mounting seat is further formed. Since the blade support member is supported by the base plate, sufficient mechanical strength can be ensured even when the chip-shaped fixed blade and the fixed blade support member are formed thin. Moreover, the sheared and crushed object is quickly and smoothly transferred to the upper edge of the base plate along the inclined surface from the side space from the blade base side to the blade tip side of the fixed blade as the rotary blade rotates. Will be disengaged.

  In the fourth feature configuration, as described in claim 4, in addition to the third feature configuration described above, an angle formed by the inclined surface and the bottom surface of the fixed blade is in a range of 45 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees. There is a point.

  According to the above-described configuration, the angle between the inclined surface and the bottom surface of the fixed blade is set in a range of 45 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees, thereby reducing the drag in the counter-rotating direction received from the inclined surface, With this rotation, the object to be crushed can be smoothly separated along the inclined surface. In addition, since the space formed between the rotary blade and the fixed blade support member gradually increases with the rotation of the rotary blade, the object to be crushed can be smoothly detached.

  In the fifth feature configuration, as described in claim 5, in addition to the third or fourth feature configuration described above, a blade base side of the notch surface formed in the fixed blade support member is formed in a curved surface. The curvature radius of the curved surface is greater than 0 and equal to or less than ¼ of the length of one side of the blade portion of the fixed blade.

  According to the above-described configuration, the curvature radius of the curved surface formed on the blade base side of the notch surface formed in the fixed blade support member is sufficiently smaller than the length of the blade portion of the fixed blade, and the blade of the fixed blade It is possible to effectively reduce the situation in which the object to be crushed accumulates at the original position and an abnormally high load is applied to the rotary blade.

  In the sixth feature configuration, in addition to any of the first to fifth feature configurations described above, in addition to any of the first to fifth feature configurations described above, a sheared and crushed object is applied to the tip edge of the platform. A second guide surface that is disengaged from a side space extending from the blade base side to the blade tip side of the fixed blade as the rotary blade rotates is formed to be continuous with the upper edge of the base plate. The guide surface is formed so as to be continuous with the second guide surface.

  According to the above-described configuration, the object to be crushed separated along the first guide surface from between the cutting edges of each fixed blade as the rotary blade rotates does not stay on the base plate. It can be smoothly separated along the guide surface.

  The characteristic configuration of the crushing device according to the present invention is that a fixed blade unit having any one of the first to sixth characteristic configurations described above is provided as described in the seventh aspect.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fixed blade unit and a crushing apparatus that can reduce the load applied to the crushing rotor and perform stable and efficient crushing processing.

Schematic of the crushing device according to the invention Explanatory drawing of crushing rotor and rotary blade (A) is a plan view of the rotary blade, (b) is a front view of the rotary blade, (c) is a sectional view of the rotary blade and the rotary blade mounting member. (A) is a perspective view of a fixed blade unit, (b) is a plan view of the fixed blade, and (c) is a front view of the fixed blade. (A) is a plan view of the rotary blade mounting member, (b) is a front view of the rotary blade mounting member, and (c) is a right side view of the rotary blade mounting member. Partial enlarged view of the crushing section Partial enlarged view of fixed blade unit (A) is a perspective view of the fixed blade unit and base plate by another embodiment, (b) is a side view of the fixed blade unit and base plate by another embodiment. (A) is a perspective view of the fixed blade unit and base plate by another embodiment, (b) is a side view of the fixed blade unit and base plate by another embodiment. (A) is a front view of a rotary blade according to another embodiment, (b) is a plan view of a fixed blade according to another embodiment, and (c) is a side view of the fixed blade according to another embodiment. (A) is a perspective view of the fixed blade unit and base plate by another embodiment, (b) is a side view of the fixed blade unit and base plate by another embodiment. The elements on larger scale of the fixed blade unit by another embodiment Partial enlarged view of the conventional crushing section

  Below, preferable embodiment of the fixed blade unit and crushing apparatus by this invention is described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a uniaxial shear crushing device 1 (hereinafter referred to as “crushing device 1”) as an example of a crushing device includes a receiving hopper 2 that inputs an object to be crushed, such as electrical appliances, building waste materials, and plastics. The crushing processing unit 10 that crushes the material to be crushed in the receiving hopper 2, the pusher mechanism 3 that presses the material to be crushed from the horizontal direction toward the crushing processing unit 10, and the drive that drives the crushing processing unit 10. An electric motor M is provided as an example of the machine, and the pusher mechanism 3 and the electric motor M are driven and controlled by a control device (not shown).

  The pusher mechanism 3 includes a pusher pusher 3a, an arm 3b connected to the rear end of the pusher pusher, and a hydraulic cylinder piston 3c connected to the arm 3b and extending and contracting by pressure oil from a hydraulic pump (not shown). The push pusher 3a is configured to drive the object to be crushed toward the crushing processing unit 10 by driving forward and backward on the base plate 4 in the horizontal direction.

  The crushing processing unit 10 is disposed below the receiving hopper 2 and includes a rotary blade 20 having a V-shaped cutting edge fixed to a peripheral surface of a crushing rotor 5 that rotates around a predetermined axis, It is comprised with the fixed blade 30 provided with the V-shaped blade edge which meshes and shears and crushes a to-be-crushed object.

  The crushing rotor 5 is configured such that the power of the electric motor M is transmitted and rotated via a belt and a speed reducer (not shown). The object to be crushed pressed toward the crushing processing unit 10 by the push pusher 3 a is sheared and crushed by the rotary blade 20 and the fixed blade 30 that rotate as the crushing rotor 5 rotates.

  In the lower part of the crushing processing unit 10, a screen mechanism 6 that selectively passes the object to be crushed by the rotary blade 20 and the fixed blade 30 and a discharge that catches the object to be crushed that has passed through the screen mechanism 6. A hopper 7 is provided.

  The screen mechanism 6 is formed of a punching metal that is curved and formed in an arc shape along the rotation trajectory of the rotary blade 20, and is composed of a punching metal, and the screen mechanism 6 among the objects to be crushed by the crushing processing unit 10. The material to be crushed that is smaller than the opening is dropped into the discharge hopper 7 from the opening and discharged to the outside of the crushing device 1, and the one that does not pass through the opening of the screen mechanism 6 is fixed to the rotary blade 20 again. The blade 30 is crushed.

  The screen mechanism is not limited to the case of being formed of punching metal having a large number of openings, and includes a plurality of slit-shaped openings on a flat plate that is curved in an arc along the rotation trajectory of the rotary blade 20, Among the longitudinal edges, the edge on the rotation direction side of the crushing rotor 5 is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, and the inclination direction of the edges is alternately switched along the locus of the rotary blade 20. May be.

The crushing processing unit 10 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 2, the rotary blade 20 is formed in the adjacent groove portion 5 </ b> V by the rotary blade attachment member 21 fixed to the V-shaped groove portion 5 </ b> V parallel to each other at a predetermined pitch formed around the crushing rotor 5. What is provided is fixed at a predetermined position so as to be zigzag (wavy) when the cutting edges are connected.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the rotary blade 20 has a blade portion 22 formed on the ridge line on both sides of the front and back surfaces with a side of about 25 mm, and a bolt hole 23 for attaching to the rotary blade attachment member 21 in the center. It is composed of a quadrangular prism formed. The angle α serving as the cutting edge is set to 90 degrees.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (c), the rotary blade mounting member 21 is formed in a shape along the V-shaped grooves 5 </ b> V parallel to each other at a predetermined pitch formed on the bottom surface around the crushing rotor 5. The rear side of the 20 rotary blade mounting members 21 has a chamfered shape 24 so as not to interfere with the fixed blade 30. Bolt holes are formed at predetermined positions on the mounting surface of the rotary blade 20 so that the rotary blade 20 can be attached and detached, and the rotary blade 20 is mounted on the mounting surface and fixed with bolts 27 from the back side. . A shielding member 26 is provided in front of the rotary blade 20 to prevent the object to be crushed from clogging in the gap between the rotary blade 20 and the crushing rotor 5.

  The rotary blade mounting member 21 is welded and fixed at a predetermined position of the groove 5V. In addition, you may comprise the rotary blade attachment member 21 so that attachment or detachment is possible using a volt | bolt etc., without welding to the groove part 5V.

  As shown to Fig.4 (a), the fixed blade 30 is comprised by the chip | tip shape provided with the V-shaped blade edge | tip. A fixed blade unit 33 is configured by the fixed blade 30 and a fixed blade support member 32 in which four mounting seats 31 for individually supporting a plurality of chip-shaped fixed blades 30 are formed.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the fixed blade unit 33 is arranged in a plurality of steps along the axial direction of the crushing rotor 5 at the step portion formed at the tip of the base plate 4 and interferes with the cutting edge of the rotary blade 20. The tip edge 4a of the base 4 is attached so as to be at a relative positional distance away from the rotary blade 20 at least from the cutting edge of the fixed blade 30.

  Further, when the object to be crushed is crushed by the rotary blade 20 and the fixed blade 30, the load on the chip-shaped fixed blade 30 can be sufficiently supported in cooperation with the fixed blade support member 32. The tip extends from at least half of the blade portion of the fixed blade 30 to the front position. A broken line 20a in FIG. 6 represents the locus of the cutting edge of the rotary blade 20.

  As shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C, the fixed blade 30 has a blade portion 34 formed on a ridge line on both sides of the front and back surfaces with a side of about 25 mm, and a bolt hole 35 for attaching to the fixed blade support member 32 in the center. It is composed of a rectangular prism with a diamond shape in plan view. The angle β serving as the cutting edge is set to 85.2 degrees.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A, 5 </ b> B, and 5 </ b> C, the fixed blade support member 32 has a bolt hole through which a bolt can be inserted from the upper surface into the stepped portion of the base plate 4 disposed to face the crushing rotor 5. 36 and a concave mounting seat 31 are formed along the end of the fixed blade support member 32. A bolt hole 37 through which a bolt for attaching the fixed blade 30 is inserted from the back surface is formed in the mounting seat 31. The fixed blade mounting member 32 is formed by cutting a flat metal member.

  In the present embodiment, the fixed blade support member 32 is configured to include four fixed blades 30, and the mounting seat 31 has a rectangular concave shape that supports the entire bottom surface of the four fixed blades at the tip of the fixed blade support member 32. Is formed.

  In the fixed blade support member 32, the sheared and crushed objects are arranged in a lateral space from the blade base side to the blade tip side of the fixed blade as the rotary blade 20 rotates, that is, in the adjacent mounting seats 31. A first guide surface 40 is formed to be separated from the edge of the fixed blade 30 toward the tip edge 4 a of the base plate 4.

  With such a configuration, the object to be crushed by the rotary blade 20 and the fixed blade 30 is moved along the first guide surface 40 formed on the fixed blade support member 32 as the rotary blade 20 rotates. Since the fixed blade 30 is detached from the side space from the blade base to the blade tip toward the tip edge of the base 4, resistance to rotation of the rotary blade 20 can be reduced, and stable and efficient crushing processing is performed. Can be done.

  The first guide surface 40 needs to be formed such that one end portion (lower end portion) 40 b thereof is continuous with the upper end edge 4 b of the base plate 4. There is no inconvenience that the object to be crushed guided along the first guide surface 40 falls between the adjacent mounting seats 31 and accumulates on the base plate 4, and is easily detached from the upper edge 4 b of the base plate 4. Because it does.

  When the fixed blade unit 33 is attached to the base plate 4 in such a relative relationship that the upper end edge 4b of the base plate 4 is retracted to the side opposite to the rotor from the lower end portion 40b of the first guide surface 40. Therefore, there is no inconvenience that an object to be crushed guided along the first guide surface 40 falls between the adjacent mounting seats 31 and accumulates on the base plate 4.

  The first guide surface 40 is connected to the pair of cutout surfaces 41 in the thickness direction of the fixed blade 30 in parallel with the blade portion of the fixed blade 30 and the pair of cutout surfaces 41 on the blade base side of the fixed blade 30. It is composed of an inclined surface 42 that is continuous from the center in the height direction to the upper edge 4 b of the base 4. The angle θ between the inclined surface 42 and the bottom surface of the fixed blade 30 is set to 45 degrees.

  With such a configuration, the object to be crushed is sheared and crushed along the inclined surface 42 from the side space from the blade base side to the blade tip side of the fixed blade 30 along with the rotation of the rotary blade 20. Is quickly and smoothly detached from the upper edge 4b.

  Further, since the mounting seats 31 of the fixed blade support member 32 are connected by the inclined surface 42, the strength of the fixed blade support member 32 itself can be ensured, and the fixed blade 30 can be secured together with the fixed blade support member 32 by the base 4. Even when the chip-shaped fixed blade 30 and the fixed blade support member 32 are formed thin, the fixed blade is used when the rotary blade 20 and the fixed blade 30 crush the object to be crushed. The load applied to the mounting seat 31 of the fixed blade support member 32 through 30 can be supported with sufficient strength.

  The angle θ is preferably set in a range of 45 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees, and the drag in the counter-rotating direction received from the inclined surface 42 is reduced, and the object to be crushed along the inclined surface 42 as the rotary blade 20 rotates. Goods can be removed smoothly. Moreover, since the space formed between the rotary blade 20 and the fixed blade support member 32 is gradually increased as the rotary blade 20 rotates, the object to be crushed can be smoothly detached.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 7, the contact portion 43 of the pair of cutout surfaces 41 formed on the fixed blade support member 32, that is, the blade base side of the cutout surfaces 41 has a radius of curvature of about 2 mm. It consists of a curved surface.

  This is because, when cutting the mounting seat 31 and the notch surface 41 with respect to the fixed blade support member 32, there are limitations on processing by a tool, and it is necessary to ensure the strength of the mounting seat 31. However, a minute flat surface is formed at the upper end of the curved surface adjacent to the mounting seat 31. If an object to be crushed accumulates in this region, an abnormally high load may be applied to the crushing rotor.

  Therefore, the curvature radius of the curved surface formed in the contact portion 43 of the pair of notch surfaces 41 is preferably greater than 0 and equal to or less than ¼ of the length of one side of the blade portion of the fixed blade. The curvature radius is preferably greater than 0 and equal to or less than 1/10 of the length of one side of the fixed blade. This is because the strength of the mounting seat 31 can be ensured while avoiding accumulation of objects to be crushed.

  By making the curvature radius of the curved surface of the contact portion 43 of the pair of cutout surfaces 41 sufficiently smaller than the length of the blade portion of the fixed blade 30, the end portion 31a of the mounting surface 31 at the blade base position of the fixed blade 30 is obtained. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the load to be crushed and the load applied to the crushing rotor 5 increases abnormally.

  For example, in a crushing device with a rated power of 150 KW, when the radius of curvature is set to 10 mm (2/5 of the length of one side of the fixed blade), the radius of curvature is 2 mm (one side of the blade of the fixed blade) According to a comparison experiment with the case where the radius of curvature is set to 1 / 12.5), when the radius of curvature is set to 2 mm, the load applied to the crushing rotor 5 is smaller than when the radius of curvature is set to 10 mm. It has been confirmed that it can be reduced by about 20%. Further, even when the above-mentioned curvature radius is set to 6 mm (about 1/4 of the length of one side of the fixed blade), it does not reach 20%, but compared to the case where the curvature radius is set to 10 mm. It has been confirmed that the load can be reduced by about 10%.

  The rotary blade 20 and the fixed blade 30 are arranged so that the elevation angle when the cutting edge of the rotary blade 20 meshes with the base of the fixed blade 30 is approximately 16 degrees. The reason why such an angle is set is that the blade tip of the rotary blade 20 is arranged on the fixed blade 30 such that the elevation angle when the blade tip of the rotary blade 20 meshes with the fixed blade 30 is larger than 0 degrees. This is because it can be configured to mesh with each other, and then the cutting edge can be engaged, and the crushing efficiency can be improved by applying a shearing force to the object to be crushed from the cutting edge of the rotary blade 20 to the cutting edge. The blade angles of the rotary blade and the fixed blade are also appropriately set according to the elevation angle when the blade edge of the rotary blade meshes with the fixed blade, and the angle θ of the inclined surface 42 is also set appropriately within a range of 45 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees.

  Since the rotary blade 20 and the fixed blade 30 have blade portions formed on the ridge lines on both the front and back surfaces, when the blade portions are worn or damaged, the new blade portion is reversed or rotated front and back or rotated 180 degrees. Can be used. In the state where each is mounted on the mounting seat, the bolt tip surface is substantially flush with the blade body, so there is no possibility that the object to be crushed will be caught or caught in the bolt hole and the female screw will be deformed or damaged. When the front and back surfaces are exchanged and used, the bolts can be easily attached and detached.

  In addition, the material which comprises a rotary blade and a fixed blade with sufficient intensity | strength with respect to to-be-crushed objects, such as a cemented carbide alloy and a tool steel, is selected, and a general purpose steel material is used for the fixed blade support member 32. .

  By the way, when a foreign object is caught between the rotary blade 20 and the fixed blade 30, an abnormally high load is applied to the crushing rotor and the speed change mechanism and the like are damaged. There is also a crushing device that incorporates a torque limiter and is configured to block abnormal torque transmission to the transmission mechanism.

  When the above-described first guide surface 40 is not formed, the object to be crushed accumulates between the mounting seats 31 of the fixed blade support member 32, thereby causing an abnormally high load to be applied to the crushing rotor. Not only does the limiter operate frequently to prevent a stable crushing process, but the torque limiter itself may be damaged.

  According to the present invention, as the rotary blade 20 rotates, the object to be crushed is easily along the first guide surface 40 from between the cutting edges of the fixed blades 30 toward the leading edge of the base 4. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate a situation in which the torque limiter frequently operates or breaks.

  1st another embodiment of the fixed blade unit by this invention is described. In addition, about the structure similar to the above-mentioned embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the fixed blade unit 50 is mounted to individually support a chip-shaped fixed blade 30 having a V-shaped cutting edge and a plurality of chip-shaped fixed blades 30. The seat 51 is composed of fixed blade support members 52 arranged in an array.

  The fixed blade support member 52 includes four rotary blades 30, and the mounting seat 51 is formed in a rectangular concave shape that supports the entire bottom surface of the four fixed blades at the tip of the fixed blade support member 52. Between the mounting seats 51 of the support member 52, the sheared and crushed object is separated from the edge of each fixed blade 30 toward the leading edge of the base plate 55 as the rotary blade 20 rotates. A guide surface 53 is formed.

  The first guide surface 53 is formed between the mounting seats 51 of the fixed blade support member 52 and is composed of a pair of cutout surfaces 54 formed along the thickness direction of the fixed blade 30. Further, a second guide surface 56 is formed at the front end edge of the base plate 55 so that the object to be crushed is separated from between the cutting edges of the fixed blades 30 as the rotary blade 20 rotates.

  The second guide surfaces 56 are connected to a pair of notch surfaces 54 formed so as to be continuous with a pair of notch surfaces 54 as the first guide surface 53, and are connected to the pair of notch surfaces 57 from the blade base side of the fixed blade 30. It is composed of an inclined surface 58 that continues to the bottom edge of the base plate 55.

  In other words, the second guide surface for separating the sheared and crushed material from between the blade edges of each fixed blade with the rotation of the rotary blade is formed at the front edge of the base so as to be continuous with the upper edge of the base. The second guide surface is formed to be continuous with the first guide surface.

  Accordingly, the object to be crushed that has separated from the edge of each fixed blade along the first guide surface along with the rotation of the rotary blade does not stay on the platform, and the object to be crushed along the second guide surface. It can be removed smoothly.

  The angle θ between the inclined surface 58 and the bottom surface of the fixed blade 30 is set to 45 degrees. The angle θ is appropriately set in the range of 45 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees. The rotary blade 20 and the fixed blade 30 are arranged so that the elevation angle when the cutting edge of the rotary blade 20 meshes with the base of the fixed blade 30 is approximately 16 degrees.

  The abutting portions of the pair of notch surfaces 54 and the abutting portions of the pair of notch surfaces 57 are composed of curved surfaces having a curvature radius of about 2 mm. The contact portions of the pair of notch surfaces 54 formed on the fixed blade support member 52 and the contact portions of the pair of notch surfaces 57 formed on the front end edge of the base plate 55 are each configured by a curved surface, It is preferable that the curvature radius of each curved surface is greater than 0 and equal to or less than ¼ of the length of one side of the blade portion of the fixed blade 30.

  Next, a second alternative embodiment of the fixed blade unit according to the present invention will be described. In addition, about the structure similar to the above-mentioned embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the fixed blade unit 60 is mounted to individually support the chip-shaped fixed blade 30 having a V-shaped cutting edge and the plurality of chip-shaped fixed blades 30. The seat 61 is composed of fixed blade support members 62 arranged in an array.

  The fixed blade support member 62 is configured to include four fixed blades 30, and the mounting seat 61 is formed in a rectangular concave shape that supports the entire bottom surface of the four fixed blades at the tip of the fixed blade support member 62. Between the mounting seats 61 of the support member 62, the sheared and crushed object is separated from the blade tips of the fixed blades 30 toward the leading edge of the base plate 65 as the rotary blade 20 rotates. A guide surface 63 is formed.

  The first guide surface 63 is formed between the mounting seats 61 of the fixed blade support member 62 and includes a pair of cutout surfaces 64 formed along the thickness direction of the fixed blade 30. Furthermore, a second guide surface 66 is formed at the tip edge of the base plate 65 to allow the object to be crushed to break away from between the blade edges of each fixed blade 30 as the rotary blade 20 rotates.

  The second guide surface 66 includes a pair of notch surfaces 67 formed so as to be continuous with a pair of notch surfaces 64 as the first guide surface 63.

  That is, also in the present embodiment, the second guide surface that separates the sheared and crushed object from between the blade edges of each fixed blade as the rotary blade rotates is provided at the top edge of the base plate. And the first guide surface is formed to be continuous with the second guide surface.

  The abutting portions of the pair of notch surfaces 64 and the abutting portions of the pair of notch surfaces 67 are composed of curved surfaces having a curvature radius of about 2 mm. The abutting portions of the pair of notch surfaces 64 formed on the fixed blade support member 62 and the abutting portions of the pair of notch surfaces 67 formed on the leading edge of the base plate 65 are each configured by a curved surface, and It is preferable that the curvature radius of each curved surface is greater than 0 and equal to or less than ¼ of the length of one side of the blade portion of the fixed blade 30.

  Next, another third embodiment of the fixed blade unit according to the present invention will be described. In addition, about the structure similar to the above-mentioned embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which one tip-like rotary blade and fixed blade are engaged with each other has been described, but a plurality of tip-like rotary blades and fixed blades are combined to form an apparently large rotary blade and fixed blade. And you may comprise so that the said rotary blade and a fixed blade may bite.

  As shown in FIGS. 10A, 10 </ b> B, 10 </ b> C, and 12, the rotary blade 70 includes a rotary blade mounting member 71 fixed to a groove 5 </ b> V formed in the crushing rotor 5, and a rotary blade mounting member. The three rotary blades 20 are detachably attached to 71. A broken line 70a in FIG. 12 represents the locus of the cutting edge of the rotary blade 70.

  The rotary blade mounting member 71 has a bottom surface formed along the groove portion 5V of the crushing rotor 5, and the rear side of the rotary blade mounting member 71 of the rotary blade 20 is chamfered so as not to interfere with the fixed blade. Yes. On the mounting surface of the rotary blade 20, one of the three rotary blades 20 is attached to and detached from the blade tip position, and the other two are attached to and detached from the blade portion of the rotary blade 20 having the blade portion arranged at the blade tip position. Bolt holes are formed at predetermined positions so that they can be formed, and the three rotary blades 20 are attached to the attachment surface, and are fixed with bolts from the back side.

  Such a rotary blade mounting member 21 is fixed to a predetermined position of the groove portion 5V of the crushing rotor 5 by a welded portion W. The rotary blade mounting member 71 may be configured to be detachable using bolts or the like without being welded to the groove portion 5V. A shielding member 72 is provided in front of the rotary blade 20 to prevent the object to be crushed from being clogged in the gap between the rotary blade 20 and the crushing rotor 5 disposed at the blade base position.

  In addition, each rotary blade 20 can be reversed or rotated so that it can be attached to the blade edge position and a position connected to the blade edge.

Next, the fixed blade unit 80 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 11A, 11 </ b> B, and 12, the fixed blade unit 80 has a stepped portion formed on a base plate 90 that is disposed to face the crushing rotor 5 along the axial direction of the crushing rotor 5. The fixed blade support member 82 is detachably attachable to each other, and the three rotary blades 30 are detachably attached to a mounting seat 83 formed on the fixed blade support member 82. In the present embodiment, the fixed blade support member 82 includes three chip-shaped fixed blades, and one fixed blade 81 is configured, and the two fixed blades 81 are provided.

  The fixed blade support member 82 includes a bolt hole 84 through which a bolt can be inserted from the upper surface into the stepped portion of the base plate 90 disposed to face the crushing rotor 5, and a concave mounting seat along the end of the fixed blade support member 82. 83 is formed. A bolt hole 85 for attaching one of the three square prism rotary blades 30 to the blade edge position and a blade portion of the other two rotary blades 30 to the blade seat of the rotary blade 30 of the blade edge. The rotary blades 30 are reversed or rotated so that they can be attached to the blade edge position and the position continuous with the blade edge to form the fixed blade 81.

  Between the mounting seats 83 of the fixed blade support member 82, the sheared and crushed object is separated from between the cutting edges of the fixed blades 81 toward the leading edge of the base plate 90 as the rotary blade 70 rotates. One guide surface 86 is formed.

  The first guide surface 86 includes a pair of notch surfaces 87 formed along the thickness direction of the fixed blade 30, and a base plate from the vicinity of the center in the height direction on the base side of the fixed blade 81 connected to the pair of notch surfaces 87. It is comprised by the inclined surface 88 continued to 90 front-end | tip edges. The contact portion 89 of the pair of notch surfaces 87 formed on the fixed blade support member 32 is configured by a curved surface having a radius of curvature of about 2 mm, and the angle of the inclined surface 88 with the bottom surface of the fixed blade 81 is set to 45 degrees. Yes. The rotary blade 70 and the fixed blade 81 are arranged so that the elevation angle when the cutting edge of the rotary blade 70 is engaged with the base of the fixed blade 81 is approximately 16 degrees.

  Furthermore, a second guide surface 91 is formed at the leading edge of the base plate 90 to separate the object to be crushed from the cutting edge of each fixed blade 81 as the rotary blade 70 rotates.

  The second guide surface 91 includes a pair of notch surfaces 92 formed so as to be continuous with a pair of notch surfaces 87 serving as the first guide surface 86, and a pair of the notch surfaces 92, and the blade base side of the fixed blade 81. It is comprised by the inclined surface 93 continuing to the bottom face direction edge part of the base 90. FIG.

  Also in this case, since the inclined surface 88 is formed between the mounting seats 81 of the fixed blade support member 82, the strength of the fixed blade support member 82 itself can be ensured. Since the area where 81 is formed is sufficiently supported by the base plate 90, the rotary blade and the fixed blade are crushed even when the chip-shaped fixed blade and the fixed blade support member are formed thin. When crushing an object, the load applied to the mounting seat 81 of the fixed blade support member 82 can be supported with sufficient strength through the fixed blade.

  The angle between the inclined surface 93 and the bottom surface of the fixed blade 30 is set to about 60 degrees. The angles of the inclined surface 88 and the inclined surface 93 are appropriately set within a range of 45 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees.

  In the embodiment described above, as a fixed blade unit, a fixed blade unit including four fixed blades and a fixed blade support member on which a mounting seat for individually supporting the fixed blades is formed, and six fixed blades, Although the fixed blade unit provided with the fixed blade support member formed with two mounting seats for supporting the fixed blade three by three has been described, the fixed blade unit according to the present invention is not limited to these and is shown below. Embodiments are also included.

  The fixed blade unit may be configured by including one or two or more fixed blades and a fixed blade support member on which a mounting seat for individually supporting the fixed blades is formed. For example, an object to be crushed is configured such that a plurality of fixed blade units each having a single fixed blade and a fixed blade support member formed with a single mounting seat are attached to a base plate, and sheared and crushed by the fixed blade support member. With the rotation of the rotary blade, from the space between the blade edges of the fixed blades of the adjacent fixed blade unit, that is, from the side space from the blade base side to the blade edge side of the fixed blade, toward the tip edge of the base plate It is only necessary that the first guide surface to be separated is formed. A small crushing device is constructed in which a single fixed blade unit is attached to the base and crushing is performed in cooperation with a crushing rotor having two rotating blades meshed from both sides of the single fixed blade of the fixed blade unit. It becomes possible.

  Further, a fixed blade support member in which one blade edge is constituted by an odd number of fixed blades, and one or more mounting seats for supporting one of the fixed blades at the blade edge position and the other at the blade base position are formed. And a fixed blade unit. For example, a plurality of fixed blade units each having three fixed blades and a fixed blade support member formed with one mounting seat for supporting one of the fixed blades at the blade edge position and the other at the blade base position are attached to the base plate. The object to be crushed by the stationary blade support member is configured as described above, and the blade edge from between the blade edges of the stationary blades provided in the adjacent stationary blade units as the rotating blade rotates, that is, from the blade base side of the stationary blade. The 1st guide surface made to detach | leave toward the front-end edge of the said base from the side space which reaches the side should just be formed.

  The specific configuration of the crushing apparatus described above and the fixed blade unit constituting the crushing processing unit is not limited to the description of the embodiment, and can be appropriately changed and designed within the scope of the effects of the present invention. Needless to say.

1: Crushing device 2: Receiving hopper 3: Pusher mechanism 3a: Pushing pusher 4: Base 4a: Tip edge 4b: Top edge 5: Crushing rotor 10: Crushing processing unit 20: Rotary blade 30: Fixed blade 31: Mounting seat 32 : Fixed blade support member 33: Fixed blade unit 40: First guide surface 40b: One end (lower end)
41: a pair of notch surfaces 42: an inclined surface 43: a contact portion 50: a fixed blade unit 51: a mounting seat 52: a fixed blade support member 53: a first guide surface 54: a pair of notch surfaces 56: a second guide surface 57: A pair of notch surfaces 58: An inclined surface 60: A fixed blade unit 61: A mounting seat 62: A fixed blade support member 63: A first guide surface 64: A pair of notch surfaces 66: A second guide surface 67: A pair of notches Surface 70: Rotating blade 80: Fixed blade unit 81: Fixed blade 82: Fixed blade support member 83: Mounting seat 86: First guide surface 87: A pair of notched surfaces 88: Inclined surface 89: Abutting portion 91: Second Guide surface 93: Inclined surface

Claims (7)

A fixed blade having a V-shaped cutting edge that meshes with a rotary blade having a V-shaped cutting edge arrayed and fixed on the peripheral surface of the crushing rotor, and shears and crushes the object to be crushed, and in the axial direction of the crushing rotor A fixed blade support member on which a mounting seat for supporting the fixed blade is formed, and at least one tip of the base plate is separated from the rotary blade from the blade edge of the fixed blade. Or a plurality of fixed blade units,
A first guide surface that detaches the sheared and crushed object from a lateral space from the blade base side to the blade tip side of the fixed blade toward the tip edge of the platform as the rotary blade rotates. Is a fixed blade unit formed on the fixed blade support member.   The fixed blade unit according to claim 1, wherein the first guide surface is formed so that one end thereof is connected to an upper end edge of the base. The fixed blade is formed in the shape of a quadrangular prism, and the mounting seat is formed in a rectangular concave shape that supports at least the entire bottom surface of the fixed blade at the tip of the fixed blade support member.
The first guide surface is formed on a side of the mounting seat of the fixed blade support member, and a notch surface formed along a thickness direction of the fixed blade, and a blade of the fixed blade connected to the notch surface. The fixed blade unit according to claim 1, wherein the fixed blade unit includes an inclined surface that extends from the original side to the upper edge of the base plate.   The fixed blade unit according to claim 3, wherein an angle formed by the inclined surface and the bottom surface of the fixed blade is in a range of 45 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees.   The blade base side of the notch surface formed in the fixed blade support member is formed into a curved surface, and the curvature radius of the curved surface is greater than 0 and equal to or less than ¼ of the length of one side of the blade portion of the fixed blade. The fixed blade unit according to 3 or 4.   A second guide surface that detaches the object to be crushed at the leading edge of the base plate from the side space from the blade base side to the blade tip side of the fixed blade as the rotary blade rotates. The fixed blade unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fixed blade unit is formed so as to be continuous with an upper end edge of the base plate, and the first guide surface is formed so as to be continuous with the second guide surface.   The crushing apparatus provided with the fixed blade unit in any one of Claim 1 to 6.

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